178 lines
13 KiB
XML
178 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2193-0074-1-187" ID-Pensoft-UUID="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" ID-ZooBank="6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1" ModsDocID="2193-0074-25-1-187" checkinTime="1667366246929" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Spasojevic, Tamara, Broad, Gavin R. & Klopfstein, Seraina" docDate="2022" docId="B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilRecord 25(1): 187-212" docOrigin="Fossil Record 25 (1)" docPubDate="2022-06-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" docTitle="Armadilleon petrorum Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" lastPageNumber="187" masterDocId="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" masterDocTitle="Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology" masterLastPageNumber="212" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1667366246929" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Spasojevic, Tamara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Klopfstein, Seraina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Fossil Record</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-06-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>187</mods:start>
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<mods:end>212</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2193-0074-1-187</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName LSID="B8CD347F-BB7C-5F65-BF3A-26500EFEC4CE" authority="(Brues, 1910)" authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1910" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon petrorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petrorum" status="comb. nov.">Armadilleon petrorum (Brues, 1910)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="187">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Armadilleon petrorum (Brues, 1910) comb. nov. A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ; B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker black lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. Grey lines and circles show conspicuous sculpture of the cuticle." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83034.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693069" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Polysphincta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polysphincta petrorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petrorum" status="comb. nov.">* Polysphincta petrorum</taxonomicName>
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Brues, 1910
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Photographs of the
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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(part, #PALE-2136) obtained from the MCZ.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="stratum">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Stratum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Female.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Holotype</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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in lateral view with nearly complete antennae, partial head, mesosoma detailing sculpture, both fore and hind wings, at least parts of all legs, and metasoma with ovipositor with sheaths. Body length 9.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Mostly black, antennae and wing venation dark brown, T2 and following with broad, reddish apical bands, legs orange to dark brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Head</emphasis>
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very short, eyes of normal dimensions.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Antennae</emphasis>
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6.6 mm, with at least 24 (probably about 32) flagellomeres, basal segments elongate, apical segments transverse.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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with strong sculpture; pronotum with epomia strong and with numerous longitudinal wrinkles especially along hind margin which continue on mesopleuron; epicnemial carina complete to about mid-height of pronotum; sternaulus long and strong, with transverse carinulae; sculpture of mesopleuron dominated by longitudinal carinulae on much of its surface. Metanotum rather short and high, with some carinulae visible on lower part. Propodeum with pleural carina, indications of lateral and lateromedian longitudinal carinae, anterior transverse and at least lateral portions of posterior transverse carinae, with rugulo-punctate sculpture between the carinae.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Wings</emphasis>
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evenly and densely hairy; fore wing 5.8 mm, with pentagonal areolet; 2m-cu probably with a single bulla; 1cu-a meeting M + Cu opposite of 1M; cell 2R1 3.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide. Hind wing with 1Rs longer than rs-m and 1Cu longer than Cu-a; M + Cu probably strongly curved in apical half.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Legs</emphasis>
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somewhat hard to tease apart, but of rather average dimensions; hind femur 4.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName genus="Metasom" lsidName="Metasom" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Metasom</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a
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</emphasis>
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seems somewhat compressed towards apex; T1 clearly elongate and petiolate, with strong lateral and dorsolateral carinae, remaining tergites transverse; sternites rather strongly sclerotized; hypopygium short and inconspicuous. Ovipositor 2.2 mm, 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as metasoma, straight and parallel-sided, its ventral valve with indications of oblique ridges close to apex, without dorsal subapical notch.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/fr.25.83034.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693069" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brues" baseAuthorityYear="1910" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon petrorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petrorum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon petrorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Brues, 1910) comb. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A.</emphasis>
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Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">B.</emphasis>
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Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker black lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. Grey lines and circles show conspicuous sculpture of the cuticle.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="interpretation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Interpretation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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The conspicuous sculpture visible on the propleuron, mesoscutum, mesopleuron and propodeum, together with the subfamily characteristics (strong sternaulus, petiolate T1 and pentagonal areolet), firmly place this species in the new genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasojevic & Broad & Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Armadilleon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Armadilleon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Armadilleon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Additional similar features between the current and the type species of the genus,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. morticinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="morticinus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. morticinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, include the short head, carination of propodeum, and ovipositor length and shape. The two species differ by the shape of the antennae, which are much stouter in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. morticinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="morticinus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. morticinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the different colouration of the metasomal tergites, and fore wing vein 1cu-a meeting M + Cu somewhat distally of 1M in the type species and opposite of 1M in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. petrorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petrorum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petrorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pimplinae">Pimplinae</taxonomicName>
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Wesmael, 1845
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lithoserix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithoserix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Lithoserix</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Brown, 1986
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |