94 lines
13 KiB
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94 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="38747FCF480468B1E96BE4A91E704B35" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.170856" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7c315efb-e525-4049-b3d9-17b80bd38b5a" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="170856" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459715924548" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mound, Laurence A. & Reynaud, Philippe" docDate="2005" docId="A928BC58FFEDFFF7FEF4FEBDBDF8846F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00864.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 864" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Franklinothrips orizabensis Johansen 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="5511C420FFE6FFFCFFFCFFA1BC4E8756" masterDocTitle="Franklinothrips; a pantropical Thysanoptera genus of antmimicking obligate predators (Aeolothripidae)" masterLastPageNumber="16" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698207906748" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C0F18036A8002F0D860351CF262CBEAA">Franklinothrips; a pantropical Thysanoptera genus of antmimicking obligate predators (Aeolothripidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5C65B75B115872DE7FBAD6EB46A3CBA5">Mound, Laurence A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="10CA20E8D91564DDC5A6E830E2E6F0B2">Reynaud, Philippe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="972A490B89D7AD1B0F751316D1BAE703">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="166B63B769CCC430F1B5EFBFA5E24B38">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="34B6A55FBC0E401A3C4CF00B465B7918" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CB1414EE7A00E005A381C16C8567CF78">864</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D047CFB5043988652B0857685FB38CD7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.170856</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="699B5EC5FFEDFFF7FEF4FEBDBDF8846F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="213E0D4EFFEDFFF7FEF4FEBDBF128663" blockId="11.[264,860,283,310]" box="[264,860,283,310]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="E68176CDFFEDFFF7FEF4FEBDBF128663" ID-CoL="6JMKN" authority="Johansen, 1974: 249" authorityName="Johansen" authorityPageNumber="249" authorityYear="1974" box="[264,860,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Aeolothripidae" genus="Franklinothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orizabensis">
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<emphasis id="13F5D15CFFEDFFF7FEF4FEBDBE178660" bold="true" box="[264,601,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Franklinothrips orizabensis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="A0202B5FFFEDFFF7FD9CFEBABF128663" author="Johansen" box="[608,860,283,309]" page="249" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FD9CFEBABF6D8663" author="Johansen" box="[608,803,283,309]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Johansen, R. M. (1974) Siete nuevos Tisanopteros de Tabasco, Veracruz y el Pedregal de San Angel, Mexico, D. F. Thysanoptera: Terebrantia; Tubulifera). Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural, 35, 249 - 276." type="journal article" year="1974">Johansen, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 249
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="213E0D4EFFEDFFF7FEF4FEC6BDF8846F" blockId="11.[264,1324,359,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Described from
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<collectingCountry id="59964DDEFFEDFFF7FE31FEC6BE6486D7" box="[461,554,359,385]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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, this species is common in southern California. It has been the subject of extensive study, on its antmimicry (
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FCA5FE2EB85C86FF" author="Johansen" box="[857,1042,399,425]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Johansen, R. M. (1983) Nuevos estudios acerca del mimetismo en el genero Franklinothrips Back (Insect: Thysanoptera) en Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia. Universidad Nacional de Mexico, 53 [1982], 133 - 156." type="journal article" year="1983">Johansen 1983</bibRefCitation>
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), and on its predatory behaviour (
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FE73FE16BE098687" author="Hoddle" box="[399,583,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Hoddle, M. S. (2003 a) Predation behaviours of Franklinothrips orizabensis (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) towards Scirtothrips perseae and Heliothrips haemorroidalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Biological Control, 27, 323 - 328." type="journal article" year="2003" yearSuffix="a">Hoddle, 2003a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FDB7FE16BE158687" author="Hoddle" box="[587,603,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Hoddle, M. S. (2003 b) The effect of prey species and environmental complexity on the functional response of Franklinothrips orizabensis: a test of the fractal foraging model. Ecological Entomology, 28, 309 - 318." type="journal article" year="2003" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
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). It is a useful predator of a pest thrips on avocado trees in southern California (
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FE07FE7EBEAC86AF" author="Hoddle" box="[507,738,479,505]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Hoddle, M. S., Robinson, L., Drescher, K. & Jones, J. (2000) Developmental and Reproductive Biology of a Predatory Franklinothrips n. sp. (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae). Biological Control, 18, 27 - 38." type="journal article" year="2000">Hoddle et al., 2000</bibRefCitation>
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), and has been evaluated as a potential biocontrol agent (
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FEA4FDA6BE1D8577" author="Hoddle" box="[344,595,519,545]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Hoddle, M. S., Oishi, K. & Morgan, D. (2001 a) Pupation biology of Franklinothrips orizabensis (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and harvesting and shipping of this predator. Florida Entomologist, 84, 272 - 281." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">Hoddle et al., 2001a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FDABFDA6BE298577" author="Hoddle" box="[599,615,519,545]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Hoddle, M. S., Jones, J., Oishi, K., Morgan, D. & Robinson, L. (2001 b) Evaluation of diets for the development and reproduction of Franklinothrips orizabensis (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 91, 273 - 280." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FD89FDA6BEFB8577" author="Hoddle" box="[629,693,519,545]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Hoddle, M. S., Oevering, P., Philips, P. A. & Faber, B. A. (2004) Evaluation of augmentative releases of Franklinothrips orizabensis for control of Scirtothrips perseae in California avocado orchards. Biological Control, 30, 456 - 465." type="journal article" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
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). Moreover, as indicated in the Introduction above it has been marketed in Europe as a biocontrol agent against thrips in greenhouses. Judging from the records given by
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<bibRefCitation id="451070BFFFEDFFF7FDBAFDF6BF458527" author="Johansen" box="[582,779,599,625]" pageId="11" pageNumber="15" refString="Johansen, R. M. (1983) Nuevos estudios acerca del mimetismo en el genero Franklinothrips Back (Insect: Thysanoptera) en Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia. Universidad Nacional de Mexico, 53 [1982], 133 - 156." type="journal article" year="1983">Johansen (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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, and from personal experience in
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<collectingCountry id="59964DDEFFEDFFF7FB5EFDF6B9698527" box="[1186,1319,599,625]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, this bisexual species usually occurs on the leaves of shrubs and trees, in contrast to the closely related and essentially unisexual species,
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<taxonomicName id="E68176CDFFEDFFF7FCADFD06BFB88596" box="[849,1014,679,704]" class="Insecta" family="Aeolothripidae" genus="Aeolothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespiformis">
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<emphasis id="13F5D15CFFEDFFF7FCADFD06BFB88596" box="[849,1014,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">F. vespiformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Females have the forewings uniformly dark near the apex without a subapical pale area (
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<figureCitation id="B9BA11CBFFEDFFF7FBE0FD6EB83885BF" box="[1052,1142,719,745]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="6.[264,370,1771,1792]" captionTargetBox="[353,1240,291,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[341,1246,291,1769]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Franklinothrips species: (1) F. vespiformis female; (2) F. vespiformis larva; (3) F. a tla s, female holotype; (4) F. basseti, female holotype; (5) F. brunneicornis, female holotype; (6) F. lineatus, topotypic female; (7) F. lineatus, topotypic male; (8) F. fulgidus, female holotype; (9) F. m e g a l o p s, female from India; (10) F. o r i z a b e n s i s, female from California; (11) F. o r i z a b e n s i s, male from California." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170857/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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), and the wing apex is considerably broader than that of
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<taxonomicName id="E68176CDFFEDFFF7FD11FD56BFDF8446" box="[749,913,759,784]" class="Insecta" family="Aeolothripidae" genus="Aeolothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespiformis">
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<emphasis id="13F5D15CFFEDFFF7FD11FD56BFDF8446" box="[749,913,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">F. vespiformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The forewings of males are much paler (
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<figureCitation id="B9BA11CBFFEDFFF7FEAEFCBEBDE6846F" box="[338,424,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="6.[264,370,1771,1792]" captionTargetBox="[353,1240,291,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[341,1246,291,1769]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Franklinothrips species: (1) F. vespiformis female; (2) F. vespiformis larva; (3) F. a tla s, female holotype; (4) F. basseti, female holotype; (5) F. brunneicornis, female holotype; (6) F. lineatus, topotypic female; (7) F. lineatus, topotypic male; (8) F. fulgidus, female holotype; (9) F. m e g a l o p s, female from India; (10) F. o r i z a b e n s i s, female from California; (11) F. o r i z a b e n s i s, male from California." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170857/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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