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<document id="D6FDE317635854B72553DE590DFCF0B3" ID-CLB-Dataset="53643" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="282b16de-15c7-4edc-9b01-9f5897706be9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6413545" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649141098787" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Oliveira, Anabela Silveira De, Pontes, Rodrigo Corrêa, Robaina, Luis Eduardo De Souza &amp; Trentin, Romário" docDate="2022" docId="916987BDFF96FFF7A3E3BA28FCA4F123" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.542.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 542 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Gymnocalycium Pfeiffer ex Mittler 1844" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="6D50FFC5FF9EFFFFA36BBB7AFFD5F23F" masterDocTitle="The Cactaceae family in the Santa Maria river basin (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)" masterLastPageNumber="166" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1699319288531" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="FC3135662C2C033D98382B7159420200">The Cactaceae family in the Santa Maria river basin (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0C61EAFC215E1F5A2D8C111A25852044">Oliveira, Anabela Silveira De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8881B2D410BBDDED946730CFAC4E46E4">Centro Universitário da Região da Campanha - URCAMP. Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia / UFSM - Instituto de Geociências / IG / UFSM - Santa Maria, RS. &amp; anabela. biol @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0428 - 9986</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FD4620A8157F8577D6967720B9BF6421" type="email">anabela.biol@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F41971FC2121D7D81136C6DF20877800">Pontes, Rodrigo Corrêa</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="47F23C38FA29D8E54C9750436AD8F3D2" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2808-3835</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7602176C4A317010ADE1721E83C71688">Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia / UFSM - Instituto de Geociências / IG / UFSM - Santa Maria, RS. &amp; rodrigocorreapontes @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2808 - 3835</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="16236C8470949343088E4CC8904E3C35" type="email">rodrigocorreapontes@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="3B994A5257434F192DF7E1CB403F913A">Robaina, Luis Eduardo De Souza</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2745466A08C39EC0FC10A575477A2FEE" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2390-6417</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A0516A7FDCF6F7F18374DE7117C25379">LAGEOLAM / UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia / UFSM - Instituto de Geociências / IG / UFSM - Santa Maria, RS. &amp; lesrobaina @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2390 - 6417</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6F24031FA2BF0D26D0E2DD67DCE6FEC4" type="email">lesrobaina@yahoo.com.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A15C02EA6E3C15B7FB641BADFFF39839">Trentin, Romário</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="87A0DD43A24ABC55151293553A2A2510" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0615-2801</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E588AA4CA6C77C078B485660E419EA71">LAGEOLAM / UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia / UFSM - Instituto de Geociências / IG / UFSM - Santa Maria, RS. &amp; romario. trentin @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0615 - 2801</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="48B81DF7B378A520FD992429C3F167B2" type="email">romario.trentin@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="374FC85746DD6E6684C34047C53ADF92">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="78C269F25FD41A74862425810DABF889">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="664E2F2544BC5BB3AF0DDC1950B0F7D9">542</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="2C9E9C119C3F11BA4830F7ADBE11E2FE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="58B728C59CC8BB3D86CD4B9EC8389837" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="916987BDFF96FFF7A3E3BA28FCA4F123" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415641" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194464374" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6415641" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:916987BDFF96FFF7A3E3BA28FCA4F123" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/916987BDFF96FFF7A3E3BA28FCA4F123" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
<subSubSection id="51DA6520FF96FFF7A3E3BA28FD63F353" box="[136,694,338,365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF96FFF7A3E3BA28FD63F353" blockId="8.[136,1214,338,400]" box="[136,694,338,365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
<heading id="423781C7FF96FFF7A3E3BA28FD63F353" box="[136,694,338,365]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" reason="4">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A3E3BA28FF48F353" bold="true" box="[136,157,338,364]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF96FFF7A3CFBA28FD63F353" ID-CoL="4RS5" authority="Pfeiffer ex Mittler (1844: 124)" authorityName="Pfeiffer ex Mittler" authorityPageNumber="124" authorityYear="1844" box="[164,694,338,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Gymnocalycium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A3CFBA28FEB5F352" bold="true" box="[164,352,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Gymnocalycium</emphasis>
Pfeiffer ex
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF96FFF7A28EBA28FD63F353" author="Mittler, L." box="[485,694,338,364]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" pagination="124" refId="ref9125" refString="Mittler, L. (1844) Taschenbch fur Cactusliebliebhaber, Lei Mittler, L. (1844). Taschenbch fur Cactusliebliebhaber, Leipzig 2: 124." type="journal article" year="1844">Mittler (1844:124)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="51DA6520FF96FFF7A3E3BA00FF37F01F" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF96FFF7A3E3BA00FB6BF3AF" blockId="8.[136,1214,338,400]" box="[136,1214,378,400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A3E3BA00FF6FF3B0" bold="true" box="[136,186,378,399]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
<typeStatus id="C67B8809FF96FFF7A3E3BA00FF6FF3B0" box="[136,186,378,399]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(designated by Haworth 1816: 137):—
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF96FFF7A15FBA00FB6BF3AF" authority="(Haworth 1816: 137) Pfeiffer ex Mittler." authorityName="Mittler." baseAuthorityName="Haworth" baseAuthorityPageNumber="137" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[564,1214,378,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Gymnocalycium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gibbosum">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A15FBA00FCE6F3B0" box="[564,819,378,399]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Gymnocalycium gibbosum</emphasis>
(Haworth 1816: 137) Pfeiffer ex Mittler.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF96FFF7A3E3BAC4FAA3F3E6" blockId="8.[136,1452,446,797]" box="[136,1398,446,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A3E3BAC4FEB8F3E7" bold="true" box="[136,365,446,472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Species richness:—</emphasis>
Gathers approximately 50 species, four species occur in
<collectingRegion id="DB04F849FF96FFF7A08DBAC4FB62F3E7" box="[998,1207,446,472]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF96FFF7A7AEBAC4FABFF3E6" author="Kiesling, R." box="[1221,1386,446,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" pagination="441 - 444" refId="ref8728" refString="Kiesling, R. (2005) Cactaceae. In: Burkart, A. &amp; Bacigalupo, N. (Eds.) Flora ilustrada de Entre Rios - Argentina, Tomo IV, Parte IV. Coleccion Cientifica del I. N. T. A, Buenos Aires, pp. 441 - 444." type="book chapter" year="2005">Kiesling 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF96FFF7A3D6BA98FF37F01F" blockId="8.[136,1452,446,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A3D6BA98FE0EF3C3" bold="true" box="[189,475,482,508]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">General distribution:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF96FFF7A2B0BA98FD44F3C3" authorityName="Pfeiffer ex Mittler" authorityYear="1844" box="[475,657,482,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Gymnocalycium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A2B0BA98FD44F3C3" box="[475,657,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Gymnocalycium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in southern
<collectingCountry id="61D7763BFF96FFF7A0AEBA98FBD9F3C3" box="[965,1036,482,508]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="61D7763BFF96FFF7A770BA99FBABF3C2" box="[1051,1150,483,509]" name="Uruguay" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="61D7763BFF96FFF7A7E0BA98FB28F3C3" box="[1163,1277,482,508]" name="Argentina" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="61D7763BFF96FFF7A660BA99FAA1F3C2" box="[1291,1396,483,509]" name="Paraguay" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="61D7763BFF96FFF7A3E3B97CFF0BF01F" box="[136,222,518,544]" name="Bolivia" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="51DA6520FF96FFF7A3D6B950FCA4F123" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF96FFF7A3D6B950FE9AF08F" blockId="8.[136,1452,446,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A3D6B950FD6CF07B" bold="true" box="[189,697,554,580]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Distribution in Santa Maria river basin:—</emphasis>
Two species were found,
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF96FFF7A0BCB950FD85F057" authority="(Link &amp; Otto 1828: 9) Pfeiffer ex Mittler (1844: 124)" authorityName="Pfeiffer ex Mittler" authorityPageNumber="124" authorityYear="1844" baseAuthorityName="Link &amp; Otto" baseAuthorityPageNumber="9" baseAuthorityYear="1828" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Gymnocalycium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="denudatum">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A0BCB950FAC5F07B" box="[983,1296,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Gymnocalycium denudatum</emphasis>
(Link &amp; Otto 1828: 9) Pfeiffer ex
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF96FFF7A21FB934FD85F057" author="Mittler, L." box="[372,592,590,616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" pagination="124" refId="ref9125" refString="Mittler, L. (1844) Taschenbch fur Cactusliebliebhaber, Lei Mittler, L. (1844). Taschenbch fur Cactusliebliebhaber, Leipzig 2: 124." type="journal article" year="1844">Mittler (1844: 124)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="81FB2A2EFF96FFF7A109B934FD6AF057" box="[610,703,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,609,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-168@7.[302,1286,605,1916]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Cereus hildmaninanus (whitish-pink flowers). B) Echinopsis oxygona (pink flowers). C) Frailea albifusca. D) Frailea castanea. E) Frailea albifusca.F) Frailea lepida.G) Frailea mammifera. H) Frailea pumila. I) Frailea pygmaea.J) Frailea erythracantha K) Gymnocalycium denudatum (white flowers). L) Gymnocalycium uruguayense (yellow flowers). Pictures by A. S. Oliveira." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415611/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Fig. 2K</figureCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="DEC04D28FF96FFF7A06DB935FED8F0B3" authority="(Arechavaletae 1905: 218) Britton &amp; Rose (1922: 172)" authorityName="Britton &amp; Rose" authorityPageNumber="172" authorityYear="1922" baseAuthorityName="Arechavaletae" baseAuthorityPageNumber="218" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Gymnocalycium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uruguayense">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A06DB935FC6FF057" box="[774,954,591,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">G. uruguayense</emphasis>
(Arechavaletae 1905: 218)
<bibRefCitation id="7D514B5AFF96FFF7A797B934FED8F0B3" author="Britton, N. L. &amp; Rose, J. N." pageId="8" pageNumber="161" refId="ref7972" refString="Britton, N. L. &amp; Rose, J. N. (1922) The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family, vols. 3 - 4 Carnegie Institution, Washington, 322 pp." type="book" year="1922">Britton &amp; Rose (1922: 172)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="81FB2A2EFF96FFF7A275B908FEA3F0B3" box="[286,374,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,609,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-168@7.[302,1286,605,1916]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Cereus hildmaninanus (whitish-pink flowers). B) Echinopsis oxygona (pink flowers). C) Frailea albifusca. D) Frailea castanea. E) Frailea albifusca.F) Frailea lepida.G) Frailea mammifera. H) Frailea pumila. I) Frailea pygmaea.J) Frailea erythracantha K) Gymnocalycium denudatum (white flowers). L) Gymnocalycium uruguayense (yellow flowers). Pictures by A. S. Oliveira." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415611/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Fig. 2L</figureCitation>
), they are widespread in the study area and grow on rocky outcrops and the Saxon vegetation, tolerate low light.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197F36ABFF96FFF7A3D6B9C0FCA4F123" blockId="8.[136,1452,446,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="2BB4EAB9FF96FFF7A3D6B9C0FE14F0EB" bold="true" box="[189,449,698,724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Morphologic notes:—</emphasis>
These are usually solitary or clustered plants, globose of more than
<quantity id="DE389B4EFF96FFF7A7C6B9C0FB36F0EA" box="[1197,1251,698,725]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
in diameter, 4–15 sides, bell-shaped, white calyx, pink or yellowish-white flowers. Dried or fleshy fruits up to
<quantity id="DE389B4EFF96FFF7A7D2B9A4FB27F0C6" box="[1209,1266,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
in length. They usually bloom from October to December, bearing fruit soon after.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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