320 lines
55 KiB
XML
320 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="D4B20EC89B6A4200E75150658A56F581" ID-CLB-Dataset="58477" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5315.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7167f25a-667c-42b2-91f3-b91726926188" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8130617" ID-ZooBank="E3A80E68-001A-4051-B870-18BC76FADD94" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1688981334857" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chen, Shengfu, Wang, Menglin & Liang, Feiyang" docDate="2023" docId="91418787FFF2FFE1FF14FAC97540CBD0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5315.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5315 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5315.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paramanicapsocus xingyuei Chen & Wang & Liang 2023, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="268" masterDocId="6D78FFFFFFF3FFE5FF83FFFC7160CC36" masterDocTitle="A new species of the bark louse genus Paramanicapsocus (Insecta, Psocodea, Manicapsocidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber" masterLastPageNumber="270" masterPageNumber="264" pageNumber="265" updateTime="1688981998176" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="118B59CE65B676A79D30A59C73E59C57">A new species of the bark louse genus Paramanicapsocus (Insecta, Psocodea, Manicapsocidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F80DDC62EADA346C10CFE7C2799544D4">Chen, Shengfu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="47769C28A777E496CB844CC9563EE61F" type="ORCID">0009-0004-7760-0642</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B3D806DFEAD0052F3E3AD8BADF7F32B">School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China & Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China & 3155598502 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0004 - 7760 - 0642</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="24082B898914018F301FA9AFB635E75B" type="email">3155598502@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4695C3077AF35BC73276CC020F4693E5">Wang, Menglin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C0857B370B6CE3AC49B6DF3138ABBB6C">Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="125564C153321BC536D1EFB5B688D303">Liang, Feiyang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D1958D16FCB5AB45D1414308B7322DB1">School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China & Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="367D7ACB26782719866B19347B05AA97">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="6AC6EF82139BB97FE7CB63320D61207F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="0DAD71412B5A32237470BF8D465FC7B9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5315.3.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="91418787FFF2FFE1FF14FAC97540CBD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130625" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8130625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:91418787FFF2FFE1FF14FAC97540CBD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/91418787FFF2FFE1FF14FAC97540CBD0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">
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<subSubSection id="51F2651AFFF2FFE4FF14FAC973E7C979" box="[151,647,1333,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="19573691FFF2FFE4FF14FAC973E7C979" blockId="1.[151,647,1333,1396]" box="[151,647,1333,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">
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<heading id="421F81FDFFF2FFE4FF14FAC973E7C979" bold="true" box="[151,647,1333,1359]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="265" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF2FFE4FF14FAC973E7C979" bold="true" box="[151,647,1333,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">
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<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF2FFE4FF14FAC9735DC979" authority="Liang" authorityName="Chen & Wang & Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,573,1333,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="265" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xingyuei" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF2FFE4FF14FAC9708CC979" bold="true" box="[151,492,1333,1359]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Paramanicapsocus xingyuei</emphasis>
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Liang
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="30AF57F8FFF2FFE4FDC6FAC973E7C979" box="[581,647,1333,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="51F2651AFFF2FFE4FF14FAA57079C942" box="[151,281,1369,1396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265" type="description">
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<paragraph id="19573691FFF2FFE4FF14FAA57079C942" blockId="1.[151,647,1333,1396]" box="[151,281,1369,1396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">
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(
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<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF2FFE4FF1CFAA57070C942" box="[159,272,1369,1396]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5–11" captionStart-2="FIGURES 12–18" captionStart-3="FIGURES 19–25" captionStartId-0="2.[152,270,1171,1195]" captionStartId-1="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionStartId-2="4.[152,270,1566,1590]" captionStartId-3="5.[152,270,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox-0="[196,1391,309,1147]" captionTargetBox-1="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetBox-2="[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetBox-3="[238,1350,181,1529]" captionTargetId-0="figure-92@2.[196,1391,309,1147]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId-2="figure-124@4.[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetId-3="figure-26@5.[238,1350,181,1535]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–4. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male. 1. Habitus, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view; 2. Habitus, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view; 3. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, dorsal view; 4. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, ventral view. Scale bars=0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 12–18. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, male. 12. Trochanters, arrow to trichobothrial fields, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 13. Tarsi, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 14. Claw, arrow to pulvillus, Scale bar=0.2 mm; 15. Photograph of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 16. Drawing of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; 17. Photograph of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 18. Drawing of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.25 mm. Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; hy: hypandrium." captionText-3="FIGURES 19–25. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., female. 19. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 20. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23004, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 21. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 22. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 23. Photograph of terminalia, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 24. Photograph of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 25. Drawing of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; ev: external valve; dv: dorsal valve; vv: ventral valve." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130621" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130627" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130629" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8130621/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8130627/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8130629/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Figs 1–25</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="51F2651AFFF2FFE4FF14FA6672ECCABB" pageId="1" pageNumber="265" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="19573691FFF2FFE4FF14FA6672ECCABB" blockId="1.[151,1437,1434,2043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF2FFE4FF14FA667072C982" bold="true" box="[151,274,1434,1460]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Male and female macropterous. Head bearing setae. Antennae elongate, with fifteen antennomeres. Wings hyaline, with well-developed venation. Forewing pterostigma present; R two-branched; M three-branched or two-branched; areola postica (ap) cell present, similar to pterostigma in shape. Hindwing M two-branched; A two-branched. Terminalia: clunium, epiproct, paraproct and hypandrium simple. Male phallosome not visible. Female gonapophyses robust, external valve broad and rounded with hook-like tip, dorsal valve curved, ventral valve with a sharp tip. This new species can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF2FFE4FCA1F9B37295CA5F" box="[802,1013,1615,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="265" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiantennatus">
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<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF2FFE4FCA1F9B37295CA5F" box="[802,1013,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">P. longiantennatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the hindwing vein M two-branched and the female gonapophyses with robust external valves.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="51F2651AFFF2FFE7FF44F96A704CCBA9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="266" pageId="1" pageNumber="265" type="description">
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<paragraph id="19573691FFF2FFE4FF44F96A72CBCB77" blockId="1.[151,1437,1434,2043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF2FFE4FF44F96A70FECA87" bold="true" box="[199,414,1686,1713]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Description. Male</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF2FFE4FE2DF96B7342CA87" box="[430,546,1687,1713]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5–11" captionStart-2="FIGURES 12–18" captionStartId-0="2.[152,270,1171,1195]" captionStartId-1="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionStartId-2="4.[152,270,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox-0="[196,1391,309,1147]" captionTargetBox-1="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetBox-2="[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetId-0="figure-92@2.[196,1391,309,1147]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId-2="figure-124@4.[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–4. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male. 1. Habitus, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view; 2. Habitus, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view; 3. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, dorsal view; 4. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, ventral view. Scale bars=0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 12–18. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, male. 12. Trochanters, arrow to trichobothrial fields, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 13. Tarsi, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 14. Claw, arrow to pulvillus, Scale bar=0.2 mm; 15. Photograph of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 16. Drawing of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; 17. Photograph of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 18. Drawing of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.25 mm. Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; hy: hypandrium." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130621" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130627" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8130621/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8130627/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Figs 1–18</figureCitation>
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). Head (
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<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF2FFE4FD00F96B7389CA87" box="[643,745,1686,1713]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–11" captionStartId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Figs 5–6</figureCitation>
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) bearing numerous setae. Compound eyes and ocelli bulged. Coronal suture visible, frontal suture not visible. Antennae elongate, setose; flagellum with 13 flagellomeres, and secondary annulations. Postclypeus bulged, epistomal suture distinct. Lacinia (
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<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF2FFE4FB88F923752FCACF" box="[1035,1103,1759,1785]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–11" captionStartId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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) with bifurcate tip. Maxillary palps (
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<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF2FFE4FF60F8FF7048CB2B" box="[227,296,1795,1821]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–11" captionStartId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) four-segmented, bearing setae, mx4 equal to mx2, longer than mx1 and mx3, mx4 with a group of short sensory setae on tip. Labial palps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF2FFE4FDDAF8DB73FDCB77" box="[601,669,1831,1857]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–11" captionStartId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) one-segmented, broad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF2FFE4FF44F8B772D5CB53" blockId="1.[151,1437,1434,2043]" box="[199,949,1867,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Thorax. Prothorax narrow and short, meso- and metathorax robust.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF2FFE7FF44F8937466CD2B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1434,2043]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="266" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">
|
||
Wings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF2FFE4FEA1F89370F9CBBF" box="[290,409,1903,1929]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–11" captionStartId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Figs 8–11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Forewing elongate, partly bearing setae, all veins and whole margin with dense setae. Pterostigma present, with curved posterior margin. Sc not visible; Sc’ very short, with an obvious nodus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF2FFE4FACBF86F74EDCB9B" box="[1352,1421,1939,1965]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–11" captionStartId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
); Rs two-branched; M three-branched; crossvein m-cu
|
||
<subScript id="856C34D4FFF2FFE4FD67F835738CCBE1" attach="left" box="[740,748,1993,2007]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">1</subScript>
|
||
absent; CuA
|
||
<subScript id="856C34D4FFF2FFE4FCFDF83572E6CBE1" attach="left" box="[894,902,1993,2007]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">1</subScript>
|
||
elongate and curved, CuA
|
||
<subScript id="856C34D4FFF2FFE4FB32F83575D9CBE1" attach="left" box="[1201,1209,1993,2007]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">2</subScript>
|
||
very short, shape of areola postica similar to pterostigma, CuP weaker than CuA, meeting A
|
||
<subScript id="856C34D4FFF2FFE4FC29F81172D2CBCD" attach="left" box="[938,946,2029,2043]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="265">1</subScript>
|
||
at forewing margin; in-flight wing-coupling structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FE89FF6B703DCC87" box="[266,349,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–11" captionStartId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) brush-shaped; A
|
||
<subScript id="856C34D4FFF1FFE7FDA5FF55734ECC81" attach="left" box="[550,558,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">2</subScript>
|
||
present. Hindwing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FC9BFF6B7209CC87" box="[792,873,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–11" captionStartId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[336,1252,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–11. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., male.5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) margin with setae, veins and membrane without setae; Sc not visible, Rs two-branched, M two-branched, CuA simple, CuP weaker than CuA; vein A bifurcate, A
|
||
<subScript id="856C34D4FFF1FFE7FA17FF3174FCCCED" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">1</subScript>
|
||
long, A
|
||
<subScript id="856C34D4FFF1FFE7FF68FF0D7193CCC9" attach="left" box="[235,243,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">2</subScript>
|
||
very short. Legs with dense setae; every trochanter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FCD2FF2372C4CCCF" box="[849,932,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–18" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 12–18. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, male. 12. Trochanters, arrow to trichobothrial fields, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 13. Tarsi, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 14. Claw, arrow to pulvillus, Scale bar=0.2 mm; 15. Photograph of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 16. Drawing of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; 17. Photograph of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 18. Drawing of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.25 mm. Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; hy: hypandrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130627/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a group of setae; tarsi (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FB74FF237429CCCF" box="[1271,1353,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–18" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 12–18. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, male. 12. Trochanters, arrow to trichobothrial fields, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 13. Tarsi, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 14. Claw, arrow to pulvillus, Scale bar=0.2 mm; 15. Photograph of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 16. Drawing of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; 17. Photograph of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 18. Drawing of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.25 mm. Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; hy: hypandrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130627/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) three-segmented, 1
|
||
<superScript id="EE9D9BD9FFF1FFE7FEA8FEFF7056CD27" attach="left" box="[299,310,259,273]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">st</superScript>
|
||
hind tarsus with one row of ctenidiobothria; claw (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FCF0FEFF72A5CD2B" box="[883,965,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–18" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 12–18. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, male. 12. Trochanters, arrow to trichobothrial fields, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 13. Tarsi, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 14. Claw, arrow to pulvillus, Scale bar=0.2 mm; 15. Photograph of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 16. Drawing of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; 17. Photograph of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 18. Drawing of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.25 mm. Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; hy: hypandrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130627/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a seta-shape pulvillus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4D976619FFF1FFE7FF1BFB6F73B6C8C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8130621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130621/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" startId="2.[152,270,1171,1195]" targetBox="[196,1391,309,1147]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF1BFB6F73B6C8C4" blockId="2.[151,1437,1171,1267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF1FFE7FF1BFB6F7020C89D" bold="true" box="[152,320,1171,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">FIGURES 1–4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF1FFE7FEC5FB687304C89D" authority="Chen & Wang & Liang, 2023" authorityName="Chen & Wang & Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[326,612,1172,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xingyuei" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF1FFE7FEC5FB687304C89D" box="[326,612,1172,1195]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Paramanicapsocus xingyuei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF1FFE7FDEAFB6F73C1C89D" bold="true" box="[617,673,1171,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30AF57F8FFF1FFE7FDEAFB6F73C1C89D" box="[617,673,1171,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male. 1. Habitus, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view; 2. Habitus, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view; 3. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, dorsal view; 4. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, ventral view. Scale bars=0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF44FAB970FCC9B5" blockId="2.[151,1437,1349,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FECEFAB970ABC956" box="[333,459,1349,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–18" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-124@4.[340,1248,381,1542]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 12–18. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, male. 12. Trochanters, arrow to trichobothrial fields, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 13. Tarsi, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 14. Claw, arrow to pulvillus, Scale bar=0.2 mm; 15. Photograph of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 16. Drawing of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; 17. Photograph of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 18. Drawing of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.25 mm. Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; hy: hypandrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130627/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Figs 15–18</figureCitation>
|
||
) sclerotized. Clunium simple. Epiproct and paraproct bearing setae; hypandrium simple; phallosome not visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF44FA7273BEC9D9" blockId="2.[151,1437,1349,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Measurements (in micron). Body length 2.28 (measure from frons to terminalia); f1=0.4, f2=0.55, f3=0.48; forewing length 2.50, width 0.63; hindwing length 2.00, width 0.58; ft1=
|
||
<quantity id="DE109B74FFF1FFE7FB83FA4D7535C9FA" box="[1024,1109,1457,1484]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" unit="ft" value="0.2">0.20 ft</quantity>
|
||
2=0.05, ft3=0.07; mt1=0.20, mt2=0.07, mt3=0.08; ht1=0.50, ht2=0.09, ht3=0.07.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF44FA0570CBCA01" blockId="2.[151,1437,1349,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF1FFE7FF44FA05707ECA25" bold="true" box="[199,286,1529,1555]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FEAFFA0570CECA22" box="[300,430,1529,1556]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–25" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[238,1350,181,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[238,1350,181,1535]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–25. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., female. 19. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 20. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23004, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 21. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 22. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 23. Photograph of terminalia, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 24. Photograph of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 25. Drawing of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; ev: external valve; dv: dorsal valve; vv: ventral valve." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130629/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Figs 19–25</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FD89FA0573E8CA25" box="[522,648,1529,1555]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–25" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[238,1350,181,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[238,1350,181,1535]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–25. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., female. 19. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 20. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23004, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 21. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 22. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 23. Photograph of terminalia, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 24. Photograph of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 25. Drawing of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; ev: external valve; dv: dorsal valve; vv: ventral valve." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130629/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Figs 19–20</figureCitation>
|
||
) and wings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FC95FA0572F4CA25" box="[790,916,1529,1555]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–25" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[238,1350,181,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[238,1350,181,1535]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–25. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., female. 19. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 20. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23004, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 21. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 22. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 23. Photograph of terminalia, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 24. Photograph of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 25. Drawing of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; ev: external valve; dv: dorsal valve; vv: ventral valve." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130629/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Figs 21–22</figureCitation>
|
||
) similar to male. Forewing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FB4DFA05747ECA25" box="[1230,1310,1529,1555]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–25" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[238,1350,181,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[238,1350,181,1535]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–25. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., female. 19. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 20. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23004, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 21. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 22. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 23. Photograph of terminalia, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 24. Photograph of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 25. Drawing of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; ev: external valve; dv: dorsal valve; vv: ventral valve." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130629/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
) with short Sc and M two-branched.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF44F9BD75A1CA95" blockId="2.[151,1437,1349,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81D32A14FFF1FFE7FED5F9BD7081CA6A" box="[342,481,1601,1628]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–25" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[238,1350,181,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[238,1350,181,1535]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 19–25. Paramanicapsocus xingyuei sp. n., female. 19. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 20. Habitus, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23004, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 21. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 22. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 23. Photograph of terminalia, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 24. Photograph of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 25. Drawing of terminalia, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23003, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; ev: external valve; dv: dorsal valve; vv: ventral valve." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130629" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130629/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Figs 23–25</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clunium simple. Epiproct subtrapezoid. Subgenital plate simple, and strongly sclerotized; a pair of sclerotized regions on the sternum before subgenital plate. Gonapophyses visible, external valve broad and rounded with hook-like tip, dorsal valve curved, ventral valve with a sharp tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF44F9527303CB39" blockId="2.[151,1437,1349,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Measurements (in microns). Body length 2.25 (measure from frons to terminalia); f1=0.40, f2=0.36, f3=0.36; forewing length 2.58, width 0.74; hindwing length, width 0.53; ft1=0.25, ft2=0.05, ft3=0.08; mt1=0.30, mt2=0.05, mt3=0.08; ht1=0.60, ht2=0.08, ht3=0.11.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF44F8E57393CB61" blockId="2.[151,1437,1349,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF1FFE7FF44F8E570D5CB05" bold="true" box="[199,437,1817,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Examined material.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="C6538833FFF1FFE7FE3EF8E5734ACB05" box="[445,554,1817,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: male, CAU-BA-LFY-23001;
|
||
<typeStatus id="C6538833FFF1FFE7FC01F8E67292CB02" box="[898,1010,1818,1844]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: male, CAU-BA-LFY-23002; female, CAU-BA-LFY-23003; female, CAU-BA-LFY-23003.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF44F89D704CCBA9" blockId="2.[151,1437,1349,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF1FFE7FF44F89D70B6CB4D" bold="true" box="[199,470,1889,1915]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Locality and horizon.</emphasis>
|
||
Hukawng Valley,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DB2CF873FFF1FFE7FD38F89D7235CB4D" box="[699,853,1889,1915]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="61FF7601FFF1FFE7FC58F89E752ACB4A" box="[987,1098,1890,1916]" name="Myanmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Mid-Cretaceous, lowermost Cenomanian.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="51F2651AFFF1FFE7FF44F85570CECBD1" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF1FFE7FF44F85570CECBD1" blockId="2.[151,1437,1349,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF1FFE7FF44F855702ECBF5" bold="true" box="[199,334,1961,1987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is dedicated to Prof. Xingyue Liu for his support and contributions to the study of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF1FFE7FF35F8317040CBD1" authorityName="Hennig" authorityYear="1966" box="[182,288,1997,2023]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Psocodea</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="61FF7601FFF1FFE7FEE7F83170CBCBD1" box="[356,427,1997,2023]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="4D976619FFF0FFE6FF1BFA4D7247CA03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130623" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8130623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130623/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" startId="3.[152,270,1457,1481]" targetBox="[336,1252,181,1433]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF0FFE6FF1BFA4D7247CA03" blockId="3.[151,1437,1457,1590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FF1BFA4D702BC9FF" bold="true" box="[152,331,1457,1481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">FIGURES 5–11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF0FFE6FECCFA4E730CC9FF" authority="Chen & Wang & Liang, 2023" authorityName="Chen & Wang & Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[335,620,1458,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xingyuei" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FECCFA4E730CC9FF" box="[335,620,1458,1481]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Paramanicapsocus xingyuei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FDF2FA4E73C8C9FC" bold="true" box="[625,680,1458,1482]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30AF57F8FFF0FFE6FDF2FA4E73C8C9FC" box="[625,680,1458,1482]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male. 5. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 6. Head, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 7. Head, paratype, CAU-BA-LFY-23002, lateral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 8. Forewing, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 9. Nodus, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 10. In-flight wing-coupling structure, Scale bar=0.05 mm; 11. Hindwing, Scale bar=0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="51F2651AFFF0FFE1FF44F9747540CBD0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF0FFE6FF44F9747336CB60" blockId="3.[151,1437,1672,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FF44F974705BCA94" bold="true" box="[199,315,1672,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This new species belongs to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF0FFE6FD70F97472AACA97" box="[755,970,1672,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FD70F97472AACA97" box="[755,970,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Paramanicapsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the body bearing setae, the long antenna, mx4 with a group of short sensilla on the tip, part of forewing bearing dense setae, the ap cell similar to the pterostigma in shape, the in-flight wing-coupling structure brush-shaped, the 1
|
||
<superScript id="EE9D9BD9FFF0FFE6FBB4F92C7522CAE8" attach="left" box="[1079,1090,1744,1758]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">st</superScript>
|
||
tarsomere longer than 2
|
||
<superScript id="EE9D9BD9FFF0FFE6FAD6F9337405CAEB" attach="left" box="[1365,1381,1743,1757]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">nd</superScript>
|
||
plus 3
|
||
<superScript id="EE9D9BD9FFF0FFE6FF26F90F71D3CB37" attach="left" box="[165,179,1779,1793]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">rd</superScript>
|
||
tarsomeres, 1
|
||
<superScript id="EE9D9BD9FFF0FFE6FED3F908703BCB34" attach="left" box="[336,347,1780,1794]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">st</superScript>
|
||
hind tarsomere with one row of ctenidiobothria, and the seta-shaped pulvillus. This new species shares many diagnostic characteristics with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C6538833FFF0FFE6FD33F8E47380CB04" box="[688,736,1816,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF0FFE6FCC3F8E47570CB04" box="[832,1040,1816,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiantennatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FCC3F8E47570CB04" box="[832,1040,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">P. longiantennatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and can be distinguished from the latter by the hindwing M two-branched.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF0FFE1FF44F89C75D3CD53" blockId="3.[151,1437,1672,2022]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">
|
||
In this new species, females display similar body morphologies as males, except for the forewing M and the terminalia. The females have M two-branched on forewing, while the males have M three-branched. In some previous studies on the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF0FFE6FE26F854736FCBF4" authorityName="Hennig" authorityYear="1966" box="[421,527,1960,1986]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Psocodea</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Cretaceous amber, the intraspecific variations of venation were described, i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF0FFE6FF4BF83073DFCBD0" authority="Wang et al., 2019" authorityName="Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[200,703,1996,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllipsocidae" genus="Concavapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FF4BF8307091CBD0" box="[200,497,1996,2022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Concavapsocus parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D794B60FFF0FFE6FE7BF83073DFCBD0" author="Wang, R. Q. & Li, S. & Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[504,703,1996,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" pagination="104178" refId="ref3458" refString="Wang, R. Q., Li, S., Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z. (2019) New genus and species of the Psyllipsocidae (Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Cretaceous Research, 104, 104178. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2019.07.008" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FDC3F8307311CBD0" box="[576,625,1996,2022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF0FFE6FD75F83075C5CBD0" authority="Liang & Liu, 2021" authorityName="Liang & Liu" authorityYear="2021" box="[758,1189,1996,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllipsocidae" genus="Psyllipsocus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yangi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF0FFE6FD75F83072A7CBD3" box="[758,967,1996,2022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Psyllipsocus yangi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D794B60FFF0FFE6FC4CF83075C5CBD0" author="Liang, F. Y. & Liu, X. Y." box="[975,1189,1996,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" pagination="81 - 87" refId="ref2947" refString="Liang, F. Y. & Liu, X. Y. (2021) A new species of Psyllipsocus (Psocodea: Trogiomorpha: Psyllipsocidae) from the mid-Cretaceous amber of Myanmar. Zootaxa, 5072 (1), 81 - 87. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5072.1.9" type="journal article" year="2021">Liang & Liu, 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The above variations in the two species are regarded as abnormal because the venations are asymmetric on wings.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D794B60FFF7FFE1FB3FFF6B74FCCC87" author="Hakim, M. & Azar, D. & Huang, D. Y." box="[1212,1436,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" pagination="104278" refId="ref2893" refString="Hakim, M., Azar, D. & Huang, D. Y. (2020) A unique manicapsocid (Psocodea: Amphientometae) from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Cretaceous Research, 107, 104278. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2019.104278" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Hakim
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FA93FF6B7423CC87" box="[1296,1347,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described an abnormality in the venation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FD08FF47723CCCE3" box="[651,860,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiantennatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FD08FF47723CCCE3" box="[651,860,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">P. longiantennatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: one of the forewings has M two-branched instead of three in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C6538833FFF7FFE1FEC2FF2370C1CCCF" box="[321,417,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
NIGP169669. In the present study, we consider the variable forewing M to be normal in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FF14FEFF70B8CD2A" authority="Chen & Wang & Liang, 2023" authorityName="Chen & Wang & Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,472,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xingyuei" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FF14FEFF70B8CD2A" box="[151,472,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">Paramanicapsocus xingyuei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FE61FEFF7346CD2B" bold="true" box="[482,550,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30AF57F8FFF7FFE1FE61FEFF7346CD2B" box="[482,550,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
because of the symmetric venations on wings in every individual. It seems that this characteristic is sex-linked in this new species. However, we cannot confirm it is common in the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FF14FEB77033CD52" box="[151,339,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">Paramanipsocus</emphasis>
|
||
. More materials will be helpful to understand this phenomenon in the future.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4D976619FFF7FFE1FF1BF9E273DACAF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130627" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8130627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130627/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" startId="4.[152,270,1566,1590]" targetBox="[340,1248,381,1542]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF7FFE1FF1BF9E273DACAF0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1566,1734]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FF1BF9E27000CA00" bold="true" box="[152,352,1566,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">FIGURES 12–18.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FEEFF9E373F0CA00" authority="Chen & Wang & Liang, 2023" authorityName="Chen & Wang & Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[364,656,1567,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xingyuei" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FEEFF9E373F0CA00" box="[364,656,1567,1590]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">Paramanicapsocus xingyuei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FD1FF9E273BACA00" bold="true" box="[668,730,1566,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30AF57F8FFF7FFE1FD1FF9E273BACA00" box="[668,730,1566,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype, CAU-BA-LFY-23001, male. 12. Trochanters, arrow to trichobothrial fields, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 13. Tarsi, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 14. Claw, arrow to pulvillus, Scale bar=0.2 mm; 15. Photograph of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 16. Drawing of terminalia, dorsal view, Scale bar=0.25 mm; 17. Photograph of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.5 mm; 18. Drawing of terminalia, ventral view, Scale bar=0.25 mm. Cl: clunium; pp: paraproct; ep: epiproct; hy: hypandrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="19573691FFF7FFE1FF4CF8E47540CBD0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1816,2023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">
|
||
The discovery of this new species increases our knowledge of the diversity of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FB45F8E574FDCB04" box="[1222,1437,1817,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FB45F8E574FDCB04" box="[1222,1437,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">Paramanicapsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Cretaceous amber. This new species is the second species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FC0AF8C17500CB60" box="[905,1120,1853,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FC0AF8C17500CB60" box="[905,1120,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">Paramanicapsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the fifth species of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FF65F89C70FCCB4C" authorityName="Mockford" authorityYear="1967" box="[230,412,1888,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Manicapsocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Cretaceous Burmese amber.Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FC0AF89D7500CB4C" box="[905,1120,1889,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" genus="Paramanicapsocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B9CEA83FFF7FFE1FC0AF89D7500CB4C" box="[905,1120,1889,1914]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="268">Paramanicapsocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is tentatively placed into the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FF6AF87870C2CBA8" box="[233,418,1924,1950]" family="Manicapscoidae" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" rank="family">Manicapscoidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the placement of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FDF0F8787249CBA8" authorityName="Mockford" authorityYear="1967" box="[627,809,1924,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Manicapsocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Manicapsocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the phylogenetic relationship within the infraorder
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE84D12FFF7FFE1FF14F8547038CBF4" authorityName="Pearman" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,344,1960,1986]" class="Insecta" infraOrder="Amphientometae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="infraOrder">Amphientometae</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain controversial up to now. Future studies with more materials, including extinct and extant electrentomoids, will be helpful to better understand and resolve these problems.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |