treatments-xml/data/86/32/84/8632842AFF9F1D14A624FA97FDB5F9BB.xml

<document id="99F7BBFDDEE403C0EB4894747009EF5C" ID-CLB-Dataset="51374" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.156789" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49eb0094-f3f4-4741-9a8d-88af88ca478a" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="156789" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459583253783" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Solís, Ángel &amp; Kohlmann, Bert" docDate="2003" docId="8632842AFF9F1D14A624FA97FDB5F9BB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00139.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 139" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Onthophagus xiphias Solis &amp; Kohlmann, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="7A0BFC52FF9C1D1CA72CFF9EFFF7FFE5" masterDocTitle="New species of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Costa Rica and Panama" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698202942371" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BB779A29ECA803DB061921A880EF899B">New species of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from Costa Rica and Panama</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="A9BEC8966A3926A845E50073F12E0E45">Solís, Ángel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E57B598A37FFCEAC3DCA97ED47FAC1F5">Kohlmann, Bert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1C4C6E3F336C0852BA8A39273E948E79">2003</mods:date>
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<treatment id="8632842AFF9F1D14A624FA97FDB5F9BB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6274460" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119330981" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6274460" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8632842AFF9F1D14A624FA97FDB5F9BB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8632842AFF9F1D14A624FA97FDB5F9BB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection id="468166B7FF9F1D1FA624FA97FC04FAC6" box="[264,1011,1289,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9F1D1FA624FA97FC04FAC6" blockId="3.[264,1011,1289,1315]" box="[264,1011,1289,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="556C8250FF9F1D1FA624FA97FC04FAC6" bold="true" box="[264,1011,1289,1315]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9F1D1FA624FA97FC04FAC6" bold="true" box="[264,1011,1289,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF9F1D1FA624FA97FD0BFAC6" ID-CoL="7XP7H" authority="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" authorityName="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" box="[264,764,1289,1315]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9F1D1FA624FA97FDFBFAC6" bold="true" box="[264,524,1289,1315]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Onthophagus xiphias</emphasis>
Solís &amp; Kohlmann
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27DC5455FF9F1D1FA425FA97FC90FAC6" box="[777,871,1289,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="96A029B9FF9F1D1FA45AFA97FC1DFAC6" box="[886,1002,1289,1315]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="6.[264,368,1815,1839]" captionStartId-1="7.[808,912,543,567]" captionTargetBox-0="[298,1282,332,1786]" captionTargetBox-1="[276,800,322,652]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[293,1295,326,1791]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[270,806,319,657]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Dorsal habitus of Onthophagus xiphias Solís &amp; Kohlmann, sp. nov. (holotype)." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Fronto­lateral view of Onthophagus xiphias Solís &amp; Kohlmann, sp. nov. (holotype)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168692/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/156793/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 3­4</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="468166B7FF9F1D1FA624FAC7FC60FA95" box="[264,919,1369,1392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9F1D1FA624FAC7FC60FA95" blockId="3.[264,919,1369,1392]" box="[264,919,1369,1392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF9F1D1FA624FAC7FD1BFA95" ID-CoL="7XP22" authority="Howden &amp; Gill, 1993" authorityName="Howden &amp; Gill" authorityYear="1993" box="[264,748,1369,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9F1D1FA624FAC7FE0AFA95" box="[264,509,1369,1392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Onthophagus quetzalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6A0A48CDFF9F1D1FA528FAC7FD1BFA95" author="Howden" box="[516,748,1369,1392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" refString="Howden, H. F. &amp; Gill, B. D. (1993) Mesoamerican Onthophagus Latreille in the dicranius and mirabilis species groups (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 125, 1091 - 1114." type="journal article" year="1993">Howden &amp; Gill, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9F1D1FA5D0FAC7FCBBFA95" box="[764,844,1369,1392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">in part)</emphasis>
: 1101.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="468166B7FF9F1D1FA624FA3DFC96F9BB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9F1D1FA624FA3DFC96F9BB" blockId="3.[264,1325,1443,1830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9F1D1FA624FA3DFE7FFA58" bold="true" box="[264,392,1443,1469]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is distinguished by the following combination of characters: pronotal surface without setae; body colour uniformly reddish­brown; meso­and metafemora yellow in their central part; profemur brown; elytral surface with setae; functional wings; clypeal horn long with a thin base and forked distally; pronotal horn long, grooved dorsally and ventrally, ending in a thin rounded tip.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="468166B7FF9F1D1BA614F9F5FC05FADD" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9F1D1FA614F9F5FAD2F94B" blockId="3.[264,1325,1443,1830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9F1D1FA614F9F5FD57F960" bold="true" box="[312,672,1643,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Description. 
<typeStatus id="D1208B9EFF9F1D1FA6FBF9F5FDBCF960" box="[471,587,1643,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. Male:
</emphasis>
Length 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9F1D1FA42DF9F2FCA9F963" box="[769,862,1644,1670]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="6.1">6.1 mm</quantity>
. Humeral width: 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9F1D1FA305F9F2FB70F963" box="[1065,1159,1644,1670]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
. Body coloration is reddish­brown, more so in the pronotum, the meso­ and metafemora are yellowish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9F1D1FA614F922FE7CF8C3" blockId="3.[264,1325,1443,1830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The head presents a clypeal horn, slender at its base but broadening and forking toward the apex. The frontal area of the head is smooth, with punctures toward the base; eyes small.</paragraph>
<caption id="5AE465B4FF981D18A624F893FB3EF8C1" box="[264,1225,1805,1829]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168690/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[300,1291,334,1765]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF981D18A624F893FB3EF8C1" blockId="4.[264,1225,1805,1829]" box="[264,1225,1805,1829]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF981D18A624F893FE7DF8C0" bold="true" box="[264,394,1805,1829]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus of 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF981D18A57CF890FC2BF8C1" authority="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" authorityName="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" box="[592,988,1805,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridentatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF981D18A57CF890FCE4F8C0" box="[592,787,1806,1829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Copris tridentatus</emphasis>
Solís &amp; Kohlmann
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF981D18A4C2F893FBB2F8C0" bold="true" box="[1006,1093,1805,1829]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27DC5455FF981D18A4C2F893FBB2F8C0" box="[1006,1093,1805,1829]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(holotype).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="5AE465B4FF991D19A624F8D0FB07F883" box="[264,1264,1870,1894]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168691/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[339,1251,320,1854]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF991D19A624F8D0FB07F883" blockId="5.[264,1264,1870,1894]" box="[264,1264,1870,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF991D19A624F8D0FE7DF883" bold="true" box="[264,394,1870,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus of 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF991D19A57CF8D1FBFDF883" authority="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" authorityName="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" box="[592,1034,1871,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="notiodes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF991D19A57CF8D1FCB7F883" box="[592,832,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Onthophagus notiodes</emphasis>
Solís &amp; Kohlmann
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27DC5455FF991D19A330F8D0FB84F883" box="[1052,1139,1870,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF991D19A330F8D0FB84F883" bold="true" box="[1052,1139,1870,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="5AE465B4FF9A1D1AA624F889FB14F8CB" box="[264,1251,1815,1839]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168692/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[298,1282,332,1786]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9A1D1AA624F889FB14F8CB" blockId="6.[264,1251,1815,1839]" box="[264,1251,1815,1839]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9A1D1AA624F889FE7DF8CA" bold="true" box="[264,394,1815,1839]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus of 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF9A1D1AA57CF886FC0AF8CB" authority="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" authorityName="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" box="[592,1021,1815,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9A1D1AA57CF886FCC4F8CA" box="[592,819,1816,1839]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Onthophagus xiphias</emphasis>
Solís &amp; Kohlmann
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9A1D1AA323F889FB92F8CA" bold="true" box="[1039,1125,1815,1839]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27DC5455FF9A1D1AA323F889FB92F8CA" box="[1039,1125,1815,1839]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(holotype).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="5AE465B4FF9B1D1BA404FD81FC91FD64" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156793/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[276,800,322,652]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9B1D1BA404FD81FC91FD64" blockId="7.[808,1314,543,641]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA404FD81FC5AFDD2" bold="true" box="[808,941,543,567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Fronto­lateral view of 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF9B1D1BA382FDBEFB84FDB9" authority="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" authorityName="Solis &amp; Kohlmann" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA382FDBEFC56FDB9" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Onthophagus xiphias</emphasis>
Solís &amp; Kohlmann
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27DC5455FF9B1D1BA352FDDBFB24FDB9" box="[1150,1235,581,605]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA352FDDBFB3BFDB8" bold="true" box="[1150,1228,581,605]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9B1D1BA614FD58FE4FFCD5" blockId="7.[264,1324,710,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">The pronotum has a long and slender horn grooved dorsally and ventrally at its base and ends in a rounded tip. Pronotal surface slightly shagreened and covered with umbilicate punctures.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9B1D1BA614FCA0FE09FC4D" blockId="7.[264,1324,710,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Elytra with eight distinct striae, each with umbilicate punctation, intervals broad and slightly convex, with regular and coarse punctation. Elytral apices and epipleural stria with short and erect setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9B1D1BA614FC28FEBCFC1D" blockId="7.[264,1324,710,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pygidium slightly shagreened, with umbilical punctures bearing short, stiff and erect setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9B1D1BA614FB98FB15FBAD" blockId="7.[264,1324,710,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Protibiae long and slender, with tarsi present and four external teeth. Meso­ and metatibiae dilated toward the apex. First metatarsus long and almost rectangular in shape.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9B1D1BA614FBCBFDF0FB0D" blockId="7.[264,1324,710,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA614FBCBFDEDFB8A" bold="true" box="[312,538,1109,1135]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Allotype. Female:</emphasis>
Length 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA5ABFBC8FD1DFB95" box="[647,746,1110,1136]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
. Humeral width: 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA4EAFBC8FBDEFB95" box="[966,1065,1110,1136]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
. Similar to male but unarmed, with a transversal carina at the middle of the head and the anterior border of the clypeus shows two well developed teeth separated by a “v” notch. Protibiae broader and shorter than the male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9B1D1BA614FB6BFC05FADD" blockId="7.[264,1324,710,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA614FB6BFE45FAEA" bold="true" box="[312,434,1269,1295]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Variation.</emphasis>
Length 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA531FB68FD5BFAF5" box="[541,684,1270,1296]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="5.9" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="5.2">5.2­6.6 mm</quantity>
. Humeral width: 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA4ACFB68FBFBFAF5" box="[896,1036,1270,1296]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="3.3499999999999996" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.9">2.9­3.8 mm</quantity>
. Sometimes the meso­ and metafemora are not yellow, but brown in their central parts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="468166B7FF9B1D14A614FADBFC56FEBB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF9B1D1BA614FADBFD6EF88D" blockId="7.[264,1324,710,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA614FADBFDDAFABA" bold="true" box="[312,557,1349,1375]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Examined material</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA56FFAD8FD0CFA85" box="[579,763,1350,1376]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">101 specimens</specimenCount>
). 
<typeStatus id="D1208B9EFF9B1D1BA438FADBFC71FABA" box="[788,902,1349,1375]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA438FADBFC71FABA" bold="true" box="[788,902,1349,1375]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
, male: 
<collectingCountry id="768C75ACFF9B1D1BA4CBFAD8FB90FA85" box="[999,1127,1350,1376]" name="Panama" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
. Chiriquí, Prov. Hornito, Finca la 
<collectingCountry id="768C75ACFF9B1D1BA6F9FAF0FDEEFA6D" box="[469,537,1390,1416]" name="Switzerland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Suiza</collectingCountry>
, 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA509FAF0FD77FA6D" box="[549,640,1390,1416]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="1220.0">1220 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA5A7FAF0FCF0FA6D" box="[651,775,1390,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-05-31">31.V.2000</date>
. H. &amp; A. Howden, FIT. 
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA333FAF3FB7EFA62" bold="true" box="[1055,1161,1389,1415]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Allotype</emphasis>
, female: 
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA3DAFAF0FAD3FA62" box="[1270,1316,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ibid</emphasis>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA624FA08FE74FA55" box="[264,387,1430,1456]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-06-02">2.VI.2000</date>
. 
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF9B1D1BA6B6FA0BFDE8FA4A" bold="true" box="[410,543,1429,1455]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<typeStatus id="D1208B9EFF9B1D1BA6B6FA0BFDEDFA4A" box="[410,538,1429,1455]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="768C75ACFF9B1D1BA504FA08FD5EFA55" box="[552,681,1430,1456]" name="Panama" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
. Chiriquí, Hornito, Finca La 
<collectingCountry id="768C75ACFF9B1D1BA325FA08FBBAFA55" box="[1033,1101,1430,1456]" name="Switzerland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Suiza</collectingCountry>
, 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA377FA08FB4EFA55" box="[1115,1209,1430,1456]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="1220.0">1220 m</quantity>
, H. &amp; A. Howden, FIT, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA69EFA20FDCCFA3D" box="[434,571,1470,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA56AFA20FD37FA3D" box="[582,704,1470,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-05-28">28.V.2000</date>
, 
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, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA440FA20FC11FA3D" box="[876,998,1470,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-05-29">29.V.2000</date>
, 
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, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA3BEFA20FAD2FA3D" box="[1170,1317,1470,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA624FA78FE74F9E5" box="[264,387,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-05-30">30.V.2000</date>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA6BFFA78FDFAF9E5" box="[403,525,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-05-31">31.V.2000</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA532FA78FD33F9E5" box="[542,708,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA5F8FA78FCBAF9E5" box="[724,845,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-06-01">1.VI.2000</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA472FA78FC02F9E5" box="[862,1013,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA329FA78FB89F9E5" box="[1029,1150,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-06-02">2.VI.2000</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA3A3FA78FAD1F9E5" box="[1167,1318,1510,1536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA624F990FE76F9CD" box="[264,385,1550,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-06-03">3.VI.2000</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA6A1F990FDD7F9CD" box="[397,544,1550,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA51FF990FD5BF9CD" box="[563,684,1550,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-06-04">4.VI.2000</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA594F990FCAEF9CD" box="[696,857,1550,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA448F990FC29F9CD" box="[868,990,1550,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-06-05">5.VI.2000</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA4C6F990FB8AF9CD" box="[1002,1149,1550,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA3A4F990FAF5F9CD" box="[1160,1282,1550,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-06-06">6.VI.2000</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA222F990FE71F9B5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
; Finca La 
<collectingCountry id="768C75ACFF9B1D1BA523F9A8FDA4F9B5" box="[527,595,1590,1616]" name="Switzerland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Suiza</collectingCountry>
, 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA548F9A8FD45F9B5" box="[612,690,1590,1616]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
N Gualaca, 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA478F9A8FC42F9B5" box="[852,949,1590,1616]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="1350.0">1350 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA4E9F9A8FB83F9B5" box="[965,1140,1590,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-06-10" valueMax="1995-06-13" valueMin="1995-06-10">10­13.VI.1995</date>
, J. Ashe &amp; R. Brooks, FIT, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA683F9C0FDCAF99D" box="[431,573,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA562F9C0FD18F99D" box="[590,751,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-05-22" valueMax="1995-05-24" valueMin="1995-05-22">22­24.V.1995</date>
, J.S. &amp; A.K. Ashe, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA4DFF9C0FB77F99D" box="[1011,1152,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
, 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA3BDF9C0FB04F99D" box="[1169,1267,1630,1656]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="1350.0">1350 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA228F9C0FE66F945" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-06-10" valueMax="1995-06-13" valueMin="1995-06-10">10­ 13.VI.1995</date>
. J. Ashe &amp; R. Brooks, ex: f.i.t.(196). 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA45BF918FBF4F945" box="[887,1027,1670,1696]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
; 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA33FF918FBA4F945" box="[1043,1107,1670,1696]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
NW Hornitos, 
<geoCoordinate id="6BAF53FBFF9B1D1BA238F918FEA8F92D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="92" value="8.658334">N 8°39.5’</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="6BAF53FBFF9B1D1BA644F930FE03F92D" box="[360,500,1710,1736]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="92" value="-82.205">W 82°12.3’</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA52EF930FD49F92D" box="[514,702,1710,1736]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-05-24" valueMax="2000-06-06" valueMin="2000-05-24">24.V­6.VI.2000</date>
, 1250 m, B. &amp; J. Gill, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA4FCF930FB92F92D" box="[976,1125,1710,1736]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
; Finca La 
<collectingCountry id="768C75ACFF9B1D1BA3CEF930FAD0F92D" box="[1250,1319,1710,1736]" name="Switzerland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Suiza</collectingCountry>
; 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA624F948FEACF915" box="[264,347,1750,1776]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="5.3">5.3 km</quantity>
N Los Planes, 
<geoCoordinate id="6BAF53FBFF9B1D1BA53EF948FD87F915" box="[530,624,1750,1776]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="8.65">N 8º39’</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="6BAF53FBFF9B1D1BA552F948FD05F915" box="[638,754,1750,1776]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="-82.2">W 82º12’</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA42AF948FC47F915" box="[774,944,1750,1776]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-05-26" valueMax="1995-05-30" valueMin="1995-05-26">V­26­30­1995</date>
, elev. 4500’. B. Ratcliffe &amp; M. Jameson, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA657F960FDF9F8FD" box="[379,526,1790,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="6BAF53FBFF9B1D1BA535F960FD82F8FD" box="[537,629,1790,1816]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="8.65">N 8º39’</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="6BAF53FBFF9B1D1BA5ADF960FD04F8FD" box="[641,755,1790,1816]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="-82.2">W 82º12’</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA42BF960FC33F8FD" box="[775,964,1790,1816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1994-07-10" valueMax="1994-07-13" valueMin="1994-07-10">VII­10­13­1994</date>
, elev. 4500’. B. &amp; I. Ratcliffe, M. Jameson, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA68AF8B8FDC7F8A5" box="[422,560,1830,1856]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
; Hartmann Finca, 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA427F8B8FCA1F8A5" box="[779,854,1830,1856]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
NW H[ato el] Volcan, 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF9B1D1BA345F8B8FB31F8A5" box="[1129,1222,1830,1856]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
, S.Peck, 
<date id="7A2513FCFF9B1D1BA624F8D0FE74F88D" box="[264,387,1870,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1975-05-25">25.V.1975</date>
, dung trap, 
<specimenCount id="189DFEB5FF9B1D1BA521F8D0FD61F88D" box="[525,662,1870,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF941D14A614FE85FC56FEBB" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A614FE85FE68FED0" bold="true" box="[312,415,283,309]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Habitat.</emphasis>
The species was collected with flight interception and dung traps inside cloud forest at altitudes varying from 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF941D14A5EFFEDAFCEBFEBB" box="[707,796,324,350]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1220.0">1220 m</quantity>
to 
<quantity id="C96398D9FF941D14A46DFEDAFC6AFEBB" box="[833,925,324,350]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="468166B7FF941D14A614FEF5FE18FA03" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF941D14A614FEF5FB63FE4B" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A614FEF5FD72FE60" bold="true" box="[312,645,363,389]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
The species is known so far from the Pacific slope of the Chiriquí Volcano and probably occurs in the Talamanca Range in 
<collectingCountry id="768C75ACFF941D14A320FE0AFB67FE4B" box="[1036,1168,404,430]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF941D14A614FE25FBBEFD93" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A614FE25FDAFFE30" bold="true" box="[312,600,443,469]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Chorological affinities.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A54FFE22FC96FE30" box="[611,865,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A54FFE22FC96FE30" box="[611,865,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Onthophagus xiphias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is widely separated from the known range of its closest relative, 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A577FE7AFD1DFE18" box="[603,746,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A577FE7AFD1DFE18" box="[603,746,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is distributed in the Central, Tilarán and Guanacaste Cordilleras at similar altitudes (
<quantity id="C96398D9FF941D14A421FD92FC59FDC3" box="[781,942,524,550]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1375.0" valueMax="1750.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000­1750 m</quantity>
) in relation to this new species. The other related species, 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A56FFDAAFD0CFDA8" box="[579,763,564,589]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inediapterus">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A56FFDAAFD0CFDA8" box="[579,763,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. inediapterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is known from the Talamanca Range, but has been collected at higher altitudes (
<quantity id="C96398D9FF941D14A5B6FDC2FCCEFD93" box="[666,825,604,630]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1725.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1650.0">1650­1800 m</quantity>
) than this new species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF941D14A614FD1DFCA0FCF3" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A614FD1DFD85FD78" bold="true" box="[312,626,643,669]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Taxonomic relationships.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A557FD1AFC80FD78" box="[635,887,644,669]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A557FD1AFC80FD78" box="[635,887,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Onthophagus xiphias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is postulated to be the sister species of 
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A605FD32FE48FD20" box="[297,447,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A605FD32FE4CFD20" box="[297,443,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">O. quetzalis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
This species­pair represents another geographic and phylogenetic dichotomy between the Talamanca Range and the Central, Tilarán and Guanacaste Ranges as has been already noted in 
<bibRefCitation id="6A0A48CDFF941D14A527FD62FCA3FCF3" author="Kohlmann" box="[523,852,764,790]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Kohlmann, B. &amp; A. Solis, A. (2001) El genero Onthophagus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) en Costa Rica. Giornale Italiano di Entomologia, 9, 159 - 261." type="journal article" year="2001">Kohlmann and Solís (2001)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF941D14A614FCBAFEBEFB13" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A614FCBAFE44FCD8" box="[312,435,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A614FCBAFE44FCD8" box="[312,435,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. xiphias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will key to 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A56BFCBAFD23FCD8" box="[583,724,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A56BFCBAFD23FCD8" box="[583,724,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="6A0A48CDFF941D14A5D2FCBAFBBAFCDB" author="Kohlmann" box="[766,1101,804,830]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Kohlmann, B. &amp; A. Solis, A. (2001) El genero Onthophagus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) en Costa Rica. Giornale Italiano di Entomologia, 9, 159 - 261." type="journal article" year="2001">Kohlmann and Solís (2001)</bibRefCitation>
. It is easily distinguished by its much longer clypeal horn, thinner at its base and with a strongly forked distal end, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A6E0FCEAFDA0FC68" box="[460,599,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A6E0FCEAFDA0FC68" box="[460,599,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a short clypeal horn, thicker at its base and weakly forked distally. Moreover, 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A6DEFC02FD99FC50" box="[498,622,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A6DEFC02FD99FC50" box="[498,622,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. xiphias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a very long pronotal horn, grooved dorsally and ventrally and finishing in a thin rounded tip. On the contrary 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A494FC5AFBB1FC38" box="[952,1094,964,989]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A494FC5AFBB1FC38" box="[952,1094,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a shorter horn, grooved only dorsally and finishing in a cannula. 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A47FFC72FC3BFBE0" box="[851,972,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A47FFC72FC3BFBE0" box="[851,972,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. xiphias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has sparse pilosity at the elytral apex; whereas 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A6DDFB8AFD76FBC8" box="[497,641,1044,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A6DDFB8AFDF1FBC8" box="[497,518,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A535FB8AFD76FBC8" box="[537,641,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is densely pilose in this area. 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A4D3FB8AFB8BFBC8" box="[1023,1148,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A4D3FB8AFB8BFBC8" box="[1023,1148,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. xiphias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a slightly shagreened pygidium with short setae; 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A5C3FBA2FC76FBB0" box="[751,897,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A5C3FBA2FC76FBB0" box="[751,897,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has on the contrary a shagreened pygidium with much shorter setae. 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A581FBFAFCE8FB98" box="[685,799,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A581FBFAFCE8FB98" box="[685,799,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O xiphias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has slightly shagreened abdominal sternites and the metasternal surface is covered by simple punctation; whereas 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A34BFB12FB00FB40" box="[1127,1271,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A34BFB12FB00FB40" box="[1127,1271,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shagreened abdominal sternites and the metasternal surface is covered by umbilicate punctures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF941D14A614FA9AFC87FA8B" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Females of 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A6EDFA9AFDCCFAF8" box="[449,571,1284,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A6EDFA9AFDCCFAF8" box="[449,571,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. xiphias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are separated from 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A409FA9AFC46FAF8" box="[805,945,1284,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A409FA9AFC46FAF8" box="[805,945,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
using head characters. The first species has a more rounded head and a distinct cephalic carina, whereas the second species has a more pointed head and a weak cephalic carina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF941D14A614FAE2FE18FA03" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
One specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A539FAE2FCD0FA70" box="[533,807,1404,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quetzalis">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A539FAE2FCD0FA70" box="[533,807,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Onthophagus quetzalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had been reported from Hartmann Finca, Chiriquí Prov., 
<collectingCountry id="768C75ACFF941D14A693FA3AFDEBFA5B" box="[447,540,1444,1470]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Panama</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6A0A48CDFF941D14A500FA3AFCBEFA5B" author="Howden" box="[556,841,1444,1470]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Howden, H. F. &amp; Gill, B. D. (1993) Mesoamerican Onthophagus Latreille in the dicranius and mirabilis species groups (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 125, 1091 - 1114." type="journal article" year="1993">Howden and Gill, 1993</bibRefCitation>
). This specimen belongs to the new species here described.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="468166B7FF941D14A614FA6DFDB5F9BB" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0E24353CFF941D14A614FA6DFDB5F9BB" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A614FA6DFE32F9E8" bold="true" box="[312,453,1523,1549]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology.</emphasis>
Latinized word in apposition, taken from the Greek, 
<taxonomicName id="C99B4EBFFF941D14A371FA6AFAD3F9EB" box="[1117,1316,1524,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiphias">
<emphasis id="3CEFE92EFF941D14A371FA6AFB45F9E8" box="[1117,1202,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">xiphias</emphasis>
()
</taxonomicName>
, meaning swordfish; making reference to the long and slender pronotal horn of the developed males of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>