263 lines
27 KiB
XML
263 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297097" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9373c90-73c5-4ee4-b0f8-4c371f527d91" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905209323" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="8530683AAB7032F229A101BB7F4E3804" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Muridae.1189-1531.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Rhagamys orthodon" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" lastPageNumber="1496" masterDocId="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="1531" masterPageNumber="1189" pageNumber="1496" updateTime="1716781534040" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D786E167B5989B3901F5D5AEF5621002" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EA1157C24B29F8D49B70C3D18F451477">
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<mods:title id="912B2F61F07730FCC576F6BF6D2B282E">Order Rodentia - Family Muridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="CDE1A74216F04DAE425541074F0F2C86">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="952A94A2CC9238E6B984D9DC84D98D57" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="961E3D050EA040EAB6A7288A803A4FA2">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="416D39552F1F8C5C2CE9AFB7990B8C5D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="EAB5CECC6F91CE1B0F478F10A9BAA03C">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="CFF30B40662EF8F401640861E917FA60">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="5DB3AA4A6D085EFB000D5D7A3202052A">
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<mods:placeTerm id="3C684B5242262359EB13B473ED0C6CAE">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="51588688A368820EBDD85B2C448F71F2">
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<mods:title id="03CB4F627398F882FB84BBDA1B88E013">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="83405918AEA8CD4690FF3CEABDB0E982">
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<mods:extent id="5822FB5E6D8806F462D90A7CD6E4CA73" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="8B88F79F0F5F2E67B4508DF92949DDD8">1189</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="DE10697CDB12CCB93418A6844AA86A6E">1531</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="D8DD1F58115A71B3C29B8B4E6AFDCDB4">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FF39921A74E733B0F4BE9F02C739D2DC" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0A7AB58CC3410614ED8161DDF49FF40C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316535</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="8530683AAB7032F229A101BB7F4E3804" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231539852" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8530683AAB7032F229A101BB7F4E3804" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8530683AAB7032F229A101BB7F4E3804" lastPageNumber="1496" pageNumber="1496" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13001798">
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<subSubSection id="44F41762D761E86601E58E9306777F4C" pageNumber="1496" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1055FBD178761BB31A5B1170C306E49A" pageNumber="1496">
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<taxonomicName id="C61F258FFF33CD65F6002E792EAAF123" ID-CoL="4RYF5" authority="(Hensel 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1496" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon">
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<emphasis id="D96025DFA51C51EF830B561F4BD7B8F4" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagamys orthodon</emphasis>
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(Hensel 1856)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABD90D03403080149D6B328249FA2404" pageNumber="1496" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="08F42DE4747DDBD156600BE1F44DF605" pageNumber="1496">
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<treatmentCitation id="40C3313FAA51ED8F2F6F261B062ADC69" author="Hensel" authority="Hensel 1856" authorityName="Hensel" authorityYear="1856" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagomys" journal="Z. Dtsch. Geol. Ges." kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="281" pageNumber="1496" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon" title="Rhagomys orthodon" year="1856">
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<taxonomicName id="B3EC9DA5C7567F1862935D4EF881D010" authority="Hensel 1856" authorityName="Hensel" authorityYear="1856" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1496" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon">
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<emphasis id="743CBAE42E8295818B470CD22AC9CF46" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">[Rhagomys] orthodon</emphasis>
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Hensel 1856
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="5815938B4008E91E7F233DF4033ABD48" author="Hensel" journal="Z. Dtsch. Geol. Ges." pageNumber="1496" pagination="281" title="Rhagomys orthodon" year="1856">Z. Dtsch. Geol. Ges.: 281</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C0D11520C3983F5CDDA46FFC0BBB468C" pageNumber="1496" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="99E76879E528BCDA8FB1CF513CE55403" pageNumber="1496">
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<emphasis id="F5B028EE809578C926421FE8B22040FE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1496">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="1D88A33AB5C525163292DEEA5A743499" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867324955" country="France" pageNumber="1496">
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Unknown (see
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<bibRefCitation id="8B986A0EC6F585EF532B4D7770A786C9" author="Alcover, J. A. & X. Campillo & M. Macias & A. Sans" refId="ref4048" refString="Alcover, J. A., X. Campillo, M. Macias, and A. Sans. 1998. Mammal Species of the World: Additional data on insular mammals. American Museum Novitates, 3248: 1 - 29." year="1998">Alcover et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
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), presumably from somewhere on either
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<collectingCountry id="EF687513F531956E768A21B14CDEF0EC" name="France">Corsica</collectingCountry>
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or Sardinia.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5FABE08D88552AB0A487F57E7BC6F668" pageNumber="1496" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="92D3496EFE2E669E568598E5100C3CD4" pageNumber="1496">
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<emphasis id="7800B7687AA2D1E2E2247391B23524B5" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1496">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="1AE7FF9365FDE362157159EC06C61B06" language="eng" pageNumber="1496">Tyrrhenian Field Rat</vernacularName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11E25B7A8BA36851E4B49CE14A6D02D2" pageNumber="1496" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="067998FEFB1DE4D380EC836FF717CAB1" pageNumber="1496">
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<emphasis id="3FC9A51EA2BD4BD74F6993D43E39F667" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1496">Distribution:</emphasis>
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Recorded only from
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<collectingCountry id="7146AE768068BE0D53424040280C2F3E" name="France">Corsica</collectingCountry>
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and Sardinia (
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<bibRefCitation id="6A1F82D18D4E5CD5976C257447B75D9F" author="Kotsakis, T." refId="ref195351" refString="Kotsakis, T. 1980. Osservazioni sui vertebrati Quaternari della Sardegna. Bolletino della Societa Geologica Italiana, 99: 151 - 165." year="1980">Kotsakis, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="645B05A2235120B07508CCA62FEF0600" author="Caloi, L. & T. Kotsakis & M. R. Palombo" refId="ref49830" refString="Caloi, L., T. Kotsakis, and M. R. Palombo. 1986. La fauna a vertebrati terrestri del Pleistocene delle isole del Mediterraneo. Geologica Romania, 25 (6): 235 - 256." year="1986">Caloi et al., 1986</bibRefCitation>
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; Martín Suárez and Mein, 1998;
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<bibRefCitation id="BC63825A327A1B5FE99033A517DCDE43" author="Alcover, J. A. & X. Campillo & M. Macias & A. Sans" refId="ref4048" refString="Alcover, J. A., X. Campillo, M. Macias, and A. Sans. 1998. Mammal Species of the World: Additional data on insular mammals. American Museum Novitates, 3248: 1 - 29." year="1998">Alcover et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
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; Pereira et al., 2001).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0065D8CF4CB5025ADB481C126D5DDA91" pageNumber="1496" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="69826A5721C9AF997DB3D8E1302F6964" pageNumber="1496">
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<emphasis id="3D7C88C856F650E2661DB154098D78EE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1496">Conservation:</emphasis>
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Extinct.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4C08F28C35B964FDDFF23CB44B565C61" pageNumber="1496" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8AA44B2B40D0C8752F5D2F6C4B0A834A" pageNumber="1496">
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<emphasis id="DC1D0FB7D19D092C2329DAFD8F6792D2" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1496">Discussion:</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="5231CC802C898CF285E5A455399A165B" pageNumber="1496">
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An extinct insular species that was large in body size (up to
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<quantity id="D5B978C46E7E55FC1BE43A9DBB63116B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" unit="g" value="50.0">50 grams</quantity>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="66CEF2B5E1596162D5BE7370CC7E2EC9" author="Libois, R. & R. Fons & D. Bordenave" refId="ref211903" refString="Libois, R., R. Fons, and D. Bordenave. 1993. Mediterranean small mammals and insular syndrome: Biometrical study of the long-tailed field mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) (Rodentia-Muridae) of Corsica. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 44 (3 - 4): 147 - 163." year="1993">Libois et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
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) compared with its continental ancestors, and with bulky, high-crowned molars. Represented only by fossils recovered from late Pleistocene to Holocene sediments (
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<bibRefCitation id="7AF833E377B23D531EEA78FDC4F8F4B7" author="Sondaar, P. Y. & P. L. de Boer & M. Sanges & T. Kotsakis & D. Esu" refId="ref335406" refString="Sondaar, P. Y., P. L. de Boer, M. Sanges, T. Kotsakis, and D. Esu. 1984. First report on a Paleolithic culture in Sardinia. Pp. 29 - 47, in The Deya conference of prehistory. Early settlement in the western Mediterranean Islands and the peripheral areas (W. H. Waldren, R. Chapman, J. Lewthwaite, and R. - C. Kennard, eds.). B. A. R. International Series 229, Oxford, 1399 pp." year="1984">Sondaar et al., 1984</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="ACBAA631F96552FE2D624ACE2ED93264" author="Sondaar, P. Y." refId="ref335379" refString="Sondaar, P. Y. 2000. Early human exploration and exploitation of islands. Tropics, 10 (1): 203 - 230." year="2000">Sondaar, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8D950C7A6166A4A514E4B2D6D892A1E0" author="Amori, G." refId="ref7489" refString="Amori, G. 1993. Italian insectivores and rodents: Extinctions and current status. Supplemento alle Ricerche di biologia della selvaggina, 21: 115 - 134." year="1993">Amori, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="43B0904D30718290689D564205C61734" author="Vigne, J. - D." refId="ref372420" refString="Vigne, J. - D. 1988. Les Mammiferes post-glaciaires de Corse. Etude Archeozoologique (26 e supplement a Gallia Prehistoire). Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, 337 pp." year="1988">Vigne, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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; Pereira et al., 2001). A smaller species,
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<taxonomicName id="8CAAF5666A3F08D2D1FB8A9957458E4E" authorityName="Hatt" authorityYear="1934" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Praomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="44AB2208B50AE432ECB6B2FFFAB87614" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, known by fossils from early and middle Pleistocene deposits on both islands, was described as a species of
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<taxonomicName id="1205DAAC2E92270CF8BAF0071CAB1081" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F1853A529C3406CCFE9D23107C855B65" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagamys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2DC2E51561B20BB8742BE42F863923" author="Brandy, L. D." refId="ref40195" refString="Brandy, L. D. 1978. Donnees nouvelles sur l'evolution du Rongeur endemique fossile corso-sarde Rhagamys F. Major (1905) (Mammalia, Rodentia). Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, 20 (6): 831 - 835." year="1978">Brandy, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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; Pereira et al., 2001;
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<bibRefCitation id="E6BD8E678F41C659F97AD14D30B57896" author="Sondaar, P. Y." refId="ref335379" refString="Sondaar, P. Y. 2000. Early human exploration and exploitation of islands. Tropics, 10 (1): 203 - 230." year="2000">Sondaar, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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) but later transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="57152B5C7D23E12A22AAC250D09B26F2" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1959" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagapodemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="79E28AFE1EE806B0330CB2C442CE0C46" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagapodemus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. This extinct genus dates back to late Miocene, and all the other species are represented by fossils from the Mediterranean continental mainland (Martín Suárez and Mein, 1998);
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<taxonomicName id="E02FBB75E957C57A6256C05D096A101D" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagapodemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="F7F623E02B16F8E933113C1DB0D48FDB" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagapodemus minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has never been found in late Pleistocene horizons on
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<collectingCountry id="A7D2DA98CB7C7934409508E8EA51A1BC" name="France">Corsica</collectingCountry>
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or Sardinia, the time zone during which
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<taxonomicName id="16690B0CA4FDC11F37AA7465CE68114A" baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon">
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<emphasis id="1A2554EF0DA473177C754A150C8A9FF9" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagamys orthodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is first recorded.
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<taxonomicName id="824F32CBA317283B07BF9CFB39BE8F4F" baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon">
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<emphasis id="27F829C49CE6008CA294C0220FB1845B" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagamys orthodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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coexisted with the introduced
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<taxonomicName id="A77991259EABF03F3C573BBD183C8241" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">
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<emphasis id="95AF14092DC45F8B8CD3DA1BD502F5B8" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Apodemus sylvaticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at the beginning of the third millennium but vanished at the end of the first millennium BC (
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<bibRefCitation id="34684E118B81BB4FA7CC75E865175807" author="Libois, R. & R. Fons & D. Bordenave" refId="ref211903" refString="Libois, R., R. Fons, and D. Bordenave. 1993. Mediterranean small mammals and insular syndrome: Biometrical study of the long-tailed field mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) (Rodentia-Muridae) of Corsica. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 44 (3 - 4): 147 - 163." year="1993">Libois et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="DBF1AF3E2CEE5E92443EF293CFC92585" author="Alcover, J. A. & X. Campillo & M. Macias & A. Sans" refId="ref4048" refString="Alcover, J. A., X. Campillo, M. Macias, and A. Sans. 1998. Mammal Species of the World: Additional data on insular mammals. American Museum Novitates, 3248: 1 - 29." year="1998">Alcover et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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assumed that all mammalian species living on islands during late Pleistocene and Holocene survived until the arrival of humans and, except for a small cervid on
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<collectingCountry id="4728E82E59FE91A669EA22CEB8AB0937" name="France">Corsica</collectingCountry>
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, the other "Late Pleistocene mammals co-existed for several centuries with the exotic species introduced by man, from the beginning of his colonization of the Tyrrhenian islands" (
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<bibRefCitation id="B865906C1A51F9B6EC982B8F742D4329" author="Masseti, M." refId="ref228785" refString="Masseti, M. 1993. Post-Pleistocene variations of the non-flying terrestrial mammals on some Italian islands. Supplemento alle Ricerchedi Biologia della Selvaggina, 31: 209 - 217." year="1993">Masseti, 1993:211</bibRefCitation>
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; see also
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<bibRefCitation id="6E9BCEAEEDD0FCB6314709BCAA84FB1C" author="Vigne, J. - D." refId="ref372523" refString="Vigne, J. - D. 1992. Zooarchaeology and biogeographical history of the mammals of Corsica and Sardinia since the last Ice Age. Mammal Review, 22 (2): 87 - 96." year="1992">Vigne, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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). The more than 25 species of extant mammals now found on
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<collectingCountry id="F5D809422E174085E36E1C12E6B3EE6F" name="France">Corsica</collectingCountry>
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and Sardinia represent gradual introductions by humans. However, before humans colonized the islands, about 9000 years ago (Mesolithic), the endemic fauna was unbalanced as is typical of insular assemblages and consisted of large soricids (
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<taxonomicName id="58CDD44AE60D29F81D5FAE218B3B75A1" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Episoriculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis id="5385218A83F42C5D5EE7C1CCB5F80FFF" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Episoriculus similis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on Sardinia and
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<taxonomicName id="DF79CC6948552DD293CEB5610C02AA28" baseAuthorityName="Bate" baseAuthorityYear="1944" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Episoriculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corsicanus">
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<emphasis id="D60245C8D7E1DD464B6A96B7FBFA2C61" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">E. corsicanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on
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<collectingCountry id="0276290353F58F1524C39599DD8F8708" name="France">Corsica</collectingCountry>
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), a talpid (
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<taxonomicName id="C279C77B3183D1B6C498E5C6DD0A6B04" authorityName="Bate" authorityYear="1945" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Talpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tyrrhenica">
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|
<emphasis id="6CD39241FF3397776D5F0BDD1DDA34FE" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Talpa tyrrhenica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), a fox-sized canid (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="633581EFE9A56CDD7DA2E3255785DB97" authorityName="Studiati" authorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Cynotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardous">
|
|
<emphasis id="DE1EB3D8BF02729CE9A9AE8DA101A54D" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Cynotherium sardous</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), an otter (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="18E2649FE426DEC6DE88718E129129C8" baseAuthorityName="Malatesta" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Cyrnaonyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="majori">
|
|
<emphasis id="6443AEF8512C35970596807B9BB2F3A2" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Cyrnaonyx majori</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), a small cervid (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="31437648EB85B0E36E33B6D7D1852A3D" baseAuthorityName="Depéret" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Megaloceros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cazioti">
|
|
<emphasis id="1C739F753060748E93FCCEC844389157" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Megaloceros cazioti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), a pika (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="21F56AE1846787DAB74E267E2BD81BE9" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Prolagidae" genus="Prolagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardus">
|
|
<emphasis id="AC9E343750CC3D591699169FEEF80894" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Prolagus sardus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), a vole (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="64DF59B7463DEDA84FB01B4D9036406D" baseAuthorityName="F.Major" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="henseli">
|
|
<emphasis id="679DBA3705882CF2359E578D5BB1FFAB" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Microtus henseli</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D42B15EA3CF4A46964B9858198757AA" baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon">
|
|
<emphasis id="7E91CD64F521DD87BBA46ACD385A137D" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagamys orthodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C69E125826511892DC7A461DE09A6876" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Megaloceros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="DEE53159A9E81A301872D6214E7D8B74" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Megaloceros</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was exterminated soon after human arrival, but the shrew, vole, pika and Tyrrhenian field rat coexisted with humans until between 2000 and 1000 years ago (between Roman time and Middle Ages) and disappeared sometime between the arrival of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A3069C56E5473E230C0EB41173222FDD" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rattus">
|
|
<emphasis id="346BE7257CED2A84895317F1E5F5E2F5" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rattus rattus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(during the Roman period) and the present (Vigne, 1990;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="52C3D536A0841D79F7BB2F8A5FB6A580" author="Vigne, J. - D. & M. - C. Marinval-Vigne" refId="ref372669" refString="Vigne, J. - D., and M. - C. Marinval-Vigne. 1991. Reflexions ecologiques sur le renouvellement holocene des micromammiferes en Corse: Les donnees preliminaires des fossiles du Monte di Tuda. Pp. 183 - 193, in Le rongeur et l'espace, Actes du Colloque International, Lyon, 1989 (M. Le Berre and L. Le Guelte, eds.). Raymond Chabaud, Paris, 362 pp." year="1991">Vigne and Marinval-Vigne, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BF52CDDB17CE7E6A2CE60D02DE1B97E1" author="Vigne, J. - D." refId="ref372523" refString="Vigne, J. - D. 1992. Zooarchaeology and biogeographical history of the mammals of Corsica and Sardinia since the last Ice Age. Mammal Review, 22 (2): 87 - 96." year="1992">Vigne, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The extinction of the four small mammal species "may be correlated with drastic deforestation" and "a major increase in agriculture, the effects of which were probably aggravated by the appearance of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="58FB67059DD532C5D2228F15A02FA9EA" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rattus">
|
|
<emphasis id="277E506CD4B8D58C69DC99C9865C0556" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rattus rattus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, an aggressive competitor" (see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="25E184CB4C61F351478B1DD8F329EEFA" author="Vigne, J. - D." refId="ref372523" refString="Vigne, J. - D. 1992. Zooarchaeology and biogeographical history of the mammals of Corsica and Sardinia since the last Ice Age. Mammal Review, 22 (2): 87 - 96." year="1992">Vigne, 1992:93</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, for comprehensive review and pertinent literature references).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="572313AEF32F70C0DC664D7666B8E2CA" pageNumber="1496">
|
|
Martín Suárez and Mein (1998) described molars of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2FDCF69F5E65B27328F631644EB58249" baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon">
|
|
<emphasis id="BF928085D84C6D13EDA37855890BB5BE" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagamys orthodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as large and highly derived compared with its relatives in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8B54F66481CDCF0D2FF870ABA5B31787" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1959" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagapodemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="35A2660A117C594A93015792B5E8E99E" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagapodemus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, a consequence of insular evolution. They speculated
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3F16BAB564980B5904ECC7F00C8F5EC7" baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon">
|
|
<emphasis id="6007A8DBA7CC3E0C67D4176C4A3A150A" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">R. orthodon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
possibly to have been derived from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0CCE93DA3690BD50AF2CB667D3AB121C" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1959" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagapodemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="1F4E694FC14D8D71D96F0EC30FC6E2D5" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Rhagapodemus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or even
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EE529C8C1D3C4A3B4BC38E03D5BCDD82" baseAuthorityName="Sarich" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A61135DDF4499D0586A94F7C272B167D" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">Apodemus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but lack of pertinent fossils prevents resolution of its evolutionary origin. Except for the hypsodonty exhibited by
|
|
<taxonomicName id="63431CB4FC0DC0469D3FE57ECD5A59B6" authority=", Barrett-Hamilton (1900: 422)" authorityName="Barrett-Hamilton" authorityPageNumber="422" authorityYear="1900" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhagamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orthodon">
|
|
<emphasis id="9AD998CFBD29C677F3706382605E11D4" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">R. orthodon</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E2C16CD0DD1768F01E49EB74046CC4F1" author="Barrett-Hamilton, G. E. H." refId="ref21800" refString="Barrett-Hamilton, G. E. H. 1900. On geographical and individual variation in Mus sylvaticus and its allies. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1900: 387 - 428." year="1900">Barrett-Hamilton (1900:422)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
thought its molar occlusal patterns were similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="06839BCC07119D75FF6DD11AA3F157D8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7D854BB6023DD87555747D6E3CEB6313" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">A. sylvaticus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="58C7BEEA0790356F56B60C4DC45A92DF" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agrarius">
|
|
<emphasis id="32597E3A12B176602B027B273D73EB9D" italics="true" pageNumber="1496">A. agrarius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, "and may have been a direct offshoot from a common stock."
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |