treatments-xml/data/84/EA/53/84EA53A0BC0516EF2FC6B66E6FDBA4F3.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.793.28342" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bfd85d62-3994-4c0d-8c79-5b52e5fd85c1" ID-PMC="PMC6218532" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-793-53" ID-PubMed="30405310" ID-ZBK="5478DCB4F1EE45ABBF6D313309C0CEA1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-793-53" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 793" ModsDocTitle="Anenteotermescherubimi sp. n., a tiny dehiscent termite from Central Africa (Termitidae: Apicotermitinae)" checkinTime="1540909811862" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Scheffrahn, Rudolf H. &amp; Roisin, Yves" docDate="2018" docId="84EA53A0BC0516EF2FC6B66E6FDBA4F3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 793: 53-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 793" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.793.28342" docTitle="Anenteotermes cherubimi Scheffrahn, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="12A5A940-6CDB-4B64-A710-C3B3B82CD832" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="D854B476FF81FFCCAE67FFA5F850FFE6" masterDocTitle="Anenteotermescherubimi sp. n., a tiny dehiscent termite from Central Africa (Termitidae: Apicotermitinae)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1668166351831" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Anenteotermescherubimi sp. n., a tiny dehiscent termite from Central Africa (Termitidae: Apicotermitinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Roisin, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number>793</mods:number>
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<mods:start>53</mods:start>
<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.793.28342</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.793.28342</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-793-53</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="149029487" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:12A5A940-6CDB-4B64-A710-C3B3B82CD832" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/84EA53A0BC0516EF2FC6B66E6FDBA4F3" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/12A5A940-6CDB-4B64-A710-C3B3B82CD832" authority="Scheffrahn" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi Scheffrahn</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="54">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
Holotype. Worker from colony UF no. AFR1508. University of Florida Termite Collection, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Davie, Florida. Paratypes. CAMEROON: Ebogo, slope above Nyong River (3.386, 11.466), 667 m elev., 23NOV2011, col. J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Křeček">Krecek</normalizedToken>
, AFR1282, two workers in capped plastic vial and approx. 25 workers desiccated in broken glass vial collected with 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Orthotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthotermes</taxonomicName>
sp. CAMEROON: Ebogo II (3.386, 11.682), 660 m elev., 10DEC2011, col. J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Šobotník">Sobotnik</normalizedToken>
, AFR1810, 4 workers, larvae. CONGO (Republic of): Mokabi SA (Groupe Rougier) logging concession (3.14658, 16.96377), 527 m elev., 8DEC2017, col. Y. Roisin, Accession no. CGO060, 7 male imagos and 11 workers in soil at base of tree in rainforest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
CAMEROON: Korup National Park (5.0045, 8.8635), 109 m elev., 5DEC2011, col. J. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Křeček">Krecek</normalizedToken>
, UF no. AFR1508, 53 workers collected under stone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Description of worker</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
(Figs 1-4, Table 1). Monomorphic, very small, approx. 2 mm. Head capsule yellowish, covered with approximately 100 setae of varying length (Figure 1A, B). Postclypeus moderately inflated, fontanelle indiscernible. Anterior margin of abdomen, in lateral view, raised vertically above metanotum and marked at apex by dehiscence line (Figure 2 A-C). Antennae with 13 articles; 23=4=56. Left mandible with apical and first marginal teeth well separated, long, and projecting well beyond line formed by third marginal tooth and molar prominence. A subsidiary (fourth) marginal tooth visible above molar prominence in dorsal (Figure 1C) views. Right mandible with apical tooth much longer than first marginal; third marginal nearly symmetrical. Fore-tibia moderately inflated; width:length ratio 0.32. Mesenteric tongue long and tubular forming long mixed segment (Figure 1D). P1 bridged to P3 through a broadly conical EV seating resembling a sunflower receptacle (Figure 3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
). Enteric valve cuticle consists of six cushions of unequal size (Figure 4). The largest two cushions comprise a soft basal part covered with fringed scales and 5-6 narrow spines, and bear sclerotized extensions that broaden into wing-like paddles; margins finely pectinate (40-70 compound spines per extension) and approx. a dozen more separated spines in interior of extension (Figure 4). Other cushions soft and scaly, without spines. Middle one, situated between the largest cushions, approx. half their size. Two cushions lateral to the major ones small, approx. half smaller than the middle one. Cushion opposite to the middle one approx. the same length as it, narrower. Soft cushions anchored in their seating and seating lumen filled with bacterial slime; extensions penetrate to middle of P3 lumen (Figure 3C).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
Figure 1. Worker of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. A dorsal B lateral view of head and prothorax C mandibles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
Figure 2. Worker of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. A Gut contents expelled after tear of dehiscence line. Dehiscence line slightly open in lateral B and dorsal C views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
Figure 3. Gut of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. worker. A dorsal B right with area near mixed segment and mesenteric tongue (MT) torn (see Figure 1D) C ventral with position of enteric valve armature (EVA) and enteric valve seating (EVS) drawing superimposed to scale D left views. Abbreviations: C = crop, LD = dehiscence line; M = mesenteron; P1, P3, P4, and P5 = proctodeal segments.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
Figure 4. Enteric valve armature of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. worker. Top: paddles folded (see Figure 3C); bottom: paddles fully extended.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="B697FAE7D661F7A50DEC560B4D06D863" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B697FAE7D661F7A50DEC560B4D06D863" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
Table 1. Measurements (in mm) of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi</taxonomicName>
workers (n = 18 from 4 colonies).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<table pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<th colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rowspan="1">Measurement</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rowspan="1">mean</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rowspan="1">SD</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Description of imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">(male) (Figure 5, Table 2). Tiny, 7 mm. Head with vertex and frons sepia brown, postclypeus slightly lighter. Genae and labrum light brown. Fontanelle ovoid, hyaline. Eyes dark sepia brown. Pronotum lighter than head capsule. Meso- and metanotum slightly lighter than pronotum, with hind margins tinged with yellow. Abdominal tergites and sternites light brown, sternites paler in middle. Wing membrane light brown, with darker veins. Legs light brown. Head capsule rounded posteriorly. Eyes of medium size, protruding. Ocelli elliptical, close to eyes. Antennae with 15 articles. Pronotum slightly broader than long, semi-octogonal, anterior corners deflected downward, hind margin nearly straight. Hind margins of meso- and metanotum narrow, sinuated. Wings long, approx. half their length beyond extremity of abdomen.</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="B928FCE2E209D4FE85F5C4C7DE84B3CC" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B928FCE2E209D4FE85F5C4C7DE84B3CC" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
Table 2. Measurements (in mm) of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi</taxonomicName>
male imagos (n = 6 from one colony).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<table pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<tr pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<th colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rowspan="1">Measurement</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rowspan="1">mean</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rowspan="1">SD</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi</taxonomicName>
is the smallest soldierless termite worker in Africa (head width, HW), followed by 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Acidnotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acidnotermes praus" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praus">Acidnotermes praus</taxonomicName>
(0.52 mm HW) and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="An. nanus" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="nanus">An. nanus</taxonomicName>
(0.56 mm HW). The EVA of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. cherubimi" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="cherubimi">A. cherubimi</taxonomicName>
is very diagnostic and unlike that of any other termite species in having two broad and symmetrical pectinate paddles as opposed to two narrow paddles in other 
<taxonomicName genus="Aneneteotermes" lsidName="Aneneteotermes" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rank="genus">Aneneteotermes</taxonomicName>
spp. or tri- and hexa-radial, or asymmetrical armature as in other soldierless genera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<bibRefCitation author="Sands, WA" journalOrPublisher="CAB International, Kent" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" title="The Identification of Worker Castes of Termite Genera from Soils of Africa and the Middle East." year="1998">Sands (1998)</bibRefCitation>
placed &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anenteotermes</taxonomicName>
new species&quot; in this genus based on a well-developed mixed segment which is only shared in African soldierless workers by 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Aderitotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aderitotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aderitotermes</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Adaiphrotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adaiphrotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Adaiphrotermes</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Sands, WA" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 244" title="The soldierless termites of Africa (Isoptera: Termitidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology (Suppl." volume="18" year="1972">Sands 1972</bibRefCitation>
). Of these three genera, only 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anenteotermes</taxonomicName>
contain species with a single pair of sclerotized EV extensions penetrating into P3. The 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anenteotermes</taxonomicName>
worker key in 
<bibRefCitation author="Sands, WA" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 244" title="The soldierless termites of Africa (Isoptera: Termitidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology (Suppl." volume="18" year="1972">Sands (1972</bibRefCitation>
, p. 194) can accom 
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="55" start="start">modate</pageBreakToken>
<taxonomicName lsidName="An. cherubimi" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="cherubimi">An. cherubimi</taxonomicName>
by inserting a new couplet three as follows and renumbering the subsequent couplets:
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
Figure 5. Male imago of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anenteotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anenteotermes cherubimi" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherubimi">Anenteotermes cherubimi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. A dorsal view B dorsal nota C dorsal D lateral view of head.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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</treatment>
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