488 lines
38 KiB
XML
488 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.631.10718" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2905797b-e30d-43ad-b18d-457dd91222a5" ID-PMC="PMC5126506" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-631-1" ID-PubMed="27917044" ID-ZBK="FB2CA1FF5A5A4168AB6BA8ABD0CCD7B4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-631-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 631" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the shore-fly genus Lamproclasiopa Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)" checkinTime="1479189054279" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Costa, Daniel N. R., Mathis, Wayne N. & Marinoni, Luciane" docDate="2016" docId="6AD5F2B661092BEDFF9A9C2F31484885" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 631: 1-99" docOrigin="ZooKeys 631" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.631.10718" docTitle="Lamproclasiopa nana" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="BC2F4026FF90FFE0BD38FFF8FFB5FFF0" masterDocTitle="A revision of the shore-fly genus Lamproclasiopa Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1668163692094" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A revision of the shore-fly genus Lamproclasiopa Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Costa, Daniel N. R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Marinoni, Luciane</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>631</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>99</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.631.10718</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.631.10718</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-631-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">FB2CA1FF5A5A4168AB6BA8ABD0CCD7B4</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FB2CA1FF5A5A4168AB6BA8ABD0CCD7B4</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127900952" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6AD5F2B661092BEDFF9A9C2F31484885" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6AD5F2B661092BEDFF9A9C2F31484885" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Ephydridae</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Williston" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lamproclasiopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lamproclasiopa nana" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Lamproclasiopa nana (Williston)</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figs 75-76, 77-80, 81
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina nana" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Discocerina nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Williston, SW" journalOrPublisher="The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="253 - 446" title="On the Diptera of St. Vincent (West Indies)." url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1896.tb00965.x" volume="1896" year="1896">Williston 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 396.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Ditrichophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ditrichophora nana" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Ditrichophora nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cresson, ET Jr" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="159 - 164" title="Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Paper VI." volume="35" year="1924">Cresson 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 159 [generic combination].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina (Basila) nana" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana" subGenus="Basila">Discocerina (Basila) nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cresson, ET Jr" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="129 - 163" title="A systematic annotated arrangement of the genera and species of the Neotropical Ephydridae (Diptera) I. The subfamily Psilopinae." volume="71" year="1946">Cresson 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 149 [review].
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wirth, WW" editor="Papavero, N" journalOrPublisher="Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 43" title="77. Family Ephydridae." volumeTitle="A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States" year="1968">Wirth 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 7 [Neotropical catalog].
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="816 - 839" title="S. W. Williston's species of Ephydridae (Diptera) from St. Vincent (West Indies)." volume="104" year="1991">Mathis and Edmiston 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 824 [review of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Williston’s">Williston's</normalizedToken>
|
||
St. Vincent species].
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs on Entomology, International" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 423" title="A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae)." volume="4" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 165 [world catalog].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lamproclasiopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lamproclasiopa nana" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Lamproclasiopa nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zatwarnicki, T" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici (Warsaw)" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="5 - 51" title="A generic classification of the tribe Discocerinini (Diptera: Ephydridae)." volume="51" year="2001">Zatwarnicki and Mathis 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 39 [generic combination].
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Perez-Gelabert, DE" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination=": 530" title="Arthropods of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti): a checklist and bibliography." volume="1831" year="2008">Perez-Gelabert 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 177 [list, Hispaniola].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore-flies, body length 1.60-2.40 mm. Head: Frons distinctly two toned, fronto-orbits and narrow, medial triangular area densely microtomentose, velvety black; mesofrons other than narrow, medial triangle, seriaceus, bronzish to copperish gray to blue. Antenna yellow, some specimens slightly black anterodorsally. Facial series with 2 setae on each side; face also distinctly two toned, a narrow, bare, shiny, vertical stripe that is bordered laterally by dense, palely golden-white microtomentum; parafacial very narrow, densely silvery white microtomentose. Gena relatively short, gena-to-eye ratio 0.06-0.10. Thorax: Mesonotum almost uniformly colored and invested with light dusting of microtomentum, lacking distinct stripes or isolated spots; presutural supra-alar seta well developed. Wing hyaline; costal vein ratio 0.71-0.90; M vein ratio 0.57-0.62. Coxae, femora and tibiae black, tarsi yellow; forefemur with 4-5 stout, peg-like setae on apical third along posteroventral margin. Abdomen: Tergites shiny black. Male terminalia (Figs 77-80): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 77) disconnected dorsally, each lateral portion vertically elongate and robustly developed, height nearly 3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
width, ventral portion on each side tapered laterally to medial, pointed apex, sloping ventral margin more conspicuously setulose, setulae mostly straight, also setulose dorsally, these setulae shallowly curved; cerci in posterior view (Fig. 77) very narrowly developed, elongate, bearing more setulae dorsally, linear; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 80) shallowly and broadly zigzagged, each apex narrowed, in ventral (Fig. 79) view linear, rod-like; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 80) generally rectangular, more broadly developed apically, apical margin slightly emar
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">ginate</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, with an elongate, narrow membranous extension, in ventral view an elongate, narrow, rod-like structure, narrowly truncate basally, apex roundly tapered to narrow point; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 80) with distinctive, relatively broad keel, each extended process abruptly narrowed, in ventral view elongate with each end wider and with short, midheight papilla-like extensions laterally; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 80) mostly rectangular with posterior, narrow process angled toward aedeagus, in ventral view (Fig. 79) rectangular, wider than long, anterior margin produced to form a short, medial point, posterior margin very shallowly concave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Figures 75-76.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lamproclasiopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lamproclasiopa nana" order="Diptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Lamproclasiopa nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Williston). (Brazil.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Curitiba) 75 head, anterior view 76 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Figures 77-80.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lamproclasiopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lamproclasiopa nana" order="Diptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Lamproclasiopa nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Williston). (Brazil.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Curitiba) 77 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 78 same, lateral view 79 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 80 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
|
||
material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
The lectotype male of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina nana" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Discocerina nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
Williston (designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mathis, WN" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="816 - 839" title="S. W. Williston's species of Ephydridae (Diptera) from St. Vincent (West Indies)." volume="104" year="1991">Mathis and Edmiston 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 824) is labeled "Co-type [circular label with a yellow border]/1000 feet/[a black, square label]/St. Vincent, W.I. H. H. Smith./W.Indies. 1907-66./
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina nana" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Discocerina nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
Will. [handwritten, two red submarginal borders]/LECTOTYPE
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Discocerina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discocerina nana" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Discocerina nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
Will. ♂ By W.N.Mathis [handwritten except for
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“LECTOTYPE”">"LECTOTYPE"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“By”">"By"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, black sub-border]." the lectotype is double mounted (pin in a rectangular piece of cardboard), is in good condition, and is deposited in the BMNH. There are also eight paralectotypes as follows: BMNH (5♂, 1♀), AMNH (1♂, 1♀). Williston, in the original description, noted that the type series included "Numerous specimens."
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
West Indies. St. Vincent (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="13.25">13°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.183334">61°11'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
BOLIVIA. La Paz: Guanay (22 km SE;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-15.296667">15°17.8'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-68.26">68°15.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 540 m), 17 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
BRAZIL.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Colombo (Santa Monica tennis club;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-25.385">25°23.1'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-49.146667">49°08.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 860 m), 18 Mar 2015, Daniel N. R. Costa (1♂; DZUP); Curitiba, Parque
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguaçú">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-25.556667">25°33.4'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-49.226665">49°13.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 880 m), 20-31 Aug 2012, Daniel. N. R. Costa (5♂; DZUP); Curitiba, Universidade Federal do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Reserva
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biológica">Biologica</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-25.448334">25°26.9'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-49.233334">49°14'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 915 m), 6-13 Feb 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; DZUP, USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
COLOMBIA. Antioquia:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Medellín">Medellin</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="6.235">6°14.1'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-75.575">75°34.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; coffee finca; 1525 m), Nov 1955, W. B. Heed (2♂; USNM). Cauca:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Popayán">Popayan</normalizedToken>
|
||
(30 km N;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="2.6">2°36'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.526665">76°31.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), M. R. Wheeler (1♂; USNM). Valle de Cauca: Palmira (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="3.54">3°32.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.30666">76°18.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Mar 1958, M. R. Wheeler (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Cali (10 km W;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="3.445">3°26.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.621666">76°37.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 1640 m), 20 Mar 1955, E. I. Schlinger, E. S. Ross (1♂; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
COSTA RICA. Cartago: Juan
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Viñas">Vinas</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="9.893333">09°53.6'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-83.255">83°15.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 28 Apr 1910, P. P. Calvert (1♀; ANSP); La Suiza (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="9.858334">9°51.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-83.625">83°37.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 6 May 1926, P. Schild (3♀; ANSP, USNM). Puntarenas: Pedregosa (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="9.14">09°08.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-83.725">83°43.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), D. L. Rounds (1♀; ANSP). San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Moravia,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zurquí">Zurqui</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Moravia (Tower path;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="10.046667">10°2.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-84.01">84°0.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1600 m), 6 Sep-29 Dec 2012, 2013, Project ZADBI (2♂, 5♀; MNCR-A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
CUBA. Sancti Spiritus: Topes de Collantes (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="21.92">21°55.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-80.03333">80°02'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 350 m), 10 Dec 1994, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
DOMINICA. Antrim Valley (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.345">15°20.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.37">61°22.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 305 m), 17 Mar 1956, J. F. G. Clarke (1♂, 3♀; USNM). Clarke Hall (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.408334">15°24.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.395">61°23.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 16 Jan-21-31 Mar 1965, W. W. Wirth (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Fond Figues River (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="15.4">15°24'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.3">61°18'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 122 m), 30 Jan-22 Apr 1965, 1966, R. J.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
|
||
, W. W. Wirth (9♀, 2♀; USNM).
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G’leau">G'leau</normalizedToken>
|
||
Gommier near Belles (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.423333">15°25.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.34">61°20.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 17 Mar 1956, J. F. G. Clarke (2♂, 6♀; USNM). Layou River (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.43">15°25.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.356667">61°21.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 5 km E), 23 Mar 1989, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Pont
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cassé">Casse</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.378333">15°22.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.343334">61°20.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 12 Feb-18 Jun 1965, 1991, D. and W. N. Mathis, W. W. Wirth (11♂, 2♀; USNM). South Chiltern Estate (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.246667">15°14.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.363335">61°21.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 Feb 1965, W. W. Wirth (1♀; USNM). Toucari (2 km S;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.61">15°36.6'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.463333">61°27.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 21 Mar 1989, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM). Trafalgar Falls (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="15.316667">15°19'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.35">61°21'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 365 m), 6 Mar-19 Jun 1965, 1991, R. J.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
|
||
, D. and W. N. Mathis, W. W. Wirth (4♂, 4♀; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Barahona: San Rafael (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.031666">18°01.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.14">71°08.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 22 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 3♀; USNM). La Vega: Jarabacoa (5 km S;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="19.096666">19°05.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-70.60833">70°36.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 640 m), 8-20 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (9♂, 2♀; USNM); Paso de la Vaca, road from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Monseñor">Monsenor</normalizedToken>
|
||
Nouel to Constanza (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="19.066668">19°04'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-70.28167">70°16.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 1500 m), 27 Dec 1955, J. Maldonado Capriles (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Pedernales: Rio Mulito (21 km N Pedernales;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.155">18°09.3'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.76">71°45.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 270 m), 18-20 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). San Jose de Ocoa: San Jose de Ocoa (30.6 km N;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.825">18°49.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.5">70°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 914 m), 30 Jul 1991, D. Grimaldi, J. Stark (2♂; AMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
JAMAICA. Portland: Reach Falls (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.03">18°01.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.31167">76°18.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 15 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. Williams (1♂; USNM); Reach Falls, Drivers River (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.031666">18°01.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.31167">76°18.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 70 m), 25 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Section (0.5 km E;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.086666">18°05.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.73167">76°43.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 1020 m), 28 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (9♂, 4♀; USNM). St. Andrew: Cinchona (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.073334">18°04.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.655">76°39.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 1400 m), 29 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (3♀; USNM); Hardwar Gap (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.07">18°04.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.73333">76°44'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 17 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. Williams (2♂; USNM); Hardwar Gap (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.07">18°04.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.73333">76°44'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 1170 m), 27 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 1♀; USNM); Hollywell (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.086666">18°05.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.73167">76°43.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 1100 m); 28 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (7♂; USNM); Mavis Bank (near coffee factory;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.023333">18°01.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.66167">76°39.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; waterfall), 21-23 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Mavis Bank (1.5 km W;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.023333">18°01.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.665">76°39.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 22 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 2♀; USNM); Mavis Bank (1.7 km E;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.04">18°02.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.65833">77°39.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 575 m), Yallahs River, 21-22 Apr-1 May 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Newcastle (6 km S;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.071667">18°04.3'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-76.71">76°42.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 950 m; waterfall), 30 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (14♂; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
PERU. Cuzco: Paucartambo, Puente San Pedro (ca 50 km NW Pilcopata;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-13.055">13°03.3'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.54667">71°32.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 1600 m), 3 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Madre de Dios:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Manu, Pakitza (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-11.943334">11°56.6'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.28167">71°16.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 250 m), 9-23 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
PUERTO RICO. Adjuntas (near;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.161667">18°09.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-66.776665">66°46.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 22 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (25♂, 4♀; USNM). El Verde (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.225">18°13.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 66°0-3.2'W; near biological station road), 3 Feb 1989, S.A. Marshall (1♂, 6♀; GUE). El Yungue (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.306667">18°18.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-65.76">65°45.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 20-22 Mar 1954, J. Maldonado Capriles (1♂; USNM). Maricao, Los Viveros (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.175">18°10.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-66.986664">66°59.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 21 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Maricao (4 km WNW;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="18.178333">18°10.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-66.99333">66°59.6'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 21 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
ST. LUCIA. Fond St. Jacques (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="13.833333">13°50'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.033333">61°02'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 13-14 Jun 1991, D. and W. N. Mathis (16♂, 8♀; USNM).
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Soufrière">Soufriere</normalizedToken>
|
||
Botanical Garden (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="13.85">13°51'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.066666">61°04'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 12 Jun 1991, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
ST. VINCENT. St. Patrick: Hermitage (6 km E Spring Village at Cumberland River;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="13.233334">13°14'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.22">61°13.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 550 m), 9 Jul 1989, M. Sorensson, B.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mårtensson">Martensson</normalizedToken>
|
||
(8♂, 2♀; MZLU); Hermitage (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="13.25">13°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-61.215">61°12.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 9 Sep 1997, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO. Tobago. St. John: Charlotteville (2 km S;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.316667">11°19'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.55">60°33'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 10 Jun 1993, 1994, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Parlatuvier (creek;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="11.298333">11°17.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.583332">60°35'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 20 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). St. Paul: Roxborough (6 km NNW;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.266666">11°16'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-60.59">60°35.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 20 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (8♂, 6♀; USNM); Roxborough (6.5 km N;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.283334">11°17'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.583332">60°35'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 14 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="53" pageNumber="54" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
1♂; USNM). Trinidad. St. George: Marianne River (9 km S;
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.766666">10°46'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.3">61°18'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 25 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Mount St. Benedict (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.65">10°39'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.4">61°24'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 18-21 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Mount St. Benedict (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.65">10°39'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.4">61°24'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; creek near base), 19 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
(Fig. 81). Neotropical: Bolivia (La Paz), Brazil (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
), Costa Rica (Cartago), Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Valle de Cauca), Peru (Cuzco, Madre de Dios), Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies (Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Lucia, St. Vincent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Figure 81. Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lamproclasiopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lamproclasiopa aracataca" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aracataca">Lamproclasiopa aracataca</taxonomicName>
|
||
(●);
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lamproclasiopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lamproclasiopa nana" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">Lamproclasiopa nana</taxonomicName>
|
||
(♦);
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lamproclasiopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lamproclasiopa triangularis" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">Lamproclasiopa triangularis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (▲).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
This species is beautifully and strikingly colored, especially the head, and this color pattern distinguishes it from congeners. These characters, as noted in this
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
|
||
diagnosis, are as follows: Frons distinctly two toned; fronto-orbits narrow;
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="54" pageNumber="55" start="start">medial</pageBreakToken>
|
||
triangular area densely microtomentose, velvety black; mesofrons, other than narrow, medial triangle, seriaceus, bronzish to copperish gray to blue; antenna yellow, some specimens slightly black anterodorsally. Facial series with two setae on each side; face also distinctly two toned, a narrow, bare, shiny, vertical stripe that is bordered laterally by dense, palely golden-white microtomentum; parafacial very narrow, densely silvery white microtomentose; wing hyaline.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Just as the color pattern of the head is unique among congeners, the structures of the male terminalia likewise represent a departure from the more typical pattern. This is especially evident in the shape of the epandrium, which exhibits a dorsal gap and the lateral arms are greatly thickened. Like many other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lamproclasiopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lamproclasiopa" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lamproclasiopa</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there are loosely clustered setulae along the ventromedial margin. The cerci are slender and comparatively elongated. The internal structures are more typical, although the aedeagus in lateral view is more rectangular than being narrowly triangular and a slender, membranous distiphallus is often exposed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |