772 lines
107 KiB
XML
772 lines
107 KiB
XML
<document id="A24A58E241E47950B65DB8DA5C68052F" ID-CLB-Dataset="31783" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4337.4.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fc5b34c0-6efc-4397-93d0-9bbbd85f0891" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1034306" ID-ZooBank="DDD0CDFE-C748-4FCD-9065-E643E16261BF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1508523791208" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Smirnov, Alexey V., Panina, Elena G., Sanamyan, Nadezhda P. & Sanamyan, Karen E." docDate="2017" docId="5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4337.4.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4337 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Scoliorhapis stepanovi Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan 2017" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="571" masterDocId="A7217B66FF91FFE1FFCDAB3D4319FFC1" masterDocTitle="ScoliorhAPis stEPAnovi - new species of sea cucumber from the North-West Pacific (Holothuroidea: Synaptida: Chiridotidae: Taeniogyrinae) and some remarks on the genus ScoliorhAPis" masterLastPageNumber="572" masterPageNumber="563" pageNumber="566" updateTime="1698470041839" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="24AA4C4687F6F6DBBDF7D1C1F90B7522" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="52B981E74627B5D8A2D358A6EB48AF3D">ScoliorhAPis stEPAnovi - new species of sea cucumber from the North-West Pacific (Holothuroidea: Synaptida: Chiridotidae: Taeniogyrinae) and some remarks on the genus ScoliorhAPis</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CBD7EA36CFDB2AAA2906BCAFF9B04558" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="52FA25B594F8F3D05104AA131194CF5B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="42B3F85B0AE8ECC1ADF4DFC50CD51DE6">Smirnov, Alexey V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D84843933961DFF2169C1479BA70BB7D">Panina, Elena G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DDE5A733950B0CE83B483E79C5E658E2">Sanamyan, Nadezhda P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="93B9E12060CE750508F7A44BD7C3BF19">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5CA86513145BCB93AB104D127EC0FB9E">Sanamyan, Karen E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2A76AF1F09CBDAA24F17D91C6148916A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6118690C81C0A832437A35952164BB5F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9690C297950D90664B145BAC37184795">
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<mods:date id="D1C8C93FB6A4B13014E3D63CF2ADA5BE">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="00CEA1C0C5A9B22E9F4ACEC17F3DE46E">2017-10-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CB817AE5050BE2D892B092D78617664B">4337</mods:number>
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<treatment id="5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6042811" ID-GBIF-Taxon="135452541" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6042811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="571" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
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<subSubSection id="9BABE183FF92FFE2FF5AAFF241F2FACA" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D30EB208FF92FFE2FF5AAFF24058FB2B" blockId="3.[151,833,1231,1291]" box="[151,833,1231,1258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
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<heading id="88460564FF92FFE2FF5AAFF24058FB2B" bold="true" box="[151,833,1231,1258]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF92FFE2FF5AAFF24058FB2B" bold="true" box="[151,833,1231,1258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
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<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF92FFE2FF5AAFF242B1FB28" ID-CoL="4VRYY" authority="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2017" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,424,1231,1257]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF92FFE2FF5AAFF242B1FB28" bold="true" box="[151,424,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Scoliorhapis stepaNovi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Al. Smirnov and Panina sp. nov.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF92FFE2FF5AAFCF41F2FACA" blockId="3.[151,833,1231,1291]" box="[151,747,1266,1291]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
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<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF92FFE2FF5AAFCF43C1FACA" box="[151,216,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
, A–G, I;
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||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF92FFE2FEF2AFCF429DFACA" box="[319,388,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. S. stepanovi n. sp., ossicles. A – I—two-pointed sigmoids from the body wall (A – H sinistral sigmoids, I—dextral sigmoids; J, K—rods from tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034310/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF92FFE2FE42AFCF42CBFACA" box="[399,466,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,481,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of the structure of some species of the genus Scoliorhapis. A – C— S. stepanovi n. sp. A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E— S. lindbergi. D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F— S. theeli, papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G— Taeniogyrus dunedinensis, series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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||
, A–C;
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||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF92FFE2FDEEAFCF417DFACA" box="[547,612,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1144,1166]" captionTargetBox="[175,1437,235,1076]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[149,1437,193,1122]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution of the boreal species of the genus Scoliorhapis. ● — S. stepanovi; ▲ — S. lindbergi; ■ — S. dianthus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034314/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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(map); key.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9BABE183FF92FFE2FF5AAE0741EAFA91" box="[151,755,1338,1360]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D30EB208FF92FFE2FF5AAE0741EAFA91" blockId="3.[151,755,1338,1360]" box="[151,755,1338,1360]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
|
||
Taeniogyrinae gen. sp.—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF92FFE2FE5FAE074176FA91" author="Stepanov" box="[402,623,1338,1360]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" refString="Stepanov, V. G., Panina, E. G. & Morozov, T. B. (2012) Fauna goloturiy Avachinskogo zaliva (severo-vostochnaia chast' Tikhogo okeana). Issledovaniya vodnykh biologicheskikh resursov Kamchatki i severo-zapadnoi chasti Tikhogo okeana: Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. [A holothurian fauna of the Avacha gulf (North-West part of Pacific Ocean). Investigation of the Studies of water biological resources of Kamchatka and the North-West Pacific: Proceedings]. KamchatNIRO, Petropavlovsk- Kamchatsky, 26 (1), 12 - 32." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Stepanov
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||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF92FFE2FE34AE064135FA91" box="[505,556,1338,1360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">et al.</emphasis>
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||
, 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 15, fig. 1, 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BABE183FF92FFE4FF5AAE40424EFACB" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="568" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF92FFE2FF5AAE404113FA1F" blockId="3.[151,1437,1405,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
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<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FF5AAE404113FA1F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497026" collectingDate="2010-09-13" collectionCode="ZIN" collectorName="Bay, Is. & Sanamyan NP" elevation="11" location="Avacha Bay" municipality="Material" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
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<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF92FFE2FF5AAE404264FA57" bold="true" box="[151,381,1405,1430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
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<collectingMunicipality id="336A2872FF92FFE2FF5AAE4043E6FA57" box="[151,255,1405,1430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Material</collectingMunicipality>
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||
examined
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Holotype—
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||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FDDBAE40418CFA57" box="[534,661,1405,1430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-09-13">
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<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FDDBAE40418CFA57" box="[534,661,1405,1430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-09-13">13.09.2010</date>
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</collectingDate>
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||
, East
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||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FD2DAE40407BFA57" box="[736,866,1405,1430]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
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||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FCBFAE4040E6FA57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FCBFAE4040E6FA57" box="[882,1023,1405,1430]" municipality="Material" name="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
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Avacha
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||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FC1CAE4340E6FA57" box="[977,1023,1406,1430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Bay</collectorName>
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</location>
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||
, Is. Starichkov, 52.7793, 158.6225, depth
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF92FFE2FF11AE9F4259FA78" box="[220,320,1442,1466]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">
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<quantity id="14491FEDFF92FFE2FF11AE9F4259FA78" box="[220,320,1442,1466]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, bottom—boulders, stones, muddy gravel with shells, bottom temperature 6°C, diving collection by
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||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FF5AAEFB422EFA1C" box="[151,311,1478,1502]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B5A02ACDFF92FFE2FE8CAEFB4269FA1C" box="[321,368,1478,1501]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
No. 1/23624.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D30EB208FF92FFE2FF0AAED74731F9C3" blockId="3.[151,1437,1405,1970]" box="[199,1064,1513,1538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
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<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FF0AAED74731F9C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497028" box="[199,1064,1513,1538]" collectionCode="ZIN" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="7">
|
||
Paratypes—
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF92FFE2FE9CAED742C5F9C3" box="[337,476,1513,1538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, collected together with holotype,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B5A02ACDFF92FFE2FC92AED74097F9C0" box="[863,910,1514,1537]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
No. 2/23625.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF92FFE4FF0AAD30424EFACB" blockId="3.[151,1437,1405,1970]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,1157,2010]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="568" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FF0AAD304680F98B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497023" collectingDate="2008-11-09" collectorName="La Perouse Stones & Sanamyan NP" county="Other" elevation="20" location="Viluchinskaya Bay" municipality="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="3A6FCA84FF92FFE2FF0AAD30421EF9E7" box="[199,263,1549,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Other</collectingCounty>
|
||
investigated samples—
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FDEFAD3041B9F9E7" box="[546,672,1549,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2008-11-09">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FDEFAD3041B9F9E7" box="[546,672,1549,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2008-11-09">11.09.2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FD3CAD30406DF9E7" box="[753,884,1549,1574]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="336A2872FF92FFE2FC4BAD30470FF9E7" box="[902,1046,1549,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Avacha Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FBE4AD30461CF9E7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FBE4AD30461CF9E7" box="[1065,1285,1549,1574]" county="Other" municipality="Avacha Bay" name="Viluchinskaya Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Viluchinskaya Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FAD5AD3343FDF98B" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">La Pérouse Stones</collectorName>
|
||
, [52.6160, 158.5055],
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF92FFE2FE3AAD0F4123F988" box="[503,570,1586,1610]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="20.0">
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<quantity id="14491FEDFF92FFE2FE3AAD0F4123F988" box="[503,570,1586,1610]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, sand sample, t 13°C, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FB98AD0F47E5F988" box="[1109,1276,1586,1610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF92FFE2FAC3AD0F4680F98B" box="[1294,1433,1585,1610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FF5AAD6B42C9F953" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497030" collectingDate="2008-10-18" collectorName="Is. Starichkov & Sanamyan NP" elevation="22" location="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FF5AAD6B4201F9AF" box="[151,280,1622,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2008-10-18">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FF5AAD6B4201F9AF" box="[151,280,1622,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2008-10-18">18.10.2008</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FE97AD6842C4F9AF" box="[346,477,1621,1646]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FE2AAD684169F9AF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FE2AAD684169F9AF" box="[487,624,1621,1646]" name="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Avacha Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FDB6AD6B4001F9AF" box="[635,792,1621,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Is. Starichkov</collectorName>
|
||
, 52.7727, 158.6154,
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF92FFE2FBCEAD6B4771F9AC" box="[1027,1128,1622,1646]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="22.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="21.0">
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF92FFE2FBCEAD6B4771F9AC" box="[1027,1128,1622,1646]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="22.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="21.0">21–23 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, t 6°C, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FF5AAD474223F950" box="[151,314,1658,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF92FFE2FE84AD4742C9F953" box="[329,464,1657,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FE12AD474680F977" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497031" collectingDate="2010-07-18" collectorName="La Perouse Stones & Sanamyan NP" elevation="10" location="Viluchinskaya Bay" municipality="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FE12AD474179F953" box="[479,608,1658,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-07-18">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FE12AD474179F953" box="[479,608,1658,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-07-18">18.07.2010</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FD64AD444035F953" box="[681,812,1657,1682]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="336A2872FF92FFE2FCF6AD4440D1F953" box="[827,968,1657,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Avacha Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FC1AAD4447A9F953" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FC1AAD4447A9F953" box="[983,1200,1657,1682]" municipality="Avacha Bay" name="Viluchinskaya Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Viluchinskaya Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FB72AD474681F953" box="[1215,1432,1658,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">La Pérouse Stones</collectorName>
|
||
, 52.6160, 158.5055,
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF92FFE2FE4CADA342D8F974" box="[385,449,1694,1718]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF92FFE2FE4CADA342D8F974" box="[385,449,1694,1718]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, sand with shells, boulders, t 9°C, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FB91ADA34618F974" box="[1116,1281,1694,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF92FFE2FADCADA34680F977" box="[1297,1433,1693,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FF5AADFF4043F93F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497029" collectingDate="2010-09-13" collectorName="Is. Starichkov & Sanamyan NP" elevation="11" location="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FF5AADFF4201F91B" box="[151,280,1730,1754]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-09-13">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FF5AADFF4201F91B" box="[151,280,1730,1754]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-09-13">13.09.2010</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FEAFADFC42FCF91B" box="[354,485,1729,1754]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FE39ADFC4199F91B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FE39ADFC4199F91B" box="[500,640,1729,1754]" name="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Avacha Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FD5DADFF4029F91B" box="[656,816,1729,1754]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Is. Starichkov</collectorName>
|
||
, 52.7793, 158.6225,
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF92FFE2FBEAADFF4796F918" box="[1063,1167,1730,1754]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF92FFE2FBEAADFF4796F918" box="[1063,1167,1730,1754]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, muddy gravel, stones, boulders, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FDDCADDB41A3F93C" box="[529,698,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF92FFE2FD03ADDB4043F93F" box="[718,858,1765,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FCA3ADDB4254F887" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497025" collectingDate="2010-09-13" collectorName="Is. Starichkov & Sanamyan NP" elevation="20" location="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FCA3ADDB40F6F93F" box="[878,1007,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-09-13">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FCA3ADDB40F6F93F" box="[878,1007,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-09-13">13.09.2010</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FB89ADD847DFF93F" box="[1092,1222,1765,1790]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FB16ADD84675F93F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FB16ADD84675F93F" box="[1243,1388,1765,1790]" name="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Avacha Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FA4CADDB4208F8E3" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Is. Starichkov</collectorName>
|
||
, 52.7746, 158.6115,
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF92FFE2FDCCAC374127F8E0" box="[513,574,1802,1826]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF92FFE2FDCCAC374127F8E0" box="[513,574,1802,1826]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, gravel with shells, stones, boulders, t 1°C, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FAE5AC3743A2F884" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF92FFE2FF05AC134254F887" box="[200,333,1837,1862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FE97AC1047D3F8AB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497032" collectingDate="2010-09-26" collectorName="Is. Starichkov & Sanamyan NP" elevation="24" location="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FE97AC1042C2F887" box="[346,475,1837,1862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-09-26">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FE97AC1042C2F887" box="[346,475,1837,1862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2010-09-26">26.09.2010</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FDECAC1041BAF887" box="[545,675,1837,1862]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FD7CAC104025F887" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF92FFE2FD7CAC104025F887" box="[689,828,1837,1862]" name="Avacha Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Avacha Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FC84AC1340F1F887" box="[841,1000,1837,1862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Is. Starichkov</collectorName>
|
||
, 52.7737, 158.6198,
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF92FFE2FB14AC13460EF884" box="[1241,1303,1838,1862]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="24.0">
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF92FFE2FB14AC13460EF884" box="[1241,1303,1838,1862]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, gravel and sand with shells, stones, boulders, t 8°C, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FC47AC6F4736F8A8" box="[906,1071,1874,1898]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF92FFE2FB8DAC6F47D3F8AB" box="[1088,1226,1873,1898]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE2FB16AC6F41DFF873" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497018" collectingDate="2011-07-21" collectorName="Is. Starichkov & Sanamyan NP" elevation="24" location="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FB16AC6F4642F8AB" box="[1243,1371,1874,1898]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2011-07-21">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FB16AC6F4642F8AB" box="[1243,1371,1874,1898]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2011-07-21">21.07.2011</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FF5AAC484200F84F" box="[151,281,1909,1934]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FEE8AC4B42DBF84F" box="[293,450,1909,1934]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Is. Starichkov</collectorName>
|
||
, 52.7747, 158.7108,
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF92FFE2FD7DAC4B41F5F84C" box="[688,748,1910,1934]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="24.0">
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF92FFE2FD7DAC4B41F5F84C" box="[688,748,1910,1934]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, sand with shells, stones, boulders, rock, t 2°C, sand sample, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF92FFE2FE5EACA74120F870" box="[403,569,1946,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF92FFE2FD89ACA741DFF873" box="[580,710,1945,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF92FFE4FD15ACA4421CFB03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497033" collectingDate="2014-07-16" collectorName="Sanamyan NP" county="Avacha Bay" elevation="21" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="568" location="Pyramidny Cape" municipality="Listvinichnaya Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF92FFE2FD15ACA44040F873" box="[728,857,1945,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2014-07-16">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF92FFE2FD15ACA44040F873" box="[728,857,1945,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566" value="2014-07-16">16.07.2014</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF92FFE2FC56ACA44704F873" box="[923,1053,1945,1970]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="3A6FCA84FF92FFE2FBE4ACA447A8F873" box="[1065,1201,1945,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Avacha Bay</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="336A2872FF92FFE2FB71ACA4468CF873" box="[1212,1429,1945,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="566">Listvinichnaya Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF94FFE4FF5AAFB84241FB5F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF94FFE4FF5AAFB84241FB5F" box="[151,344,1157,1182]" county="Avacha Bay" municipality="Listvinichnaya Bay" name="Pyramidny Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Pyramidny Cape</location>
|
||
, 52.3814, 158.5737,
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF94FFE4FD80AFBB4192FB5C" box="[589,651,1158,1182]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" unit="m" value="21.0">
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF94FFE4FD80AFBB4192FB5C" box="[589,651,1158,1182]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" unit="m" value="21.0">21 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, sand, boulders, rocks, t 1°C, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF94FFE4FB10AFBB4699FB5C" box="[1245,1408,1158,1182]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF94FFE4FA43AFBB421CFB03" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF94FFE4FEC2AF944216FB27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497017" collectingDate="1955-06-07" collectorName="Khlebovich VV" county="North Kurile Is." location="Sea of Okhotsk" municipality="Is. Paramushir" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF94FFE4FEC2AF944289FB03" box="[271,400,1193,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" value="1955-06-07">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF94FFE4FEC2AF944289FB03" box="[271,400,1193,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" value="1955-06-07">06.07.1955</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="3A6FCA84FF94FFE4FE56AF944157FB00" box="[411,590,1193,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">North Kurile Is.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="336A2872FF94FFE4FD97AF9741E4FB03" box="[602,765,1193,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Is. Paramushir</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF94FFE4FCC5AF9440ACFB03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF94FFE4FCC5AF9440ACFB03" box="[776,949,1193,1218]" county="North Kurile Is." municipality="Is. Paramushir" name="Sea of Okhotsk" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Sea of Okhotsk</location>
|
||
shore,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF94FFE4FBCBAF944790FB03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF94FFE4FBCBAF944790FB03" box="[1030,1161,1193,1218]" county="North Kurile Is." municipality="Is. Paramushir" name="Shelikhovo" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Shelikhovo</location>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF94FFE4FB06AF944666FB00" box="[1227,1407,1193,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Khlebovich VV</collectorName>
|
||
.,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF94FFE4FA43AF944216FB27" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="63D9B855FF94FFE4FED0AFF0424AFACB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1675497019" collectingDate="16-08-20" collectorName="Middle Kurile Is. & Sanamyan NP" elevation="15" location="Cape Crocodile" municipality="Is. Matua" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Kamchatka">
|
||
<collectingDate id="B74B6D20FF94FFE4FED0AFF0429BFB27" box="[285,386,1229,1254]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" value="16-08-20">
|
||
<date id="A70F94C8FF94FFE4FED0AFF0429BFB27" box="[285,386,1229,1254]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" value="16-08-20">20.08.16</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF94FFE4FE43AFF0414FFB24" box="[398,598,1229,1254]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Middle Kurile Is.</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="336A2872FF94FFE4FDA8AFF341CAFB24" box="[613,723,1230,1253]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Is. Matua</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D66EE4D3FF94FFE4FD2CAFF3408DFB27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B18031EFF92FFE9FF5AAFF24056FDFE:D66EE4D3FF94FFE4FD2CAFF3408DFB27" box="[737,916,1229,1254]" municipality="Is. Matua" name="Cape Crocodile" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" stateProvince="Kamchatka">Cape Crocodile</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF94FFE4FC6FAFF040C6FB24" box="[930,991,1229,1254]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="589C553BFF94FFE4FC6FAFF040C6FB24" box="[930,991,1229,1254]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, t 3°C, diving collection by
|
||
<collectorName id="7E44D7DEFF94FFE4FAE5AFF343A2FAC8" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Sanamyan NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C5B77981FF94FFE4FF08AFCC424AFACB" box="[197,339,1265,1290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="87CEE280FF95FFE5FF5AAC1240BEF81E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" targetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF95FFE5FF5AAC1240BEF81E" blockId="4.[151,1436,1839,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FF5AAC12420DF885" bold="true" box="[151,276,1839,1861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FED1AC12411DF887" authority="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2017" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[284,516,1839,1862]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FED1AC12411DF887" box="[284,516,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">Scoliorhapis stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAF6D361FF95FFE5FDC6AC0D415FF884" box="[523,582,1840,1861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FDC6AC0D415FF884" bold="true" box="[523,582,1840,1861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A–G, I, photos by K.E. Sanamyan) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FC3DAC0D477FF884" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1008,1126,1839,1861]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FC3DAC0D40E4F884" box="[1008,1021,1840,1861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FBC7AC12477FF884" box="[1034,1126,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H, photo by A.V. Smirnov). A—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FF0FAC724259F8A5" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[194,320,1871,1892]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FF0FAC724259F8A5" box="[194,320,1871,1892]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FA44AC7243E1F842" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FA44AC7243E1F842" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FC81AC5040DEF842" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[844,967,1901,1923]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FC81AC5040DEF842" box="[844,967,1901,1923]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FF0FACB14224F860" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[194,317,1932,1953]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FF0FACB14224F860" box="[194,317,1932,1953]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FAD7ACB1468CF860" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[1306,1429,1932,1953]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FAD7ACB1468CF860" box="[1306,1429,1932,1953]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tentacles (detail F); F—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FE46AC96411FF801" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[395,518,1963,1984]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FE46AC96411FF801" box="[395,518,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, external view; G—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FD1AAC96404AF801" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[727,851,1963,1984]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FD1AAC96404AF801" box="[727,851,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FEE5ACF74284F81E" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[296,413,1993,2015]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FEE5ACF74284F81E" box="[296,413,1993,2015]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, external view; I—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF95FFE5FDAFACF741C5F81E" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[610,732,1994,2015]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="567" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF95FFE5FDAFACF741C5F81E" box="[610,732,1994,2015]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="567">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, juvenile specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="87CEE280FF94FFE4FF5AAF144112FB9F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034310/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" targetBox="[264,1323,193,1044]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF94FFE4FF5AAF144112FB9F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1065,1118]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF94FFE4FF5AAF144203FBFF" bold="true" box="[151,282,1065,1087]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF94FFE4FEECAF174285FBFE" authority="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2017" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[289,412,1066,1087]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF94FFE4FEECAF174285FBFE" box="[289,412,1066,1087]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAF6D361FF94FFE4FE6EAF1442C5FBFF" box="[419,476,1065,1086]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF94FFE4FE6EAF1442C5FBFF" bold="true" box="[419,476,1065,1086]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, ossicles. A–I—two-pointed sigmoids from the body wall (A
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF94FFE4FB83AF144743FBFF" bold="true" box="[1102,1114,1065,1086]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">–</emphasis>
|
||
H sinistral sigmoids, I—dextral sigmoids; J, K—rods from tentacles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BABE183FF94FFE7FF0AAE2842A1FE11" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="569" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF94FFE4FF0AAE2842A4F9EB" blockId="5.[151,1437,1157,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF94FFE4FF0AAE284258FAEF" bold="true" box="[199,321,1301,1326]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF94FFE4FE84AE2842CFFAEF" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1946" box="[329,470,1301,1326]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF94FFE4FE84AE2842CFFAEF" box="[329,470,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Scoliorhapis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with 10 peltate-digitate tentacles with up to 5 pairs of narrow elongate digits. Calcareous ring bead-like, with 10 segments; medioventral Polian vessel single, large, connected to ring vessel by narrow duct. Intestine without loop, attached for most of its length by mediodorsal mesentery. Rectal intestine fixed by two mesenteries: mediodorsal mesentery fixed to body wall near right dorsal muscle band, and left ventral mesentery fixed in left ventral interradius near medioventral muscle band. Two series of ciliated funnels: near the middorsal mesentery and in the left dorsal interradius near left ventral radial muscle. Body wall with scattered twopointed sigmoids only, 80–115
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF94FFE4FDCFAED3410BF9C4" box="[514,530,1518,1541]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">µ</emphasis>
|
||
m in length. Tentacles with straight or C-like rods, sometimes branched at the ends, 70–90
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF94FFE4FEE8AD2F422CF9E8" box="[293,309,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">µ</emphasis>
|
||
m in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF94FFE4FF0AAD084702F877" blockId="5.[151,1437,1157,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">
|
||
Description. Body wormlike, cylindrical, slightly tapering to posterior end, up to
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF94FFE4FB9DAD084786F98C" box="[1104,1183,1589,1614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="568" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length. Color in life pink-orange (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF94FFE4FEFCAD644291F9B0" box="[305,392,1625,1650]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
), whitish after fixation. Body wall with crowded small warts when compressed, thin and translucent when stretched, when internal organs easily seen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF94FFE4FC81AD4040BFF957" box="[844,934,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body wall sigmoids noticeable in reflected light (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF94FFE4FF16AD9C4243F978" box="[219,346,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Fig. 1A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ten peltate-digitate tentacles with up to five pairs of narrow elongated comparatively large to tentacle size digits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF94FFE4FEBEADF842D1F91F" box="[371,456,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Terminal digits longest. Juveniles terminating with single pair of digits on the tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF94FFE4FAA2ADF843D6F8C0" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Fig. 1G, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Intestine without loop (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF94FFE4FE27ADD4415BF8C0" box="[490,578,1769,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
), attached for most of its length by the mediodorsal mesentery in the middle of the interradius. Rectal intestine is approximately 1/5 length of the entire elementary canal length, fixed by two mesenteries: mediodorsal fixed to body wall near right dorsal muscle band and left ventral fixed in left ventral interradius near medioventral muscle band. Two series of crowded ciliated funnels: near middorsal mesentery and in left dorsal interradius near left edge of left ventral radial muscle. Funnels situated singly, wide funnel with thin collar and narrow stalk that is ~ 1.5 times longer than height of funnel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF94FFE4FC7BACA04714F877" box="[950,1037,1949,1974]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,481,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of the structure of some species of the genus Scoliorhapis. A – C— S. stepanovi n. sp. A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E— S. lindbergi. D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F— S. theeli, papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G— Taeniogyrus dunedinensis, series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF94FFE4FF0AACFC4655F818" blockId="5.[151,1437,1157,2010]" box="[199,1356,1985,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">
|
||
Single, very large, ovoid, midventral Polian vessel connected to water ring by thin short duct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF94FFE4FB28ACFC4626F818" box="[1253,1343,1985,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,481,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of the structure of some species of the genus Scoliorhapis. A – C— S. stepanovi n. sp. A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E— S. lindbergi. D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F— S. theeli, papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G— Taeniogyrus dunedinensis, series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="568">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF97FFE7FF0AABAA4131FF71" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,552,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">The gonad is slightly branched.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF97FFE7FF0AAB8143D6FF39" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">
|
||
Calcareous ring bead-like, with 10 segments; comparatively small relative to local body width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF97FFE7FB36AB8143D8FF39" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">Fig. 1A, B, D, G, I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF97FFE7FF0AAA3942A1FE11" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">
|
||
Body wall ossicles two-pointed sigmoids, 80
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FD72AA3941D4FEDC" bold="true" box="[703,717,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">–</emphasis>
|
||
115
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FD30AA384014FEDD" box="[765,781,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">µ</emphasis>
|
||
m in length, scattered throughout body wall, slightly more abundant over muscle bands. Sigmoids are oriented at an angle to longitudinal body axis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF97FFE7FB65AA1A463EFE81" box="[1192,1319,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">Fig. 1A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sigmoid bodies end in hooks on both end, oriented perpendicular to each other. The second hook is likely derived from the eye-like ending of sigmoid hooks in resembles species. The majority of the sigmoids are “sinistral” (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF97FFE7FAD5AA52468CFE49" box="[1304,1429,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. S. stepanovi n. sp., ossicles. A – I—two-pointed sigmoids from the body wall (A – H sinistral sigmoids, I—dextral sigmoids; J, K—rods from tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034310/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">Fig. 2A–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) but a few are “dextral” (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF97FFE7FE64AAA942F2FE6C" box="[425,491,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. S. stepanovi n. sp., ossicles. A – I—two-pointed sigmoids from the body wall (A – H sinistral sigmoids, I—dextral sigmoids; J, K—rods from tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034310/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).Tentacles with straight or C-shaped rods, some with slightly branched, 70
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FA89AAA9464BFE6C" bold="true" box="[1348,1362,404,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">–</emphasis>
|
||
90
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FABBAAA8469FFE6D" box="[1398,1414,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">µ</emphasis>
|
||
m in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF97FFE7FEC4AA8A4262FE0E" box="[265,379,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. S. stepanovi n. sp., ossicles. A – I—two-pointed sigmoids from the body wall (A – H sinistral sigmoids, I—dextral sigmoids; J, K—rods from tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034310/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">Fig. 2J, K</figureCitation>
|
||
; 3C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="87CEE280FF97FFE7FF5AACBE405EF834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="569" targetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF97FFE7FF5AACBE405EF834" blockId="6.[151,1436,1923,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FF5AACBE420DF859" bold="true" box="[151,276,1923,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Details of the structure of some species of the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FC89ACBE40D2F858" box="[836,971,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF97FFE7FC89ACBE40DEF858" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1946" box="[836,967,1923,1945]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="6" pageNumber="569" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Scoliorhapis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FC29ACB940E8F858" bold="true" box="[996,1009,1924,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">–</emphasis>
|
||
C—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF97FFE7FBD1ACB94781F858" authority="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan, 2017" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[1052,1176,1924,1945]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="6" pageNumber="569" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FBD1ACB94781F858" box="[1052,1176,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAF6D361FF97FFE7FB6DACB947C2F858" box="[1184,1243,1924,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FB6DACB947C2F858" bold="true" box="[1184,1243,1924,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E—
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FD72AC9F4027F879" box="[703,830,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF97FFE7FD72AC9F4023F879" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[703,826,1954,1976]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="6" pageNumber="569" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">S. lindbergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F—
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FE98ACFC42A9F817" box="[341,432,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF97FFE7FE98ACFC42B5F817" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1928" box="[341,428,1984,2006]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliodota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="6" pageNumber="569" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="theeli">S. theeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G—
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF97FFE7FB41ACFC4685F817" box="[1164,1436,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF97FFE7FB41ACFC4681F817" baseAuthorityName="Parker" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1164,1432,1984,2006]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="6" pageNumber="569" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dunedinensis">Taeniogyrus dunedinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="87CEE280FF96FFE6FF5AAF45469AFB4F" box="[151,1411,1144,1166]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034314/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" targetBox="[175,1437,235,1076]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF96FFE6FF5AAF45469AFB4F" blockId="7.[151,1411,1144,1166]" box="[151,1411,1144,1166]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FF5AAF45420BFB4C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1144,1166]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of the boreal species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FD3CAF454069FB4F" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1946" box="[753,880,1144,1166]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FD3CAF454069FB4F" box="[753,880,1144,1166]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Scoliorhapis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. ●—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FC6BAF444739FB4F" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[934,1056,1145,1166]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FC6BAF444739FB4F" box="[934,1056,1145,1166]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; ▲—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FBADAF4447CCFB4F" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1120,1237,1144,1166]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FBADAF4447CCFB4F" box="[1120,1237,1144,1166]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; ■—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FAC6AF444666FB4F" box="[1291,1407,1144,1166]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dianthus">S. dianthus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BABE183FF96FFE6FF0AAF87426EFADA" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF96FFE6FF0AAF87426EFADA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1210,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FF0AAF874240FB12" bold="true" box="[199,345,1210,1235]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. East
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF96FFE6FE6EAF87413CFB12" box="[419,549,1210,1235]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Avacha Bay, at
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF96FFE6FD25AF864055FB13" box="[744,844,1210,1235]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" unit="m" value="17.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
10
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FCCEAF874008FB12" bold="true" box="[771,785,1210,1235]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">–</emphasis>
|
||
24 m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
depth, on sand bottom with bottom temperature 1
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FA43AF874685FB12" bold="true" box="[1422,1436,1210,1235]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">–</emphasis>
|
||
13°C, in North Kurile Is., Paramushir Is., Sea of Okhotsk shore, Shelikhovo, and in Middle Kurile Is., Matua Is. at
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF96FFE6FF5AAE3F43C9FADB" box="[151,208,1282,1307]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FEE9AE3F4270FADA" box="[292,361,1282,1307]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1144,1166]" captionTargetBox="[175,1437,235,1076]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[149,1437,193,1122]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution of the boreal species of the genus Scoliorhapis. ● — S. stepanovi; ▲ — S. lindbergi; ■ — S. dianthus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034314/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BABE183FF96FFE6FF0AAE1B416CF8BE" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF96FFE6FF0AAE1B427FFA0E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1210,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FF0AAE1B4222FAFE" bold="true" box="[199,315,1318,1343]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The main character separating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FD7DAE1A4022FAFF" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[688,827,1319,1342]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FD7DAE1A4022FAFF" box="[688,827,1319,1342]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FC00AE1B4743FAFE" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1946" box="[973,1114,1318,1343]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FC00AE1B4743FAFE" box="[973,1114,1318,1343]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Scoliorhapis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is the shape of the sigmoids that are pointed at both ends. All other species have sigmoid hooks with a point on one end and open-eye on the other. The new species differs from the genotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FCD2AE524063FA46" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1928" box="[799,890,1390,1415]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliodota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="theeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FCD2AE524063FA46" box="[799,890,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. theeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the arrangement of the sigmoids in the body wall—scattered in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FEA0AEAE42ECFA6A" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[365,501,1427,1451]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FEA0AEAE42ECFA6A" box="[365,501,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and clustered in papillae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FCF4AEAE408CFA6A" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1928" box="[825,917,1426,1451]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliodota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="theeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FCF4AEAE408CFA6A" box="[825,917,1426,1451]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. theeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Théel, 1868 Pl. 2, fig. 3;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FB0BAEAF467BFA6A" author="Heding" box="[1222,1378,1426,1451]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Heding, S. G. (1928) Synaptidae. Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. XLVI. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i KObenhavn, 85, 105 - 323, pls. 2, 3." type="journal article" year="1928">Heding, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 69, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FF02AE8B43C4FA0E" bold="true" box="[207,221,1462,1487]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">–</emphasis>
|
||
2) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FECEAE8B4240FA0E" box="[259,345,1462,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,481,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of the structure of some species of the genus Scoliorhapis. A – C— S. stepanovi n. sp. A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E— S. lindbergi. D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F— S. theeli, papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G— Taeniogyrus dunedinensis, series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF96FFE6FF0AAEE74214F90A" blockId="7.[151,1437,1210,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">
|
||
The new species resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FDCDAEE6419BFA32" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[512,642,1498,1523]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FDCDAEE6419BFA32" box="[512,642,1498,1523]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FD73AEE740AEFA32" author="Djakonov" box="[702,951,1498,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Djakonov, A. M., Baranova, Z. I. & Saveljeva, T. S. (1958) Zametka o goloturiiakh (Holothurioidea) rayona uzhnogo Sakhalina i uzhnykh Kuril'skikh ostrovov. Issledovaniya dal'nevostochnykh morei SSSR [Note on the holothurians (Holothurioidea) from South Sakhalin and South Kurile Islands. Explorations of the Far-Eastern Seas of the USSR], 5, 358 - 380. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1958">
|
||
Djakonov
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FCF9AEE14074FA32" box="[820,877,1498,1523]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1958
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FC0EAEE6474DFA32" author="Oguro" box="[963,1108,1498,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Oguro, C. (1961) The fauna of Akkeshi Bay XXVI. Holothuroidea. Publications from the Akkeshi Marine Biological Station, 11, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1961">Oguro, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FBADAEE74782FA32" author="Oguro" box="[1120,1179,1498,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Oguro, C. (1965) Notes on the morphology of an apodian holothurian, Scoliodotella uchidai. Publication from the Akkeshi Marine Biological Station, 15, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1965">1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FB65AEE7462AFA32" author="Levin" box="[1192,1331,1498,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Levin, V. S. (1982) Novye dannye o goloturii Scoliodotella lindbergi (Apoda, Chiridotidae) Zoologicheskii Zhurnal [New data on a sea cucumber Scoliodotella lindbergi (Apoda, Chiridotidae) Zoological Journal], 61 (12), 1916 - 1920. [in Russian with brief English summary]." type="journal article" year="1982">Levin, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FAF2AEE6425CF9D6" author="Inoue" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Inoue, J. & Kajihara, H. (2012) Redescription of Scoliorhapis lindbergi comb. nov. (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida: Chiridotidae), with special reference to the ultrastructure of sigmoid bodies. Species diversity, 71, 15 - 20." type="journal article" year="2012">Inoue & Kajihara, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These species share the following characters: similar arrangement and orientation of body wall ossicles (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FEEFAD1F4295F9FB" box="[290,396,1570,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 1E, I</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FE62AD1E412FF9FA" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[431,566,1571,1595]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FE62AD1E412FF9FA" box="[431,566,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FDA0AD1E41E4F9FA" author="Oguro" box="[621,765,1570,1595]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Oguro, C. (1961) The fauna of Akkeshi Bay XXVI. Holothuroidea. Publications from the Akkeshi Marine Biological Station, 11, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1961">Oguro, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FCC4AD1F4053F9FA" box="[777,842,1570,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. S. stepanovi n. sp., ossicles. A – I—two-pointed sigmoids from the body wall (A – H sinistral sigmoids, I—dextral sigmoids; J, K—rods from tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034310/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="14491FEDFF96FFE6FCF1AD1E4053F9FA" box="[828,842,1571,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" unit="in" value="2.0">2</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FCA3AD1E40F6F9FA" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[878,1007,1570,1595]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FCA3AD1E40F6F9FA" box="[878,1007,1570,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); tentacles with narrow elongated and comparatively large to tentacle size digits (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FD6CAD7B41E2F99F" box="[673,763,1606,1631]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 1 F</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FCEDAD7A40B1F99F" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[800,936,1607,1630]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FCEDAD7A40B1F99F" box="[800,936,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FC2DAD7B472DF99E" box="[992,1076,1606,1631]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,481,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of the structure of some species of the genus Scoliorhapis. A – C— S. stepanovi n. sp. A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E— S. lindbergi. D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F— S. theeli, papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G— Taeniogyrus dunedinensis, series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FBA6AD7A467DF99E" author="Inoue" box="[1131,1380,1606,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Inoue, J. & Kajihara, H. (2012) Redescription of Scoliorhapis lindbergi comb. nov. (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida: Chiridotidae), with special reference to the ultrastructure of sigmoid bodies. Species diversity, 71, 15 - 20." type="journal article" year="2012">Inoue, Kajihara, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FABDAD7B43C2F942" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FECEAD56429FF942" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[259,390,1642,1667]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FECEAD56429FF942" box="[259,390,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); intestine with rectal part fixed to same mesenteries; large ovoid midventral Polian vessel connected with the water ring by narrow short duct (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FCEDADB34061F966" box="[800,888,1678,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,481,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of the structure of some species of the genus Scoliorhapis. A – C— S. stepanovi n. sp. A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E— S. lindbergi. D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F— S. theeli, papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G— Taeniogyrus dunedinensis, series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FC6CADB24733F967" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[929,1066,1679,1702]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FC6CADB24733F967" box="[929,1066,1679,1702]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FBABADB247E1F966" author="Oguro" box="[1126,1272,1678,1703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Oguro, C. (1961) The fauna of Akkeshi Bay XXVI. Holothuroidea. Publications from the Akkeshi Marine Biological Station, 11, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1961">Oguro, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FACBADB34647F966" box="[1286,1374,1678,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,481,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of the structure of some species of the genus Scoliorhapis. A – C— S. stepanovi n. sp. A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E— S. lindbergi. D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F— S. theeli, papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G— Taeniogyrus dunedinensis, series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FA4AADB243E5F90A" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FA4AADB243E5F90A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF96FFE6FF0AADEB416CF8BE" blockId="7.[151,1437,1210,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">
|
||
The two-pointed sigmoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FDDBADEA41B8F92F" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[534,673,1751,1774]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FDDBADEA41B8F92F" box="[534,673,1751,1774]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may have been originated by deviating from the usual course of development of sigmoid in the middle stages (cf. two-pointed sigmoids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FBF6ADC647D2F8D2" authorityName="Smirnov & Panina & Sanamyan & Sanamyan" authorityYear="2017" box="[1083,1227,1787,1811]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stepanovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FBF6ADC647D2F8D2" box="[1083,1227,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">S. stepanovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF96FFE6FB2EADC74642F8D2" box="[1251,1371,1786,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. S. stepanovi n. sp., ossicles. A – I—two-pointed sigmoids from the body wall (A – H sinistral sigmoids, I—dextral sigmoids; J, K—rods from tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034310/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Fig. 2A–I</figureCitation>
|
||
) and developmental stages of sigmoids in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF96FFE6FD89AC224073F8F6" baseAuthorityName="Parker" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[580,874,1822,1847]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dunedinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF96FFE6FD89AC224073F8F6" box="[580,874,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="570">Taeniogyrus dunedinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig., 3G). The reduced calcareous ring without radial nerve notch, the medioventral position of the Polian vessel, and, perhaps, intestine without loop are probably paedomorphic characters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF96FFE6FE73AC5B4173F8BE" author="Smirnov" box="[446,618,1894,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="570" refString="Smirnov, A. V. (2015) Paedomorphosis and heterochrony in the origin and evolution of the class Holothuroidea. Paleontological Journal, 49 (14), 1597 - 1615. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1134 / S 003103011514018 X" type="journal article" year="2015">Smirnov, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BABE183FF99FFE9FF0AABA7407EFE12" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF99FFE9FF0AABA7407EFE12" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FF0AABA742D9FF72" ID-CoL="6XXHL" box="[199,448,154,179]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dianthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FF0AABA742D9FF72" box="[199,448,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Scoliorhapis dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1 recently described from the area of Sado,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ABA6F298FF99FFE9FC05ABA64711FF73" box="[968,1032,155,178]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
is very close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FB1BABA64645FF72" ID-CoL="4VRYV" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1238,1372,154,179]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FB1BABA64645FF72" box="[1238,1372,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on a number of characters: external appearance, color and body wall structure with crowded small warts when compressed (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF99FFE9FE9AABDF4168FF3A" author="Solis-Marin" box="[343,625,226,251]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" refString="1. Solis-Marin et al. (2014) writes that " Tentacles devoid of any kind of ossicles " (p. 324), and this feature is used as a diagnostic character in their key of the genus Scoliorhapis (p. 326). At the same page 324 authors stated " Tentacles with sigmoid deposits similar to those in body wall but slightly smaller (55 - 59 µm) (Fig. 2 C) ", which is repeated in the figure caption (p. 326). So the question of the presence or absence of the sigmoids in the tentacles in S. dianthus remain open, although, apparently, authors did not found ossicles in the tentacles in S. dianthus." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Solis-Marin
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FE25ABD9413DFF3A" box="[488,548,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF99FFE9FD4DABDF41C0FF3A" box="[640,729,226,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FCC8ABDE409CFF3A" ID-CoL="6XXHL" box="[773,901,226,251]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dianthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FCC8ABDE409CFF3A" box="[773,901,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF99FFE9FC09ABDF4704FF3A" box="[964,1053,226,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Fig. 1H</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FB84ABDE47D6FF3A" ID-CoL="4VRYV" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1097,1231,226,251]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FB84ABDE47D6FF3A" box="[1097,1231,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the structure of tentacles (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF99FFE9FEE1AA3B4121FEDE" author="Solis-Marin" box="[300,568,262,287]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" refString="1. Solis-Marin et al. (2014) writes that " Tentacles devoid of any kind of ossicles " (p. 324), and this feature is used as a diagnostic character in their key of the genus Scoliorhapis (p. 326). At the same page 324 authors stated " Tentacles with sigmoid deposits similar to those in body wall but slightly smaller (55 - 59 µm) (Fig. 2 C) ", which is repeated in the figure caption (p. 326). So the question of the presence or absence of the sigmoids in the tentacles in S. dianthus remain open, although, apparently, authors did not found ossicles in the tentacles in S. dianthus." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Solis-Marin
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FE75AA3542E9FEDE" box="[440,496,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF99FFE9FD8EAA3B41A1FEDE" box="[579,696,262,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[159,1427,193,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Scoliorhapis stepanovi n. sp. (A – G, I, photos by K. E. Sanamyan) and S. lindbergi (H, photo by A. V. Smirnov). A— S. stepanovi, external view, with clearly visible arrangement of sigmoids in the body wall and calcareous ring; B— S. stepanovi, head part of the body (tentacles and calcareous ring); C— S. stepanovi, arrangement of the sclerites in the body wall; D— S. stepanovi, small relaxed specimen; with intestine without loops clearly visible through the body wall; E— S. stepanovi, tentacles (detail F); F— S. stepanovi, external view; G— S. stepanovi, tentacles of a juveniles specimen with one pair of digits (detail I); H— S. lindbergi, external view; I— S. stepanovi, juvenile specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034308/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FD17AA3A404FFEDE" ID-CoL="6XXHL" box="[730,854,262,287]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dianthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FD17AA3A404FFEDE" box="[730,854,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B8AAE8DFF99FFE9FC41AA3B40C7FEDE" box="[908,990,262,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[174,1363,514,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1431,481,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of the structure of some species of the genus Scoliorhapis. A – C— S. stepanovi n. sp. A—Polian vessel; B—ciliated funnels; C—rods from tentacles; D, E— S. lindbergi. D—Polian vessel (after Oguro, 1965); E—tentacle (from Levin, 1982); F— S. theeli, papillae with the group of sigmoid hooks (from Heding, 1928); G— Taeniogyrus dunedinensis, series of developmental stages of sigmoids (after Mortensen, 1925)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1034312/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FBCCAA3A4798FEDE" ID-CoL="4VRYV" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1025,1153,262,287]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FBCCAA3A4798FEDE" box="[1025,1153,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and number of digits on tentacles (6 pairs of appendages in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FDECAA164187FE82" ID-CoL="6XXHL" box="[545,670,298,323]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dianthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FDECAA164187FE82" box="[545,670,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 3-6 pairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FC91AA1640C4FE82" ID-CoL="4VRYV" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[860,989,298,323]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FC91AA1640C4FE82" box="[860,989,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); sigmoids size is 75 ± 5
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FB3AAA11461CFE82" box="[1271,1285,300,323]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Μ</emphasis>
|
||
m on average in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FF7BAA72422FFEA6" ID-CoL="6XXHL" box="[182,310,334,359]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dianthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FF7BAA72422FFEA6" box="[182,310,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF99FFE9FE8BAA73414DFEA6" author="Solis-Marin" box="[326,596,334,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" refString="1. Solis-Marin et al. (2014) writes that " Tentacles devoid of any kind of ossicles " (p. 324), and this feature is used as a diagnostic character in their key of the genus Scoliorhapis (p. 326). At the same page 324 authors stated " Tentacles with sigmoid deposits similar to those in body wall but slightly smaller (55 - 59 µm) (Fig. 2 C) ", which is repeated in the figure caption (p. 326). So the question of the presence or absence of the sigmoids in the tentacles in S. dianthus remain open, although, apparently, authors did not found ossicles in the tentacles in S. dianthus." type="journal article" year="2014">Solis-Marin et al, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and 70–100
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FD26AA6D41E0FEA6" box="[747,761,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Μ</emphasis>
|
||
m (80
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FCF3AA6D4055FEA6" box="[830,844,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Μ</emphasis>
|
||
m on average) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FBD6AA724786FEA6" ID-CoL="4VRYV" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1051,1183,334,359]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FBD6AA724786FEA6" box="[1051,1183,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF99FFE9FB7CAA72465CFEA6" author="Oguro" box="[1201,1349,334,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" refString="Oguro, C. (1961) The fauna of Akkeshi Bay XXVI. Holothuroidea. Publications from the Akkeshi Marine Biological Station, 11, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1961">Oguro, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF99FFE9FA99AA7343CAFE4A" author="Levin" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" refString="Levin, V. S. (1982) Novye dannye o goloturii Scoliodotella lindbergi (Apoda, Chiridotidae) Zoologicheskii Zhurnal [New data on a sea cucumber Scoliodotella lindbergi (Apoda, Chiridotidae) Zoological Journal], 61 (12), 1916 - 1920. [in Russian with brief English summary]." type="journal article" year="1982">Levin, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF99FFE9FF12AA4E42EBFE4A" author="Inoue" box="[223,498,370,395]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" refString="Inoue, J. & Kajihara, H. (2012) Redescription of Scoliorhapis lindbergi comb. nov. (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida: Chiridotidae), with special reference to the ultrastructure of sigmoid bodies. Species diversity, 71, 15 - 20." type="journal article" year="2012">Inoue & Kajihara, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Thus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FD8BAA4E41DDFE4A" ID-CoL="6XXHL" box="[582,708,370,395]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dianthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FD8BAA4E41DDFE4A" box="[582,708,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FC4EAA4E471CFE4A" ID-CoL="4VRYV" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[899,1029,370,395]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FC4EAA4E471CFE4A" box="[899,1029,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and may be synonymous. We note that both species inhabit the Manchurian subregion of the Pacific Boreal (Steller) region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF99FFE9FBB3AAAB4606FE6E" author="Kusakin" box="[1150,1311,406,431]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" refString="Kusakin, O. G. (1979) Morskie i solonovatovodnye ravnonogie rakoobraznye (Isopoda) kholodnykh i umerennykh vod severnogo polushariya. Podotr. Flabellifera [Marine and brackish isopods (Isopoda) of cold and temperate waters of the northern hemisphere. Suborder Flabellifera]. (Keys to the Fauna of the USSR, 122). Leningrad: " Nauka ". 472 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1979">Kusakin 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B720CFF9FF99FFE9FAE7AAAA467BFE6E" author="Kusakin" box="[1322,1378,407,431]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" refString="Kussakin, O. G. (1990) Biogeography of isopod Crustaceans in the Boreal Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science, 46 (3), 620 - 639." type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FA4AAAAA43E1FE12" ID-CoL="6XXHL" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dianthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FA4AAAAA43E1FE12" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. dianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at its southern borders, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14B1C98BFF99FFE9FDF9AA8641ADFE12" ID-CoL="4VRYV" baseAuthorityName="Djakonov in Djakonov, Baranova et Saveljeva" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[564,692,442,467]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lindbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FDF9AA8641ADFE12" box="[564,692,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">S. lindbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the northern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BABE183FF99FFE9FF0AAAE34056FDFE" pageId="8" pageNumber="571" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D30EB208FF99FFE9FF0AAAE34056FDFE" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1C56E1AFF99FFE9FF0AAAE34257FE36" bold="true" box="[199,334,478,503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for Dr. Vadim Stepanov,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11757CEAFF99FFE9FD1AAAE3404FFE36" box="[727,854,478,503]" country="Russia" name="Kamchatka" pageId="8" pageNumber="571">Kamchatka</collectingRegion>
|
||
branch of the Pacific Geographical Institute, Far- Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, with appreciation for his contribution to systematic and faunistic studies of the sea cucumbers of the Far Eastern Seas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |