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<mods:title id="39D96DC65F33190CD04E22FBD361A8DC">Revision of the genus Aseptis McDunnough (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Xylenini) with a description of two new genera, Paraseptis and Viridiseptis</mods:title>
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<treatment id="3F8BC7C292526136671A81355C4D0167" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152062760" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3F8BC7C292526136671A81355C4D0167" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3F8BC7C292526136671A81355C4D0167" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<subSubSection id="3E5D2557AA19C01C5CDA3FCC37BB5BBA" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="13033FDFB1E528D0EB5AE2131EFA38EF" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Noctuidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B008A31A6F43E3AAB6A85A1E698873C" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="165B8F365D96A39EE45236C51297DFDA" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="4B417EE7C8C4504C34B700597212CDAA" ID-CoL="H9GS" authority="Walker, 1865" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata (Walker, 1865)</taxonomicName>
Figs 25-30, 31-34, 66, 83
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1F9D8362B95CFA1524BF404F10AA3DF6" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6EEC9EB0037731C42012D633B5FB3C07" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="C7DE5EC4FF36B826FFB57FF28529EA8D" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Mamestra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mamestra binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Mamestra binotata</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1865a: 663.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="66D27F8ABE2F0BFE6FFF1DEA1F49B719" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="9D4947E4F1A2636E01E36B0A1942E0F1" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Miana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Miana rubiginosa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">Miana rubiginosa</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1865a: 675.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2DBA9C4A90D3F3A7A1166B6C3B6569A3" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="30E8F3144AF2950AEAEBDDA32F4A653F" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena extersa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extersa">Hadena extersa</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1865b: 728.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EBB50F3DEFA5ADF6DD4757B566024FFD" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="B40FED8E0719A1D344AD136581ED34CF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Taeniocampa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taeniocampa paviae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paviae">Taeniocampa paviae</taxonomicName>
Strecker, 1874: 94, syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F55E7EA674A4CA6B4CB495A464B2B535" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="B4EC41592D18D6C081889CAA750A737F" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena curvata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvata">Hadena curvata</taxonomicName>
Grote, 1874b: 157, syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C514D8032CC9D215F6EBD5381C2E0A4E" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="E7C48083EC37F827AD9891BB9AF4D2F1" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena genitrix" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="genitrix">Hadena genitrix</taxonomicName>
Grote, 1878: 237, syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34404B4D2548B6D3E42CE6D28590FD83" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="30311062F94E00F95FFA061279AFF9CD" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena inconspicua" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inconspicua">Hadena inconspicua</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1893: 142, nomen nudum
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F48F863338D3828C7EA61E75E396D17F" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="EA66B4D92BFC2206EC0BBB9E90342B01" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena dilara" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilara">Hadena dilara</taxonomicName>
Strecker, 1898: 7, syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49382F601CD3467933B5F70437E0F4A7" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="746E5B915BEE0138D2A715FB9BB02CFF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena bultata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bultata">Hadena bultata</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1906: 228, syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0039A1B5AEB04A5C5527F584F835D852" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="F769273E7E1A38DB73674DB81CC270FF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Trachea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachea cara" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cara">Trachea cara</taxonomicName>
Barnes &amp; McDunnough, 1912c: 52, syn. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AB96E791810B7BC93A77CC5A03BA080F" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" type="type material">
<paragraph id="70D0BADB020416D4FDE6E3971CBB7A3D" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="28E97A0DD43C0DB7AA57B3EB8847E523" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="1728955CE79E37E75C9B6F5930D4205D" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Mamestra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mamestra binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Mamestra binotata</taxonomicName>
: Holotype male [BMNH, photograph examined]. Type locality: Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
<taxonomicName id="908C4906F490CD9AC6013C065B555170" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Miana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Miana rubiginosa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">Miana rubiginosa</taxonomicName>
: Holotype male [BMNH, not examined]. Type locality: Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
<taxonomicName id="59F8CACA4152BAF90602092DC9AF6F04" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena extersa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extersa">Hadena extersa</taxonomicName>
: Holotype male [BMNH, photograph examined]. Type locality: Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
<taxonomicName id="4AB1FA396A1C403AFBFFE7D2EC0C4495" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Taeniocampa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taeniocampa paviae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paviae">Taeniocampa paviae</taxonomicName>
: Syntypes [Strecker coll., not examined]. Type locality: California.
<taxonomicName id="85F28F7A8CDFC5133047E82DD02ABC5F" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena curvata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvata">Hadena curvata</taxonomicName>
: Holotype female [BMNH, photograph examined]. Type locality: Mendocino, California.
<taxonomicName id="A65A752F72092E10202159D4258B80CD" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena genitrix" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="genitrix">Hadena genitrix</taxonomicName>
: Holotype female [BMNH, photograph examined]. Type locality: Nevada.
<taxonomicName id="04FA3A1F761B90D603DEE61AC8F96765" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena inconspicua" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inconspicua">Hadena inconspicua</taxonomicName>
: Lectotype male designated by
<bibRefCitation id="02E859868B12F667D60423A30E63341A" author="Todd, EL" journalOrPublisher="United States Department of Agriculture" pageId="33" pageNumber="90" title="The Noctuid type material of John B. Smith (Lepidoptera)." year="1982">Todd (1982)</bibRefCitation>
[USNM, examined]. Type locality: California.
<taxonomicName id="1060F5A21E2024AD2DCAC4C882DB96C0" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena dilara" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilara">Hadena dilara</taxonomicName>
: Holotype female [FMNH, photograph examined]. Type locality: Colorado.
<taxonomicName id="1E2EB86900828C544BFEB666D3A6E7C8" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena bultata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bultata">Hadena bultata</taxonomicName>
: Lectotype male designated by
<bibRefCitation id="3AB5FDF380264BC5FB2D00DAD9E83F58" author="Todd, EL" journalOrPublisher="United States Department of Agriculture" pageId="33" pageNumber="90" title="The Noctuid type material of John B. Smith (Lepidoptera)." year="1982">Todd (1982)</bibRefCitation>
[AMNH, examined]. Type locality: Glenwood Springs, Colorado.
<taxonomicName id="A4F930C17DD3B333245C1C5C254C5970" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Trachea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trachea cara" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cara">Trachea cara</taxonomicName>
: Syntypes [USNM, examined]. Type locality: Eureka and Provo, Utah.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05C2D8EA55CDE72FDF323493DE97F8E9" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5DD1626E08FCFB0C02031297F33A56C2" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A8139F632ABDF6968526E0D24BFBA9F" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="DC8F8C491B7B8C47D23A8128026B669A" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
is a common medium-sized member of the genus with a wingspan of 32.5
<normalizedToken id="441646B3E7DFA33F90F8511DF3111599" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.3 mm (n=25; range 29.5-35.0 mm). It is the most variable
<taxonomicName id="99BC8BF6BE71FC3F5B6CC893FE4906AA" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aseptis</taxonomicName>
with respect to forewing color and pattern strength. It may be brownish, warm dark brown, pale to medium gray brown, yellowish light brown, or reddish brown depending on locality. The most noticeable marking in dark specimens is the large pale yellowish postreniform patch, which is bisected by the dark postmedial line. The antemedial line is strongly convex laterally and is filled with light tan. Black forewing markings include a series of wedges near the outer margin below the apex, the outlines of the three forewing spots, and in most specimens a short black basal dash. Pale specimens can be washed out or have contrasting dark markings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5001EAE6CB653AE74625302B17774D61" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
There is striking variation in this species, both within populations and over larger distances. Specimens from the coastal region of the Pacific Northwest are fairly uniform with a warm dark brown forewing with distinct maculation (Fig. 25). Southern California specimens of
<taxonomicName id="3BA06C5F8E9A149294EF0CC42E32CFDB" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
range from nearly as dark (Fig. 26) as Northwestern ones to pale reddish, tan, or pale gray brown with a less contrasting postreniform patch (e.g., Fig. 27). These pale forms were described as
<taxonomicName id="10F28DFEFEA14B57A987779484059206" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena curvata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvata">Hadena curvata</taxonomicName>
Grote and
<taxonomicName id="8FB7CEC5B03A5412BC1762785F315710" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Taeniocampa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taeniocampa paviae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paviae">Taeniocampa paviae</taxonomicName>
Strecker. Populations from drier habitats east of the coastal mountains also tend to be pale and more uniform in color, often with gray tones (Figs 28, 29). Populations from near the Rocky Mountains are also variable, mostly dull gray brown (Figs 30, 31, but those from areas of Colorado, Utah, and New Mexico with reddish substrate are yellow tan to orange tan, often with reduced dark patterns (Figs 32-34). These colorful morphs were described as
<taxonomicName id="E7CEF342E134C37DE936D8598BB72D50" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena dilara" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilara">Hadena dilara</taxonomicName>
Strecker and
<taxonomicName id="380886739067614629D930AC9F85EA68" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadena bultata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bultata">Hadena bultata</taxonomicName>
Smith.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8CDC2F50F17116C01E14A2BA2D23B595" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<paragraph id="AB3A5F75AC58CC1B15DE37AF1E1F8000" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
Figures 31-42.
<taxonomicName id="A253739B1FB5E0CA5B639551D1A349E4" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aseptis</taxonomicName>
adults. 31
<taxonomicName id="4CB7AE323DE273EDD5BCA9DD260E1813" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
, male (Laramie Co., WY) 32
<taxonomicName id="6E36E59DD5BB10B9D8898A6A0BA5CEBA" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
, female (Glenwood Springs, CO) 33
<taxonomicName id="6FA59E100981D62B5EAA02F5B6A7331C" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
, male (San Juan Co., UT) 34
<taxonomicName id="015CC15313A148B1BFF39743902BC61B" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
, female (Garfield Co., UT) 35
<taxonomicName id="E88C7BE4A8D3C3E8F42C0C4A8F06545D" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis catalina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catalina">Aseptis catalina</taxonomicName>
, male (San Diego Co., CA) 36
<taxonomicName id="C44132F6C36D1D011AA1B669A08B76D6" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis catalina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catalina">Aseptis catalina</taxonomicName>
, female (San Diego Co., CA) 37
<taxonomicName id="7A01FE217B8BD01D87C58DDC64A288B7" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis serrula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrula">Aseptis serrula</taxonomicName>
, male (Imperial Co., CA) 38
<taxonomicName id="30EF63C8430A67951FF1A8597432A1DF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis serrula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrula">Aseptis serrula</taxonomicName>
, female (San Bernardino Co., CA) 39
<taxonomicName id="029057351C560C3C062EF6EFA8D964B2" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis torreyana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torreyana">Aseptis torreyana</taxonomicName>
, female (San Diego Co., CA) 40
<taxonomicName id="C81FB762A30F6D96E61667091D03AE74" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis susquesa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susquesa">Aseptis susquesa</taxonomicName>
, male (San Diego Co., CA) 41
<taxonomicName id="AB73CD7DFD7C70FA5FD1C5B7DB4B7907" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis susquesa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susquesa">Aseptis susquesa</taxonomicName>
, male (San Diego Co., CA) 42
<taxonomicName id="627E8A1D0DDB56B75D16041874347D2D" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis susquesa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="susquesa">Aseptis susquesa</taxonomicName>
, female (San Diego Co., CA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3C58802B7A7B441E564EBC08F1396431" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="B357634A0794921680C106B33D950399" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
have a valve with a curved upright ampulla, a long downwardly curving digitus, and a weak constriction at the base of the cucullus. The vesica is average in size for the genus with a single long apical cornutus and two small diverticula located at the base and mid-portion. The female bursa is 1.3
<normalizedToken id="23F0FA2D33BB1813986A5677D82E4CF0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, has distinct signa, and a short slightly bent appendix bursae with a crenulate shape.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E74D051C5BA41E8F79C065D7A0ACDB9" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
Most specimens of
<taxonomicName id="F1F5AB9BF174D730552C0F56AA42387C" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
can be recognized, despite the variation in this species, by their brownish color and pale postreniform patch. They are most likely to be confused with
<taxonomicName id="A69911E4DBE11CB2DE79A4670FA2CE5C" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Paraseptis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraseptis adnixa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adnixa">Paraseptis adnixa</taxonomicName>
, which occurs with it in the Pacific Coast states. The basal dash of
<taxonomicName id="93EF84906B78F5C0F314D03433E776EF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
is short, not reaching the antemedial line, whereas that of
<taxonomicName id="8993098A996C169600002E17D6F59842" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Paraseptis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraseptis adnixa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adnixa">Paraseptis adnixa</taxonomicName>
extends to the antemedial line. Structurally, the male vesica of
<taxonomicName id="25AB057DEA3BF742824DAC20CA7B63E8" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Paraseptis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraseptis adnixa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adnixa">Paraseptis adnixa</taxonomicName>
is coiled and lacks a large apical cornutus, and the female ductus bursae has a sclerotized plate in its posterior wall, unlike those of
<taxonomicName id="9127F178E7FD1368B16770716D2AC454" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aseptis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C933DABB4FD298BAC5240639548B565B" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" type="distribution and biology">
<paragraph id="F89831330E8421F46476C1C47E4ACCB3" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4831949ACBD326BAA29B4E15EA95130C" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
This species is widespread in western North America west of south-central Alberta, Wyoming, and Nebraska. Along the Pacific Coast it occurs from northern Mexico to south-central British Columbia. It can be found from sea level to altitudes over 2000 m in a variety of habitats from dense forest to shrub desert. In the south the flight begins in March at low elevations and in April to July in the mountains. In the north the flight begins later and lasts into August. The larva is green with a white and red lateral stripe. It feeds on numerous woody shrubs, including
<taxonomicName id="00C6B1CB78D951F2EC283BF1B63458D4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Grossulariaceae" genus="Ribes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ribes" order="Saxifragales" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ribes</taxonomicName>
spp. (
<taxonomicName id="17F9E402D7DE555F10720245E1DBF515" family="Grossulariaceae" lsidName="Xylenina" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="family">Grossulariaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="F4B5F2E41B80E83F47A18B0E238FD595" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Oemleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oemleria cerasiformis" order="Rosales" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerasiformis">Oemleria cerasiformis</taxonomicName>
(Torr. &amp; Gray ex Hook. &amp; Arn.) (
<taxonomicName id="5028D039C51E26F2DC49B93F69DDC4B9" family="Rosaceae" lsidName="Xylenina" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="FD985D3A51E4A8CDCA4983A43B230A04" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
spp. (
<taxonomicName id="875542E27B4F44811A96404A506693D2" family="Salicaceae" lsidName="Xylenina" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="8603692DB95FFDC45A09FC8C182DB0E9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer" order="Sapindales" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acer</taxonomicName>
spp. (
<taxonomicName id="8712921335A3BEDDC4C5E5018A306144" family="Aceraceae" lsidName="Xylenina" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="family">Aceraceae</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="BB89EE5E5CA0211B4439DB91BC03F3CE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Symphoricarpos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Symphoricarpos" order="Dipsacales" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Symphoricarpos</taxonomicName>
spp. (
<taxonomicName id="D3CB27886C42FA533A30229212BF091D" family="Caprifoliaceae" lsidName="Xylenina" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="family">Caprifoliaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="88685E957F3E2F5698D79CE091AE7B2C" author="Miller, JC" journalOrPublisher="Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West Virginia" pageId="32" pageNumber="89" title="Macromoths of northwest forests and woodlands. U. S." year="2000">Miller and Hammond 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A8C0C49D4C0914CB91708F416BF5604A" author="Miller, JC" journalOrPublisher="Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Technology Transfer, FHTET- 2003 - 03, USDA Forest Service, Morgantown, West Virginia" pageId="32" pageNumber="89" title="Lepidoptera of the Pacific Northwest: caterpillars and adults." year="2003">Miller and Hammond 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="4FE19FE995834B6EC7CC22FAC5EFAA13" author="Hampson, GF" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="31" pageNumber="88" title="Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum" year="1908">Hampson (1908)</bibRefCitation>
mentions
<taxonomicName id="449C17218F7C39F5258CF702D654E0C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Adenostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Adenostoma fasciculatum" order="Rosales" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculatum">Adenostoma fasciculatum</taxonomicName>
Hook. &amp; Arn. (
<taxonomicName id="24EBF60463259635796F12480529ECBF" family="Rosaceae" lsidName="Xylenina" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
) as a foodplant and
<bibRefCitation id="AF5B352CB629351959D51C87BA9E97D6" author="Crabtree, LL" journalOrPublisher="The Taxonomic Report" pageId="31" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 7" title="Records for the utilization of Prunus as a larval foodplant by 71 species of Lepidoptera in northeast California." volume="2" year="2000">Crabtree and Leuschner (2000)</bibRefCitation>
found larvae on
<taxonomicName id="BAF9AB73C403862C20F48E79E81123EA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prunus emarginata" order="Rosales" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">Prunus emarginata</taxonomicName>
(Douglas ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,
<taxonomicName id="D7DE8ECE8E9C19FA127052712FB31271" basionym-authority="(L.)" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prunus virginiana var. demissa" order="Rosales" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="virginiana" variety="demissa">Prunus virginiana (L.) var. demissa</taxonomicName>
(Nutt.) Torr., and
<taxonomicName id="A835077B1962B178363025723B3B01B7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prunus subcordata" order="Rosales" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subcordata">Prunus subcordata</taxonomicName>
Benth. (
<taxonomicName id="A04990B47414A8650A29F4AA4E6906CA" family="Rosaceae" lsidName="Xylenina" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7C4D8415B588770ED4F3BC8311E3CE84" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="015138976C48E6A2CFF76FF20CF39797" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4761A9C2B2B2B9FE909F999FD7038540" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
Despite the superficial variability of
<taxonomicName id="FAE375A03B29F7FF5ACCCE97239006FC" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
the male and female genitalia and CO1 barcodes of this species are remarkably uniform. Barcodes from parts of its northern distribution differ by circa 1% from other populations but there is almost no variation elsewhere, including the reddish forms in the Southwest or the variable California populations. We do not advocate the use of subspecies in
<taxonomicName id="82D451BBC3B755A50147BEF553B370D9" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Aseptis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aseptis binotata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">Aseptis binotata</taxonomicName>
because the variation is clinal and because of significant variation in color within populations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9D2A823103D36FB3B3C69E76836E6B1B" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
The species name
<taxonomicName id="22622EC6148BD1D0B20EC4B4165A991A" genus="Xylenina" lsidName="Xylenina genitrix" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="genitrix">genitrix</taxonomicName>
has often been misspelled as &quot;
<taxonomicName id="2B4D9F830E7D44E4DE082B1D473E2DFF" genus="Xylenina" lsidName="Xylenina genetrix" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="genetrix">genetrix</taxonomicName>
&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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