treatments-xml/data/3F/61/1B/3F611B55FFAE1777E1BEFBFFFAEEFCA0.xml

<document id="447FFDF67355A9A6AAB6BF031E476B30" ID-CLB-Dataset="110335" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5165.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bea85c86-53b8-42fb-a58b-14f6dfdb9b5d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838312" ID-ZooBank="99B81CA6-28B2-4678-84BF-53B6F891B388" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657876643913" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mendes, Gabriela Caroline, Nascimento, Jeane Marcelle Cavalcante Do, Fusari, Lívia Maria, Santos, Mireile Reis Dos &amp; Hamada, Neusa" docDate="2022" docId="3F611B55FFAE1777E1BEFBFFFAEEFCA0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5165.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5165 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ilyobius erebus Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="359" masterDocId="C358632DFFAD177AE129FF9DFFD4FF99" masterDocTitle="A new species of Ilyobius Enderlein, 1910 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) from a threatened region in the Mantiqueira Mountain range (Brazil)" masterLastPageNumber="364" masterPageNumber="346" pageNumber="349" updateTime="1699359071502" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5D473B96EE73D62249B5CB03662B5ABF">A new species of Ilyobius Enderlein, 1910 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) from a threatened region in the Mantiqueira Mountain range (Brazil)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C11E5BA4B8B2E5033AB233EEBC1A632B">Mendes, Gabriela Caroline</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E28FD08B61DE494D8A07D5778FD4BF01">Nascimento, Jeane Marcelle Cavalcante Do</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7D1A56A9560BDF7E1283FCD657442B13">Fusari, Lívia Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5F7C465BDFF991A91A827D7B35317B97">Departamento de Hidrobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil. liviafusari @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1107 - 2785</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="76362F7B9F839D7CF9D85EBC76E57116">Santos, Mireile Reis Dos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="71BE25223022F01B5CAF224FA46311C9">Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS), Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil. mireile. santos @ ifsuldeminas. edu. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6375 - 0077</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FD06C0B5185C257DB962B8AA05CEA063">Hamada, Neusa</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E1BEFBFFFE84FBE4" bold="true" box="[151,336,1122,1149]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
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Mendes, Nascimento, Fusari &amp; Hamada
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(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E1B6FB1AFEC5FB38" box="[159,273,1159,1185]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStart-5="FIGURE 7" captionStart-6="FIGURE 8" captionStart-7="FIGURE 9" captionStart-8="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1259,1283]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1532,1556]" captionStartId-4="8.[151,250,1550,1574]" captionStartId-5="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionStartId-6="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionStartId-7="11.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionStartId-8="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox-0="[193,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1422,198,1215]" captionTargetBox-2="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetBox-3="[168,1410,326,1479]" captionTargetBox-4="[162,1435,193,1504]" captionTargetBox-5="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetBox-6="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetBox-7="[184,1398,340,1894]" captionTargetBox-8="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@4.[176,1412,181,1929]" captionTargetId-1="figure-22@5.[151,1435,181,1236]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetId-3="figure-84@7.[151,1435,309,1509]" captionTargetId-4="figure-19@8.[151,1435,181,1526]" captionTargetId-5="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetId-6="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetId-7="figure-91@11.[151,1435,309,1930]" captionTargetId-8="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionTargetPageId-5="9" captionTargetPageId-6="10" captionTargetPageId-7="11" captionTargetPageId-8="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male, forewing (A) and hindwing (B). Scale bars = 2 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) genitalia, dorsal; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., paratype male genitalia. (A) fringed thorny setae on membranous endophalic sac, general view, (B) same, detail. Ilyobius hauseri (Contreras-Ramos, Fiorentin &amp; Urakami, 2005) (Megaloptera: Sialidae), additional specimen collected in the type locality of species, male genitalia. (C) fringed thorny setae on membranous endophalic sac, general view, (D), (E) same, details. Scale bars, A = 0.1 mm; B = 0.01 mm; C = 0.03 mm; D, E = 0.01 mm." captionText-5="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." captionText-7="FIGURE 9. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) labrum, dorsal; (B) maxillolabial complex, ventral; (C) mandible, ventral; (D) antenna. Scale bars, A–D = 0.5 mm." captionText-8="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838322" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838326" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838328" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838334" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6838322/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/6838326/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/6838328/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/6838334/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Figs 2–10</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E1BEFB53FE43FB71" bold="true" box="[151,407,1230,1256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
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:
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male (pinned), with associated pupal and last instar exuviae in glycerin. 
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAE1779E1EEFAA6FE3CFA58" blockId="3.[151,1437,1230,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">
<materialsCitation id="07A0A01EFFAE1779E1EEFAA6FE3CFA58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3868086302" collectingDate="2021-06-16" collectionCode="INPA, MZUSP" collectorName="N. Hamada &amp; L. M. Fusari &amp; J. O. da Silva &amp; Santos" country="Brazil" latitude="-21.892666" location="Morro do Ferro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.551167" municipality="Pocos de Caldas" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E1EEFAA6FE92FACC" bold="true" box="[199,326,1339,1365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">
<typeStatus id="687314E1FFAE1779E1EEFAA6FE95FACC" box="[199,321,1339,1365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Same data as holotype: 
<specimenCount id="A1CE61CAFFAE1779E375FAA6FD01FACC" box="[604,725,1339,1365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
: one pinned (
<collectionCode id="D1D93286FFAE1779E245FAA6FC65FACC" box="[876,945,1339,1365]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">INPA</collectionCode>
), one fixed in 80% alcohol (
<collectionCode id="D1D93286FFAE1779E5DAFAA6FA82FACC" box="[1267,1366,1339,1365]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">MZUSP</collectionCode>
), with pupae and exuviae of the last-instar larvae in glycerin; 
<specimenCount id="A1CE61CAFFAE1779E3D5FAC2FC43FAE0" box="[764,919,1375,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" type="female">three females</specimenCount>
: one pinned (
<collectionCode id="D1D93286FFAE1779E503FAC2FBBBFAE0" box="[1066,1135,1375,1401]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">INPA</collectionCode>
), two fixed in alcohol 80% (one at 
<collectionCode id="D1D93286FFAE1779E1C7FA1EFEE4FA04" box="[238,304,1411,1437]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">INPA</collectionCode>
, one at 
<collectionCode id="D1D93286FFAE1779E0A2FA1EFE39FA04" box="[395,493,1411,1437]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">MZUSP</collectionCode>
), with pupae and exuviae of the last instar larvae in glycerin; one last-instar larvae (
<collectionCode id="D1D93286FFAE1779E1B6FA3AFF30FA58" box="[159,228,1447,1473]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">INPA</collectionCode>
), fixed in 80% alcohol.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FFD2F9C8FFAE1779E1EEFA57FB5AF8B0" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAE1779E1EEFA57FB5AF8B0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1230,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E1EEFA57FE96FA7D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1482,1508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFAE1779E061FA56FE26FA7C" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[328,498,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E061FA56FE26FA7C" box="[328,498,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E0D1FA56FD84FA7C" bold="true" box="[504,592,1483,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFAE1779E0D1FA56FD84FA7C" box="[504,592,1483,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is distinguished from all other species in the genus by the following characters. Head and pronotum are almost completely blackish, covered with golden setae (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E565FA72FB1DF990" box="[1100,1225,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[176,1412,181,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 2A–D</figureCitation>
). Male sternite 9 is trifurcate, with medial projection longer than lateral ones, in caudal view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E2F5F98EFB8CF9B4" box="[988,1112,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 9 is robust and subtriangular in lateral view. Ectoproct is rounded in lateral view, with ventral margin fused to gonocoxite 11 (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E446F9AAFF09F9EC" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 11 is L-shaped in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E3F5F9C6FC83F9EC" box="[732,855,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
), and divided into two sclerites medially connected in caudal view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E064F9E2FE1DF900" box="[333,457,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
). Gonostylus 11 is pointed and projected upwards in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E591F9E2FAE0F900" box="[1208,1332,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
). Female sternite 7 subtriangular in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E371F93EFD07F924" box="[600,723,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
), with thumb-shaped projection on distal margin in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E1B6F95AFEC9F978" box="[159,285,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 8 is reduced, located beneath sternite 7 (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E2A6F95AFC3CF978" box="[911,1000,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
). Gonapophysis 8 is subrectangular in shape, with anterior margin concave, posterior margin convex, and anterolateral corners falcate in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E446F976FF0AF8B0" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
). Mature larva head is orange-brown, with darker areas on anterior region (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E500F892FB55F8B0" box="[1065,1153,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FFD2F9C8FFAE1777E1EEF8AFFB7DFD54" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" type="description">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAE1779E1EEF8AFFD25F80C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1230,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E1EEF8AFFE75F8D4" bold="true" box="[199,417,1842,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">
Description. 
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E049F8AFFE75F8D4" bold="true" box="[352,417,1842,1869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Male.</emphasis>
</emphasis>
Body length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAE1779E3B5F8AEFCD4F8D4" box="[668,768,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.17" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="7.17">7.17 mm</quantity>
(Standard deviation (SD) ± 0.391, n = 3); Forewing length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAE1779E1DBF8CAFE82F8E8" box="[242,342,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.18" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="9.18">9.18 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.839, n = 3); width: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAE1779E3C6F8CBFC87F8E8" box="[751,851,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="2.54">2.54 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.361, n = 3); hindwing, length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAE1779E442F8CBFF17F80C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="8.25">8.25 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 1.06, n = 3); width: 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAE1779E0DDF8E7FD43F80C" box="[500,663,1914,1941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.825" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.55" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="2.825" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.55">2.55–3.10 mm</quantity>
(n = 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAE1779E1EEF802FA9FF844" blockId="3.[151,1437,1230,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAE1779E1EEF802FED0F820" box="[199,260,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAE1779E03AF802FE5BF820" box="[275,399,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[176,1412,181,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="349">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
). Width (at the widest point): mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAE1779E213F802FC4AF820" box="[826,926,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="1.64">1.64 mm</quantity>
(SD± 0.086, n = 3); length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAE1779E411F802FA49F820" box="[1336,1437,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="1.17">1.17 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.081, n = 3); region between the posterior margin of the eyes: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAE1779E2D6F85FFBB7F844" box="[1023,1123,1986,2013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="3" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="1.55">1.55 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.065, n = 3).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFA9177EE1BEF83CFC8CF844" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" startId="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" targetBox="[193,1392,194,1905]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA9177EE1BEF83CFC8CF844" blockId="4.[151,1437,1953,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA9177EE1BEF83CFEC6F820" bold="true" box="[151,274,1953,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA9177EE03EF83CFE65F820" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[279,433,1953,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA9177EE03EF83CFE65F820" box="[279,433,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA9177EE09FF83CFDD1F820" bold="true" box="[438,517,1953,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFA9177EE09FF83CFDD1F820" box="[438,517,1953,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="350" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFA8177FE1BEFB76FB10FA9A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838322" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838322" box="[151,1220,1259,1284]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351" startId="5.[151,250,1259,1283]" targetBox="[174,1422,198,1215]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA8177FE1BEFB76FB10FA9A" blockId="5.[151,1220,1259,1284]" box="[151,1220,1259,1284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA8177FE1BEFB76FEC7FA9D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1259,1284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA8177FE030FB71FE60FA9D" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,436,1260,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA8177FE030FB71FE60FA9D" box="[281,436,1260,1284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA8177FE093FB71FDDFFA9D" bold="true" box="[442,523,1260,1284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFA8177FE093FB71FDDFFA9D" box="[442,523,1260,1284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype male, forewing (A) and hindwing (B). Scale bars = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA8177FE1BEFAAFFA85FA45" blockId="5.[151,1437,1330,2040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">
General color blackish, except region of gena, surrounded by dark orange-brown area in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA8177FE41BFAAFFA5BFAD5" box="[1330,1423,1330,1356]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[176,1412,181,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
); densely covered with golden setae. Scape, pedicel and flagellum blackish, with 30 flagellomeres, densely covered with black setae. Frons with a slight depression between the antennae (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA8177FE2ECFAE7FBCBFA0D" box="[965,1055,1402,1428]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[176,1412,181,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Posterior region with numerous muscle scars (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA8177FE01EFA03FE44FA21" box="[311,400,1438,1464]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[176,1412,181,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Clypeus and labrum dark brown, densely covered with golden setae; clypeus with median concavity; maxillary and labial palpi dark brown, densely covered with golden and blackish setae (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA8177FE5C3FA5FFA91FA45" box="[1258,1349,1474,1500]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[176,1412,181,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA8177FE1EEFA7BFD40F9D1" blockId="5.[151,1437,1330,2040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA8177FE1EEFA7BFECCF999" box="[199,280,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA8177FE001FA7BFE57F999" box="[296,387,1510,1536]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[176,1412,181,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) habitus, lateral; (C) head and pronotum, dorsal; (D) head and pronotum, lateral. Scale bars, A, B = 2 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Pronotum blackish, rectangular; width: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA8177FE298FA7BFBC2F999" box="[945,1046,1510,1537]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="1.54">1.54 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.097, n = 3); length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA8177FE187F997FEC5F9BD" box="[174,273,1546,1573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.063, n = 3), densely covered with golden setae. Meso- and metanotum blackish, subrectangular and densely covered with short, golden setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA8177FE1EEF9CEFF3DF941" blockId="5.[151,1437,1330,2040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA8177FE1EEF9CEFED0F9F5" box="[199,260,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Legs.</emphasis>
Dark brown, densely covered with golden setae; fore femur shorter than mid- and hind femur and slightly expanded. Tibial spurs short, yellow. Basitarsi of fore- and midleg short, slightly smaller than second and third tarsomeres together; longer on hind leg, slightly larger than second and third tarsomeres together. Pretarsal claws yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA8177FE1EEF97EFB4DF861" blockId="5.[151,1437,1330,2040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA8177FE1EEF97EFEDFF965" box="[199,267,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA8177FE032F97FFE47F965" box="[283,403,1762,1788]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1259,1283]" captionTargetBox="[174,1422,198,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-22@5.[151,1435,181,1236]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male, forewing (A) and hindwing (B). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
). Membrane translucent dark brown in alcohol and iridescent blackish 
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA8177FE59DF97EFAD2F965" box="[1204,1286,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">in vivo,</emphasis>
densely covered with golden setae. Veins light brown, pterostigma absent. Forewing: costal area slightly expanded on proximal 1/3 of the wing length, with nine crossveins; radial area with three crossveins; RP with two branches; M bifurcated near mid-length of wing; MA unforked; MP bifurcated near posterior wing margin; mediocubital area with three crossveins; CuA bifurcated near posterior margin; CuP not bifurcated. Intracubital area with a single crossvein. Area between A1 and A2 with a single crossvein; A2 forked before R fork. Area between A2 and A3 with a single crossvein. Hindwing: similar to forewing; costal area undilated, with nine crossveins; radial area with four crossveins; mediocubital area with a single crossvein; MP not bifurcated; anal area expanded (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA8177FE51DF843FB58F861" box="[1076,1164,2014,2040]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1259,1283]" captionTargetBox="[174,1422,198,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-22@5.[151,1435,181,1236]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male, forewing (A) and hindwing (B). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="351">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFAB177CE1BEF9D9FB18F919" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352" startId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" targetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAB177CE1BEF9D9FB18F919" blockId="6.[151,1436,1604,1664]" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAB177CE1BEF9D9FEC7F9C5" bold="true" box="[151,275,1604,1628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFAB177CE030F9D9FE60F9C5" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,436,1604,1628]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAB177CE030F9D9FE60F9C5" box="[281,436,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAB177CE090F9D9FDDEF9C5" bold="true" box="[441,522,1604,1628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFAB177CE090F9D9FDDEF9C5" box="[441,522,1604,1628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="352" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAB177CE1EEF933FCE3F950" blockId="6.[151,1437,1710,2025]" box="[199,823,1710,1737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAB177CE1EEF933FEEDF951" box="[199,313,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Blackish, densely covered with golden setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAB177DE1EEF94FFCDDFE84" blockId="6.[151,1437,1710,2025]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,150,285]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAB177CE1EEF94FFEE5F975" box="[199,305,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE069F94FFE14F975" box="[320,448,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Figs 4A–D</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE0E2F94FFDC7F974" box="[459,531,1746,1773]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[168,1410,326,1479]" captionTargetId="figure-84@7.[151,1435,309,1509]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) genitalia, dorsal; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838326/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">5A–D</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE337F94FFDB7F975" box="[542,611,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1550,1574]" captionTargetBox="[162,1435,193,1504]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1435,181,1526]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., paratype male genitalia. (A) fringed thorny setae on membranous endophalic sac, general view, (B) same, detail. Ilyobius hauseri (Contreras-Ramos, Fiorentin &amp; Urakami, 2005) (Megaloptera: Sialidae), additional specimen collected in the type locality of species, male genitalia. (C) fringed thorny setae on membranous endophalic sac, general view, (D), (E) same, details. Scale bars, A = 0.1 mm; B = 0.01 mm; C = 0.03 mm; D, E = 0.01 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838328/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">6A, B</figureCitation>
). Tergite 9 sclerotized, densely setose; subtriangular with rounded margin in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE061F96BFE16F889" box="[328,450,1782,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
); in dorsal view, sub-rectangular; basal margin concave, distal margin convex (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE417F96BFF78F8AD" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[168,1410,326,1479]" captionTargetId="figure-84@7.[151,1435,309,1509]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) genitalia, dorsal; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838326/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
). Sternite 9 trifurcate in caudal view, sparsely setose, central projection longer than lateral ones (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE5DDF887FAA4F8AD" box="[1268,1392,1818,1844]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
); in lateral view, medial projection wider medially (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE38AF8A3FCCEF8C1" box="[675,794,1854,1880]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
); in ventral view, only medial projection is visible, the lateral ones are not visible (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE082F8FFFDF0F8E5" box="[427,548,1890,1917]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[168,1410,326,1479]" captionTargetId="figure-84@7.[151,1435,309,1509]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) genitalia, dorsal; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838326/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Fig. 5C, D</figureCitation>
). Endophalic sac membranous, eversible, with several fringed thorny setae (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE446F8FFFF0AF839" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1550,1574]" captionTargetBox="[162,1435,193,1504]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1435,181,1526]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., paratype male genitalia. (A) fringed thorny setae on membranous endophalic sac, general view, (B) same, detail. Ilyobius hauseri (Contreras-Ramos, Fiorentin &amp; Urakami, 2005) (Megaloptera: Sialidae), additional specimen collected in the type locality of species, male genitalia. (C) fringed thorny setae on membranous endophalic sac, general view, (D), (E) same, details. Scale bars, A = 0.1 mm; B = 0.01 mm; C = 0.03 mm; D, E = 0.01 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838328/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Fig. 6A, B</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 9 robust, setose; in lateral view, subtriangular with rounded apex, slightly concave in dorsal region, near the rounded apex (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAB177CE0DAF837FDB8F85D" box="[499,620,1962,1988]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="352">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
). Anal tubercle membranous. Ectoprocts paired, in lateral view, rounded; dorsal margins convex, ventral margins straight, posteriorly directed, with proximal margins fused to gonocoxite 11 (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAA177DE1B6FF0AFEC3FF28" box="[159,279,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
); in dorsal view, subtriangular, internal margins concave (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAA177DE2B1FF0AFBDBFF28" box="[920,1039,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[168,1410,326,1479]" captionTargetId="figure-84@7.[151,1435,309,1509]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype male. (A) genitalia, dorsal; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 11 L-shaped in lateral view, distal region pointed at apex and projected upwards, representing gonostylus 11 (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAA177DE545FF26FB33FF4C" box="[1132,1255,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
); gonocoxite 11 divided into two sclerites that are medially directed and connected by a membranous region in caudal view, setose (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFAA177DE1B6FE9EFECEFE84" box="[159,282,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[170,1407,198,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1580]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., holotype, male. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, caudal; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838324/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
); each sclerite with internal margin sinuous.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFAA177DE1BEFA61FB04F9A1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" startId="7.[151,250,1532,1556]" targetBox="[168,1410,326,1479]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAA177DE1BEFA61FB04F9A1" blockId="7.[151,1436,1532,1593]" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAA177DE1BEFA61FED9F98C" bold="true" box="[151,269,1532,1557]" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFAA177DE033FA61FE61F98D" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[282,437,1532,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAA177DE033FA61FE61F98D" box="[282,437,1532,1556]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAA177DE092FA60FDD8F98C" bold="true" box="[443,524,1533,1557]" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFAA177DE092FA60FDD8F98C" box="[443,524,1533,1557]" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype male. (A) genitalia, dorsal; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAA177DE1EEF9FBFDE9F950" blockId="7.[151,1437,1638,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAA177DE1EEF9FBFEF1F918" bold="true" box="[199,293,1638,1665]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">Female.</emphasis>
Body length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE334F9FBFD5AF918" box="[541,654,1638,1665]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.051" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="10.51">10.51 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.375, n = 3); forewing length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE5BCF9FAFAD2F918" box="[1173,1286,1639,1665]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.076" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="10.76">10.76 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.189, n = 3); width: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE0B9F916FE27F93C" box="[400,499,1675,1701]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.19" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="3.19">3.19 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.249, n = 3). Hindwing length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE52DF917FBBCF93C" box="[1028,1128,1674,1701]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="9.25">9.25 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.573, n = 3); width: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE1DBF933FE82F950" box="[242,342,1710,1737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.53" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="3.53">3.53 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.166, n = 3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAA177DE1EEF94EFCBBF974" blockId="7.[151,1437,1638,1989]" box="[199,879,1747,1773]" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">General coloration and external morphology similar to male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAA177DE1EEF96AFDFEF8C0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1638,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAA177DE1EEF96AFED0F888" box="[199,260,1783,1809]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">Head</emphasis>
. Width (widest region): mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE358F96AFD01F888" box="[625,725,1783,1809]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.10 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.034, n = 3); length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE55CF96BFB0DF888" box="[1141,1241,1782,1809]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.51" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="1.51">1.51 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.134, n = 3); region between the posterior margin of the eyes: mean= 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE218F886FC40F8AC" box="[817,916,1819,1845]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="1.98">1.98 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.038, n = 3); scape, pedicel and flagellum blackish with 32 flagellomeres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFAA177DE1EEF8FEFC83F85C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1638,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFAA177DE1EEF8FEFECCF8E4" box="[199,280,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="353">Thorax</emphasis>
. Pronotum: width: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE365F8FEFD64F8E4" box="[588,688,1891,1917]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="1.98">1.98 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.046, n = 3); length: mean = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFAA177DE579F8FEFB60F8E4" box="[1104,1204,1891,1917]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="353" unit="mm" value="0.99">0.99 mm</quantity>
(SD ± 0.042, n = 3). Forewing: costal area with nine crossveins; area between M and CuA with two crossveins. Hindwing: similar to forewing; costal area with eight crossveins; MP not bifurcated.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFA51772E1BEF993FB64F90B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838328" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838328/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354" startId="8.[151,250,1550,1574]" targetBox="[162,1435,193,1504]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA51772E1BEF993FB64F90B" blockId="8.[151,1437,1550,1683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA51772E1BEF993FEC7F9BF" bold="true" box="[151,275,1550,1574]" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA51772E030F993FE67F9BF" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,435,1550,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA51772E030F993FE67F9BF" box="[281,435,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA51772E090F993FDDDF9BF" bold="true" box="[441,521,1550,1574]" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFA51772E090F993FDDDF9BF" box="[441,521,1550,1574]" pageId="8" pageNumber="354" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype male genitalia. (A) fringed thorny setae on membranous endophalic sac, general view, (B) same, detail. 
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA51772E0A5F9AFFBF8F9D3" authority="(Contreras-Ramos, Fiorentin &amp; Urakami, 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Contreras-Ramos, Fiorentin &amp; Urakami" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[396,1068,1586,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hauseri">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA51772E0A5F9AFFDE7F9D3" box="[396,563,1586,1610]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Ilyobius hauseri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D359D7B2FFA51772E36AF9AFFBF1F9D3" author="Contreras-Ramos, A. &amp; Fiorentin, G. L. &amp; Urakami, Y." box="[579,1061,1586,1610]" pageId="8" pageNumber="354" pagination="267 - 272" refId="ref8057" refString="Contreras-Ramos, A., Fiorentin, G. L. &amp; Urakami, Y. (2005) A new species of alderfly (Megaloptera: Sialidae) from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Amazoniana, 18, 267 - 272." type="journal article" year="2005">Contreras-Ramos, Fiorentin &amp; Urakami, 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA51772E515F9AFFB16F9D3" box="[1084,1218,1586,1610]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Megaloptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA51772E5E4F9AFFAF7F9D3" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1229,1315,1586,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sialidae</taxonomicName>
), additional specimen collected in the type locality of species, male genitalia. (C) fringed thorny setae on membranous endophalic sac, general view, (D), (E) same, details. Scale bars, A = 0.1 mm; B = 0.01 mm; C = 0.03 mm; D, E = 0.01 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA51772E1EEF95DFAEEF84E" blockId="8.[151,1436,1728,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA51772E1EEF95DFEE5F943" box="[199,305,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E06BF95DFE6AF942" box="[322,446,1728,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7A–E</figureCitation>
). Sternite 7 with thumb-shaped, posteriorly projected median projection in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E1B6F979FECDF966" box="[159,281,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
); in ventral view, subtriangular with posterior margin rounded, projected medially (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E5E9F979FAEFF966" box="[1216,1339,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
). Tergite 9 subtrapezoidal, in lateral view, ventral region broadly valvate; joined to upper region by junction line (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E43EF895FA5AF8BA" box="[1303,1422,1800,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 8 reduced, represented by a small, setose sclerite in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E527F8B1FBB2F8DE" box="[1038,1126,1836,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
), located beneath sternite 7 (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E1B6F8CDFECDF8F2" box="[159,281,1872,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
). Gonapophysis 8 as a single straight sclerotized plate; in lateral view, subrectangular with falcate dorsal apex (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E1F3F8E9FE86F816" box="[218,338,1908,1935]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
); in ventral view, subrectangular in shape, with anterior margin slightly concave and posterior margin convex, with lateral regions falcate (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E370F805FD00F82A" box="[601,724,1944,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 9 subretangular in lateral view, setose, posteriorly with a small gonostylus 9 at apex (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E335F821FD41F84E" box="[540,661,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
). Ectoproct setose, in lateral view, short, ovoid (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA51772E59BF821FAF8F84E" box="[1202,1324,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="354">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFA41773E1BEF810FCE0F874" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838330" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838330/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="355" startId="9.[151,250,1933,1957]" targetBox="[179,1400,206,1891]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA41773E1BEF810FCE0F874" blockId="9.[151,1436,1933,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA41773E1BEF810FEC0F83F" bold="true" box="[151,276,1933,1958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="355">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA41773E035F813FE6CF83F" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[284,440,1934,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="355" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA41773E035F813FE6CF83F" box="[284,440,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="355">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA41773E096F813FDC5F83F" bold="true" box="[447,529,1934,1958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="355">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFA41773E096F813FDC5F83F" box="[447,529,1934,1958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="355" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female. (A) genitalia, lateral; (B) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A; (C) genitalia, ventral; (D) morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C; (E) genitalia, ventral, the arrow indicates the gonocoxite 8 beneath S7. Scale bars, A, C = 0.5 mm, E = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFA71770E1BEF92FFD58F977" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" startId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" targetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA71770E1BEF92FFD58F977" blockId="10.[151,1437,1714,1774]" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA71770E1BEF92FFEC0F953" bold="true" box="[151,276,1714,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA71770E032F92FFE63F953" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[283,439,1714,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA71770E032F92FFE63F953" box="[283,439,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA71770E094F92FFDDBF953" bold="true" box="[445,527,1714,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFA71770E094F92FFDDBF953" box="[445,527,1714,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA71770E1EEF880FA48F8AF" blockId="10.[151,1437,1820,2027]" box="[199,1436,1820,1847]" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA71770E1EEF880FEB8F8AE" bold="true" box="[199,364,1820,1847]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">Mature larvae</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA71770E052F881FE2CF8AF" box="[379,504,1820,1846]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">Fig. 8A–D</figureCitation>
). Length = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA71770E351F881FD3EF8AE" box="[632,746,1820,1847]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.024" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="10.24">10.24 mm</quantity>
(except caudal filament); maximum width = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA71770E5CCF881FA9DF8AE" box="[1253,1353,1820,1847]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="2.32">2.32 mm</quantity>
(n =1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA71776E1EEF8DDFACEFE34" blockId="10.[151,1437,1820,2027]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="358" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA71770E1EEF8DDFED0F8C3" box="[199,260,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA71770E03AF8DDFE5AF8C3" box="[275,398,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">Fig. 8B, D</figureCitation>
). Length, from the clypeal margin to distal region of the head capsule = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA71770E591F8DDFACBF8C2" box="[1208,1311,1856,1883]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.49" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="2.49">2.49 mm</quantity>
; maximum width = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA71770E1D3F8F9FEB0F8E6" box="[250,356,1892,1919]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.36" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="2.36">2.36 mm</quantity>
; subquadrate. Orange-brown in color, with darker areas on anterior region (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA71770E5E7F8F9FAFDF8E7" box="[1230,1321,1892,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
); strongly sclerotized; muscle scars on posterior half (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA71770E357F815FD02F83B" box="[638,726,1928,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
); several thin sparse setae distributed on head capsule. Clypeus wide and narrow, length = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA71770E0E0F831FDE6F85E" box="[457,562,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24 mm</quantity>
; width = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA71770E3B7F831FCD2F85E" box="[670,774,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="10" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="1.72">1.72 mm</quantity>
. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA71770E2A9F831FC0DF85F" box="[896,985,1964,1990]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[184,1398,340,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-91@11.[151,1435,309,1930]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) labrum, dorsal; (B) maxillolabial complex, ventral; (C) mandible, ventral; (D) antenna. Scale bars, A–D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838334/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="356">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
) 4-articulated; first antennomere longer than wide, wider than the others; second antennomere longer than others, ca. 2.5X longer than antennomere 1; antennomere 3 slender, ca. 1.5X longer than antennomere 1; antennomere 4 slender and shorter than antennomere 3, apically with short, setiform sensilla. Labrum (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA61771E3EAFF26FCCFFF4C" box="[707,795,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[184,1398,340,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-91@11.[151,1435,309,1930]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) labrum, dorsal; (B) maxillolabial complex, ventral; (C) mandible, ventral; (D) antenna. Scale bars, A–D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838334/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="357">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
) strongly sclerotized, subtriangular, ca. 5X wider at base than at apex; basally slightly wider than long; lateral margins concave; with thin setae sparsely distributed in dorsal view; in ventral view, with two pointed apophyses at tip. Mandible (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA61771E2A3FE9EFC0BFE84" box="[906,991,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[184,1398,340,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-91@11.[151,1435,309,1930]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) labrum, dorsal; (B) maxillolabial complex, ventral; (C) mandible, ventral; (D) antenna. Scale bars, A–D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838334/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="357">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
) symmetrical, slender and long, sharply pointed with minute basal tooth (difficult to see in specimens with worn mandibles), with two preapical teeth and a sharp terminal tooth, slightly serrated at base; outer margin convex, with basal, thin, long seta, and short slender seta near midlength. Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E0C3FF42FD96FF60" box="[490,578,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[184,1398,340,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-91@11.[151,1435,309,1930]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) labrum, dorsal; (B) maxillolabial complex, ventral; (C) mandible, ventral; (D) antenna. Scale bars, A–D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838334/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
), in ventral view, with cardo and stipes subtriangular; cardo ca. 1.5X longer than stipes. Lacinia hook-like, well developed. Galea cone-shaped. Palpifer subrectangular. Palpus: first palpomere wider than long, shorter than others; second palpomere longer than others, twice the length of the third; fourth palpomere cone-shaped. Labium (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E33CFED6FDBEFEFC" box="[533,618,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[184,1398,340,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-91@11.[151,1435,309,1930]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) labrum, dorsal; (B) maxillolabial complex, ventral; (C) mandible, ventral; (D) antenna. Scale bars, A–D = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838334/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
) with submentum hexagonal in ventral view, ca. 1.1X longer than cardo; mentum subrectangular, slightly longer than wide, ca. 1.8X shorter than submentum, with lightly sclerotized areas; prementum wider than long, ca. 1.2X narrower than mentum; with well-developed membranous ligula.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFA61771E1BEF83CFD8BF844" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838334/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="357" startId="11.[151,250,1953,1977]" targetBox="[184,1398,340,1894]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA61771E1BEF83CFD8BF844" blockId="11.[151,1436,1953,2014]" pageId="11" pageNumber="357">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA61771E1BEF83CFEC6F820" bold="true" box="[151,274,1953,1977]" pageId="11" pageNumber="357">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA61771E031F83FFE67F823" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[280,435,1954,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="357" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA61771E031F83FFE67F823" box="[280,435,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="357">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA61771E091F83FFDDCF823" bold="true" box="[440,520,1954,1978]" pageId="11" pageNumber="357">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFA61771E091F83FFDDCF823" box="[440,520,1954,1978]" pageId="11" pageNumber="357" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, mature larvae. (A) labrum, dorsal; (B) maxillolabial complex, ventral; (C) mandible, ventral; (D) antenna. Scale bars, A–D = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E3B7FACBFFA11776E1BEF9E8FF12F94C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" startId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" targetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA11776E1BEF9E8FF12F94C" blockId="12.[151,1437,1653,1749]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA11776E1BEF9E8FEF4F914" bold="true" box="[151,288,1653,1677]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="70C8D1C0FFA11776E00EF9E8FE16F914" authority="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Mendes &amp; Nascimento &amp; Fusari &amp; Santos &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[295,450,1653,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erebus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA11776E00EF9E8FE16F914" box="[295,450,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Ilyobius erebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA11776E0E1F9EBFDCDF917" bold="true" box="[456,537,1654,1678]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8FCB2AFFA11776E0E1F9EBFDCDF917" box="[456,537,1654,1678]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA11777E1EEF899FA5BFD30" blockId="12.[151,1436,1796,2038]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,825]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA11776E1EEF899FECCF887" box="[199,280,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E001F899FE53F887" box="[296,391,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Figs 8A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E0BDF899FE3DF887" box="[404,489,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">10A–C</figureCitation>
). Tergites orange, with diffuse blackish marks, especially on meso- and metanotum (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E1B6F8B5FF29F8DB" box="[159,253,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
). Pronotum: length = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA11776E32BF8BAFDB8F8DB" box="[514,620,1831,1858]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" unit="mm" value="1.61">1.61 mm</quantity>
; maximum width = 
<quantity id="703007A6FFA11776E274F8B5FC1CF8DB" box="[861,968,1832,1858]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.39" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" unit="mm" value="2.39">2.39 mm</quantity>
; subrectangular, anterior margin slightly rounded, posterior margin straight. Legs (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E35BF8D1FD2FF8FF" box="[626,763,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 10A–F</figureCitation>
): yellowish. Coxa of all legs slightly wider than long, with few setae sparsely distributed (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E0DDF8EDFDA8F813" box="[500,636,1904,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 10A–F</figureCitation>
). Profemur ca. 3.5X longer than wide; internal margin with long, thick setae; internal surface with two rows of long setae near external margin (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E292F809FBF7F837" box="[955,1059,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
); external surface with long, thick setae near external margin and with a row of shorter setae on the submedial region (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA11776E566F825FB63F84B" box="[1103,1207,1976,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
); mesofemur ca. 3X longer than wide; internal margin with long, thick setae; internal and external surface with a row of long setae near external margin; internal surface with a row of short setae near internal margin (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E509FF0AFB53FF28" box="[1056,1159,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
); external surface with a row of short setae on submedial region (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E37FFF26FD6AFF4C" box="[598,702,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
); hindfemur ca. 3.5X longer than wide; internal margin with long, thick setae; internal and external surface with a row of long, thin setae near external margin (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E583FF42FAF9FF60" box="[1194,1325,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10E, F</figureCitation>
); external surface with a row of shorter setae on submedial region and with a row of pectinate sensillae above submedial row of setae (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E1D4FEBAFEB7FED8" box="[253,355,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
); internal surface with a row of short setae near internal margin with a row of pectinate sensillae between the internal margin and the row of setae on the submedial region (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E2C9FED6FB90FEFC" box="[992,1092,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
). Protibia ca. 2.6X longer than wide; mesotibia ca. 2.9X longer than wide; foretibia subequal in size to mesotibia. Tibia of all legs with few, long, thick setae on internal and external margins; with thin, long setae on external margin (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E57EFE0EFB0AFE34" box="[1111,1246,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10A–F</figureCitation>
); internal margin with a long, thick seta; external surface of pro- and mesothoracic legs with a row of short, thick setae submedially (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E1B6FE46FEF2FE6C" box="[159,294,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10B, D</figureCitation>
); external and internal surface of metathoracic leg with pectinate sensillae below the submedial row of setae (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E1F6FE62FEB7FD80" box="[223,355,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10E, F</figureCitation>
). Protarsus ca. 3.5X longer than wide; mesotarsus ca. 3.9X longer than wide; metatarsus ca. 3X longer than wide; internal and external margin of prothoracic and mesothoracic leg with thick setae; external margin with thin setae; external surface with longitudinal row of thick setae dorsally and ventrally (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E58AFDDAFAF8FDF8" box="[1187,1324,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10B, D</figureCitation>
); external and internal surface of metathoracic leg, with a row of short, thick setae submedially; with pectinate sensillae below the submedial row of setae (
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E0FAFD12FD81FD30" box="[467,597,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,473,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-150@12.[151,1435,453,1629]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) prothoracic leg, internal; (B) prothoracic leg, external; (C) mesothoracic leg, internal; (D) mesothoracic leg, external; (E) metathoracic leg, external; (F), metathoracic leg, internal. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 10E, F</figureCitation>
). Tarsal claws with approximately the same width along the entire length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA01777E1EEFD2EFB7DFD54" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,1193,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA01777E1EEFD2EFEE5FD54" box="[199,305,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E069FD2EFE4CFD54" box="[320,408,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1714,1738]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1435,181,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Ilyobius erebus sp. nov., mature larvae. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) head, lateral; (C) head, dorsal; (D) head, ventral. Scale bars, A= 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838332/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
). Poorly sclerotized; light brown; abdominal gills whitish translucent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FFD2F9C8FFA01777E1EEFD4AFA58FC8C" pageId="13" pageNumber="359" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA01777E1EEFD4AFA58FC8C" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA01777E1EEFD4AFE9AFD68" bold="true" box="[199,334,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is derived from 
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA01777E3CFFD4AFCE0FD68" box="[742,820,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Erebus</emphasis>
, Latin for darkness, an allusion to the coloration of this new species, the first in the genus that is almost completely dark. The name is a genitive in the fourth declension.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FFD2F9C8FFA01777E1EEFC83FAEEFCA0" box="[199,1338,798,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="359" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B777AA43FFA01777E1EEFC83FAEEFCA0" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,1338,798,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">
<emphasis id="85BC7651FFA01777E1EEFC83FEB5FCA1" bold="true" box="[199,353,798,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Distribution.</emphasis>
Poços de Caldas municipality, Morro do Ferro, 
<collectingRegion id="750C64A1FFA01777E255FC82FB80FCA0" box="[892,1108,799,825]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Minas Gerais State</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="CFDFEAD3FFA01777E576FC82FB77FCA0" box="[1119,1187,799,825]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="2FF3B6C6FFA01777E59AFC82FAF8FCA0" box="[1203,1324,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1930,1954]" captionTargetBox="[250,1328,201,1895]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[207,1380,181,1907]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A) Map of South America with detailed area indicating the type locality of Ilyobius erebus sp. nov. (Megaloptera: Sialidae); (B), (D) general view of the sampled streams. Red spots are localities where I. erebus sp. nov. was collected; (C) Pennsylvania light traps installed at the stream’s banks." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6838316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6838316/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="359">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>