219 lines
29 KiB
XML
219 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a11" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fc56a00d-cf6b-4fda-aa56-d0492e4781cb" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4891107" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:07D1F5A8-98E2-40F1-A716-D25CB975EA4C" checkinTime="1622490877458" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Steurbaut, Etienne & Nolf, Dirk" docDate="2021" docId="1D2F9F2B9A3AFFC9FC6AFF2DDDBBBB6E" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.43.11.311-363.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 43 (11)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.3:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sphenolithus quadricornutus Steurbaut & Nolf, 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="129C12D5-F3FE-47C6-849A-EE69215A1E64" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="352" masterDocId="E116E7539A11FFE5FFDBFFFADF3DBA1F" masterDocTitle="The Mont-des-Récollets section (N France): a key site for the Ypresian-Lutetian transition at mid-latitudes - reassessment of the boundary criterion for the base- Lutetian GSSP" masterLastPageNumber="363" masterPageNumber="311" pageNumber="352" updateTime="1632098410930" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mont-des-Récollets section (N France): a key site for the Ypresian-Lutetian transition at mid-latitudes - reassessment of the boundary criterion for the base- Lutetian GSSP</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Steurbaut, Etienne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, OD Earth and History of Life, Vautierstraat 29, B- 1000 Brussel (Belgium) and Department of Earth, and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 E, B- 3001 Leuven (Belgium)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">etienne.steurbaut@naturalsciences.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nolf, Dirk</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, OD Earth and History of Life, Vautierstraat 29, B- 1000 Brussel (Belgium)</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-05-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>43</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>311</mods:start>
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<mods:end>363</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a11</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">fc56a00d-cf6b-4fda-aa56-d0492e4781cb</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4891107</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:07D1F5A8-98E2-40F1-A716-D25CB975EA4C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4891226" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182482731" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4891226" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:129C12D5-F3FE-47C6-849A-EE69215A1E64" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1D2F9F2B9A3AFFC9FC6AFF2DDDBBBB6E" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="352" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
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<subSubSection box="[945,1323,215,242]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[945,1323,215,273]" box="[945,1323,215,242]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
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<heading box="[945,1323,215,242]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName box="[945,1257,215,242]" class="Coccolithophyceae" family="Sphenolithaceae" genus="Sphenolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Discoasterales" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="quadricornutus" status="n. sp.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[945,1257,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Sphenolithus quadricornutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1264,1323,216,242]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[945,1323,215,273]" box="[1060,1207,247,273]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[1069,1145,247,273]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1758,1775]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,215,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-29@42.[225,795,763,1314]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 20. — New or less known calcareous nannofossil taxa from the Eocene of the Mont-des-Récollets and other localities in Belgium.Pars 3: A-G, Blackites praeinflatus n. sp.; A, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, holotype, l = 23.0 µm (IRSNB b7141); B, paratype, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.16 m, paratype, l = 22.5 µm (IRSNB b7142); C, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7143); D, Zaventem, sample 17, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7144); E, Mont-des-Récollets,122.26-122.21 m, paratype,l = 29.0 µm (IRSNB b7145); F, G, Vossem, otolith sample Nolf, 1974, paratypes (IRSNB b7146, b7147); F, l = 23.05 µm; G, l = 15.2 µm;H-K, Blackites inflatus (Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961);H, Isnes,sample 8, l = 17.5 µm (IRSNB b7148);I, Gobertange,sample Go5, l = 28 µm (IRSNB b7149); J, Isnes, sample 8, l = 18 µm (IRSNB b7150); K, Gobertange, sample Go5, l = 26 µm (IRSNB b7151); L-M, Blackites aff. gladius (Locker, 1967), Isnes, sample 8 (IRSNB b7152, b7153); L, l = 10.46 µm; M, l = 11.76 µm; N-Q, Sphenolithus quadricornutus n. sp.; N, Mont-des-Récollets, 126.50 m, holotype, htot = 9 µm, hpc = hle = 2 µm (IRSNB b7154); O, Balegem, level 6, paratype, hpc + hle = 4 µm (IRSNB b7155); P, Mont-des-Récollets 126.50 m, paratype,htot = 6 µm, hpp + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7156); Q, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, paratype, htot = 9 µm, hpc + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7157); R, Sphenolithus perpendicularis Shamrock, 2010, Balegem, level 6, h = 5 µm (IRSNB b7158); S, Trochastrites hohnensis (Martini, 1958). Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7159); T-W, Trochastrites pyramidalis n. sp.; T, Oedelem BH, 5.50 m, paratype, wm = 10 µm (IRSNB b7160); U, Mont-des-Récollets,122.16 m, holotype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7161); V, Oedelem BH,5.50 m, paratype,wm = 13 µm (IRSNB b7162); W, Vlakte van de Raan BH,80.27 m, paratype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7163)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4891144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4891144/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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N-Q)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="43.[813,1455,313,330]" box="[813,1455,313,330]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
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<uri box="[813,1455,313,330]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid box="[1033,1455,313,330]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">129C12D5-F3FE-47C6-849A-EE69215A1E64</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="43.[813,1455,380,431]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125291305" collectionCode="IRSNB, RBINS" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus box="[813,919,381,404]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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. —
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<figureCitation box="[965,1054,380,404]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1758,1775]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,215,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-29@42.[225,795,763,1314]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 20. — New or less known calcareous nannofossil taxa from the Eocene of the Mont-des-Récollets and other localities in Belgium.Pars 3: A-G, Blackites praeinflatus n. sp.; A, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, holotype, l = 23.0 µm (IRSNB b7141); B, paratype, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.16 m, paratype, l = 22.5 µm (IRSNB b7142); C, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7143); D, Zaventem, sample 17, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7144); E, Mont-des-Récollets,122.26-122.21 m, paratype,l = 29.0 µm (IRSNB b7145); F, G, Vossem, otolith sample Nolf, 1974, paratypes (IRSNB b7146, b7147); F, l = 23.05 µm; G, l = 15.2 µm;H-K, Blackites inflatus (Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961);H, Isnes,sample 8, l = 17.5 µm (IRSNB b7148);I, Gobertange,sample Go5, l = 28 µm (IRSNB b7149); J, Isnes, sample 8, l = 18 µm (IRSNB b7150); K, Gobertange, sample Go5, l = 26 µm (IRSNB b7151); L-M, Blackites aff. gladius (Locker, 1967), Isnes, sample 8 (IRSNB b7152, b7153); L, l = 10.46 µm; M, l = 11.76 µm; N-Q, Sphenolithus quadricornutus n. sp.; N, Mont-des-Récollets, 126.50 m, holotype, htot = 9 µm, hpc = hle = 2 µm (IRSNB b7154); O, Balegem, level 6, paratype, hpc + hle = 4 µm (IRSNB b7155); P, Mont-des-Récollets 126.50 m, paratype,htot = 6 µm, hpp + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7156); Q, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, paratype, htot = 9 µm, hpc + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7157); R, Sphenolithus perpendicularis Shamrock, 2010, Balegem, level 6, h = 5 µm (IRSNB b7158); S, Trochastrites hohnensis (Martini, 1958). Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7159); T-W, Trochastrites pyramidalis n. sp.; T, Oedelem BH, 5.50 m, paratype, wm = 10 µm (IRSNB b7160); U, Mont-des-Récollets,122.16 m, holotype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7161); V, Oedelem BH,5.50 m, paratype,wm = 13 µm (IRSNB b7162); W, Vlakte van de Raan BH,80.27 m, paratype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7163)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4891144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4891144/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Fig. 20N</figureCitation>
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(
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<collectionCode box="[1068,1142,380,404]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">IRSNB</collectionCode>
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b7154) (negatives stored in the collections of the
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<collectionCode box="[986,1063,407,431]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="43.[811,1456,456,586]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
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||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125291310" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
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<typeStatus box="[813,915,456,479]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
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. — 3 figured specimens (h without spines =
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<quantity box="[1334,1445,456,480]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="4.3" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="3.8">3.8-4.8 µm</quantity>
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): 1 from the Lede Sand Formation, at Balegem (
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<figureCitation box="[1271,1360,482,506]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1758,1775]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,215,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-29@42.[225,795,763,1314]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 20. — New or less known calcareous nannofossil taxa from the Eocene of the Mont-des-Récollets and other localities in Belgium.Pars 3: A-G, Blackites praeinflatus n. sp.; A, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, holotype, l = 23.0 µm (IRSNB b7141); B, paratype, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.16 m, paratype, l = 22.5 µm (IRSNB b7142); C, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7143); D, Zaventem, sample 17, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7144); E, Mont-des-Récollets,122.26-122.21 m, paratype,l = 29.0 µm (IRSNB b7145); F, G, Vossem, otolith sample Nolf, 1974, paratypes (IRSNB b7146, b7147); F, l = 23.05 µm; G, l = 15.2 µm;H-K, Blackites inflatus (Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961);H, Isnes,sample 8, l = 17.5 µm (IRSNB b7148);I, Gobertange,sample Go5, l = 28 µm (IRSNB b7149); J, Isnes, sample 8, l = 18 µm (IRSNB b7150); K, Gobertange, sample Go5, l = 26 µm (IRSNB b7151); L-M, Blackites aff. gladius (Locker, 1967), Isnes, sample 8 (IRSNB b7152, b7153); L, l = 10.46 µm; M, l = 11.76 µm; N-Q, Sphenolithus quadricornutus n. sp.; N, Mont-des-Récollets, 126.50 m, holotype, htot = 9 µm, hpc = hle = 2 µm (IRSNB b7154); O, Balegem, level 6, paratype, hpc + hle = 4 µm (IRSNB b7155); P, Mont-des-Récollets 126.50 m, paratype,htot = 6 µm, hpp + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7156); Q, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, paratype, htot = 9 µm, hpc + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7157); R, Sphenolithus perpendicularis Shamrock, 2010, Balegem, level 6, h = 5 µm (IRSNB b7158); S, Trochastrites hohnensis (Martini, 1958). Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7159); T-W, Trochastrites pyramidalis n. sp.; T, Oedelem BH, 5.50 m, paratype, wm = 10 µm (IRSNB b7160); U, Mont-des-Récollets,122.16 m, holotype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7161); V, Oedelem BH,5.50 m, paratype,wm = 13 µm (IRSNB b7162); W, Vlakte van de Raan BH,80.27 m, paratype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7163)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4891144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4891144/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Fig. 20O</figureCitation>
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) (
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<collectionCode box="[1381,1455,482,506]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">IRSNB</collectionCode>
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b7155) and 2 from Mont-des-Récollets: 1 from the Lede Sand Formation (
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<figureCitation box="[929,1011,535,559]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1758,1775]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,215,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-29@42.[225,795,763,1314]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 20. — New or less known calcareous nannofossil taxa from the Eocene of the Mont-des-Récollets and other localities in Belgium.Pars 3: A-G, Blackites praeinflatus n. sp.; A, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, holotype, l = 23.0 µm (IRSNB b7141); B, paratype, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.16 m, paratype, l = 22.5 µm (IRSNB b7142); C, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7143); D, Zaventem, sample 17, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7144); E, Mont-des-Récollets,122.26-122.21 m, paratype,l = 29.0 µm (IRSNB b7145); F, G, Vossem, otolith sample Nolf, 1974, paratypes (IRSNB b7146, b7147); F, l = 23.05 µm; G, l = 15.2 µm;H-K, Blackites inflatus (Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961);H, Isnes,sample 8, l = 17.5 µm (IRSNB b7148);I, Gobertange,sample Go5, l = 28 µm (IRSNB b7149); J, Isnes, sample 8, l = 18 µm (IRSNB b7150); K, Gobertange, sample Go5, l = 26 µm (IRSNB b7151); L-M, Blackites aff. gladius (Locker, 1967), Isnes, sample 8 (IRSNB b7152, b7153); L, l = 10.46 µm; M, l = 11.76 µm; N-Q, Sphenolithus quadricornutus n. sp.; N, Mont-des-Récollets, 126.50 m, holotype, htot = 9 µm, hpc = hle = 2 µm (IRSNB b7154); O, Balegem, level 6, paratype, hpc + hle = 4 µm (IRSNB b7155); P, Mont-des-Récollets 126.50 m, paratype,htot = 6 µm, hpp + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7156); Q, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, paratype, htot = 9 µm, hpc + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7157); R, Sphenolithus perpendicularis Shamrock, 2010, Balegem, level 6, h = 5 µm (IRSNB b7158); S, Trochastrites hohnensis (Martini, 1958). Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7159); T-W, Trochastrites pyramidalis n. sp.; T, Oedelem BH, 5.50 m, paratype, wm = 10 µm (IRSNB b7160); U, Mont-des-Récollets,122.16 m, holotype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7161); V, Oedelem BH,5.50 m, paratype,wm = 13 µm (IRSNB b7162); W, Vlakte van de Raan BH,80.27 m, paratype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7163)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4891144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4891144/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Fig. 20P</figureCitation>
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) (
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<collectionCode box="[1030,1104,535,559]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">IRSNB</collectionCode>
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b7156) and 1 from the
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<collectingRegion box="[1332,1401,535,559]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Brussel</collectingRegion>
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Sand Formation (Unit B4) (
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||
<figureCitation box="[1033,1122,562,586]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1758,1775]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,215,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-29@42.[225,795,763,1314]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 20. — New or less known calcareous nannofossil taxa from the Eocene of the Mont-des-Récollets and other localities in Belgium.Pars 3: A-G, Blackites praeinflatus n. sp.; A, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, holotype, l = 23.0 µm (IRSNB b7141); B, paratype, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.16 m, paratype, l = 22.5 µm (IRSNB b7142); C, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.26-122.21 m, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7143); D, Zaventem, sample 17, paratype, l = 24.0 µm (IRSNB b7144); E, Mont-des-Récollets,122.26-122.21 m, paratype,l = 29.0 µm (IRSNB b7145); F, G, Vossem, otolith sample Nolf, 1974, paratypes (IRSNB b7146, b7147); F, l = 23.05 µm; G, l = 15.2 µm;H-K, Blackites inflatus (Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961);H, Isnes,sample 8, l = 17.5 µm (IRSNB b7148);I, Gobertange,sample Go5, l = 28 µm (IRSNB b7149); J, Isnes, sample 8, l = 18 µm (IRSNB b7150); K, Gobertange, sample Go5, l = 26 µm (IRSNB b7151); L-M, Blackites aff. gladius (Locker, 1967), Isnes, sample 8 (IRSNB b7152, b7153); L, l = 10.46 µm; M, l = 11.76 µm; N-Q, Sphenolithus quadricornutus n. sp.; N, Mont-des-Récollets, 126.50 m, holotype, htot = 9 µm, hpc = hle = 2 µm (IRSNB b7154); O, Balegem, level 6, paratype, hpc + hle = 4 µm (IRSNB b7155); P, Mont-des-Récollets 126.50 m, paratype,htot = 6 µm, hpp + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7156); Q, Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, paratype, htot = 9 µm, hpc + hle = 3 µm (IRSNB b7157); R, Sphenolithus perpendicularis Shamrock, 2010, Balegem, level 6, h = 5 µm (IRSNB b7158); S, Trochastrites hohnensis (Martini, 1958). Mont-des-Récollets, 122.85 m, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7159); T-W, Trochastrites pyramidalis n. sp.; T, Oedelem BH, 5.50 m, paratype, wm = 10 µm (IRSNB b7160); U, Mont-des-Récollets,122.16 m, holotype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7161); V, Oedelem BH,5.50 m, paratype,wm = 13 µm (IRSNB b7162); W, Vlakte van de Raan BH,80.27 m, paratype, wm = 12 µm (IRSNB b7163)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4891144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4891144/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Fig. 20Q</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1143,1217,562,586]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">IRSNB</collectionCode>
|
||
b7157).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[812,1454,611,714]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS.
|
||
<emphasis box="[932,957,612,635]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">—</emphasis>
|
||
Small hourglass-shaped sphenoliths, consisting of a conical proximal column, surmounted by a series of blocky distally widening lateral elements, both of almost equal height, supporting four equally spread diverging spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[813,1455,739,790]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">DERIVATIO NOMINIS. — Refers to the four conspicuous diverging spines which rise from the corners of the sphenolith.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[811,1454,815,865]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125291327" collectionCode="LOCUS, TYPICUS" collectorName="Grande Carriere', N" country="France" location="Mont-des-Recollets" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode box="[813,955,815,838]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">LOCUS TYPICUS</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[966,991,816,839]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">—</emphasis>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1D2F9F2B9A3AFFC9FC6AFF2DDDBBBB6E:905978E69A3AFFCEFC3AFCD5DBA1B958" box="[993,1180,815,839]" country="France" name="Mont-des-Recollets" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Mont-des-Récollets</location>
|
||
, ‘
|
||
<collectorName box="[1191,1381,815,839]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Grande Carrière’, N</collectorName>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1384,1450,815,838]" name="France" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[811,964,841,865]" degrees="50" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" precision="1" seconds="02.74" value="50.800762">50°48’02.74”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[975,1109,841,865]" degrees="2" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" precision="1" seconds="23.06" value="2.5064056">2°30’23.06”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[813,1455,890,941]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
|
||
STRATUM TYPICUM.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1011,1036,891,914]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">—</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125291307" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
|
||
Lede Sand Formation (sample
|
||
<quantity box="[1345,1444,890,915]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.265" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="m" value="126.5">126.50 m</quantity>
|
||
); lower part of NP15.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[811,1456,966,1070]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
|
||
DIMENSIONS. — Height =
|
||
<quantity box="[1065,1218,966,991]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="1.1199999999999999" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="12.8" valueMin="11.2">11.2 to 12.8 µm</quantity>
|
||
with spine; Height body, without spine =
|
||
<quantity box="[963,1075,992,1017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="5.0">5 to 6.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
; Maximum width (wmab) =
|
||
<quantity box="[1347,1454,992,1017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="4.8" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.4">4.4-5.2 µm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus box="[818,908,1019,1043]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: htotal =
|
||
<quantity box="[1004,1091,1019,1043]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="11.2">11.2 µm</quantity>
|
||
, hpp =
|
||
<quantity box="[1169,1244,1019,1043]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
, hle =
|
||
<quantity box="[1313,1387,1019,1043]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
, hds =
|
||
<quantity box="[814,887,1045,1070]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 µm</quantity>
|
||
; wpp =
|
||
<quantity box="[965,1039,1046,1070]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[811,1455,1095,1251]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION. — This species has a rather restricted range. It occurs in the top of the
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[969,1038,1121,1145]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Brussel</collectingRegion>
|
||
Sand Formation (Unit B4) and in the Lede Sand Formation at Mont-des-Récollets, and in several outcrops of the Lede Sand Formation (Balegem, Oosterzele) and the base of the overlying Wemmel Sand Member (Oedelem borehole). Its range seems thus to be restricted to the top of NP14 and lower NP15.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[811,1458,1300,1613]" box="[813,957,1300,1326]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[811,1458,1300,1613]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
|
||
These sphenoliths are very tiny, consisting of a conical proximal column and a series of blocky lateral elements, which seem to widen distally, producing the typical hourglass shape. The latter is also easily observed in cross polarized light (see discussion below). Both the proximal column and the area with the lateral elements are of almost equal height (each
|
||
<emphasis box="[815,832,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity box="[836,919,1522,1549]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
). Half long diverging spines (maximum 1.5 times as long as the sphenolith’s body) emerge from each of the four corners.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[812,1457,1651,2028]" box="[813,942,1651,1677]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">DISCUSSION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="43.[812,1457,1651,2028]" lastBlockId="44.[130,776,215,370]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[813,1120,1682,1708]" class="Coccolithophyceae" family="Sphenolithaceae" genus="Sphenolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Discoasterales" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="quadricornutus" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[813,1120,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Sphenolithus quadricornutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1129,1192,1683,1709]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
bears a striking resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[927,1227,1714,1740]" class="Coccolithophyceae" family="Sphenolithaceae" genus="Sphenolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Discoasterales" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="quadrispinatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[927,1227,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">Sphenolithus quadrispinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from the Late Miocene (Tortonian, NN10) of the southern Atlantic (Perch-Nielsen 1980), especially in its dimensions and the length and the position of the spines. They essentially differ in general outline, which is cylindrical in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1268,1448,1841,1868]" class="Coccolithophyceae" family="Sphenolithaceae" genus="Sphenolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Discoasterales" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="quadrispinatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1268,1448,1841,1868]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">S. quadrispinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but hourglass-shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1078,1264,1873,1900]" class="Coccolithophyceae" family="Sphenolithaceae" genus="Sphenolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Discoasterales" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="quadricornutus" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1078,1264,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">S. quadricornutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1270,1330,1874,1900]" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
This is also clearly observed in cross-polarized light when seen at 0°. In this position
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[951,1130,1937,1964]" class="Coccolithophyceae" family="Sphenolithaceae" genus="Sphenolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Discoasterales" pageId="43" pageNumber="352" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="quadrispinatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[951,1130,1937,1964]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="352">S. quadrispinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is highly birefringent, consisting of four almost equal rectangular blocks (height is greater than width), separated by extinction lines with cross pattern.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[132,319,215,242]" class="Coccolithophyceae" family="Sphenolithaceae" genus="Sphenolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Discoasterales" pageId="44" pageNumber="353" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="quadricornutus" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[132,319,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="353">S. quadricornutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[327,388,216,242]" pageId="44" pageNumber="353" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is also strongly birefringent in that position, but presents an x-shaped interference figure, of which the four bright parts are rather rhombic instead of rectangular and separated by extinction lines with cross pattern. Viewed at 45° this cross pattern turns into an x-pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |