153 lines
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153 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.378.6545" ID-GBIF-Dataset="523b15c1-13da-4deb-bc7b-c13fcc15fe4d" ID-PMC="PMC3935429" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-378-83" ID-PubMed="24574854" ID-ZBK="9C466709906D4D8C9043337D19CA5BEB" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-378-83" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 378" ModsDocTitle="Morphological and molecular characterization of a new species of leech (Glossiphoniidae, Hirudinida): Implications for the health of its imperiled amphibian host (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)" checkinTime="1451246333172" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hopkins, William A., Moser, William E., Garst, David W., Richardson, Dennis J., Hammond, Charlotte I. & Lazo-Wasem, Eric A." docDate="2014" docId="0A0331F733C818A55B6169B0967A1C19" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 378: 83-101" docOrigin="ZooKeys 378" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.378.6545" docTitle="Placobdella appalachiensis Moser & Hopkins, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="33FF4843-BB57-4682-9D8F-8B2745BF57F0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="92" masterDocId="CA55FFC5FFB3FFFBFF8CFFFEFF98FF89" masterDocTitle="Morphological and molecular characterization of a new species of leech (Glossiphoniidae, Hirudinida): Implications for the health of its imperiled amphibian host (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="83" pageNumber="89" updateTime="1668157687595" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Morphological and molecular characterization of a new species of leech (Glossiphoniidae, Hirudinida): Implications for the health of its imperiled amphibian host (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hopkins, William A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moser, William E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Garst, David W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Richardson, Dennis J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hammond, Charlotte I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lazo-Wasem, Eric A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>378</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>83</mods:start>
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<mods:end>101</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.378.6545</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.378.6545</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-378-83</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">9C466709906D4D8C9043337D19CA5BEB</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9C466709906D4D8C9043337D19CA5BEB</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050874" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:33FF4843-BB57-4682-9D8F-8B2745BF57F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A0331F733C818A55B6169B0967A1C19" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/33FF4843-BB57-4682-9D8F-8B2745BF57F0" authority="Moser & Hopkins" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella appalachiensis" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appalachiensis">Placobdella appalachiensis Moser & Hopkins</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="6" pageNumber="89">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 2-4
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Holotype (USNM 1232924) South Fork Holston River, Smyth County, Virginia.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Paratypes (USNM 1232925 - 1232942; YPM IZ 067799) South Fork Holston River, Smyth County, Virginia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="morphological description">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Morphological description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="90">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="90" start="start">External</pageBreakToken>
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morphology. Body very deeply to deeply ovoid and triannulate. Length of preserved specimens 2.5 - 10.4 mm long, mean + SE 5.2 + 0.4 mm (n = 23), width at widest point (in posterior half of body) 2.0 - 5.9 mm, mean + SE 3.4 + 0.2 mm (n = 23). Dorsum chocolate (#7B3F00) to russet (#80461B) brown with 6 rows of papillae (2 para-medial, 2 para-lateral, & 2 lateral) and many, thin, unpigmented, vertical lines (Figure 2; see hex color codes http://www.colorhexa.com). Para-medial, para-lateral, and lateral papillar rows begin at two points (just lateral to the anus) and the papillae are on the neural annulus. Apical cephalic region unpigmented, extending and tapering posteriorly through one thin nuchal band. Two pairs of eye spots (one pair much larger than the other) within cephalic unpigmented region, and occasionally separated by a little less than the diameter of the larger eyespot. Anal region and small genital bar unpigmented to diffusely pigmented with scattered unpigmented to diffusely pigmented small patches in between. Caudal sucker, 0.5 - 2.1 mm in diameter, mean + SE, 1.2 + 0.1 (n = 18), generally unpigmented with a few brown chromatophores and without papillae. Ventrum unpigmented with very sparse scattering of a few brown/green chromatophores (Fig. 3). Male and female gonopores in furrows and separated by 2 annuli.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" type="internal morphology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Internal morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Digestive system: Proboscis posteriad of the rim/lip of the oral sucker. Short, blunt-tipped proboscis, uniformly cylindrical, and in membranous sheath. Salivary cells scattered in the anterior third of the body (diffuse salivary glands) and slightly more abundant near the base of the proboscis. Salivary ductule bundles join with retractor muscles and attach at each side of the base of the proboscis. Flaccid esophagus extends from the base of the proboscis with one pair of saccular mycetomes. Seven pair of diverticulated crop ceca and the last pair extending posteriad into four sections and diverticulated. Four pair of simple, saccular intestinal ceca. Simple rectum opening to anus, located one annulus anteriad of the caudal sucker.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="91">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="91" start="start">Reproductive</pageBreakToken>
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system: (Male) Male gonophores slightly raised. Male atrium opening into ovoid or elloptoid atrial cornue extending laterally and anteriorly from male gonopore into robust, coiled, muscular ejaculatory ducts, recurving posteriorly to robust seminal vesicles and narrow vas deferentia connecting to testisacs. Six pairs of orbicular testisacs, each testisac located in the space between pair of crop ceca. (Female) Female gonopore simple, opening to pair of bifurcated ovisacs. Ovisac length depends on the reproductive condition of the leech.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="92" type="taxonomic summary">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="92" start="start">Taxonomic</pageBreakToken>
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summary.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">
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Type host: Eastern Hellbender,
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Cryptobranchidae" genus="Cryptobranchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptobranchus alleganiensis subsp. alleganiensis" order="Caudata" pageId="9" pageNumber="92" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="alleganiensis" subSpecies="alleganiensis">Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis</taxonomicName>
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(Daudin, 1803).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="92" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">South Fork Holston River, Smyth County, Virginia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="92" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">USNM 1232924 (Holotype), USNM 1232925 - 1232942 (Paratypes), YPM IZ 067799 (Paratype).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="92" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">Named for the Appalachian Region, where the leech is known to occur.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="9" pageNumber="92" type="molecular description">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">Molecular description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="92">DNA Analysis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="9" pageNumber="92">
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Molecular comparison of 637 nucleotides of CO-I revealed differences of 0.2% to 1.3% (1-8 nucleotides) among four specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella appalachiensis" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appalachiensis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="93" start="start">Placobdella</pageBreakToken>
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appalachiensis
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (GenBank KF990590-KF990593) collected from South Fork Holston River, Smyth County, Virginia. Differences of 17.7% to 19.1% (113 to 122 nucleotides) were found between four specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella appalachiensis" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appalachiensis">Placobdella appalachiensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and seven specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella cryptobranchii" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cryptobranchii">Placobdella cryptobranchii</taxonomicName>
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(GenBank KF601755-KF601761) collected from Missouri. CO-I sequence data among four specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella appalachiensis" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appalachiensis">Placobdella appalachiensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. revealed differences of 18.7% to 19.6% (119 to 125 nucleotides) compared to five specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella ornata" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ornata">Placobdella ornata</taxonomicName>
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(GenBank JQ8128-JQ8132) collected from the type locality (West River, New Haven County, Connecticut), differences of 18.8% to 20.0% (120-127 nucleotides) compared to four specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella ornata" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ornata">Placobdella ornata</taxonomicName>
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collected from the type locality (Shivericks Pond, Falmouth, Barnstable County, Massachusetts) of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella phalera" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="phalera">Placobdella phalera</taxonomicName>
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(junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella ornata" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ornata">Placobdella ornata</taxonomicName>
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) (GenBank JQ812133-JQ812136), differences of 17.7% to 18.7% (113-119 nucleotides) compared to two specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella translucens" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="translucens">Placobdella translucens</taxonomicName>
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(GenBank AY047328, JX122778), differences of 15.8% to 16.8% (101-107 nucleotides) from 1 specimen of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella picta" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="picta">Placobdella picta</taxonomicName>
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(GenBank AF116020), differences of 17.2% to 18.1% (110-115 nucleotides) from 1 specimen of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella biannulata" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="biannulata">Placobdella biannulata</taxonomicName>
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(GenBank AF116021), and differences of 17.9% to 19.0% (114-121 nucleotides) from 2 specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Placobdella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placobdella sophieae" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="93" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sophieae">Placobdella sophieae</taxonomicName>
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(GenBank KF990594-KF990595) collected from Oregon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |