236 lines
32 KiB
XML
236 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="76F55AFFFD29F0BA9AB92B5582314BD3">Description of a remarkable new species of ant in the genus Daceton Perty (Formicidae: Dacetini) from South America.</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A07240B092993F12CDD514B94B2DC58B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F7037748BE861EB84C232BC862AE225F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DE0711999F2E64C6E47CF6F0A089233B">Azorsa, F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="58C463CE178FE40059160F93A3839414">Sosa-Calvo, J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0AC53486DECFBB9986E701AD52DF8DE9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="97A1EBF5B14EE07F21959992F37B757D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="54A501A6894BF4AC6775BD23A3598BDC">
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<mods:date id="946AA42310A3FB5B9786E2B8AA1AC064">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="904F85D91BA544ACA8FC0225282366F9" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5B5483476ED9EA936397AFCCBFA7C286">1749</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="764656DFD43CF9648F40141ECC934924">http://hol.osu.edu/reference-full.html?id=21510</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C2D20455AA178CF17AA08BA119346D5E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BA1B0D33324E4A207471370866C171B5" type="HNS-Pub">21510</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="007FCA9B20192C2A8736C9997B8302CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6233686" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100122561" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6233686" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:007FCA9B20192C2A8736C9997B8302CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/007FCA9B20192C2A8736C9997B8302CE" lastPageNumber="37" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="5456E90D6382746BA0956FC57B354FA7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1F9CFBFF7D01BAF35659DB6C7B9BA353" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="39C2FF81EB67D4FD0031E3C788106613" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">Daceton boltoni Azorsa</taxonomicName>
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and Sosa-Calvo,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CD5EB550B69FF3911FB91A173F598EE" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E4204A404AB477CA7D0C1263F1068D11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BB66860B80CBE4474091C250320B71A4" pageNumber="32">(figs. 2, 4, 6, 8-16, 20-22)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CBAC7D3C8AC868A5160C82FBD6DB3D0D" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="729B378586E2941766D6D2E91EB3B6AF" pageNumber="32">Holotype worker. Measurements (mm): EL 0.66, GL 3.29, HL 3.21, HW 3.47, ML 2.34, PL 1.40, PPL 0.55, PSL 1.05, PW 3.13, SL 2.01, TL 13.9, WL 3.07. Indexes: CI 108, MI 73, PI 46, PSI 34, SI 58.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D170CDE24CD388E7F7C05B6D9DE1A616" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0089DB6F0007043BF7C5E9B8F3C16C9E" lastPageNumber="34" pageNumber="32">
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Polymorphic. Head heart-shaped; wider than long. Mandibles elongate and linear with apical fork consisting of two teeth of which the ventral one is the largest. Mandibles finely reticulate-punctate. Inner (masticatory) margin of mandibles with long hairs, lacking any short, thick hairs. Outer margin of mandibles with some decumbent hairs. Mandibles, in full-face view, somewhat short and stout [(MW/ML')* 100= 34-44] (fig. 23). Dorsum of clypeus with suberect to subdecumbent hairs. In some intermediate and major castes, dorsum of head with a small but conspicuous ocellus. Ocular carina absent. Ocular crest, in lateral view, with 1-3
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<pageStartToken id="747C0BEDD8AA2AD55ED008193E128E8A" pageNumber="34">erect</pageStartToken>
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, simple hairs. Antennal scapes not surpassing the posterior margin of head. Antennal scapes slightly thickening towards the apex, finely reticulate and shiny, and with most of their lengths covered with sparse decumbent to subdecumbent hairs. Base of mandibles, in lateral view, finely reticulate-punctate and ventrally rugose, rest of lateral margin of mandibles smooth and shiny. Sides of head lacking a broad gap between bases of mandibles and margins of head capsule when mandibles fully closed (except in two minors studied, in which case there is a narrow gap). Depressions, adjacent to and ventral to mandibular insertion, shallow (much deeper in
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<taxonomicName id="21CB9D0280843FC4C995AC74469AF089" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="17" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="2C23E727A0A8AA0A3F7FB0EDA826CEC0">
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<paragraph id="2E39434F7CF8EE328FB20BC667D4B234" pageNumber="33">
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FIGURES 7-13. Scanning Electron Micrographs of workers of:
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<taxonomicName id="6733E23ABA8280E23220FB70BFB5E9B4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">Daceton armigerum</taxonomicName>
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(7) and
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<taxonomicName id="5AA66A8AADA89758D9B59BD417CA4B39" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">Daceton boltoni</taxonomicName>
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(8-13). 7- 8 lateral view; 9-10 mesosoma in lateral and dorsal views, respectively; 11-12 gaster in lateral and dorsal views, respectively; 13 head in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="B02F7278CD245AE4249299CB6A4742AE">
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<paragraph id="5F942A5426DD244B1762F9CC903A7339" pageNumber="34">
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FIGURES 14-16. Automontage photographs of
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<taxonomicName id="7688CCA3F38DA42C50BC26D133776FED" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">Daceton boltoni</taxonomicName>
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, holotype worker. 14 body, dorsal view; 15 body, lateral view; 16 head, full-face view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="04F4A903A63F1D49219FBE6B62E150FD" pageNumber="34">Pronotum with a pair of humeral tubercles that are more carina-like and a pair of lateral, single-tipped (rather than bifurcate) spines. Propleuron, in lateral view, strongly angulate. Posterior portion of promesonotum with a pair of low tubercles. Promesonotum with at least two pairs of standing simple hairs. Metanotal groove weakly impressed. Propodeal spines long and somewhat curved inwards (U-shaped) when seen in fronto-dorsal view. Propodeal spiracles appearing, in dorsal view, as lateral prominences of propodeum; opening of propodeal spiracle longer than wide (oval).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FCDCDEB814A315D4F801CF0D06062A52" lastPageNumber="35" pageNumber="34">
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Peduncle of petiole long. Anterior-lateral margins smooth and shiny. Dorsum of petiole anteriorly with a pair of small spines that project latero-posteriorly. Disc of petiole finely reticulate-punctate, lacking a second pair of tubercles or spines. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, hexagonal. Disc of postpetiole finely reticulate-punctate
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<pageStartToken id="12DB1BF0952D24A2C86E7D8AAD0EA8A6" pageNumber="35">and</pageStartToken>
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with appressed hairs. Posterior margin of postpetiole, in lateral view, angulate. Dorsum of first gastral segment mainly with subdecumbent to decumbent hairs in addition to some appressed hairs.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="EC29F6BB3013BF5E63C146C979FA5A08">
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<paragraph id="273FB4BB40162EA6E5EA52A8204266D6" pageNumber="35">
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FIGURES 17-22. Automontage photographs contrasting the waist segments and the dorsum of the first gastral segment of
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<taxonomicName id="0C0B967F20270D22AACF8D1937B6C030" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">Daceton armigerum</taxonomicName>
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(17-19) and
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<taxonomicName id="F0B3FB9BC2D8F68C763C7A715FC808D8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">Daceton boltoni</taxonomicName>
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(20-22).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="9FF6F46F50A44BB0BBEBFBE6F013BD8B" pageNumber="35">Paratype workers. Measurements (mm): EL 0.31-0.79, GL 1.69-3.82, HL 1.08-3.57, HW 1.17-4.13, ML 0.66-2.83, PL 0.67-1.58, PPL 0.24-0.60, PSL 0.28-1.20, PW 0.95-3.60, SL 0.74-2.11, TL 5.68-15.9, WL 1.34-3.55. Indexes: CI 106-116, MI 61-79, PI 41-52, PSI 21-40, SI 51-74, (29 measured).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E1A16A52A12305B349A794B334E61CB" pageNumber="35">
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Holotype worker, Peru: Loreto, Iquitos, ACTS Field Station, Canopy Walkway,
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<geoCoordinate id="E96FA95DEA9F28422D3E24F5697DB621" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-3.25">03°15'00''S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="D3687E164987F7D93D3E4EDF0E833CCD" direction="west" orientation="longitude" value="-72.92">72°55'12''W</geoCoordinate>
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, 20-24.iii.2006 (F Azorsa). [Deposited in
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<collectionCode id="4F460B44F55BAE2250D1FBF6220891EF" collectionName="Peru, Lima, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Museo de Historia Natural">MUSM</collectionCode>
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.]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="33599D9DC771FC6F346136A36DAB5C23" pageNumber="35">
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Paratypes, 14 workers with same data as holotype; 15 workers, Brazil: Amazonas, Hwy ZF 2, Km 19, ca 60 Km N. Manaus,
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<geoCoordinate id="A9D2B519EC2141140E0CCD870690DA8F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-2.5">02°30'S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="0E2BE2A7DCDEEA1672357564873D5567" direction="west" orientation="longitude" value="-60.25">60°15'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 16.viii.1979, Terra Firma (T.L. Erwin et al.). [Deposited in
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<collectionCode id="3427BB93491B14C2002A8344BECEF5E2" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]">BMNH</collectionCode>
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(1), IAvH (1),
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<collectionCode id="A559B7A64B0A8F43B3DDB3CFD27CCAAB" collectionName="Colombia, Bogota, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Insituto de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Nacional">ICN</collectionCode>
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(1),
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<collectionCode id="A2530EF3852CA12359B6B4D10E76FDBA" collectionName="USA, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology">MCZC</collectionCode>
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(2),
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<collectionCode id="F453EC5D05B83FCBD16D65FDE31280AB" collectionName="Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo">MZSP</collectionCode>
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(2),
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<collectionCode id="DC9889D00CCF93E80D0605DDCB4EB484" collectionName="Peru, Lima, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Museo de Historia Natural">MUSM</collectionCode>
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(6),
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<collectionCode id="AE3A0B2A128EF4D4F8DBBFFB19A8D1F1" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]">USNM</collectionCode>
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(16).]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DFA52CE0A9EABEE4B9B45137E84916F3" pageNumber="35">
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Non-paratypic material examined. 6 workers, Brazil: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva 41 WWF, iii. 1992 (F.P. Benton) [
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<collectionCode id="A09A1B4E1D6BA9BAEE00B757A982FF02" collectionName="Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau">CPDC</collectionCode>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="41D007C3E2AE8378DF1720CC15A20AA8" pageNumber="35">Gyne and male. Unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FB22503A41C675FBCF9291A57318DB88" pageNumber="35">Range. This species is known to occur in Iquitos, Peru, and Manaus, Brazil.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DD524ECCCD6C3AF9D3BEF2BB75F3A9DF" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="FC6125D68905E421E118800F33AE5879" pageNumber="35">
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Etymology. It gives us great pleasure to name this ant in honor of Mr. Barry Bolton for his extensive contributions to the study of ant taxonomy and, especially, to the taxonomy of the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="1F7D1DCDD9761C2001E9CB5AE853AC15" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2280" lsidName-HNS="Dacetini Forel" pageNumber="35" rank="tribe" tribe="Dacetini">Dacetini</taxonomicName>
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. His worldwide revision of the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="837D69CE9DD605ABD9EAC7D889F26B45" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2280" lsidName-HNS="Dacetini Forel" pageNumber="35" rank="tribe" tribe="Dacetini">Dacetini</taxonomicName>
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is a monumental, well-documented work containing well-executed SEM micrographs and a very user-friendly taxonomical key that facilitates identification of the many miniscule, curious species of the tribe.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7CF967DD0CEF1D6EE9069440676D6BB7" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="06EEB1DA348EC3F93928F7EF4F95D1FD" pageNumber="36">
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<pageStartToken id="8AFE942737AF549B6426C851FD9D08C5" pageNumber="36">Habitat</pageStartToken>
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. This species seems to be an exclusively canopy-dwelling ant. The Peruvian specimens were collected on a Sloanea sp. (Elaeocarpaceae) tree.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="703ABF07A87BEE341EB6AB70C7E23481" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3D8D47AE9B1652FBB57DECC6CE062885" pageNumber="36">
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Worker variation. Among the specimens studied, some morphological variation has been documented, including: (i) All castes with sides of head lacking a broad gap between bases of mandibles and margins of head capsule when mandibles are fully closed, with the exception of the two minor workers studied, in which case there is a narrow gap. (ii) Erect hairs on the ocular crest are present in all workers examined. However, the number of hairs varies among specimens. We suspect that these hairs are fragile and can be easily lost, which may account for the variation observed between specimens. This seems also to apply to the standing hairs on the median promesonotum and behind the posterior tubercles of the promesonotum. (iii) Humeral tubercles are strongly reduced, sometimes forming a carina or absent, especially in smaller workers. (iv) The propodeal spines of all of the Peruvian specimens examined converging at the tips (U-shaped, when seen in fronto-dorsal view), whereas in most of the specimens from Brazil the propodeal spines are diverging, more like the state in
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<taxonomicName id="5CAC4E054E46843729335934235C22A2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="50" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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. (v) Petiolar spines short, almost absent in the smaller castes. The petiolar spines are more developed in the specimens from Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4310D46BFB4ABE7ED8F7B057D8546F57" type="multiple">
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<caption id="CAAADC1F86EBFEEDD6D75739B2AED226">
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<paragraph id="B29703926B306A428F13C0ADEF9AE86A" pageNumber="36">
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FIGURE 23. Relationship between ML' (mandible length in full-face view) and MW (mandible width) between
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<taxonomicName id="FE6BAB0941EA530BF80901C6508668DE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">Daceton armigerum</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="6D0C195CDF0425A8CC9F259B7AE4C056" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">Daceton boltoni</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3DB92529E2F17751871B36C76BB26DE8" type="key">
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<paragraph id="3B759FD31C759112C4F172F659D854D7" pageNumber="36">
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Key to the species of
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<taxonomicName id="58A114E1F3EA1F1FAF85D48057375FC8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2442" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton Perty" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Daceton</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0276B1C715EA9265901803D930E976B" pageNumber="36">
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Pronotal humeral spines bifurcate, the anterior tip larger than the posterior one (fig. 3). First gastral tergite without standing hairs (sometimes with very short, appressed hairs) (figs. 3, 7, 17-19). Mesonotum and metanotum divided by a strongly impressed metanotal groove (fig. 3). Inner (masticatory) margin of mandibles with a row of short thick setae (fig. 5).............................................................
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<taxonomicName id="09363C573A7AF88C3A3E8C883AAC7196" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">Daceton armigerum</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA9CF8F22543D1A43EC2D67E35815DD1" pageNumber="36">
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-. Pronotal humeral spines long and simple (figs. 4, 10, 14). First gastral tergite with suberect to subdecumbent hairs (figs. 4, 8, 11-12, 14-15, 20-22). Mesonotum and metanotum divided by a weakly impressed metanotal groove (figs. 4, 10, 14). Inner (masticatory) margin of mandibles lacking a row of short thick setae (fig. 6).......................................................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="8AA92C0E3CB6A4DB0BD3DA6A3978D45D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">Daceton boltoni</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C8AF757354271CD06F9CC465F4AC6CAC" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="9D0C0E308684AE6B25672E334970C046" pageNumber="37">
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<pageStartToken id="0CD3ECE83E668FDD5BEA3F44D9A51F31" pageNumber="37">Discussion</pageStartToken>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE03DED7A3F2BB9EAAA923FB5E6F5ABD" pageNumber="37">
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The worker caste of
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<taxonomicName id="59502A8E8D94E457636D111B89322BD1" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">Daceton boltoni</taxonomicName>
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shares many important character states with that of its sister species
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<taxonomicName id="66859159508C7EC56CCE486F6AEFF9A1" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="330" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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, including the heart-shaped head, the large eyes located on a low cuticular prominence (Bolton 2000), the number of apical mandibular teeth, and general habitus (figs. 1-8).
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<taxonomicName id="0079C4640E50468D12CDD3A59EE805E2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">Daceton boltoni</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="DD93A28E5BBEE3067A8CEA5AB5A5436A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="465" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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by the absence of a specialized row of thick setae on the inner (masticatory) margin of the mandibles; by mandibles that are slightly shorter and more stout, which could indicate differences in prey preferences between the two species (B. Bolton, pers. comm.); by a broad gap, when seen in profile, between the bases of the fully-closed mandibles and the margins of the head capsule; by shallow depressions adjacent to and ventral to the mandibular insertions; by long and simple lateral pronotal spines; by a weakly impressed metanotal groove; and by subdecumbent to decumbent hairs on the tergite of abdominal segment IV.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E9EAD3F15F2590F9A60E38619D425C4A" pageNumber="37">
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Behaviorally,
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<taxonomicName id="AFF2981EC225F64C351479330419AC55" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="384" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">D. boltoni</taxonomicName>
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appears to be very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="8CC1DC0E145E84AE500C1D9DF2BD3525" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="648" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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. However, drop tests conducted at the type locality indicate that
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<taxonomicName id="BCE6ECC87BF2102C6A0DF09F1A44D08B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="456" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">D. boltoni</taxonomicName>
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individuals exhibit weak and inconsistent aerial gliding behavior relative to those of
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<taxonomicName id="8ED55BB5D0E37EBFC6F5F07D93F02675" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="618" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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(S.P. Yanoviak, pers. comm.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="47E9E9B0803DB5CFF28BD1040F232B4F" pageNumber="37">
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These characters strongly suggest that
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<taxonomicName id="88F48DC4D4142AA895C3DC08AAA92BCA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="564" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">D. boltoni</taxonomicName>
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is a distinct species rather than a variety of
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<taxonomicName id="3F69ECA47D61BAE1570C250EF658AB27" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="585" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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. These character states are consistent across all 30 specimens examined from two distant localities in South America (Iquitos, Peru, and Manaus, Brazil) where both species co-occur. No intermediate forms were observed to suggest that the two forms are conspecific. Rather,
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<taxonomicName id="701AD5CD7CA0B1BCB2B74532DA0398E9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="756" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">D. boltoni</taxonomicName>
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is sympatric with
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<taxonomicName id="68829B6AC6581F76F87014395EC0A303" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="527" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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. Although its known distribution is currently only two locations in the Amazonian forest, it is possible and indeed likely that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="23AF59DC4062E78CDACF13E29783A978" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:236407" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="849" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton boltoni Azorsa & Sosa-Calvo" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boltoni">D. boltoni</taxonomicName>
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shares a broadly overlapping distribution with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EFB48407F5142AF53DF5825D260E986C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28560" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" genus.bestMatchDistance="493" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton armigerum (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigerum">D. armigerum</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0BA49439938F3503245490219322DAB" pageNumber="37">
|
|
The discovery of a
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|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DE9FAA0CC1D84405482E3C3521656EA8" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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in the heretofore monotypic genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5A25506266E0F656AA07618458B3D3E8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2442" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton Perty" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Daceton</taxonomicName>
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|
, a widely distributed genus of large and conspicuous ants occurring in most South American rainforests, suggests the possibility of a similar pattern in two other ant genera currently regarded as monotypic and likewise widely distributed,
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|
<taxonomicName id="F6BF80DE8F910572A90130EE1AF36EE9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24825" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Paraponera Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paraponera</taxonomicName>
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Smith and
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<taxonomicName id="35ECB97645CF2F66AA2F066FAB638F76" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2537" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Gigantiops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Gigantiops Roger" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gigantiops</taxonomicName>
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Roger. Individuals of these monotypic genera are, like those of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7124D2FF2D35101BA09D38ACA48AAD75" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2442" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton Perty" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Daceton</taxonomicName>
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, large and conspicuous. It is well worth considering that, as with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AF5FBA5B5B0E1B30818089E86F719C25" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2442" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Daceton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Daceton Perty" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Daceton</taxonomicName>
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, these features may have blinded myrmecologists to the possibility that these "monotypic" genera consist in reality of multiple cryptic species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |