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<document id="3B41B1DA673A5E167A45A8343888D7F2" ID-CLB-Dataset="9331" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4894.2.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5192b5ee-10df-4094-8b21-346e48b4a475" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4315651" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1607640118053" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Khudhur, Farhad A. &amp; Ahmed, Soran H." docDate="2020" docId="8C2887E9FFA2FFFA33D0FEB68D6EFACB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4894.2.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4894 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Saga syriaca Lucas 1864" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="299" masterDocId="7011FF91FFA3FFF83347FFFC8E7BFFA0" masterDocTitle="New distribution records of the genus Saga Charpentier, 1825 (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Saginae) from Iraq" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="297" pageNumber="298" updateTime="1698847335823" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DD18C7B6B1A62A3D297DDEFA6681C2FA">New distribution records of the genus Saga Charpentier, 1825 (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Saginae) from Iraq</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C5CCA8AC0DD974716F5CEE0536EDFDEE">Khudhur, Farhad A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A258D95CFB31B0574E4D3F03FB5DD174">Ahmed, Soran H.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="8C2887E9FFA2FFFA33D0FEB68D6EFACB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4324063" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176084894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4324063" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8C2887E9FFA2FFFA33D0FEB68D6EFACB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C2887E9FFA2FFFA33D0FEB68D6EFACB" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<subSubSection id="4C9B6574FFA2FFF933D0FEB68F01FE27" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA2FFF933D0FEB68FD3FEC4" blockId="1.[151,1436,330,464]" box="[151,424,330,356]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<heading id="5F768193FFA2FFF933D0FEB68FD3FEC4" bold="true" box="[151,424,330,356]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF933D0FEB68FD3FEC4" ID-CoL="8PJRD" authority="Lucas, 1864" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,424,330,356]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriaca">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA2FFF933D0FEB68FD3FEC4" bold="true" box="[151,424,330,356]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA2FFF933D0FEB68F77FEC4" bold="true" box="[151,268,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">S. syriaca</emphasis>
Lucas, 1864
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA2FFF933D0FE938F01FE27" blockId="1.[151,1436,330,464]" box="[151,378,367,392]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Figs 1c, d; Fig. 3d, e;</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4C9B6574FFA2FFFA33D0FE688D6EFACB" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="description">
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA2FFF933D0FE688A5EFE6F" blockId="1.[151,1436,330,464]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<materialsCitation id="B4E93CA2FFA2FFF933D0FE688A17FE0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995014305" box="[151,1132,403,430]" collectingDate="2020-08-06" collectingDateMax="2020-09-01" collectingDateMin="2020-08-06" collectorName="F. A. Khudhur &amp; S. H. Ahmed" latitude="35.5" location="Dekon" longLatPrecision="716" longitude="45.31" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sulaymaniyah">
2 ³³
<location id="015E6024FFA2FFF9339BFE6F8F5DFE0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8C2887E9FFA2FFFA33D0FEB68D6EFACB:015E6024FFA2FFF9339BFE6F8F5DFE0B" box="[220,294,403,427]" latitude="35.5" longLatPrecision="716" longitude="45.31" name="Dekon" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" stateProvince="Sulaymaniyah">Dekon</location>
,
<quantity id="C3799B1AFFA2FFF93276FE688F0EFE0B" box="[305,373,403,428]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="km" value="14.0">
<locationDeviation id="158C2FDDFFA2FFF93276FE688F0EFE0B" box="[305,373,403,428]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</locationDeviation>
</quantity>
SW
<collectingRegion id="C645F81DFFA2FFF932EBFE6F8C3EFE0B" box="[428,581,403,427]" country="Iraq" name="Slemani" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Sulaymaniyah</collectingRegion>
(35.50°N, 45.31°E),
<date id="703F103FFFA2FFF9306CFE6F8DF3FE0B" box="[811,904,403,427]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2020-08-06">
<collectingDate id="607BE9D7FFA2FFF9306CFE6F8DF3FE0B" box="[811,904,403,427]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2020-08-06">6.8.2020</collectingDate>
</date>
(F.A. Khudhur leg.).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="B4E93CA2FFA2FFF93734FE688A5AFE6F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2995014308" collectingDate="2020-08-06" collectingDateMax="2020-09-01" collectingDateMin="2020-08-06" collectorName="F. A. Khudhur &amp; S. H. Ahmed" latitude="35.5" location="Dekon" longLatPrecision="716" longitude="45.31" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sulaymaniyah">
<specimenCount id="1287FD76FFA2FFF93734FE688ACAFE0B" box="[1139,1201,404,428]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="female">1 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, 2 ³³ Dekon,
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<locationDeviation id="158C2FDDFFA2FFF9361FFE688BE7FE0B" box="[1368,1436,403,428]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</locationDeviation>
</quantity>
SW
<collectingRegion id="C645F81DFFA2FFF93382FE4B8F25FE6F" box="[197,350,439,463]" country="Iraq" name="Slemani" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Sulaymaniyah</collectingRegion>
(
<geoCoordinate id="61B55038FFA2FFF9322BFE4B8FB1FE6F" box="[364,458,439,463]" degrees="35.50" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="555" value="35.5">35.50°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="61B55038FFA2FFF93292FE4B8C4BFE6F" box="[469,560,439,463]" degrees="45.31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="555" value="45.31">45.31°E</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="703F103FFFA2FFF93105FE448CDBFE70" box="[578,672,440,464]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2020-09-01">
<collectingDate id="607BE9D7FFA2FFF93105FE448CDBFE70" box="[578,672,440,464]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2020-09-01">1.9.2020</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="A9745329FFA2FFF931E9FE448D39FE6F" box="[686,834,439,464]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">F.A. Khudhur</collectorName>
leg. &amp;
<collectorName id="A9745329FFA2FFF930D5FE448A61FE6F" box="[914,1050,439,464]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">S.H. Ahmed</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA2FFF933D0FC508A23FC64" blockId="1.[151,1112,940,967]" box="[151,1112,940,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA2FFF933D0FC508F74FC64" bold="true" box="[151,271,940,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">FIGURE-1</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF9325BFC508FD4FC64" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[284,431,940,964]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">S. ephippigera</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="1287FD76FFA2FFF932F2FC518FB3FC64" box="[437,456,941,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(a.),
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF932BAFC508CEBFC64" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[509,656,940,964]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">S. ephippigera</taxonomicName>
³ (b.),
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF931A7FC508D38FC64" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1864" box="[736,835,940,964]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriaca">S. syriaca</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="1287FD76FFA2FFF9300EFC518D27FC64" box="[841,860,941,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(c.) &amp;
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF930ECFC508A75FC64" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1864" box="[939,1038,940,964]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriaca">S. syriaca</taxonomicName>
³ (d.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA2FFF933D0FBE58BF1FB3C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1048,1180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF933D0FBE58F4FFB90" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[151,308,1048,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA2FFF933D0FBE58F4FFB90" box="[151,308,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">S. ephippigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figure-1 a. &amp; b.) is a medium sized insect with male measurements to
<quantity id="C3799B1AFFA2FFF9377AFBE48AF3FB90" box="[1085,1160,1048,1072]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
and female measurement to
<quantity id="C3799B1AFFA2FFF933F4FBC08F79FBF4" box="[179,258,1084,1108]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
. The head is large and the body is thick. The ovipositor, slightly curved upwards, its length is about twice the length of the pronotum. Body color ranges from green to dark brown and the face is darker in color than the body (Figure- 3 a-d). The female is wingless, while the male has short wing tegmina measuring a third of the length of the pronotum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA2FFF933D0F87C8DC4F838" blockId="1.[151,959,1920,1945]" box="[151,959,1920,1945]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA2FFF933D0F87C8F74F838" bold="true" box="[151,271,1920,1944]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">FIGURE-2</emphasis>
: Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF932ADF87D8C06F838" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[490,637,1920,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">S. ephippigera</taxonomicName>
(blue) &amp; S. syrica (red) in
<collectingCountry id="7C96766FFFA2FFF930C8F87D8DC0F838" box="[911,955,1921,1944]" name="Iraq" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Iraq</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA2FFFA33D0F8358F7DFEBB" blockId="1.[151,1436,1992,2017]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,283]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF933D0F8358F79F840" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,258,1993,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriaca">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA2FFF933D0F8358F79F840" box="[151,258,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">S. syriaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figure-1 c. &amp; d.) is larger and more robust than
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA2FFF9305AF8358DC2F840" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[797,953,1992,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA2FFF9305AF8358DC2F840" box="[797,953,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">S. ephippigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, males measuring about
<quantity id="C3799B1AFFA2FFF93780F8358B68F840" box="[1223,1299,1993,2017]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
and females about
<quantity id="C3799B1AFFA1FFFA339EFF648F4FFF0F" box="[217,308,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
, each with a larger head and thicker body. The ovipositor has the same shape and size of that of
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA1FFFA367AFF648EA6FF73" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA1FFFA367AFF648EA6FF73" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">S. ephippigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Body color ranges from light tan color to green and dark brown with reddish brown face color (Figure-3 e. &amp; f.). Female wingless; male tegmina shorter than those of
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA1FFFA3198FF1C8D07FF57" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[735,892,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA1FFFA3198FF1C8D07FF57" box="[735,892,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">S. ephippigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, measuring about one quarter of the length of the pronotum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA1FFFA33D0FB5C8AC2FB18" blockId="2.[151,1209,1184,1210]" box="[151,1209,1184,1210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA1FFFA33D0FB5C8F74FB18" bold="true" box="[151,271,1184,1208]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">FIGURE-3</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA1FFFA325BFB5C8FD4FB18" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[284,431,1184,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">S. ephippigera</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="1287FD76FFA1FFFA32F2FB5C8FB3FB17" box="[437,456,1184,1207]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(c. &amp; d.),
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA1FFFA3176FB5C8CB8FB18" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[561,707,1184,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">S. ephippigera</taxonomicName>
³ (a. &amp; d.),
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA1FFFA3002FB5C8DD3FB18" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1864" box="[837,936,1184,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriaca">S. syriaca</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="1287FD76FFA1FFFA30E9FB5C8DBAFB17" box="[942,961,1184,1207]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(e.) &amp;
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA1FFFA3756FB5C8A08FB18" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1864" box="[1041,1139,1184,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriaca">S. syriaca</taxonomicName>
³ (f.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="043E36FFFFA1FFFA33D0FAF08D6EFACB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1292,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
These two species are distributed in separated areas without syntopic populations, in steppes, valleys and mountain plains. They live on slopes of 0–45° at elevations range from
<quantity id="C3799B1AFFA1FFFA319CFACC8D64FAE7" box="[731,799,1328,1352]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
to
<quantity id="C3799B1AFFA1FFFA3007FACC8DEAFAE7" box="[832,913,1328,1352]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA1FFFA3097FACC8A17FAE8" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[976,1132,1328,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA1FFFA3097FACC8A17FAE8" box="[976,1132,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">S. ephippigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ocurs during late spring and early summer, while
<taxonomicName id="C3814D7CFFA1FFFA3230FAA88F9AFACC" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1864" box="[375,481,1364,1388]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriaca">
<emphasis id="36F5EAEDFFA1FFFA3230FAA88F9AFACC" box="[375,481,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">S. syriaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears during late summer.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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