611 lines
86 KiB
XML
611 lines
86 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9B8825019F2F7EF497D994566EFC90C6">Historical review and redescription of three poorly known species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from south-eastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="29B7E7CD9D3C24C2ED4C50894AEA5AF1">Costa, Wilson J. E. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A20A7B4FC7224599A7C96E16A8D637D">Katz, Axel M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E305B79CF16F60BA4B8D0D927BC7B5D0">Mattos, José Leonardo O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8DC01C101D9F7B7BF203BEB8EB6AD9F9">Amorim, Pedro F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="06738606D344959CBD98B5BF2760892A">Mesquita, Beatrizz O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9CC27AB082718566E60799CD99C7272D">Vilardo, Paulo J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="657B283BCF110140C5E5C530DD1680E7">Barbosa, Maria Anais</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="ED5067A6CFE73F8DC66F59C0A9404FC9">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0BAA8A921B8135CA5BE4F61166EC3278">
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<mods:date id="5BF77DB94C3D49686919B908E3193D27">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2C846B81F6928B859C5ED252F9D3024F">2020-05-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="33133380A7B81B4B0985625D2FAC21AD">53</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3B9F9BBE208B4F0E55B6911BED1E4979">47 - 48</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="BC4E4573C7FA47A36C832B1D801A825C">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1752406</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="65C72EDB9298848C62698CB479C506FB" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2020.1752406</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10238894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10238894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="2915" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">
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<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD3FFC69D43FED0ABD0E168" ID-CoL="58FK4" authority="Valenciennes, 1832" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1832" box="[375,940,352,378]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
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<emphasis id="318B646CFFD3FFC69D43FED0AAC4E168" bold="true" box="[375,696,352,378]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="676EC58FFFD3FFC69EF4FED0ABD0E168" author="Valenciennes A" box="[704,940,352,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" refId="ref15423" refString="Valenciennes A. 1832. Nouvelles observations sur le Capitan de Bogota, Eremophilus mutisii. In: Humboldt A, Bonpland A, editors. Recueil d' observations de Zoologie et d' Anatomie Comparee, faites dans l' Ocean Atlantique, dans l' interieur du Nouveau Continent et dans la Mer du Sud pendant les annes 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 et 1803, deuxieme volume. Observations de Zoologie et d' Anatomie comparee. Paris; p. 341 - 348." type="journal volume" year="1832">Valenciennes, 1832</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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<paragraph id="0340B87EFFD3FFC69E12FE33AA81E18F" blockId="6.[375,940,352,413]" box="[550,765,386,413]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">
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(
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<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFD3FFC69E1AFE33AAD2E18F" box="[558,686,387,413]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,875,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-153@6.[163,1153,873,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Live specimens, left lateral view, of: a, Trichomycterus nigricans, UFRJ 10,996, 69.7 mm SL; b, Trichomycterus immaculatus, UFRJ 12,050, 62.9 mm SL; c, Trichomycterus santaeritae, UFRJ 12,592, 56.8 mm SL. All were photographed a few hours after collection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831397" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831397/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Figures 1a</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFD3FFC69E88FE33AA89E18F" box="[700,757,386,413]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">2a–c</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0340B87EFFD3FFC69CF4FE08ABC9E22A" blockId="6.[160,1156,440,568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">
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<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD3FFC69CF4FE08AAFCE1C2" authority="Valenciennes" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1832" box="[192,640,440,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
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<emphasis id="318B646CFFD3FFC69CF4FE08A9A6E1C2" box="[192,474,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD3FFC69DD9FE08AAFCE1C2" box="[493,640,440,464]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Rio-Janeiro" location="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">Valenciennes</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Humboldt and Bonpland, 1832: 348.
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<typeStatus id="DC4406DCFFD3FFC69C94FE6BA975E1E1" box="[160,265,475,499]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: MNHN B.
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<quantity id="C407159BFFD3FFC69DB4FE6BAA67E1E1" box="[384,539,475,499]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.51125" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" unit="mm" value="251125.0">251, 125 mm</quantity>
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SL (photographs available at http://acsi.acnatsci.org/ base/image_list.html?search=true&orderby=genus&genus=
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<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD3FFC69F75FE4EAB85E204" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1832" box="[833,1017,510,534]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trichomycterus</taxonomicName>
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&trivial=nigri cans; type locality: environs
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<collectorName id="AE0ADDA8FFD3FFC69DE9FD90AA01E22A" box="[477,637,544,568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">de Rio-Janeiro</collectorName>
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[vicinity of
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<collectingRegion id="C13B769CFFD3FFC69F34FD90ABDAE22A" box="[768,934,544,568]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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]).
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<emphasis id="318B646CFFD3FFC69C94FDD8A903E293" bold="true" box="[160,383,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0340B87EFFD3FFC79C94FD3CAAEBE602" blockId="6.[160,1156,616,815]" lastBlockId="7.[160,1156,1355,1552]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="2912" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">
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<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD3FFC69C94FD3CAA7EE2D5" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Brazil" location="Estado" municipality="All" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingMunicipality id="E3242204FFD3FFC69C94FD3CA8C1E2B6" box="[160,189,652,676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">All</collectingMunicipality>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="7BE8F8EEFFD3FFC69D34FD3CA943E2B6" box="[256,319,652,676]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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:
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<location id="0620EEA5FFD3FFC69D7DFD3CA9E8E2B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B:0620EEA5FFD3FFC69D7DFD3CA9E8E2B6" box="[329,404,652,676]" country="Brazil" municipality="All" name="Estado" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Estado</location>
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do
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<collectingRegion id="C13B769CFFD3FFC69DF4FD3CAA1DE2B6" box="[448,609,652,676]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectionCode id="65EE20BBFFD3FFC69E5FFD3CAAC9E2B6" box="[619,693,652,676]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">MNHN</collectionCode>
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B-0251,
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<typeStatus id="DC4406DCFFD3FFC69F22FD3CAB01E2B6" box="[790,893,652,676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, about
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<quantity id="C407159BFFD3FFC69FE4FD3CAC50E2B6" box="[976,1068,652,676]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" unit="mm" value="127.0">127 mm</quantity>
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in total length; vicinity of
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<collectingRegion id="C13B769CFFD3FFC69D51FD1FAA7EE2D5" box="[357,514,687,711]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD3FFC69E3EFD1FA8C7E31E" country="Brazil" county="Municipio de Cachoeira de Macacu" elevation="110" latitude="-22.47833" location="Rio Farao" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-42.62916" municipality="Rio Guapiacu" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCounty id="EA21C0F2FFD3FFC69E3EFD1FABF3E2D5" box="[522,911,687,711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Município de Cachoeira de Macacu</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="E3242204FFD3FFC69FACFD1FAC56E2D5" box="[920,1066,687,711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Rio Guapiaçu</collectingMunicipality>
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basin: – UFRJ 5322, 2;
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, tributary of
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<location id="0620EEA5FFD3FFC69E19FD61AAD2E2FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B:0620EEA5FFD3FFC69E19FD61AAD2E2FB" box="[557,686,721,745]" country="Brazil" county="Municipio de Cachoeira de Macacu" latitude="-22.47833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-42.62916" municipality="Rio Guapiacu" name="Rio Macacu" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Rio Macacu</location>
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, -
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, -
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, about
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|
||
<quantity id="C407159BFFD3FFC69821FD61AC26E2FB" box="[1045,1114,721,745]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</quantity>
|
||
asl
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
; W
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.J.E.M. Costa et al.,
|
||
<date id="77419EBEFFD3FFC69DB2FD44AA6AE31E" box="[390,534,756,780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" value="2011-05-25">25 May 2011</date>
|
||
. –
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD3FFC79E07FD44A99AE571" country="Brazil" elevation="165" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="2912" latitude="-22.41916" location="Rio Manuel Alexandre" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-42.73861" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
UFRJ 10,996, 18; UFRJ 10,989, 5 (DNA); UFRJ 11,897, 3 (C&S); small tributary stream of the
|
||
<location id="0620EEA5FFD3FFC69E1EFCA7AB5EE33D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B:0620EEA5FFD3FFC69E1EFCA7AB5EE33D" box="[554,802,791,815]" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.41916" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-42.73861" name="Rio Manuel Alexandre" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Rio Manuel Alexandre</location>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66CBDEB9FFD3FFC69F05FCA7ABD4E33D" box="[817,936,791,815]" degrees="22.41916" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" precision="1" value="-22.41916">22.41916S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66CBDEB9FFD3FFC69F8CFCA7AC44E33D" box="[952,1080,791,815]" degrees="42.73861" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" precision="1" value="-42.73861">42.73861W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, about
|
||
<elevation id="88D25F4DFFD2FFC79C94FAFBA9E9E571" box="[160,405,1355,1379]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" unit="m" value="165.0">
|
||
<quantity id="C407159BFFD2FFC79C94FAFBA899E571" box="[160,229,1355,1379]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" unit="m" value="165.0">165 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
(asl); A
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Katz et al.,
|
||
<date id="77419EBEFFD2FFC79E50FAFBAA85E571" box="[612,761,1355,1379]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" value="2016-06-16">16 June 2016</date>
|
||
. –
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD2FFC79F22FAFBA946E5BA" collectionCode="T" country="Brazil" elevation="145" latitude="-22.42277" location="Rio Macacu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-42.74194" municipality="Riacho Mineiro Branco" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
UFRJ 11898, 1 (C&S); UFRJ 11899, 2 (C&S);
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="E3242204FFD2FFC79D34FADEAA7EE594" box="[256,514,1390,1414]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">Riacho Mineiro Branco</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, tributary of
|
||
<location id="0620EEA5FFD2FFC79EA2FADEAB66E594" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B:0620EEA5FFD2FFC79EA2FADEAB66E594" box="[662,794,1390,1414]" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.42277" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-42.74194" municipality="Riacho Mineiro Branco" name="Rio Macacu" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Rio Macacu</location>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66CBDEB9FFD2FFC79F18FADEABD8E594" box="[812,932,1390,1414]" degrees="22.42277" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" precision="1" value="-22.42277">22.42277S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66CBDEB9FFD2FFC79F81FADEAC49E594" box="[949,1077,1390,1414]" degrees="42.74194" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" precision="1" value="-42.74194">42.74194W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, about
|
||
<elevation id="88D25F4DFFD2FFC79C94FA20A966E5BA" box="[160,282,1424,1448]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" unit="m" value="145.0">
|
||
<quantity id="C407159BFFD2FFC79C94FA20A890E5BA" box="[160,236,1424,1448]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" unit="m" value="145.0">145 m</quantity>
|
||
asl
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="65EE20BBFFD2FFC79D1EFA20A946E5BA" box="[298,314,1424,1448]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">T</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Barros et al.,
|
||
<date id="77419EBEFFD2FFC79DD8FA20AAFBE5BA" box="[492,647,1424,1448]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" value="2015-07-11">11 July 2015</date>
|
||
. –
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD2FFC79E86FA20AA78E5D9" country="Brazil" elevation="40" latitude="-22.43416" location="Rio do Gato" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-42.76" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
UFRJ 8433, 3;
|
||
<location id="0620EEA5FFD2FFC79F6BFA20AB8FE5BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B:0620EEA5FFD2FFC79F6BFA20AB8FE5BA" box="[863,1011,1424,1448]" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.43416" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-42.76" name="Rio do Gato" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Rio do Gato</location>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66CBDEB9FFD2FFC7983DFA20ACFDE5BA" box="[1033,1153,1424,1448]" degrees="22.43416" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" precision="1" value="-22.43416">22.43416S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="66CBDEB9FFD2FFC79C92FA03A95AE5D9" box="[166,294,1459,1483]" degrees="42.76000" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" precision="1" value="-42.76">42.76000W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, about
|
||
<elevation id="88D25F4DFFD2FFC79DB4FA03A99AE5D9" box="[384,486,1459,1483]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" unit="m" value="40.0">
|
||
<quantity id="C407159BFFD2FFC79DB4FA03A9C0E5D9" box="[384,444,1459,1483]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
|
||
asl
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
; B
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Terra,
|
||
<date id="77419EBEFFD2FFC79E6EFA03AB6FE5D9" box="[602,787,1459,1483]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" value="2011-08-24">24 August 2011</date>
|
||
. –
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD2FFC79F0CFA03ACFCE5D9" box="[824,1152,1459,1483]" country="Brazil" location="Rio Macacu" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
UFRJ 8498, 4;
|
||
<location id="0620EEA5FFD2FFC79FE8FA03AC1EE5D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B:0620EEA5FFD2FFC79FE8FA03AC1EE5D9" box="[988,1122,1459,1483]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Macacu" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Rio Macacu</location>
|
||
; B
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Terra,
|
||
<date id="77419EBEFFD2FFC79CD3FA66A9B5E5FC" box="[231,457,1494,1518]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" value="2011-09-28">28 September 2011</date>
|
||
. –
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD2FFC79DD8FA66AB52E5FC" box="[492,814,1494,1518]" country="Brazil" location="Rio Macacu" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
UFRJ 8499, 1;
|
||
<location id="0620EEA5FFD2FFC79EB9FA66AB6DE5FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B:0620EEA5FFD2FFC79EB9FA66AB6DE5FC" box="[653,785,1494,1518]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Macacu" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Rio Macacu</location>
|
||
; B
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Terra,
|
||
<date id="77419EBEFFD2FFC79FB5FA66AC56E5FC" box="[897,1066,1494,1518]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" value="2011-08-04">4 August 2011</date>
|
||
. –
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B397B223FFD2FFC79879FA66A9E1E602" country="Brazil" location="Rio Macacu" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
UFRJ 8500, 2;
|
||
<location id="0620EEA5FFD2FFC79CCAFA48A9FDE602" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8B560968FFD3FFCA9D43FED0A922E68B:0620EEA5FFD2FFC79CCAFA48A9FDE602" box="[254,385,1528,1552]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Macacu" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Rio Macacu</location>
|
||
; B
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Terra,
|
||
<date id="77419EBEFFD2FFC79DD9FA48AAEFE602" box="[493,659,1528,1552]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" value="2011-08-04">4 August 2011</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="5780E8F6FFD3FFC69C94F9DDAB58E6AD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831397" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10831397" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831397/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" startId="6.[160,225,1645,1668]" targetBox="[165,1151,875,1612]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFD3FFC69C94F9DDAB58E6AD" blockId="6.[160,1157,1645,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD3FFC69C94F9DDA886E696" bold="true" box="[160,250,1645,1668]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Live specimens, left lateral view, of: a,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD3FFC69E4DF9DDABE3E696" authority=", UFRJ" authorityName="UFRJ" box="[633,927,1645,1668]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD3FFC69E4DF9DDAB18E696" box="[633,868,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
, UFRJ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
10,996, 69.7 mm SL; b,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD3FFC69C94F93BA98FE6B0" authority=", UFRJ" authorityName="UFRJ" box="[160,499,1675,1698]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD3FFC69C94F93BA9C9E6B0" box="[160,437,1675,1698]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Trichomycterus immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
, UFRJ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
12,050, 62.9 mm SL; c,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD3FFC69EC4F93BAC4EE6B0" authority=", UFRJ" authorityName="UFRJ" box="[752,1074,1675,1698]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD3FFC69EC4F93BAB89E6B0" box="[752,1013,1675,1698]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2911">Trichomycterus santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
, UFRJ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
12,592, 56.8 mm SL. All were photographed a few hours after collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5780E8F6FFD2FFC79C94FBBFAA6AE502" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" startId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" targetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFD2FFC79C94FBBFAA6AE502" blockId="7.[160,1156,1038,1296]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79C94FBBFA886E434" bold="true" box="[160,250,1039,1062]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Osteological features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79DC4FBBFAAA0E434" box="[496,732,1039,1062]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79DC4FBBFAAA0E434" box="[496,732,1039,1062]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a–c),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79F2BFBBFABCDE434" box="[799,945,1039,1062]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79F2BFBBFABCDE434" box="[799,945,1039,1062]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">T. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(d–f), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC7982AFBBFA8B8E451" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC7982AFBBFA8B8E451" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">T. santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BE5EBF5FFD2FFC89C94F98EABDFE2BC" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="2913" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFD2FFC79C94F98EA968E645" blockId="7.[160,1156,1598,1727]" box="[160,276,1598,1623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79C94F98EA968E645" bold="true" box="[160,276,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFD2FFC89C94F9D2ABDFE2BC" blockId="7.[160,1156,1598,1727]" lastBlockId="8.[160,1156,142,686]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="2913" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79C94F9D2A9D0E668" box="[160,428,1634,1658]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79C94F9D2A9D0E668" box="[160,428,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all other congeners, except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79F59F9D2ABABE668" authorityName="Lima, Lazzarotto and Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[877,983,1634,1658]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caipora">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79F59F9D2ABABE668" box="[877,983,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">T. caipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79FD6F9D2AC1AE668" authorityName="Lima and Costa" authorityYear="2004" box="[994,1126,1634,1658]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="giganteus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79FD6F9D2AC1AE668" box="[994,1126,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">T. giganteus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79845F9D2A951E68F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79845F9D2A951E68F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">T. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79D74F935A9BBE68F" authorityName="Sarmento-Soares, Martins-Pinheiro, Aranda and Chamon" authorityYear="2005" box="[320,455,1669,1693]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pradensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79D74F935A9BBE68F" box="[320,455,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">T. pradensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79E39F935AAD9E68F" box="[525,677,1669,1693]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79E39F935AAD9E68F" box="[525,677,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">T. santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by having 9 pectoral-fin rays (vs 6–8).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFD2FFC79C94F917A9C8E6AD" box="[160,436,1703,1727]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFD2FFC79C94F917A9C8E6AD" box="[160,436,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2912">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all other species here osteologically examined, except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89CC1FF3EA91FE0B4" authorityName="Lima, Lazzarotto and Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[245,355,142,166]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caipora">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89CC1FF3EA91FE0B4" box="[245,355,142,166]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. caipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89D46FF3EAA67E0B4" box="[370,539,142,166]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89D46FF3EAA67E0B4" box="[370,539,142,166]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89E6EFF3EAA93E0B4" box="[602,751,142,166]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89E6EFF3EAA93E0B4" box="[602,751,142,166]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the presence of a pronounced posterior process on the maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDDFFC89E14FF01AAF5E0DB" box="[544,649,177,201]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs a rudimentary process). It is also distinguished from all congeners, except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89E1EFF64AAE8E0FE" authorityName="Lima, Lazzarotto and Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[554,660,212,236]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caipora">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89E1EFF64AAE8E0FE" box="[554,660,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. caipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89EABFF64AB3FE0FE" box="[671,835,212,236]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89EABFF64AB3FE0FE" box="[671,835,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89F4DFF64AC76E0FE" box="[889,1034,212,236]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89F4DFF64AC76E0FE" box="[889,1034,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by having the caudal fin emarginate at least in larger specimens (vs truncate or subtruncate, rarely bilobed).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89D3FFEA9AA65E123" box="[267,537,281,305]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89D3FFEA9AA65E123" box="[267,537,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89F22FEA9ABC1E123" box="[790,957,281,305]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89F22FEA9ABC1E123" box="[790,957,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a long maxilla, about as long as the premaxilla or longer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDDFFC89ED7FE8CAB30E146" box="[739,844,316,340]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs distinctively shorter); a slender autopalatine, its width about two-fifths the autopalatine length without the posterolateral process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDDFFC89D93FE31AA6DE18B" box="[423,529,385,409]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs about half autopalatine length); a robust opercular odontode patch, its depth about three-quarters of the opercle length, with about 25 odontodes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDDFFC89D1DFE76A9E8E1CC" box="[297,404,454,478]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs slender, its depth about two-fifths of the opercle length, with about 15–20 odontodes;
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDDFFC89DFBFE59AA42E213" box="[463,574,489,513]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Figure 2e</figureCitation>
|
||
); and the anterior extremity of hypobranchial 3 branched (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDDFFC89D28FDBCA9F9E236" box="[284,389,524,548]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Figure 2c</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs unbranched).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89E6AFDBCAB11E236" box="[606,877,524,548]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89E6AFDBCAB11E236" box="[606,877,524,548]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89845FDBCA951E254" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89845FDBCA951E254" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89D56FD9EA98FE254" box="[354,499,558,582]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89D56FD9EA98FE254" box="[354,499,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having an anterior expansion in the interopercle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDDFFC89808FD9EA8C1E27B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs interopercle without anterior expansion;
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDDFFC89EE4FDE1AB20E27B" box="[720,860,593,617]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Figure 2e, h</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89F47FDE1ACFFE27B" box="[883,1155,593,617]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89F47FDE1ACFFE27B" box="[883,1155,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Trichomycterus nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89D1DFDC4A9E9E29E" authorityName="Lima, Lazzarotto and Costa" authorityYear="2008" box="[297,405,628,652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caipora">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89D1DFDC4A9E9E29E" box="[297,405,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. caipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89DFAFDC4AA1CE29E" box="[462,608,628,652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89DFAFDC4AA1CE29E" box="[462,608,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a homogeneous black colouration on the body side, dorsum and fins (vs head, dorsum and flank spotted).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BE5EBF5FFDDFFCA9C94FD6BAC60E543" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="2915" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDDFFC89C94FD6BA95AE2E6" blockId="8.[160,1156,731,1068]" box="[160,294,731,756]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89C94FD6BA95AE2E6" bold="true" box="[160,294,731,756]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDDFFC99C94FD4FAA9BE164" blockId="8.[160,1156,731,1068]" lastBlockId="9.[160,1157,142,1726]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="2914" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
Morphometric data are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="4E7D8DC5FFDDFFC89E26FD4FAA19E305" box="[530,613,767,791]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="8.[214,270,1126,1149]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data of Trichomycterus immaculatus, T. nigricans and T. santaeritae." pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Largest specimen examined 98.0 mm SL. Body moderately slender, subcylindrical and slightly depressed anteriorly, compressed posteriorly. Greatest body depth at vertical just in front pelvic-fin base. Dorsal profile of head and trunk slightly convex, approximately straight on caudal peduncle; ventral profile straight to slightly convex between lower jaw and end of anal-fin base, straight on caudal peduncle. Skin papillae minute. Anus and urogenital papilla in vertical through anterior third of dorsal-fin base. Head trapezoidal in dorsal view. Anterior profile of snout convex in dorsal view. Eye small, dorsally positioned in head. Posterior nostril nearer to anterior nostril than to orbit. Tip of maxillary barbel reaching between posterior edge of interopercular patch of odontodes and middle portion of opercular patch of odontodes; tip of rictal barbel reaching between middle and posterior part of interopercular patch of odontodes; tip of nasal barbel reaching anterior margin of opercular patch of odontodes. Mouth subterminal. Jaw teeth arranged in irregular rows, sharply pointed in internal rows, gradually becoming incisiform on outermost rows; premaxillary teeth nearly straight, dentary teeth slightly curved inside mouth. Branchial membrane attached to isthmus only at its anterior point. Branchiostegal rays 7 or 8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5780E8F6FFDDFFC89CE2FBD6AC31E46F" box="[214,1101,1126,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" startId="8.[214,270,1126,1149]">
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDDFFC89CE2FBD6AC31E46F" blockId="8.[214,1101,1126,1149]" box="[214,1101,1126,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89CE2FBD6A95AE46F" bold="true" box="[214,294,1126,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric data of
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89E3FFBD6ABE9E46F" box="[523,917,1126,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89E3FFBD6AB63E46F" box="[523,799,1126,1149]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">Trichomycterus immaculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89F1CFBD6ABE9E46F" box="[808,917,1126,1149]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">T. nigricans</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89FF3FBD6AC35E46F" box="[967,1097,1126,1149]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89FF3FBD6AC35E46F" box="[967,1097,1126,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDDFFC89E0AFB3AAC5AE6A7" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<table id="71FF4ADEFFDD003F9CD4FB3AAC3FE6A7" box="[224,1091,1162,1717]" gridcols="4" gridrows="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FB3AAC3FE48F" box="[224,1091,1162,1181]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFB3AAAE7E48F" box="[574,667,1162,1181]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89E0AFB3AAAE7E48F" box="[574,667,1162,1181]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89E0AFB3AAAE7E48F" box="[574,667,1162,1181]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFB3AAB0AE48F" box="[762,886,1162,1181]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89ECEFB3AAB0AE48F" box="[762,886,1162,1181]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89ECEFB3AAB0AE48F" box="[762,886,1162,1181]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FB3AAC3FE48F" box="[981,1091,1162,1181]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDDFFC89FE1FB3AAC3FE48F" box="[981,1091,1162,1181]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santaeritae">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDDFFC89FE1FB3AAC3FE48F" box="[981,1091,1162,1181]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">T. santaeritae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FB12AC3FE4A7" box="[224,1091,1186,1205]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFB12AAE7E4A7" box="[574,667,1186,1205]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">(n = 13)</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFB12AB0AE4A7" box="[762,886,1186,1205]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">(n = 8)</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FB12AC3FE4A7" box="[981,1091,1186,1205]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">(n = 8)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FB72AC3FE4C7" box="[224,1091,1218,1237]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FB72A9CDE4C7" box="[224,433,1218,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Standard length (mm)</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFB72AAE7E4C7" box="[574,667,1218,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">69.7–98.0</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFB72AB0AE4C7" box="[762,886,1218,1237]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">41.1–117.0</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FB72AC3FE4C7" box="[981,1091,1218,1237]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">41.1–74.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FB6AAC3FE4FF" box="[224,1091,1242,1261]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FB6AAC3FE4FF" box="[224,1091,1242,1261]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Percentage of standard length</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FB42AC3FE517" box="[224,1091,1266,1285]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FB42A9CDE517" box="[224,433,1266,1285]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Body depth</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFB42AAE7E517" box="[574,667,1266,1285]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">14.2–15.9</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFB42AB0AE517" box="[762,886,1266,1285]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">12.4–19.4</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FB42AC3FE517" box="[981,1091,1266,1285]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">13.4–16.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FABAAC3FE50F" box="[224,1091,1290,1309]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FABAA9CDE50F" box="[224,433,1290,1309]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFABAAAE7E50F" box="[574,667,1290,1309]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">10.5–12.7</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFABAAB0AE50F" box="[762,886,1290,1309]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">10.8–14.5</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FABAAC3FE50F" box="[981,1091,1290,1309]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">8.3–11.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FA92AC3FE527" box="[224,1091,1314,1333]" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FA92A9CDE527" box="[224,433,1314,1333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Body width</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFA92AAE7E527" box="[574,667,1314,1333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">8.2–11.5</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFA92AB0AE527" box="[762,886,1314,1333]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">10.1–11.3</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FA92AC3FE527" box="[981,1091,1314,1333]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">10.1–11.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FA8AAC3FE55F" box="[224,1091,1338,1357]" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FA8AA9CDE55F" box="[224,433,1338,1357]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Caudal peduncle width</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFA8AAAE7E55F" box="[574,667,1338,1357]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">2.5–4.4</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFA8AAB0AE55F" box="[762,886,1338,1357]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">2.3–3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FA8AAC3FE55F" box="[981,1091,1338,1357]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">2.8–3.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FAE2AC3FE577" box="[224,1091,1362,1381]" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FAE2A9CDE577" box="[224,433,1362,1381]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Pre-dorsal length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFAE2AAE7E577" box="[574,667,1362,1381]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">60.4–68.8</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFAE2AB0AE577" box="[762,886,1362,1381]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">56.6–70.0</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FAE2AC3FE577" box="[981,1091,1362,1381]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">56.6–61.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FADAAC3FE56F" box="[224,1091,1386,1405]" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FADAA9CDE56F" box="[224,433,1386,1405]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Pre-pelvic length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFADAAAE7E56F" box="[574,667,1386,1405]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">52.3–59.6</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFADAAB0AE56F" box="[762,886,1386,1405]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">55.3–60.4</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FADAAC3FE56F" box="[981,1091,1386,1405]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">52.3–56.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FA32AC3FE587" box="[224,1091,1410,1429]" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FA32A9CDE587" box="[224,433,1410,1429]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Length of dorsal-fin base</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFA32AAE7E587" box="[574,667,1410,1429]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">11.4–12.8</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFA32AB0AE587" box="[762,886,1410,1429]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">10.2–14.0</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FA32AC3FE587" box="[981,1091,1410,1429]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">13.2–16.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FA2AAC3FE5BF" box="[224,1091,1434,1453]" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FA2AA9CDE5BF" box="[224,433,1434,1453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Length of anal-fin base</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFA2AAAE7E5BF" box="[574,667,1434,1453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">8.4–9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFA2AAB0AE5BF" box="[762,886,1434,1453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">8.3–9.3</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FA2AAC3FE5BF" box="[981,1091,1434,1453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">7.3–9.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FA02AC3FE5D7" box="[224,1091,1458,1477]" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FA02A9CDE5D7" box="[224,433,1458,1477]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Caudal-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFA02AAE7E5D7" box="[574,667,1458,1477]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">15.1–16.1</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFA02AB0AE5D7" box="[762,886,1458,1477]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">13.7–18.8</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FA02AC3FE5D7" box="[981,1091,1458,1477]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">14.6–19.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FA7AAC3FE5CF" box="[224,1091,1482,1501]" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FA7AA9CDE5CF" box="[224,433,1482,1501]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Pectoral-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFA7AAAE7E5CF" box="[574,667,1482,1501]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">11.7–15.1</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFA7AAB0AE5CF" box="[762,886,1482,1501]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">12.4–16.4</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FA7AAC3FE5CF" box="[981,1091,1482,1501]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">15.5–18.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FA52AC3FE5E7" box="[224,1091,1506,1525]" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FA52A9CDE5E7" box="[224,433,1506,1525]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Pelvic-fin length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFA52AAE7E5E7" box="[574,667,1506,1525]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">9.6–11.7</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFA52AB0AE5E7" box="[762,886,1506,1525]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">8.7–13.8</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FA52AC3FE5E7" box="[981,1091,1506,1525]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">11.6–13.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4FA4AAC3FE61F" box="[224,1091,1530,1549]" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4FA4AA9CDE61F" box="[224,433,1530,1549]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Head length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AFA4AAAE7E61F" box="[574,667,1530,1549]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">18.7–20.1</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEFA4AAB0AE61F" box="[762,886,1530,1549]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">18.7–23.1</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1FA4AAC3FE61F" box="[981,1091,1530,1549]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">21.1–23.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4F9A2AC3FE637" box="[224,1091,1554,1573]" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4F9A2AC3FE637" box="[224,1091,1554,1573]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Percentage of head length</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4F99AAC3FE62F" box="[224,1091,1578,1597]" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4F99AA9CDE62F" box="[224,433,1578,1597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Head depth</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AF99AAAE7E62F" box="[574,667,1578,1597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">45.7–56.8</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEF99AAB0AE62F" box="[762,886,1578,1597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">42.6–53.4</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1F99AAC3FE62F" box="[981,1091,1578,1597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">46.2–54.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4F9F2AC3FE647" box="[224,1091,1602,1621]" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4F9F2A9CDE647" box="[224,433,1602,1621]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Head width</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AF9F2AAE7E647" box="[574,667,1602,1621]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">71.8–90.5</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEF9F2AB0AE647" box="[762,886,1602,1621]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">77.2–87.1</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1F9F2AC3FE647" box="[981,1091,1602,1621]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">74.9–84.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4F9EAAC3FE67F" box="[224,1091,1626,1645]" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4F9EAA9CDE67F" box="[224,433,1626,1645]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Snout length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AF9EAAAE7E67F" box="[574,667,1626,1645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">42.9–49.7</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEF9EAAB0AE67F" box="[762,886,1626,1645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">41.8–50.7</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1F9EAAC3FE67F" box="[981,1091,1626,1645]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">43.8–46.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4F9C2AC3FE697" box="[224,1091,1650,1669]" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4F9C2A9CDE697" box="[224,433,1650,1669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Interorbital length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AF9C2AAE7E697" box="[574,667,1650,1669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">24.5–29.9</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEF9C2AB0AE697" box="[762,886,1650,1669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">22.1–28.6</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1F9C2AC3FE697" box="[981,1091,1650,1669]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">21.5–23.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4F93AAC3FE68F" box="[224,1091,1674,1693]" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4F93AA9CDE68F" box="[224,433,1674,1693]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Preorbital length</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AF93AAAE7E68F" box="[574,667,1674,1693]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">14.3–17.2</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEF93AAB0AE68F" box="[762,886,1674,1693]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">15.8–20.1</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1F93AAC3FE68F" box="[981,1091,1674,1693]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">13.7–16.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BDCFBA3CFFDD003F9CD4F912AC3FE6A7" box="[224,1091,1698,1717]" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">
|
||
<th id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9CD4F912A9CDE6A7" box="[224,433,1698,1717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">Eye diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9E0AF912AAE7E6A7" box="[574,667,1698,1717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">9.2–12.7</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9ECEF912AB0AE6A7" box="[762,886,1698,1717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">9.5–13.1</td>
|
||
<td id="FE1ED340FFDD003F9FE1F912AC3FE6A7" box="[981,1091,1698,1717]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="2913">14.7–21.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDCFFC99CF4FE31AB11E32B" blockId="9.[160,1157,142,1726]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2914">
|
||
Dorsal and anal fins subtriangular; total dorsal-fin rays 11 or 12 (ii–iv + I–II + 6–7), total anal-fin rays 9–11 (ii–iii + II–III + 5); anal-fin origin in vertical just posterior to dorsal-fin base. Dorsal-fin origin in vertical through centrum of 18th or 19th vertebrae; anal-fin origin in vertical between centrum of 23rd and 25th vertebrae. Pectoral fin subtriangular in dorsal view, posterior margin slightly convex, first pectoral-fin ray terminating in short filament reaching about 25% of pectoral-fin length without filament; total pectoral-fin rays 9 (I + 8). Pelvic fin truncate, its posterior extremity reaching urogenital papilla; pelvic-fin bases medially separated by minute interspace; total pelvic-fin rays 5 (I + 4). Caudal fin truncate to slightly emarginate in large specimens above about
|
||
<quantity id="C407159BFFDCFFC99ECEFD26AB3BE2BC" box="[762,839,662,686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="2914" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL, posterior margin straight to gently concave; total principal caudal-fin rays 13 (I + 11 + I), total dorsal procurrent rays 12–15 (xii–xv), total ventral procurrent rays 10–14 (x–xiv). Vertebrae 35 or 36. Ribs 11 or 12. Two dorsal hypural plates, corresponding to hypurals 4 + 5 and 3, respectively; single ventral hypural plate corresponding to hypurals 1 and 2 and parhypural.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDCFFC99CF4FCF4AC39E4A4" blockId="9.[160,1157,142,1726]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2914">Laterosensory system. Supraorbital sensory canal continuous, connected to infraorbital sensory canal posteriorly. Supraorbital sensory canal with 3 pores: s1, adjacent to medial margin of anterior nostril; s3, adjacent to medial margin of posterior nostril; and s6, on middle part of dorsal surface of head, in transverse line just posterior to orbit; pores s6 medially in close proximity. Infraorbital sensory canal arranged in 2 segments, each with 2 pores; anterior segment with pore i1, in transverse line through anterior nostril, and pore i3, in transverse line just anterior to posterior nostril; posterior segment with pore i10, adjacent to ventral margin of orbit, and pore i11, posterior to orbit. Postorbital canal with 2 pores: po1, in vertical line above posterior portion of interopercular patch of odontodes, and po2, in vertical line above posterior portion of opercular patch of odontodes. Lateral line of body short, with 2 pores, posterior-most pore in vertical just posterior to pectoral-fin base.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDCFFC99CF4FB71AB67E626" blockId="9.[160,1157,142,1726]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2914">
|
||
Mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDCFFC99E82FB71AB66E4CB" box="[694,794,1217,1241]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2914">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior margin of mesethmoid slightly concave, mesethmoid cornu robust, subcylindrical, tip rounded. Antorbital and sesamoid supraorbital narrow, rod-like, sesamoid supraorbital long, its length about 2.5 times antorbital length. Premaxilla sub-retangular in dorsal view, without processes. Maxilla boomerang-shaped, slender, about equal to premaxilla in length, slightly curved, with prominent posterior process. Autopalatine subrectangular in dorsal view when excluding posterolateral process, narrow, its shortest width about two-fifths autopalatine length without posterolateral process, lateral and medial margins slightly concave; no concavity on posterior margin of autopalatine between posteromedial corner and posterior articulatory process; latero-posterior process of autopalatine triangular, long, its length about three-fifths autopalatine length. Posterior articulatory process well developed, shell-shaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDCFFCA9CF4F98EAB10E1CC" blockId="9.[160,1157,142,1726]" lastBlockId="10.[160,1156,142,1206]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="2915" pageId="9" pageNumber="2914">
|
||
Suspensorium and opercular apparatus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDCFFC99E4FF98EAA9FE644" box="[635,739,1598,1622]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2914">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metapterygoid subtriangular, longer than deep, anterior face curved, posterior and ventral face nearly straight, posterior margin separated from anterior hyomandibula flap by small interspace. Quadrate robust, dorsoposterior flap continuous to hyomandibular flap. Hyomandibula broad, with well-developed flap; middle portion of dorsal margin of hyomandibular flap with sharp concavity; posterodorsal process of hyomandibula moderate, pointed. Opercle robust, its smallest depth about half opercle length; dorsal process of opercle short and blunt, about one-third opercle length; ventral process of opercle short, slightly shorter than half opercle length; odontode patch relatively deep, its depth about three-quarters opercle length, with about 25 odontodes; odontodes pointed, arranged in irregular transverse rows. Interopercle long, slightly shorter than hyomandibula; dorsal interopercular process with deep anterior concavity; interopercular odontode patch long, its length about 2.5 times depth of opercular odontodes patch, with about 65–70 odontodes; odontodes pointed, arranged in irregular longitudinal rows. Preopercle compact, with pronounced ventral flap.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDFFFCA9CF4FE59A89FE41B" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,1206]" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">
|
||
Branchial arches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDFFFCA9DA6FE59AA7CE213" box="[402,512,489,513]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1039,1062]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,142,1006]" captionTargetId="figure-143@7.[163,1153,142,1007]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Osteological features of Trichomycterus nigricans (a–c), T. immaculatus (d–f), and T. santaeritae (g–i): A, D, G, mesethmoidal region and adjacent structures, middle and left portion, dorsal view; B, E, H, left suspensorium and opercular apparatus, lateral view; C, F, I, middle and left portion of brachial arches, ventral view of dorsal elements on left, dorsal view of ventral elements on right. Larger stippling represents cartilage. Abbreviations: aip, anterior interopercular projection; b2–3, basibranchials 2–3; bc4, cartilaginous basibranchial 4; c1–5, ceratobranchials 1–5; e1–4, epibranchials 1–4; ec5, epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4); h1–3, hypobranchials 1– 3; hdb, hypobranchial anterior branching; pmp, posterior maxillary process; p3, pharyngobranchial 3; pt4, pharyngobranchial 4 tooth-plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831399/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">Figure 2c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Basibranchial 2 and 3 subcylindrical, basibranchial 2 slightly longer and wider, basibranchial 3 slightly constricted in its medial portion; basibranchial 4 cartilage pentagonal, longer than wide. Hypobranchial 1 subcylindrical; hypobranchial 2 and 3 subtriangular, anterior extremity of hypobranchial 3 branched. Ceratobranchial 1 broad in its proximal tip, narrowing to its distal tip; ceratobranchials 2 and 3 widened in their middle portion, with shallow concavity on posterior margin of basal portion; ceratobranchial 4 sub-rectangular; ceratobranchial 5 sub-rectangular, slightly curved, postero-proximal portion bearing patch of small, slightly curved, conical teeth. Epibranchial 1 slender, with well-developed sharp anterior uncinate process and minute posterior process; epibranchial 2 slender, with rudimentary anterior uncinate process; epibranchial 3 slender, with well-developed, curved posterior uncinate process; epibranchial 4 broad, sub-retangular, proximal portion broader than distal portion; epibranchial 5 cartilage (= accessory element of ceratobranchial 4) minute. Pharyngobranchial 3 short, subcylindrical; pharyngobranchial 4 long, bearing broad dentigerous tooth-plate with curved conical teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDFFFCA9CF4FBA4A977E4A4" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,1206]" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">
|
||
Colouration in life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDFFFCA9DA8FBA4AA7BE43E" box="[412,519,1044,1068]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,875,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-153@6.[163,1153,873,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Live specimens, left lateral view, of: a, Trichomycterus nigricans, UFRJ 10,996, 69.7 mm SL; b, Trichomycterus immaculatus, UFRJ 12,050, 62.9 mm SL; c, Trichomycterus santaeritae, UFRJ 12,592, 56.8 mm SL. All were photographed a few hours after collection." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831397" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831397/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">Figure 1a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Just after collection, whole body black, except ventral portion of head and trunk grey, distal extremity of fins hyaline, and maxillary and rictal barbels pale brown; after collection, black colouration becoming yellowish dark brown. Iris dark brown, with narrow pale yellow line around pupil. No colouration polymorphism recorded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDFFFCA9C94FB43AC60E543" blockId="10.[160,1156,1267,1361]" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDFFFCA9C94FB43A9C9E51E" bold="true" box="[160,437,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">Colouration in alcohol.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal and lateral surface of head and trunk homogeneously dark brown. Venter pale yellowish grey. Nasal barbels pale brown, with dark brown edges. Maxillary and rictal barbels pale grey. Fins dark brown with greyish extremities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BE5EBF5FFDFFFCA9C94FA3DA922E68B" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDFFFCA9C94FA3DAA74E5B4" blockId="10.[160,1156,1421,1689]" box="[160,520,1421,1446]" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDFFFCA9C94FA3DAA74E5B4" bold="true" box="[160,520,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">Distribution and habitat notes</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0340B87EFFDFFFCA9C94FA01A922E68B" blockId="10.[160,1156,1421,1689]" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">
|
||
Historical data and recent collections indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDFFFCA9EE3FA01AB2EE5DB" box="[727,850,1457,1481]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDFFFCA9EE3FA01AB2EE5DB" box="[727,850,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">T. nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from coastal river basins near the city of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C13B769CFFDFFFCA9DFAFA64AA10E5FE" box="[462,620,1492,1516]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Specimens recently collected were found in the Rio Macacu basin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9BC4A4FBFFDFFFCA9D46FA46A9B2E61C" box="[370,462,1526,1550]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1675,1698]" captionTargetBox="[164,1150,1080,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-288@11.[162,1153,1078,1643]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 3. Geographical distribution of the Trichomycterus nigricans species group: diamonds, T. santaeritae; square, T. caipora; stars, T. immaculatus; triangles, T. nigricans." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10831401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10831401/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), but not in other nearby basins. According to field studies,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4FFC3FDFFDFFFCA9845FA46A97EE623" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="318B646CFFDFFFCA9845FA46A97EE623" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915">T. nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in clearwater streams with intense water flow, at altitudes between about 40 and
|
||
<quantity id="C407159BFFDFFFCA9D0BF98CA9FAE646" box="[319,390,1596,1620]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="10" pageNumber="2915" unit="m" value="165.0">165 m</quantity>
|
||
asl. All collections were made during daylight, and specimens were always collected hidden under large rocks, in the middle of the streams, suggesting nocturnal habits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |