treatments-xml/data/36/31/87/363187A3FFF66F38A1FBA4924DE5B4BA.xml
2024-06-21 12:33:25 +02:00

971 lines
105 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="2280A2787B63531EC7B0A822A5745B37" ID-CLB-Dataset="40068" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3975.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f6b9d620-532d-41b6-ba53-47440a18831c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="192364" ID-ZooBank="711879C2-8A69-4F47-B637-2FA1852C23B8" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" IM.metadata_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1461222857359" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Adler, Peter H. &amp; Crosskey, Roger W." docDate="2015" docId="363187A3FFF66F38A1FBA4924DE5B4BA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03975p139.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3975 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07E02900AE43AC961442B06FF8793C31:zootaxa.2013.monograph" docStyleId="07E02900AE43AC961442B06FF8793C31" docStyleName="zootaxa.2013.monograph" docTitle="Prosimulium magnum Dyar &amp; Shannon 1927" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="CA08FFDBFFE26F2EA16CA6264E6FB575" masterDocTitle="Cytotaxonomy of the Simuliidae (Diptera): a systematic and bibliographic conspectus" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1694970019243" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="4E40ECECEDC7925150592006B1B6CD11" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="C6B915BDFDC585FD367C8540D315FFB2">
<mods:title id="481FB7608CF086BF55810B49C2571836">Cytotaxonomy of the Simuliidae (Diptera): a systematic and bibliographic conspectus</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C90F6822D0C1B7E8A1BED9ED602C141F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7FC37163B948D43A14005BD3CD08EE8B">
<mods:roleTerm id="198B2DCDAE0F68157C1CC3A4D79EE8F6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="71B67201980F0A1AF7DEA8CFF6034F37">Adler, Peter H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D735987B5BF47A9471BCE666ADD29993" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BAB9669D5C23912CB924178EC7D88326">
<mods:roleTerm id="71160628562587B67C652672EC2585F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9014BB8CF3828019AA6963CB4B943162">Crosskey, Roger W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4E1ED6D7B2261AAD88CC8653CC10FAEF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="37509A3D5CD1917E1914C2C7C5367C62" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="7CF27664283C145F3DFEE646BB1F8DD6">
<mods:title id="1E5509FFADEA10B67038FE35AD614D48">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2C9AC76D69D5A76AB7EFA1F080A7F096">
<mods:date id="74EA004E1468D25F0F1363F8C158321A">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EF125C532E7BA262462F49657E404343" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="689A6DBD593E8D87043967BC423373E7">2015-06-25</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="06C32B49A04BFD3B7FC2F28C4404281E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="64009476B04C2A9D1E5A135BBC6949EB">3975</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3FDEAA7C10EBDEED3D1CDFCFF1921F0A" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F26F3544DCFCDD0703B1A31CF08F4E99">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="169C814B200E904D494179221CD2ED7A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="2908603AF4E21C75411AEAC4B6609BA5">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="2B5D3B96BC6D1114DB0BD45F378317CB">139</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="B62AF5E9495DD2E481C06078F30E31FA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="45B3AC21A853441D278D49F3AC88B120" type="CLB-Dataset">40068</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F852262E41415458607FEA7BFBCD92AC" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3975.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="674EEB056AA5E7DA9EA5D2E32DF906A1" type="GBIF-Dataset">f6b9d620-532d-41b6-ba53-47440a18831c</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BD4F79902B84F54583DECCB4FDADADD5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AFC51D3FD56ECFF9A2A72D21ECFEEB3B" type="Zenodo-Dep">192364</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8AED323453E754B4F5B1531743AD8C6B" type="ZooBank">711879C2-8A69-4F47-B637-2FA1852C23B8</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="363187A3FFF66F38A1FBA4924DE5B4BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6093577" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119632502" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6093577" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:363187A3FFF66F38A1FBA4924DE5B4BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/363187A3FFF66F38A1FBA4924DE5B4BA" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection id="F682653EFFF66F3AA1FBA4924FB8B7BB" box="[151,471,692,718]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1FBA4924FB8B7BB" blockId="20.[151,471,692,718]" box="[151,471,692,718]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="E56F81D9FFF66F3AA1FBA4924FB8B7BB" bold="true" box="[151,471,692,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA1FBA4924FB8B7BB" bold="true" box="[151,471,692,718]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA1FBA4924F4AB7BB" ID-CoL="8DHBM" ID-ENA="13647" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,293,692,718]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">MAGNUM</taxonomicName>
species-group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F682653EFFF66F38A1FBA4DC4DE5B4BA" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1FBA4DC4C72B666" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" box="[151,541,762,787]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA1FBA4DC4C72B666" authority="Rothfels" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" box="[151,541,762,787]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA1FBA4DC4FD8B666" bold="true" box="[151,439,762,787]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium albionense</emphasis>
Rothfels
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA5384CBAB62E" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA5384F1CB642" author="Rothfels Rothfels" box="[199,371,798,823]" firstAuthor="Rothfels Rothfels" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="113 - 122" refId="ref116134" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1956) Black flies: siblings, sex, and species grouping. Journal of Heredity, 47, 113 - 122." type="journal article" year="1956">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA05BA5384F1CB642" box="[311,371,798,823]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1956.0">1956</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, drawing of
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA368A5394C5DB642" box="[516,562,799,823]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IIIS</collectionCode>
, original description of species [as per
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA298A5384B58B642" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[1012,1335,798,823]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA590A5394B58B642" box="[1276,1335,799,823]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, p.
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA40EA5394BFEB642" box="[1378,1425,799,823]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="278.0">278</number>
], photo of partial chromosome II): [
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA319A5644CA0B62E" box="[629,719,834,859]" name="Canada" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Canada</collectingCountry>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA5414D20B6BF" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA5414F1EB60A" author="Ottonen" box="[199,369,870,895]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref109433" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1964) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium (Diptera) Simuliidae). Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 87 pp. + 9 plates." type="book" year="1964">
Ottonen (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA059A5404F1EB60A" box="[309,369,870,895]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1964.1966">1964</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA0EDA5404FD4B60A" author="Ottonen" box="[385,443,870,895]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="677 - 701" refId="ref109480" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1966) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium Roub. (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 677 - 701. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 66 - 066" type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
, characterization; cytodendrogram; drawing of
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA28BA5414A79B60A" box="[999,1046,871,895]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">CIII</collectionCode>
region; idiogram; photos of
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA401A5414BF4B60A" box="[1389,1435,871,895]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">CIII</collectionCode>
region,
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA022A5AD4F13B6D6" box="[334,380,907,931]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IIIS</collectionCode>
, and
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA0DBA5AD4F88B6D7" box="[439,487,907,930]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IIIL</collectionCode>
; resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA38EA5AC4D1DB6D6" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[738,882,906,931]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA38EA5AC4D1DB6D6" box="[738,882,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard; as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA568A5AA4A10B6D6" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1028,1151,908,931]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA568A5AA4A10B6D6" box="[1028,1151,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[X0X c, X0
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA59DA5AD4B6AB6D7" box="[1265,1285,907,930]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Y</collectingCountry>
c, X c X c, X c
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA415A5AD4BE2B6D7" box="[1401,1421,907,930]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Y</collectingCountry>
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA4E1A5BF4BFAB6D2" box="[1421,1429,921,935]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1.0">1</number>
, X c
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA078A5944F47B6BC" box="[276,296,946,969]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Y</collectingCountry>
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA044A5E64F5FB6BB" box="[296,304,960,974]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="3.0">3</number>
, X c
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA035A5944F02B6BC" box="[345,365,946,969]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Y</collectingCountry>
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA001A5E64F1AB6BB" box="[365,373,960,974]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="5.0">5</number>
, and Epd segregates only]):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA3D9A5974D63B6BF" box="[693,780,945,970]" name="Canada" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Canada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA27BA5944D20B6BF" box="[791,847,946,970]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA5FE4CBAB128" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA5FE4C41B128" author="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="943 - 949" refId="ref109537" refString="Ottonen, P. O. &amp; Nambiar, R. (1969) The salivary gland chromosomes of Prosimulium multidentatum Twinn and three forms included in Prosimulium magnum (Dyar &amp; Shannon) (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 943 - 949. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 69 - 154" type="journal article" year="1969" yearSuffix="c">
Ottonen &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA0D0A5FE4F97B684" box="[444,504,984,1009]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1969.0">1969</number>
, characterization, cytodendrogram, hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA549A5FF4ACCB685" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1061,1187,985,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA549A5FF4ACCB685" box="[1061,1187,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA5B9A5FF4B3CB685" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1237,1363,985,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA5B9A5FF4B3CB685" box="[1237,1363,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA195A5DB4F67B160" box="[249,264,1021,1045]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1.0">1</number>
] and
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA03CA5DB4C62B160" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[336,525,1020,1045]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA03CA5DB4C62B160" box="[336,525,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, photos of
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA3E6A5DB4CDAB160" box="[650,693,1021,1045]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IIIS</collectionCode>
and hybrid complement with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA56AA5DB4AACB160" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[1030,1219,1020,1045]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA56AA5DB4AACB160" box="[1030,1219,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA07BA2064FC9B14C" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[279,422,1056,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA07BA2064FC9B14C" box="[279,422,1056,1081]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIS,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA2F7A2074DD9B14D" box="[923,950,1057,1080]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IL</collectingCountry>
+ IIL]; as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA55EA2074AA7B14C" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" box="[1074,1224,1056,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA55EA2074AA7B14C" box="[1074,1224,1056,1081]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. albionense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA5BBA2074B3AB14D" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1239,1365,1057,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA5BBA2074B3AB14D" box="[1239,1365,1057,1080]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA195A2634F65B128" box="[249,266,1093,1117]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="3.0">3</number>
and intermediate
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA08FA2634F98B129" box="[483,503,1093,1116]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Y</collectingCountry>
c X0)
</bibRefCitation>
:
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA357A2624CFDB128" box="[571,658,1092,1117]" name="Canada" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Canada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA3F1A2634CBAB128" box="[669,725,1093,1117]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA24D4A4FB1F1" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" box="[199,1056,1131,1156]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA24D4D37B1F6" author="Rothfels" box="[199,856,1131,1156]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="207 - 224" refId="ref116250" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1980) Chromosomal variability and speciation in blackflies. In: Blackman, R. L., Hewitt, G. M. &amp; Ashburner, M. (Eds.), Insect Cytogenetics. Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, United Kingdom. 10, pp. 207 - 224." type="journal article" year="1980">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA059A24D4F1EB1F6" box="[309,369,1131,1155]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1980.0">1980</number>
, idiogram of hybrid with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA3E3A24A4D22B1F1" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[655,845,1131,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA3E3A24A4D22B1F1" box="[655,845,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</bibRefCitation>
: [North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA2DAA24D4A75B1F1" box="[950,1050,1131,1156]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">America</collectingCountry>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA2A84A02B187" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Rothfels &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA0BEA2A94C62B1D2" box="[466,525,1167,1191]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1981.0">1981</number>
, characterization, backcross hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA565A2B64AA1B1D2" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[1033,1230,1166,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA565A2B64AA1B1D2" box="[1033,1230,1166,1191]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA4EBA2B64F35B1BE" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA4EBA2B64F35B1BE" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA0E6A2924C69B1BE" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[394,518,1204,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA0E6A2924C69B1BE" box="[394,518,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA33AA2954C0AB1BE" box="[598,613,1203,1227]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1.0">1</number>
] and
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA3C3A2924D01B1B9" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[687,878,1203,1228]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA3C3A2924D01B1B9" box="[687,878,1203,1228]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, idiograms of male and backcross and F
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA454A2E44B2FB1A5" box="[1336,1344,1218,1232]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1.0">1</number>
hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA05EA2FD4F80B187" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[306,495,1241,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA05EA2FD4F80B187" box="[306,495,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, photo of backcross hybrid with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA20CA2FD4A72B187" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[864,1053,1241,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA20CA2FD4A72B187" box="[864,1053,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA559A2FC4A02B187" box="[1077,1133,1242,1266]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA2DB4F98B04F" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA2DB4C7DB063" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,530,1277,1302]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA0BAA2D84C7DB063" box="[470,530,1278,1302]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, chromosomal characters in larval key, possible sibling species, Y-chromosome polymorphisms):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA0D3A3044F98B04F" box="[447,503,1314,1338]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1FBA3634CCBB02B" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" box="[151,676,1349,1374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA1FBA3634CCBB02B" authority="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" authorityName="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,676,1349,1374]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canutum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA1FBA3634FCDB02B" bold="true" box="[151,418,1349,1374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium canutum</emphasis>
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA34C4DD9B0BF" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA34C4D1DB0BF" author="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="943 - 949" refId="ref109537" refString="Ottonen, P. O. &amp; Nambiar, R. (1969) The salivary gland chromosomes of Prosimulium multidentatum Twinn and three forms included in Prosimulium magnum (Dyar &amp; Shannon) (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 943 - 949. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 69 - 154" type="journal article" year="1969">
Ottonen &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA0D0A34F4F97B0F7" box="[444,504,1385,1410]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1969.0">1969</number>
, characterization, cytodendrogram, hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA549A34D4ACCB0F7" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1061,1187,1387,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA549A34D4ACCB0F7" box="[1061,1187,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA5B9A34D4B3CB0F7" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1237,1363,1387,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA5B9A34D4B3CB0F7" box="[1237,1363,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA195A3A84F67B0D3" box="[249,264,1422,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1.0">1</number>
] and
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA009A3A94C42B0D3" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[357,557,1421,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA009A3A94C42B0D3" box="[357,557,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, photo of IIS, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA566A3AB4AF6B0D3" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[1034,1177,1421,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA566A3AB4AF6B0D3" box="[1034,1177,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIS,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA09FA3944C61B0BC" box="[499,526,1458,1481]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IL</collectingCountry>
+ IIL]; as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA3E9A3954D6FB0BF" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[645,768,1459,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA3E9A3954D6FB0BF" box="[645,768,1459,1482]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA223A3944D0DB0BF" box="[847,866,1458,1482]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2.0">2</number>
)
</bibRefCitation>
:
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA212A3944DD9B0BF" box="[894,950,1458,1482]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA3F34AABB367" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Rothfels &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA0BEA3F04C62B09B" box="[466,525,1494,1518]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1981.0">1981</number>
, characterization, backcross hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA565A3F14AA1B09B" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[1033,1230,1493,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA565A3F14AA1B09B" box="[1033,1230,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA4EBA3F14F35B367" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA4EBA3F14F35B367" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA0E4A3DD4C6BB367" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[392,516,1531,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA0E4A3DD4C6BB367" box="[392,516,1531,1554]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA33DA3DC4C0FB367" box="[593,608,1530,1554]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1.0">1</number>
] and
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA3C5A3DD4D09B367" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[681,870,1529,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA3C5A3DD4D09B367" box="[681,870,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA2FFA3DD4A61B367" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[915,1038,1531,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA2FFA3DD4A61B367" box="[915,1038,1531,1554]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA530A3DC4A00B367" box="[1116,1135,1530,1554]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2.0">2</number>
):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA5E0A3DC4AABB367" box="[1164,1220,1530,1554]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA03B4A49B32F" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA03B4C79B343" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,534,1565,1590]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA0B6A0384C79B343" box="[474,534,1566,1590]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, chromosomal characters in larval key, formal name for
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA5C8A0384F5EB32F" author="Ottonen &amp; Nambiar's" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="943 - 949" refId="ref109537" refString="Ottonen, P. O. &amp; Nambiar, R. (1969) The salivary gland chromosomes of Prosimulium multidentatum Twinn and three forms included in Prosimulium magnum (Dyar &amp; Shannon) (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 943 - 949. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 69 - 154" type="journal article" year="1969">
Ottonen &amp; Nambiars
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA195A0674F5EB32F" box="[249,305,1601,1626]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1969.0">1969</number>
</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA054A0654FDBB32F" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[312,436,1603,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA054A0654FDBB32F" box="[312,436,1603,1626]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA36DA0644C7BB32F" box="[513,532,1602,1626]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2.0">2</number>
, notes on revised inversion breakpoints):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA282A0644A49B32F" box="[1006,1062,1602,1626]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1FBA0434C7DB30B" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" box="[151,530,1637,1662]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA1FBA0434C7DB30B" authority="Shewell" authorityName="Shewell" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,530,1637,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA1FBA0434FDFB30B" bold="true" box="[151,432,1637,1662]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium caudatum</emphasis>
Shewell
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA0AC4DE0B3B3" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA0AC4F03B3D7" author="Ottonen" box="[199,364,1673,1698]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref109433" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1964) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium (Diptera) Simuliidae). Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 87 pp. + 9 plates." type="book" year="1964">
Ottonen (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA05CA0AF4F03B3D7" box="[304,364,1673,1698]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1964.1966">1964</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA01AA0AF4FDEB3D7" author="Ottonen" box="[374,433,1673,1698]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="677 - 701" refId="ref109480" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1966) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium Roub. (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 677 - 701. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 66 - 066" type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
, characterization; cytodendrogram; idiogram; photos of CI region, IIS, IIL,
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA593A0AC4B42B3D7" box="[1279,1325,1674,1698]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IIIS</collectionCode>
, and
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA40BA0AC4BF8B3D4" box="[1383,1431,1674,1697]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IIIL</collectionCode>
; resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA08BA08B4C18B3B3" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[487,631,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA08BA08B4C18B3B3" box="[487,631,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA399A08B4D23B3B3" box="[757,844,1709,1734]" name="Canada" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Canada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA23BA0884DE0B3B3" box="[855,911,1710,1734]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA0F74D27B39F" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" box="[199,840,1745,1770]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA0F74F1EB39F" author="Rothfels" box="[199,369,1745,1770]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="507 - 539" refId="ref116206" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1979) Cytotaxonomy of black flies (Simuliidae). Annual Review of Entomology, 24, 507 - 539. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. en. 24.010179.002451" type="journal article" year="1979">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA059A0F44F1EB39F" box="[309,369,1746,1770]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1979.1981">1979</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA010A0F74FABB39F" author="Rothfels" box="[380,452,1745,1770]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="67 - 83" refId="ref116381" refString="Rothfels, K. [H.] (1981 b) Cytological approaches to the study of blackfly systematics and evolution. In: Stock, M. W. (Ed.), Proceedings: Symposium Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Atlanta, December 1 - 2, 1980. Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA, pp. 67 - 83." type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="b">1981b</bibRefCitation>
, cytodendrogram): North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA384A0F74D27B39F" box="[744,840,1745,1770]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">America</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1FBA0D34C0DB27B" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" box="[151,610,1781,1806]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA1FBA0D34C0DB27B" authority="Peterson" authorityName="Peterson" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,610,1781,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constrictistylum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA1FBA0D34F96B27B" bold="true" box="[151,505,1781,1806]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium constrictistylum</emphasis>
Peterson
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA13C4CA5B223" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA13C4F1AB247" author="Ottonen" box="[199,373,1817,1842]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref109433" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1964) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium (Diptera) Simuliidae). Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 87 pp. + 9 plates." type="book" year="1964">
Ottonen (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA055A13F4F1AB247" box="[313,373,1817,1842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1964.1966">1964</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA0E5A13F4FABB247" author="Ottonen" box="[393,452,1817,1842]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="677 - 701" refId="ref109480" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1966) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium Roub. (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 677 - 701. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 66 - 066" type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, photo of
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF66F3AA50DA13C4AE0B247" box="[1121,1167,1818,1842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IIIS</collectionCode>
, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA195A11B4FE6B223" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[249,393,1853,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA195A11B4FE6B223" box="[249,393,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard; as
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA377A1194C41B223" box="[539,558,1855,1878]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P.</emphasis>
X):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA31AA11B4CA5B223" box="[630,714,1853,1878]" name="Canada" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Canada</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA1474D69B20F" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" box="[199,774,1889,1914]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA1474F1EB20F" author="Rothfels" box="[199,369,1889,1914]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="507 - 539" refId="ref116206" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1979) Cytotaxonomy of black flies (Simuliidae). Annual Review of Entomology, 24, 507 - 539. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. en. 24.010179.002451" type="journal article" year="1979">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA059A1444F1EB20F" box="[309,369,1890,1914]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1979.1981">1979</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA010A1474FABB20F" author="Rothfels" box="[380,452,1889,1914]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="67 - 83" refId="ref116381" refString="Rothfels, K. [H.] (1981 b) Cytological approaches to the study of blackfly systematics and evolution. In: Stock, M. W. (Ed.), Proceedings: Symposium Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Atlanta, December 1 - 2, 1980. Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA, pp. 67 - 83." type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="b">1981b</bibRefCitation>
, cytodendrogram): [
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA3CAA1474D6FB20F" box="[678,768,1889,1914]" name="Canada" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Canada</collectingCountry>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1FBA1A34C02B2EB" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" box="[151,621,1925,1951]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA1FBA1A34C02B2EB" authority="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,621,1925,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicentum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA1FBA1A34FC6B2EB" bold="true" box="[151,425,1925,1950]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium dicentum</emphasis>
Dyar &amp; Shannon
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF66F3AA1ABA18F4D0EB293" blockId="20.[151,1436,762,2022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF66F3AA1ABA18F4C62B2B7" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,525,1961,1986]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF66F3AA0BDA18C4C62B2B7" box="[465,525,1962,1986]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, characterization by comparison with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA2D4A18D4A7AB2B7" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[952,1045,1961,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA2D4A18D4A7AB2B7" box="[952,1045,1961,1986]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. dicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, chromosomal characters in larval key, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF66F3AA370A1EB4CC3B293" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[540,684,1997,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF66F3AA370A1EB4CC3B293" box="[540,684,1997,2022]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF66F3AA245A1E84D0EB293" box="[809,865,1998,2022]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1FBA6B14C27B5C5" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[151,584,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA1FBA6B14C27B5C5" authority="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,584,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA1FBA6B14FECB5C5" bold="true" box="[151,387,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium dicum</emphasis>
Dyar &amp; Shannon
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA69A4B76B58D" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA69A4F02B5A0" author="Ottonen" box="[199,365,188,213]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref109433" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1964) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium (Diptera) Simuliidae). Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 87 pp. + 9 plates." type="book" year="1964">
Ottonen (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA05DA69A4F02B5A0" box="[305,365,188,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1964.1966">1964</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA015A69A4FDBB5A0" author="Ottonen" box="[377,436,188,213]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="677 - 701" refId="ref109480" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1966) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium Roub. (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 677 - 701. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 66 - 066" type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
, characterization; cytodendrogram; idiogram; photos of CI region, IS and IIL; resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA01CA6F94F90B58D" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[368,511,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA01CA6F94F90B58D" box="[368,511,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard; as
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA3FFA6C74C80B58D" box="[659,751,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. di c um</emphasis>
[X0
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA273A6C64D5CB582" box="[799,819,224,247]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Y</collectingCountry>
0 and X0
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA2E1A6C64DCEB582" box="[909,929,224,247]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Y</collectingCountry>
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA2CEA6C84DC5B589" box="[930,938,238,252]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
segregates only]):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA513A6F94AB9B58D" box="[1151,1238,223,248]" name="Canada" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Canada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA58DA6C64B76B58D" box="[1249,1305,224,248]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA7204D27B46A" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,840,262,287]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA7204F1EB46A" author="Rothfels" box="[199,369,262,287]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="507 - 539" refId="ref116206" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1979) Cytotaxonomy of black flies (Simuliidae). Annual Review of Entomology, 24, 507 - 539. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. en. 24.010179.002451" type="journal article" year="1979">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A7214F1EB46A" box="[309,369,263,287]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1979.1981">1979</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA010A7204FABB46A" author="Rothfels" box="[380,452,262,287]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="67 - 83" refId="ref116381" refString="Rothfels, K. [H.] (1981 b) Cytological approaches to the study of blackfly systematics and evolution. In: Stock, M. W. (Ed.), Proceedings: Symposium Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Atlanta, December 1 - 2, 1980. Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA, pp. 67 - 83." type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="b">1981b</bibRefCitation>
, cytodendrogram): North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA384A7204D27B46A" box="[744,840,262,287]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA70C4A13B436" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,1148,298,323]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA70C4C63B436" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,524,298,323]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0BCA70D4C63B436" box="[464,524,299,323]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, chromosomal characters in larval key): North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA570A70C4A13B436" box="[1052,1148,298,323]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1FBA7684C3AB412" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[151,597,334,360]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA1FBA7684C3AB412" authority="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,597,334,360]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigens">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA1FBA7684FFFB412" bold="true" box="[151,400,334,359]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium exigens</emphasis>
Dyar &amp; Shannon
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA7554B76B4DA" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA7554F1EB4FE" author="Ottonen" box="[199,369,370,395]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref109433" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1964) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium (Diptera) Simuliidae). Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 87 pp. + 9 plates." type="book" year="1964">
Ottonen (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A7544F1EB4FE" box="[309,369,370,395]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1964.1966">1964</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA0EEA7544FD2B4FE" author="Ottonen" box="[386,445,370,395]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="677 - 701" refId="ref109480" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1966) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium Roub. (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 677 - 701. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 66 - 066" type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, photos of CI region and IS, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA01CA7B04F90B4DA" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[368,511,406,431]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA01CA7B04F90B4DA" box="[368,511,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard; as
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA3FFA7BE4C80B4DA" box="[659,751,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. di c um</emphasis>
[X0
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA273A7BE4D5CB4DA" box="[799,819,408,431]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Y</collectingCountry>
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA258A7834D53B4C6" box="[820,828,421,435]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
and X0
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA2E1A7BE4DCEB4DA" box="[909,929,408,431]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Y</collectingCountry>
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA2CEA7834DC5B4C6" box="[930,938,421,435]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
segregates only]):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA513A7B04AB9B4DA" box="[1151,1238,406,431]" name="Canada" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Canada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA58DA7B14B76B4DA" box="[1249,1305,407,431]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA79B4D27B4A3" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,840,445,470]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA79B4F1EB4A3" author="Rothfels" box="[199,369,445,470]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="507 - 539" refId="ref116206" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1979) Cytotaxonomy of black flies (Simuliidae). Annual Review of Entomology, 24, 507 - 539. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. en. 24.010179.002451" type="journal article" year="1979">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A7984F1EB4A3" box="[309,369,446,470]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1979.1981">1979</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA010A79B4FABB4A3" author="Rothfels" box="[380,452,445,470]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="67 - 83" refId="ref116381" refString="Rothfels, K. [H.] (1981 b) Cytological approaches to the study of blackfly systematics and evolution. In: Stock, M. W. (Ed.), Proceedings: Symposium Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Atlanta, December 1 - 2, 1980. Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA, pp. 67 - 83." type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="b">1981b</bibRefCitation>
, cytodendrogram): North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA384A79B4D27B4A3" box="[744,840,445,470]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA7C74F98B76B" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA7C74C7FB48F" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,528,481,506]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0B8A7C44C7FB48F" box="[468,528,482,506]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, chromosomal characters in larval key, probable sibling species, Y-chromosome polymorphisms):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA0D3A4204F98B76B" box="[447,503,518,542]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1FBA40F4CA3B737" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[151,716,553,578]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA1FBA40F4FB4B737" bold="true" box="[151,475,553,578]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA1FBA40F4F5DB737" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[151,306,553,578]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prosimulium</taxonomicName>
flaviantennus
</emphasis>
(Stains &amp; Knowlton)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA46B4C51B7FF" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA46B4C79B713" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,534,589,614]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0B6A4684C79B713" box="[474,534,590,614]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, characterization by comparison with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA2A1A4684AF0B713" authorityName="Peterson" authorityYear="1970" box="[973,1183,589,614]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constrictistylum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA2A1A4684AF0B713" box="[973,1183,589,614]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. constrictistylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA195A4574FE6B7FF" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[249,393,625,650]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA195A4574FE6B7FF" box="[249,393,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA36AA4544C51B7FF" box="[518,574,626,650]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1FBA4B34C64B7D8" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[151,523,661,686]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA1FBA4B34C64B7D8" authority="Peterson" authorityName="Peterson" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,523,661,686]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impostor">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA1FBA4B34FCBB7DB" bold="true" box="[151,420,661,686]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium impostor</emphasis>
Peterson
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA49C4D2DB783" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA49C4F01B7A7" author="Ottonen" box="[199,366,697,722]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref109433" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1964) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium (Diptera) Simuliidae). Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 87 pp. + 9 plates." type="book" year="1964">
Ottonen (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA05EA49F4F01B7A7" box="[306,366,697,722]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1964.1966">1964</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA017A49F4FD9B7A7" author="Ottonen" box="[379,438,697,722]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="677 - 701" refId="ref109480" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1966) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium Roub. (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 677 - 701. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 66 - 066" type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, photo of polytene complement, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA01CA4FB4F90B783" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[368,511,733,758]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA01CA4FB4F90B783" box="[368,511,733,758]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard; as
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA3FFA4F84CCEB780" box="[659,673,734,757]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P</emphasis>
. Y):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA382A4FB4D2DB783" box="[750,834,733,758]" name="Canada" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Canada</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA5274D69B66F" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,774,769,794]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA5274F1EB66F" author="Rothfels" box="[199,369,769,794]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="507 - 539" refId="ref116206" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1979) Cytotaxonomy of black flies (Simuliidae). Annual Review of Entomology, 24, 507 - 539. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. en. 24.010179.002451" type="journal article" year="1979">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A5244F1EB66F" box="[309,369,770,794]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1979.1981">1979</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA010A5274FABB66F" author="Rothfels" box="[380,452,769,794]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="67 - 83" refId="ref116381" refString="Rothfels, K. [H.] (1981 b) Cytological approaches to the study of blackfly systematics and evolution. In: Stock, M. W. (Ed.), Proceedings: Symposium Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Atlanta, December 1 - 2, 1980. Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA, pp. 67 - 83." type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="b">1981b</bibRefCitation>
, cytodendrogram): [
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA3CAA5274D6FB66F" box="[678,768,769,794]" name="Canada" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Canada</collectingCountry>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA5034A92B64B" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,1277,805,830]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA5034C63B64B" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,524,805,830]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0BCA5004C63B64B" box="[464,524,806,830]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, notes on chromocenter and Y-chromosome polymorphisms):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA5A9A5004A92B64B" box="[1221,1277,806,830]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1FBA56F4CB8B617" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[151,727,841,866]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA1FBA56F4CB8B617" authority="Currie, Adler &amp; Wood" authorityName="Currie, Adler &amp; Wood" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,727,841,866]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostrum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA1FBA56F4FBAB617" bold="true" box="[151,469,841,866]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium longirostrum</emphasis>
Currie, Adler &amp; Wood
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA54B4C51B6DF" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA54B4C59B6F3" author="Adler &amp; Wood Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,566,877,902]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA096A5484C59B6F3" box="[506,566,878,902]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, characterization, original description of species, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA195A5B74FE6B6DF" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[249,393,913,938]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA195A5B74FE6B6DF" box="[249,393,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA36AA5B44C51B6DF" box="[518,574,914,938]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1FBA5934C08B6BB" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[151,615,949,974]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA1FBA5934C08B6BB" authority="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,615,949,974]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA1FBA5934FCDB6BB" bold="true" box="[151,418,949,974]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium magnum</emphasis>
Dyar &amp; Shannon
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA5FC4D93B14F" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA5FC4F02B687" author="Ottonen" box="[199,365,985,1010]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref109433" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1964) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium (Diptera) Simuliidae). Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 87 pp. + 9 plates." type="book" year="1964">
Ottonen (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA05DA5FF4F02B687" box="[305,365,985,1010]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1964.1966">1964</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA014A5FF4FDCB687" author="Ottonen" box="[376,435,985,1010]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="677 - 701" refId="ref109480" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1966) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium Roub. (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 677 - 701. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 66 - 066" type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
, characterization; cytodendrogram; drawing of
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF76F3BA2A5A5FC4D98B687" box="[969,1015,986,1010]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CIII</collectionCode>
region; idiogram; photos of all arms,
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF76F3BA195A5D84F47B163" box="[249,296,1022,1046]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CIII</collectionCode>
region, and ectopic pairing; resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA23AA5DB4D89B163" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[854,998,1021,1046]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA23AA5DB4D89B163" box="[854,998,1021,1046]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard; whole-arm interchange [IS + IIS,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA045A2044F2BB14C" box="[297,324,1058,1081]" name="Iceland" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IL</collectingCountry>
+ IIL]; as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA0D7A2044C58B14C" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[443,567,1058,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA0D7A2044C58B14C" box="[443,567,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[X0X0 and X0
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA3BEA2044C89B14C" box="[722,742,1058,1081]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Y</collectingCountry>
0 segregates only]):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA2A8A2044D93B14F" box="[964,1020,1058,1082]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA26E4D0AB114" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,869,1096,1121]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA26E4CF0B114" author="Carlsson" box="[199,671,1096,1121]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="73 - 78" refId="ref89370" refString="Carlsson, G. (1966) Cytology of the black fly Prosimulium frohnei Sommerman. Hereditas, 55, 73 - 78. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1601 - 5223.1966. tb 02037. x" type="journal article" year="1966">
Carlsson (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA054A26E4F1BB114" box="[312,372,1096,1121]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1966.0">1966</number>
, photos of IS,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA37AA26F4C5CB115" box="[534,563,1097,1120]" name="Iceland" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IL</collectingCountry>
, and IIL)
</bibRefCitation>
: [North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA397A26E4D30B114" box="[763,863,1096,1121]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA24B4ACCB1B8" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA24B4A31B1B8" author="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="943 - 949" refId="ref109537" refString="Ottonen, P. O. &amp; Nambiar, R. (1969) The salivary gland chromosomes of Prosimulium multidentatum Twinn and three forms included in Prosimulium magnum (Dyar &amp; Shannon) (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 943 - 949. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 69 - 154" type="journal article" year="1969">
Ottonen &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0D0A24A4F97B1F0" box="[444,504,1132,1157]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1969.0">1969</number>
, characterization, cytodendrogram, hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA549A24B4ACFB1F1" authorityName="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" authorityYear="2004" box="[1061,1184,1133,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canutum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA549A24B4ACFB1F1" box="[1061,1184,1133,1156]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. canutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA5B9A24B4B3CB1F1" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1237,1363,1133,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA5B9A24B4B3CB1F1" box="[1237,1363,1133,1156]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA195A2B74F63B1DC" box="[249,268,1169,1193]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
],
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA040A2B74FAAB1DC" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" box="[300,453,1168,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA040A2B74FAAB1DC" box="[300,453,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. albionense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA091A2B74C12B1DD" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[509,637,1169,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA091A2B74C12B1DD" box="[509,637,1169,1192]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA3B8A2B74C89B1DC" box="[724,742,1169,1193]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
], and
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA250A2B74D91B1DC" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[828,1022,1168,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA250A2B74D91B1DC" box="[828,1022,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. multidentatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA460A2B64BF3B1DC" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[1292,1436,1168,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA460A2B64BF3B1DC" box="[1292,1436,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIS,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA38CA2934C94B1B9" box="[736,763,1205,1228]" name="Iceland" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IL</collectingCountry>
+ IIL]; as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA21EA2934D82B1B9" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[882,1005,1205,1228]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA21EA2934D82B1B9" box="[882,1005,1205,1228]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA550A2934A25B1B8" box="[1084,1098,1205,1229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
)
</bibRefCitation>
:
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA507A2934ACCB1B8" box="[1131,1187,1205,1229]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA2FE4A83B184" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,1260,1240,1269]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA2FE4F1EB184" author="Rothfels" box="[199,369,1240,1265]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="507 - 539" refId="ref116206" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1979) Cytotaxonomy of black flies (Simuliidae). Annual Review of Entomology, 24, 507 - 539. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. en. 24.010179.002451" type="journal article" year="1979">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A2FF4F1EB184" box="[309,369,1241,1265]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1979.1981">1979</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA010A2FE4FABB184" author="Rothfels" box="[380,452,1240,1265]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="67 - 83" refId="ref116381" refString="Rothfels, K. [H.] (1981 b) Cytological approaches to the study of blackfly systematics and evolution. In: Stock, M. W. (Ed.), Proceedings: Symposium Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Atlanta, December 1 - 2, 1980. Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA, pp. 67 - 83." type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="b">1981b</bibRefCitation>
, cytodendrogram; as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA3D8A2FF4D5FB185" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[692,816,1241,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA3D8A2FF4D5FB185" box="[692,816,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[X0
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA230A2FF4D1FB185" box="[860,880,1241,1264]" name="Italy" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Y</collectingCountry>
0 segregate only]): North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA5E0A2FE4A83B184" box="[1164,1260,1240,1265]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA2D94A48B06D" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,1063,1279,1304]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA2D94D0DB06D" author="Rothfels" box="[199,866,1279,1304]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="207 - 224" refId="ref116250" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1980) Chromosomal variability and speciation in blackflies. In: Blackman, R. L., Hewitt, G. M. &amp; Ashburner, M. (Eds.), Insect Cytogenetics. Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, United Kingdom. 10, pp. 207 - 224." type="journal article" year="1980">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A2D94F1EB062" box="[309,369,1279,1303]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1980.0">1980</number>
,
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA010A2D94FBCB062" box="[380,467,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">de novo</emphasis>
inter-nonhomologue interchanges)
</bibRefCitation>
: [North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA2D1A2D94A4EB06D" box="[957,1057,1279,1304]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA3054DBFB02A" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Rothfels &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0A6A3054C6AB04E" box="[458,517,1315,1339]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1981.0">1981</number>
, characterization, hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA216A3024A7BB049" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" box="[890,1044,1315,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA216A3024A7BB049" box="[890,1044,1315,1340]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. albionense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA521A3024AA2B04E" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1101,1229,1316,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA521A3024AA2B04E" box="[1101,1229,1316,1339]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA44AA3054B58B04E" box="[1318,1335,1315,1339]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
] and
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA4EBA3024F35B02A" authorityName="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canutum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA4EBA3024F35B02A" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. canutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA0E4A36E4C6BB02A" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[392,516,1352,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA0E4A36E4C6BB02A" box="[392,516,1352,1375]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA33EA3614C0AB02A" box="[594,613,1351,1375]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
]; as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA3F3A36E4D74B02A" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[671,795,1352,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA3F3A36E4D74B02A" box="[671,795,1352,1375]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA205A3614D18B02A" box="[873,887,1351,1375]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA2F4A3614DBFB02A" box="[920,976,1351,1375]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA34D4F5EB0D2" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA34D4C61B0F6" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,526,1387,1412]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0BEA34D4C61B0F6" box="[466,526,1387,1411]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, chromosomal characters in larval key, notes on Y-chromosome polymorphism):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA195A3A94F5EB0D2" box="[249,305,1423,1447]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1FBA3954C22B0B9" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[151,589,1459,1484]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA1FBA3954C22B0B9" authority="(Twinn)" authorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[151,589,1459,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA1FBA3954F83B0B9" bold="true" box="[151,492,1459,1484]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium multidentatum</emphasis>
(Twinn)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA3F14B39B085" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,1366,1495,1520]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA3F14ACEB09A" author="Rothfels" box="[199,1185,1495,1520]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="113 - 122" refId="ref116134" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1956) Black flies: siblings, sex, and species grouping. Journal of Heredity, 47, 113 - 122." type="journal article" year="1956">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A3F14F1EB085" box="[309,369,1495,1520]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1956.0">1956</number>
, description; drawing of
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF76F3BA3E4A3F14CD8B09A" box="[648,695,1495,1519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IIIS</collectionCode>
; idiogram; photo of partial chromosome II)
</bibRefCitation>
: North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA599A3F14B39B085" box="[1269,1366,1495,1520]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA3DD4DE5B32E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA3DD4F03B361" author="Ottonen" box="[199,364,1531,1556]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref109433" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1964) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium (Diptera) Simuliidae). Master's thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 87 pp. + 9 plates." type="book" year="1964">
Ottonen (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA05CA3DD4F03B361" box="[304,364,1531,1556]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1964.1966">1964</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA01AA3DD4FDEB361" author="Ottonen" box="[374,433,1531,1556]" firstAuthor="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="677 - 701" refId="ref109480" refString="Ottonen, P. O. (1966) The salivary gland chromosomes of six species in the IIIS- 1 group of Prosimulium Roub. (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 44, 677 - 701. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 66 - 066" type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
, characterization; cytodendrogram; drawing of partial IIL; idiogram; photos of metaphase complement,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA0FBA0064FDBB342" box="[407,436,1568,1591]" name="Iceland" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IL</collectingCountry>
, IIS, IIL,
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF76F3BA358A0394C0DB342" box="[564,610,1567,1591]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IIIS</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF76F3BA31FA0064CCCB342" box="[627,675,1568,1591]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IIIL</collectionCode>
, and chromocenter; resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA5F5A0394B46B34D" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[1177,1321,1567,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA5F5A0394B46B34D" box="[1177,1321,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard; whole-arm interchange [IS + IIS,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA31FA0624CE1B32E" box="[627,654,1604,1627]" name="Iceland" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IL</collectingCountry>
+ IIL]):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA39CA0654D28B329" box="[752,839,1603,1628]" name="Canada" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Canada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA23EA0654DE5B32E" box="[850,906,1603,1627]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA0414DEEB3F5" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,897,1639,1664]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA0414CD4B30A" author="Carlsson" box="[199,699,1639,1664]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="73 - 78" refId="ref89370" refString="Carlsson, G. (1966) Cytology of the black fly Prosimulium frohnei Sommerman. Hereditas, 55, 73 - 78. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1601 - 5223.1966. tb 02037. x" type="journal article" year="1966">
Carlsson (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA054A0414F1BB3F5" box="[312,372,1639,1664]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1966.0">1966</number>
, photos of IIS, IIL, and
<collectionCode id="D889AE70FFF76F3BA3ECA0414CDCB30A" box="[640,691,1639,1663]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IIIL</collectionCode>
)
</bibRefCitation>
: [North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA27BA0414D14B3F5" box="[791,891,1639,1664]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA0AD4F80B39E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA0AD4F25B39E" author="Ottonen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="943 - 949" refId="ref109537" refString="Ottonen, P. O. &amp; Nambiar, R. (1969) The salivary gland chromosomes of Prosimulium multidentatum Twinn and three forms included in Prosimulium magnum (Dyar &amp; Shannon) (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 943 - 949. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 69 - 154" type="journal article" year="1969">
Ottonen &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0DBA0AD4F9CB3D1" box="[439,499,1675,1700]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1969.0">1969</number>
, characterization, cytodendrogram, photo of hybrid complement with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA46BA0AA4BF3B3D1" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" box="[1287,1436,1675,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA46BA0AA4BF3B3D1" box="[1287,1436,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. albionense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA04CA0964FF4B3B2" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[288,411,1712,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA04CA0964FF4B3B2" box="[288,411,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA085A0894F95B3B2" box="[489,506,1711,1735]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
], resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA269A0894DFAB3BD" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[773,917,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA269A0894DFAB3BD" box="[773,917,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIS,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA4EEA0964BF3B3B2" box="[1410,1436,1712,1735]" name="Iceland" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">IL</collectingCountry>
+ IIL])
</bibRefCitation>
:
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA039A0F54FC3B399" box="[341,428,1747,1772]" name="Canada" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Canada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA0DBA0F54F80B39E" box="[439,495,1747,1771]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA0D14D77B222" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Rothfels &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0A0A0D14C68B265" box="[460,519,1783,1808]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1975.0">1975</number>
, characterization; meiotic bridges by chiasma formation; photos of anaphase, metaphase, pachytene, low-magnification polytene complement, and sex chromosomes; resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA01CA1194F90B22D" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[368,511,1855,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA01CA1194F90B22D" box="[368,511,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA312A1194CBAB22D" box="[638,725,1855,1880]" name="Canada" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Canada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA38CA1194D77B222" box="[736,792,1855,1879]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA1454D27B209" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,840,1891,1916]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA1454F1EB20E" author="Rothfels" box="[199,369,1891,1916]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="507 - 539" refId="ref116206" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1979) Cytotaxonomy of black flies (Simuliidae). Annual Review of Entomology, 24, 507 - 539. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. en. 24.010179.002451" type="journal article" year="1979">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A1454F1EB20E" box="[309,369,1891,1915]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1979.1981">1979</number>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA010A1454FABB209" author="Rothfels" box="[380,452,1891,1916]" firstAuthor="Rothfels" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="67 - 83" refId="ref116381" refString="Rothfels, K. [H.] (1981 b) Cytological approaches to the study of blackfly systematics and evolution. In: Stock, M. W. (Ed.), Proceedings: Symposium Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Atlanta, December 1 - 2, 1980. Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA, pp. 67 - 83." type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="b">1981b</bibRefCitation>
, cytodendrogram): North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA384A1454D27B209" box="[744,840,1891,1916]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F3BA1ABA1A14A8FB2D5" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" box="[199,1248,1927,1952]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF76F3BA1ABA1A14A75B2EA" author="Rothfels" box="[199,1050,1927,1952]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="207 - 224" refId="ref116250" refString="Rothfels, K. H. (1980) Chromosomal variability and speciation in blackflies. In: Blackman, R. L., Hewitt, G. M. &amp; Ashburner, M. (Eds.), Insect Cytogenetics. Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, United Kingdom. 10, pp. 207 - 224." type="journal article" year="1980">
Rothfels (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA059A1A14F1EB2EA" box="[309,369,1927,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1980.0">1980</number>
, idiogram of hybrid with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA3E3A1AE4D4BB2D5" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" box="[655,804,1927,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA3E3A1AE4D4BB2D5" box="[655,804,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. albionense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA23FA1AE4DA1B2EA" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[851,974,1928,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA23FA1AE4DA1B2EA" box="[851,974,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
III])
</bibRefCitation>
: [North
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF76F3BA51BA1A14AB4B2D5" box="[1143,1243,1927,1952]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">America</collectingCountry>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF76F38A1ABA18D4F05B5A1" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2031]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Rothfels &amp; Nambiar (
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA0D6A18A4F9AB2B1" box="[442,501,1964,1988]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1981.0">1981</number>
, characterization, backcross and F
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA219A19C4D12B2BD" box="[885,893,1978,1992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA57BA18A4AC4B2B1" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" box="[1047,1195,1963,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA57BA18A4AC4B2B1" box="[1047,1195,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. albionense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA5B6A18A4B39B2B6" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1242,1366,1964,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA5B6A18A4B39B2B6" box="[1242,1366,1964,1987]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA195A1F44F65B29F" box="[249,266,2002,2026]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
] and
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA03AA1F54FBAB29F" authorityName="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" authorityYear="2004" box="[342,469,2003,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canutum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA03AA1F54FBAB29F" box="[342,469,2003,2026]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. canutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F3BA367A1F54CE5B29F" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[523,650,2003,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA367A1F54CE5B29F" box="[523,650,2003,2026]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA3B3A1F44C9DB29F" box="[735,754,2002,2026]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
], idiograms of male and backcross and F
<number id="08502492FFF76F3BA5B7A1C74A8CB29A" box="[1243,1251,2017,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF76F38A4EBA1F54F1DB5C5" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF76F3BA4EBA1F54BF5B29F" box="[1415,1434,2003,2026]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A195A6B14F1DB5C5" box="[249,370,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">albionense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A0C8A6BF4C4EB5C5" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[420,545,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A0C8A6BF4C4EB5C5" box="[420,545,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF46F38A31EA6BE4CEBB5C5" box="[626,644,152,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="3.0">3</number>
], photo of backcross hybrid with
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A562A6BF4ACBB5C5" authorityName="Rothfels" authorityYear="1956" box="[1038,1188,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albionense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A562A6BF4ACBB5C5" box="[1038,1188,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. albionense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A5BAA6BF4B3CB5C5" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Shannon" authorityYear="1927" box="[1238,1363,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A5BAA6BF4B3CB5C5" box="[1238,1363,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. magnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form
<number id="08502492FFF46F38A195A69A4F65B5A1" box="[249,266,188,212]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="3.0">3</number>
]):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF46F38A05EA69A4F05B5A1" box="[306,362,188,212]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF46F38A1FBA6F94C02B58D" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[151,621,223,248]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A1FBA6F94C02B58D" authority="Peterson &amp; DeFoliart" authorityName="Peterson &amp; DeFoliart" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,621,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uinta">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A1FBA6F94F18B58D" bold="true" box="[151,375,223,248]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prosimulium uinta</emphasis>
Peterson &amp; DeFoliart
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF46F38A1ABA7224B63B469" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,1292,260,285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF46F38A1ABA7224C63B469" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,524,260,285]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF46F38A0BCA7224C63B469" box="[464,524,260,284]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, characterization, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A2ABA7224A38B468" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[967,1111,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A2ABA7224A38B468" box="[967,1111,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF46F38A5B8A7224B63B469" box="[1236,1292,260,284]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF46F38A1FBA7014F9BB435" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[151,500,295,320]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A1FBA7014F9BB435" authority="(Twinn)" authorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityName="Twinn" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[151,500,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicum">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A1FBA7014FFCB435" bold="true" box="[151,403,295,320]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prosimulium unicum</emphasis>
(Twinn)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF46F38A1ABA76A4B63B411" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,1292,332,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF46F38A1ABA76A4C63B411" author="Adler, Currie &amp; Wood" box="[199,524,332,357]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref85312" refString="Adler, P. H., Currie, D. C. &amp; Wood, D. M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, xv + 941 pp. + 24 color plates." type="book" year="2004">
Adler, Currie &amp; Wood (
<number id="08502492FFF46F38A0BCA76A4C63B411" box="[464,524,332,356]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, characterization, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A2ABA76A4A38B410" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[967,1111,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A2ABA76A4A38B410" box="[967,1111,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF46F38A5B8A76A4B63B411" box="[1236,1292,332,356]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF46F38A1FBA7494F96B4FD" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[151,505,367,392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A1FBA7494F96B4FD" authority="Shiraki" authorityName="Shiraki" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,505,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoense">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A1FBA7494FCEB4FD" bold="true" box="[151,417,367,392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prosimulium yezoense</emphasis>
Shiraki
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE2736B5FFF46F38A1ABA7B24DE5B4BA" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<bibRefCitation id="DA094B44FFF46F38A1ABA7B24C5CB4D9" author="Adler, Huang &amp; Takaoka" box="[199,563,404,429]" firstAuthor="Adler" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1467 - 1475" refId="ref85435" refString="Adler, P. H., Huang, Y. - T. &amp; Takaoka, H. (2012) Nearctic-Palearctic relationships of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae): chromosomal and morphological evidence for the Prosimulium magnum species group in Japan. Journal of Natural History, 46, 1467 - 1475. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2012.673644" type="journal article" year="2012">
Adler, Huang &amp; Takaoka (
<number id="08502492FFF46F38A09BA7B24C5CB4D9" box="[503,563,404,428]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2012.0">2012</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, characterization, inversions mapped, photos of all arms and transformed CI region, resolution relative to
<taxonomicName id="79984D36FFF46F38A351A7914CA3B4A5" authorityName="Roubaud" box="[573,716,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Prosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CECEAA7FFF46F38A351A7914CA3B4A5" box="[573,716,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prosimulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
standard):
<collectingCountry id="C68F7625FFF46F38A226A79E4DE5B4BA" box="[842,906,440,463]" name="Japan" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Japan</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>