treatments-xml/data/03/D1/87/03D18784FFF0FF80FF80FB37FC66D405.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

407 lines
37 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="47A252E15B719957E7B1ACE923EE3B54" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.sajb.2017.11.020" ID-ISSN="1727-9321" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10496511" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1705062638116" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Elliott, T. L. &amp; Muasya, A. M." docDate="2018" docId="03D18784FFF0FF80FF80FB37FC66D405" docLanguage="en" docName="SAfrJBot.114.303-315.pdf" docOrigin="South African Journal of Botany 114" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.11.020" docStyle="DocumentStyle:AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4.1:SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4" docStyleName="SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Schoenus arenicolus T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="308" masterDocId="FFE8FFFCFFF5FF85FFFAFF94FFAFD375" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Schoenus compar - Schoenus pictus and allies (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae) with three new species described from South Africa *" masterLastPageNumber="315" masterPageNumber="303" pageNumber="308" updateTime="1705581650622" updateUser="felipe">
<mods:mods id="D93C9E722F6841806327B3B4EE90C870" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0272190E6F312A71C15C9D2AA446FE30">
<mods:title id="0AFBDDFA1E1F9138D9EC186D1528FFAC">A taxonomic revision of Schoenus compar - Schoenus pictus and allies (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae) with three new species described from South Africa *</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A16602D261099692700F2868DC4FBF03" type="personal">
<mods:role id="44705CE2DCF58CDB573CF7E4CA188B96">
<mods:roleTerm id="C0DCB5D48968357D995EEC580163E57B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CCE4785262951F9EE6AFA0C2584AE983">Elliott, T. L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1A8988A1D22D1700ABC4911B5B1BFA64" type="personal">
<mods:role id="525AD03A179BB74F866B0625A68684E7">
<mods:roleTerm id="488CFEF272DFC559765140A72C54DE38">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="66612736575FE4E412B0FA515C1E44A5">Muasya, A. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B246266776539F27425811EA17C9FC7A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="192C3D6302AE73156FEC9F7ED1C65BBD" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="9BF3D8B82AAED5F6F823BC9B315E58F3">
<mods:title id="CBF54B27655EA0129C5003F01F8ADA49">South African Journal of Botany</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="920A2858DCCF5E5617A92AC72D0C93B2">
<mods:date id="939500F2EFC7674491E71E37D8EABBD5">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A95F7C88801F5E8E8E4DBD085C6840EF" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="C46E30EB8527082D22369EA1481D6FFC">2018-01-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="4D0921EA23BBE8DEB29D56796BDC31BA" type="volume">
<mods:number id="809387965FDF374D345D4AE939701A6E">114</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="930B547A56100E57EF10855810778A7F" unit="page">
<mods:start id="6134F871CCA0A62D0EBDD915A7D20737">303</mods:start>
<mods:end id="50C90804D7D09748E4D55D62176FC45E">315</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="944BC37C3D73CF6F95207E85DB7D1065">
<mods:url id="6831F40A3F53EE3F0F9AD8D98836F65C">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.11.020</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="079838BE75A833FBA469A83CCBCCF1FD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="06BCA8236D520A97335FD54CCA420360" type="DOI">10.1016/j.sajb.2017.11.020</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="79D49EBBCFAA7638F4C3915BD526C948" type="ISSN">1727-9321</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CF1EADC3F41367A71D450105FF738A08" type="Zenodo-Dep">10496511</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D18784FFF0FF80FF80FB37FC66D405" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D18784FFF0FF80FF80FB37FC66D405" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D18784FFF0FF80FF80FB37FC66D405" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFF0FF80FF80FB37FF7ED7A7" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FF80FB37FF7ED7A7" blockId="5.[90,761,154,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF80FB37FF23D7C3" bold="true" box="[122,140,1187,1206]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FF6BFB36FDBAD7C2" authority="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityName="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" box="[145,533,1186,1207]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenicolus">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF6BFB36FEFAD7C3" bold="true" box="[145,341,1186,1206]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Schoenus arenicolus</emphasis>
T.L.Elliott &amp; Muasya
</taxonomicName>
in S. African J. Bot. 112: 359 (2017),
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFF0FF80FF21FB54FD7DD69C" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FF21FB54FD3ED637" blockId="5.[90,761,154,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
non
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FEF1FB2AFD0FD7A7" authority="J. M. Black (1929)" authorityName="J. M. Black" authorityYear="1929" box="[267,672,1214,1234]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachyphyllus">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FEF1FB2AFE41D7A7" box="[267,494,1214,1234]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Schoenus brachyphyllus</emphasis>
J.M.Black (1929)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FD54FB2AFEEED79B" authority="Levyns, J. S." authorityName="Levyns, J. S." class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Tetraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachyphylla">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FD54FB2AFF7FD79B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Tetraria brachyphylla</emphasis>
Levyns, J. S.
</taxonomicName>
African Bot. 13: 90 (1947).
<typeStatus id="54C38830FFF0FF80FDBFFB48FDD8D79A" box="[581,631,1244,1263]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Type</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602FFF0FF80FD7AFB4FFD5BD79B" box="[640,756,1243,1262]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FFA0FB6CFE98D67F" box="[90,311,1271,1291]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, 3418 (Simonstown); slopes of Kapitein's Peak, Hout Bay, (AB),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FEF8FA87FED5D653" box="[258,378,1299,1318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1946-10-20">20 Oct 1946</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FE79FA86FE58D653" box="[387,503,1298,1318]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Levyns 8093</emphasis>
(BOL, holo! [BOL139415]; BOL! [BOL139413, BOL139414], K!, PRE!, SAM - image!, iso.)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FF80FADEFD7DD69C" blockId="5.[90,761,154,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FF80FADEFDFBD62B" authority="Kuk, Repert." authorityName="Kuk, Repert." authorityYear="2018" box="[122,596,1354,1374]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Tetraria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="sylvatica" status="sp. nov." variety="pseudocuspidata">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF80FADEFEB8D62B" box="[122,279,1354,1374]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Tetraria sylvatica</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FEB9FADEFE74D62B" box="[323,475,1354,1374]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">pseudocuspidata</emphasis>
Kük, Repert.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57FBFFF0FF80FDA2FADFFD15D62B" box="[600,698,1355,1374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" rank="species">Spec. Nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Regni. Veg. 29: 188 (1931).
<typeStatus id="54C38830FFF0FF80FEDEFAF3FEF8D60F" box="[292,343,1383,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Type</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602FFF0FF80FEA5FAF3FE79D60F" box="[351,470,1383,1402]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FE24FAF3FD11D60F" box="[478,702,1383,1402]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, 3419 (Caledon); in collibus pone Rhenosterkopp, (DD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FD88FA17FD5CD6E3" box="[626,755,1411,1430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1897-04-28">28 Apr 1897</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FFA0FA09FEADD6C4" box="[90,258,1437,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Schlechter 10,570</emphasis>
(PRE, lecto.!, here designated; BM!, GRA!, K!, S - image!, P[P00461872, P00461873, P00461874] - image!, WAG[WAG0389326, WAG0108275] - image!, L - image!, isolecto.)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFF0FF80FF80FA66FB20D2B0" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FF80FA66FAC1D2DC" blockId="5.[90,761,154,1988]" lastBlockId="5.[805,1475,155,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
Caespitose, phyllopodic perennial graminoid. Often partly or almost entirely viscous, especially on sheaths and inflorescences.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FD84F999FD19D554" box="[638,694,1549,1569]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Culms</emphasis>
terete, (206)335575(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF00F9BEFEA1D548" box="[250,270,1578,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
688) × 0.61.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FE5EF9BEFE17D548" box="[420,440,1578,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
1.5) mm.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FDEFF9BDFDFED548" box="[533,593,1577,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Leaves</emphasis>
basal, 25, short, (10.0)25.068.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FEFEF9D2FEB7D52C" box="[260,280,1606,1625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
134.0) × 0.20.7(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FE40F9D2FE61D52C" box="[442,462,1606,1625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
1.2) mm, flat, usually not proximally channelled, straight or less often not, margin usually serrate above sheath.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF5BF9E9FF49D5E4" box="[161,230,1661,1681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Sheaths</emphasis>
often reddish-brown colour, smooth, often viscous, tightly clasping culm, longitudinally striate.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FE30F90CFE50D5D9" box="[458,511,1688,1708]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Ligule</emphasis>
membranaceous, 2-lobed, (1.9)3.56.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF1CF921FF55D5BD" box="[230,250,1717,1736]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
8.3) mm.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FEA3F920FE7DD5BD" box="[345,466,1716,1736]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
In
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FE96F921FED7D5BD" bold="true" box="[364,376,1717,1736]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">fl</emphasis>
orescence
</emphasis>
a narrow panicle, 9.525.5(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FD19F921FD58D5BD" box="[739,759,1717,1736]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
46.0) × (2.5)4.06.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FED7F945FEEED591" box="[301,321,1745,1764]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
10.0) mm, sometimes viscous, proximal rachis length 5.511.5(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF0FF979FEA6D475" box="[245,265,1773,1792]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
16.0) mm.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FE8AF978FD6AD475" box="[368,709,1772,1792]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
Proximal primary in
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FDDCF979FD9DD475" bold="true" box="[550,562,1773,1792]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">fl</emphasis>
orescence bracts
</emphasis>
firm, non-sheathing, 2577(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FED5F89DFEECD469" box="[303,323,1801,1820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
173) mm long, often exceeding length of inflorescence several times, can have small membranaceous extensions at base.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF6BF8D4FF64D421" box="[145,203,1856,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Spikes</emphasis>
few, 15, 7.012.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FE76F8D5FE0FD421" box="[396,416,1857,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
22.0) mm long.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FDC6F8D4FD22D421" box="[572,653,1856,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Spikelets</emphasis>
5.78.2(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FD19F8D5FD58D421" box="[739,759,1857,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
10.0) × 1.02.4(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF06F8C9FEBFD405" box="[252,272,1885,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
3.8) mm, usually paired with one sessile and the other with a short pedicel, oblong to lanceolate, 13 spikelets/spike.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FFA0F807FF0ED4D2" box="[90,161,1939,1959]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Rachilla</emphasis>
0.22.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FF09F801FEA8D4DD" box="[243,263,1941,1960]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
4.9) mm long.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FE6AF807FE7CD4D2" box="[400,467,1939,1959]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Glumes</emphasis>
(1)35 per spikelet, proximal glume (1.6)2.63.2(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FED0F824FE91D4B6" box="[298,318,1968,1987]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
3.6) mm long, subproximal glume 2.43.6(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FD19F824FD58D4B6" box="[739,759,1968,1987]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
4.6) mm long, thick, firm, often shiny, distichous, more or less 2- ranked, reddish-brown, sometimes with a narrow scarious margin, upper glumes longer in length, prophylls with notable, raised vein extending to mucro.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC1FFF7AFB85D277" box="[997,1066,238,258]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Mucros</emphasis>
well-developed, proximal mucro length (0.1)0.81.4(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC54FE9FFC6DD26B" box="[942,962,267,286]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
3.0) mm, subproximal mucro length (0.1)0.51.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FA54FE9FFA6DD26B" box="[1454,1474,267,286]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
2.2) mm.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC78FEB2FC60D24F" box="[898,975,294,314]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Stamens</emphasis>
3(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC11FEB3FC50D24F" box="[1003,1023,295,314]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
9) per floret, anthers
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FB37FEB3FAEFD24F" box="[1229,1344,295,314]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="3.3">3.34.7 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FA80FEB2FA6DD24F" box="[1402,1474,294,314]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Stigmas</emphasis>
(2)3-branched.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC3FFED6FBF8D223" box="[965,1111,322,342]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Perianth bristles</emphasis>
0.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB89FED6FB04D223" box="[1139,1195,322,342]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Nutlet</emphasis>
smooth below, broad elliptic, slightly trigonous, 3.14.9(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FBDBFECBFB9AD207" box="[1057,1077,351,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
5.8) ×
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FB8EFECAFB48D207" box="[1140,1255,350,370]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.5">1.52.4 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB15FEC9FAF7D204" box="[1263,1368,349,369]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Nutlet beak</emphasis>
conical, almost smooth, continuous with the lower part of nutlet, with faint longitudinal furrows, (0.5)1.62.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FBBCFE02FBF5D2DC" box="[1094,1114,406,425]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308"></emphasis>
2.6) mm long. (
<figureCitation id="13432A17FFF0FF80FB16FE02FA88D2DC" box="[1260,1319,406,425]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[90,115,881,895]" captionTargetBox="[139,1425,147,843]" captionTargetId="figure-663@3.[142,1422,150,840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Examples of plants from each of the seven known species of S.compar - S.pictus group found in southern Africa, showing the corresponding inflorescences and spikelets beneath each plant:A,H and O—S.compar; B,I and P—S.arenicolus, C,J and Q—S.pictus; D,K,and R—S.pseudoloreus; E,L and S—S.aureus; F,M and T—S.megacarpus; and G,N and U—S.filiculmis. The black scale bar beside the inflorescences and spikelets in H—N represents 10 mm, whereas the scale bar beneath O—U represents 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496515" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496515/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="13432A17FFF0FF80FAAFFE02FACED2DC" box="[1365,1377,406,425]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[90,116,1905,1919]" captionTargetBox="[95,754,1463,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-862@3.[100,749,1494,1862]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Examples of nutlets from six species of the S. compar - S. pictus group found in southern Africa: A—S. compar; B—S. arenicolus; C—S. pictus; D—S. pseudoloreus; E—S.aureus (immature); and F—S. megacarpus. The black scale bar represents 1 mm.The mature fruit of S.filiculmis is unknown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496517" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496517/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FCBFFE25FB20D2B0" blockId="5.[805,1475,155,1988]" box="[837,1167,433,454]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCBFFE25FC0BD2B0" box="[837,932,433,453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Flowering:</emphasis>
September to December
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFF0FF80FCBFFE59FAB1D124" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FCBFFE59FAB1D124" blockId="5.[805,1475,155,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCBFFE59FB9ED294" box="[837,1073,461,481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FB15FE59FACBD294" box="[1263,1380,461,481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenicolus">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB15FE59FACBD294" box="[1263,1380,461,481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">S. arenicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is mostly near the southwestern coast of
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602FFF0FF80FBB2FE7EFB13D288" box="[1096,1212,490,509]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, ranging from the
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FA9EFE7EFA3DD288" box="[1380,1426,490,509]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Cape</collectingRegion>
Peninsula in the west to the Knysna area in the east (
<figureCitation id="13432A17FFF0FF80FAFDFD92FA94D16C" box="[1287,1339,518,537]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[610,635,948,962]" captionTargetBox="[352,1260,146,912]" captionTargetId="figure-772@6.[437,1151,172,801]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. Documented locations of Schoenus arenicolus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496521/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). This species generally grows on well-drained sandy sites among fynbos vegetation at low elevations (sea level to approximately
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FB29FDAAFABDD124" box="[1235,1298,574,593]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="185.0">185 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFF0FF80FCBFFDCCFADCD045" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FCBFFDCCFADCD045" blockId="5.[805,1475,155,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCBFFDCCFBF2D119" box="[837,1117,600,620]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FC5DFDCCFBF2D119" box="[935,1117,600,620]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenicolus">Schoenus arenicolus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from most other species in this group by its reddish-brown leaf sheaths and relatively narrow inflorescences, which often have only three to six spikelets. It is a similar species to
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FC0EFD38FBE2D1B5" box="[1012,1101,684,704]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compar">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC0EFD38FBE2D1B5" box="[1012,1101,684,704]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">S. compar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it can be differentiated by its shorter leaves and reddish-brown leaf sheaths as opposed to the ivory sheaths of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FC3EFD70FBB0D18D" box="[964,1055,740,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compar">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC3EFD70FBB0D18D" box="[964,1055,740,760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">S. compar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FB54FD70FA8DD18D" box="[1198,1314,740,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenicolus">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB54FD70FA8DD18D" box="[1198,1314,740,760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">S. arenicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has much fewer spikes and spikelets, as well as nutlet beaks that are continuous with the nutlet body and smoother compared to those of
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FAEEFC88FADCD045" box="[1300,1395,796,816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFF0FF80FAEEFC88FAC0D045" box="[1300,1391,796,816]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compar">S. compar</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFF0FF80FCBFFCADFC66D405" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FCBFFCADFBDBD039" blockId="5.[805,1475,155,1988]" box="[837,1140,825,844]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Additional collections examined</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFF0FF80FCBFFCC1FC66D405" blockId="5.[805,1475,155,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602FFF0FF80FCBFFCC1FC69D01D" box="[837,966,853,872]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FC2FFCC1FBD3D01D" box="[981,1148,853,872]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">WESTERN CAPE</collectingRegion>
:
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB76FCC1FAF6D012" bold="true" box="[1164,1369,852,872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
3318 (
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FB2AFCC0FAABD012" box="[1232,1284,852,871]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Cape</collectingRegion>
Town):
</emphasis>
Near the Stellenbosch Division, boundary on the Klipfontein Rd., (DC),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FA7AFCE5FCF8D0EA" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1962-12-19">19 Dec 1962</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC9BFC1FFBB9D0EA" box="[865,1046,907,927]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Esterhuysen 29,966</emphasis>
(BOL, K); Klipfontein Road near Duinendal, (DC),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FC96FC3CFC47D0CE" box="[876,1000,936,955]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1943-09-12">12 Sep 1943</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC0EFC33FBC5D0CE" box="[1012,1130,935,955]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Levyns 7588</emphasis>
(BOL); Stikland,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FAECFC3CFAEAD0CE" box="[1302,1349,936,955]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Cape</collectingRegion>
Flats, dunes near power station, (DC),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FBC9FC50FB1DD0A2" box="[1075,1202,964,983]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1979-08-30">30 Aug 1979</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB46FC57FA90D0A2" box="[1212,1343,963,983]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Boucher 4505</emphasis>
(NBG);
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FA69FC50FA6DD0A2" box="[1427,1474,964,983]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Cape</collectingRegion>
Flats Nature Reserve Bellville, University of
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FB13FC74FAB7D086" box="[1257,1304,992,1011]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Cape</collectingRegion>
Town, (DC),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FA50FC74FCD1D77A" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1978-10-27">27 Oct 1978</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC72FC6FFC78D77A" box="[904,983,1019,1039]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Low 740</emphasis>
(NBG).
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FBDDFC68FB59D77A" bold="true" box="[1063,1270,1020,1039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">3418 (Simonstown):</emphasis>
Sandy flats between Fish Hoek and Noord Hoek, (AB),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FB90FB8CFB6DD75E" box="[1130,1218,1048,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1921-09">Sep 1921</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB30FB83FA98D75E" box="[1226,1335,1047,1067]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Pillans 4866</emphasis>
(K); Headland at Witsand, (AB),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FC2CFBA0FB86D732" box="[982,1065,1076,1095]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1923-01">Jan 1923</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FBCBFBA7FB31D732" box="[1073,1182,1075,1095]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Pillans 4777</emphasis>
(K); N of Wildevoëlvlei, (AB),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FCDFFBC4FC0CD716" box="[805,931,1104,1123]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1983-11-24">24 Nov 1983</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC57FBDBFBE9D716" box="[941,1094,1103,1123]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">O'Callaghan 707</emphasis>
(NBG); Platboom road,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FAC8FBC4FACED716" box="[1330,1377,1104,1123]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Cape</collectingRegion>
Point Reserve, (AD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FC50FBF8FB8BD70A" box="[938,1060,1132,1151]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1978-09-26">26 Sep 1978</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FBD7FBFFFB41D70A" box="[1069,1262,1131,1151]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Esterhuysen 35,034a</emphasis>
(BOL); The Meadows
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FCDFFB1CFCFBD7EE" box="[805,852,1160,1179]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Cape</collectingRegion>
Point, (AD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FC1BFB1CFBFFD7EF" box="[993,1104,1159,1179]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1965-12-07">7 Dec 1965</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FBA0FB12FB64D7EF" box="[1114,1227,1158,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Taylor 6620</emphasis>
(NU, PRE); dune beyond Gifkommetjie turn-off,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFF0FF80FBF0FB30FB96D7C2" box="[1034,1081,1188,1207]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Cape</collectingRegion>
of Good Hope Nature Reserve, (AD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FA4CFB30FCD1D7A7" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1972-09-07">7 Sep 1972</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC72FB2AFC59D7A7" box="[904,1014,1214,1234]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Taylor 8180</emphasis>
(NBG); Phillipi - Mitchell's plain, (BA),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FA84FB2BFCF8D79B" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1998-08-23">23 Aug 1998</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC9AFB4EFC68D79B" box="[864,967,1242,1262]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Low PM 25</emphasis>
(GRA); Swartklip Road, (BA),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FB03FB4FFAC6D79B" box="[1273,1385,1243,1262]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1991-08-09">9 Aug 1991</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FA89FB4EFA6DD79B" box="[1395,1474,1242,1262]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Berry 18</emphasis>
(NBG); Betty's Bay, Hangklip Estates, (BD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FB22FB6CFAEBD67F" box="[1240,1348,1271,1291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1944-02-07">7 Feb 1944</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FAB4FB62FA6DD67F" box="[1358,1474,1270,1290]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Levyns 7668</emphasis>
(BOL); Hangklip Subregion, Blesberg lower slopes along vehicle track, (BD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FC96FABBFC70D637" box="[876,991,1327,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="2001-03-04">4 Mar 2001</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC10FABAFBF7D637" box="[1002,1112,1326,1346]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Joubert 435</emphasis>
(NBG); Buffels River mouth, Pringle Bay, (BD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FC59FADFFB84D62B" box="[931,1067,1355,1374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1971-11-17">17 Nov 1971</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FBC0FADEFB6FD62B" box="[1082,1216,1354,1374]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Boucher 1743</emphasis>
(NBG).
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FAE0FADFFA6DD62B" bold="true" box="[1306,1474,1355,1374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">3419 (Caledon):</emphasis>
Wortelgat (Dadelkom), (AD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FBBDFAF3FB13D60F" box="[1095,1212,1383,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1988-09-28">28 Sep 1988</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB3FFAF2FA6DD60F" box="[1221,1474,1382,1402]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">B ӧsenberg &amp; Rutherford 412</emphasis>
(NBG); Hermanus,
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FC21FA17FBA3D6E3" box="[987,1036,1411,1430]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
SE of Gansbaai, Suikerbosrand, (CB),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FA81FA17FCF9D6C4" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="2005-05-11">11 May 2005</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCA4FA09FC63D6C4" box="[862,972,1437,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Helme 3475</emphasis>
(NBG);Groot Hagelkraal, (DA),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FAF9FA0BFADDD6C7" box="[1283,1394,1439,1458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="2012-03-08">8 Mar 2012</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FA81FA09FCFBD6B8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Muasya 6477</emphasis>
(BOL); Buffeljacht farm, south of Buffeljagsberg, (DA),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FA86FA2EFCF9D69C" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1979-03-12">12 Mar 1979</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCA4FA41FC40D69C" box="[862,1007,1493,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Thompson 3962</emphasis>
(NBG, PRE); Rattle River Mouth, ±
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FAC6FA42FAC0D69C" box="[1340,1391,1494,1513]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
E of Die Dam, E side of mouth, c.
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FBCCFA66FBD6D570" box="[1078,1145,1522,1541]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
from coast; (DC),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FAB1FA66FA10D570" box="[1355,1471,1522,1541]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1984-06-07">7 Jun 1984</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCDFF999FB39D554" box="[805,1174,1549,1569]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">O'Callaghan, Fellingham &amp; van Wyk 459</emphasis>
(NBG).
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB18F99AFA0DD554" bold="true" box="[1250,1442,1550,1569]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">3420 (Bredasdorp):</emphasis>
De Hoop Nature Reserve, (AD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FBCAF9BEFB0ED548" box="[1072,1185,1578,1597]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1957-04-11">11 Apr 1957</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB52F9BDFA8AD548" box="[1192,1317,1577,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Levyns 10,706</emphasis>
(BOL [2 sheets]); De Hoop, Potberg Nature Reserve, Potberg farm,
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FB15F9D2FAB0D52C" box="[1263,1311,1606,1625]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
from coast along track to coast, (BC),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FC12F9F6FBE9D500" box="[1000,1094,1634,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1978-07-09">9 Jul 1978</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FBB4F9F5FB6CD500" box="[1102,1219,1633,1653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Burgers 1076</emphasis>
(K, NBG, PRE); Bredasdorp, Struisbaai,
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FC6AF9EAFC6BD5E4" box="[912,964,1662,1681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
NW of Molshoop, (CA),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FB3DF9EAFAEBD5E4" box="[1223,1348,1662,1681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="2003-04-28">28 Apr 2003</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FAAAF9E9FA6DD5E4" box="[1360,1474,1661,1681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Helme 2668</emphasis>
(NBG); Agulhas, (CC),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FBE8F90EFB3ED5D8" box="[1042,1169,1690,1709]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1948-04-10">10 Apr 1948</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FB64F90CFABBD5D9" box="[1182,1300,1688,1708]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Levyns 8821</emphasis>
(BM, BOL).
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FA68F90DFC0AD5BD" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">3421 (Riversdale):</emphasis>
Brandfontein, (AB),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FB78F922FB51D5BD" box="[1154,1278,1717,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1951-10-13">13 Oct 1951</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FAF1F920FA6DD5BD" box="[1291,1474,1716,1736]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Esterhuysen 18,993</emphasis>
(BOL);
<quantity id="4C809B77FFF0FF80FC97F945FC0FD591" box="[877,928,1745,1764]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
from Duivenhoks river mouth, W side, (BD),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FA82F945FCF8D475" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1984-05-28">28 May 1984</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC99F978FB48D475" box="[867,1255,1772,1792]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">O'Callaghan, van Wyk &amp; Fellingham 394</emphasis>
(NBG).
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FAC1F979FCF9D469" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">3422 (Mossel Bay):</emphasis>
Goukamma Nature Reserve, (BB), without date, without collector
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCDFF8B0FCE8D44D" box="[805,839,1828,1848]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">163</emphasis>
(K).
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FC8CF8B1FBA3D44D" bold="true" box="[886,1036,1829,1848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">3423 (Knysna):</emphasis>
Robberg, Plettenberg Bay, (AB),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FAB1F8B1FA10D44D" box="[1355,1471,1829,1848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1955-10-25">25 Oct 1955</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCDFF8D4FC7DD421" box="[805,978,1856,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Esterhuysen 25,009</emphasis>
(BOL, K); Plettenbergbaai, Robberg, (AB),
<date id="FFC61052FFF0FF80FA9DF8D5FA11D421" box="[1383,1470,1857,1876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="1975-04">Apr 1975</date>
,
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFF0FF80FCDFF8C8FC26D405" box="[805,905,1884,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Viljoen 105</emphasis>
(PRE).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>