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<document id="C6AF61CE634B892B5FAF9A71F01175E7" ID-CLB-Dataset="290635" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5419.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d4a40af2-a5bf-43ed-95e3-98c1fd6c2942" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10792055" ID-ZooBank="88353CBA-6C4D-40E3-8475-B1FCA2C48637" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1709795503569" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Holzmann, Maria, Barrenechea-Angeles, Inés, Lim, Swee-Cheng &amp; Pawlowski, Jan" docDate="2024" docId="03A987A17B51AF7066C44755FA87DB1D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5419.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5419 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5419.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stereodiktyoma Gooday &amp; Holzmann 2024, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="825B89AF-EE43-49FD-8781-D65751C9FC2A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="170" masterDocId="FF90FFD97B43AF636653407FFF99D97C" masterDocTitle="New xenophyophores (Foraminifera, Monothalamea) from the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone (equatorial Pacific)" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="169" updateTime="1716408230761" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DD8A2B60E59B408B574276DCD01722C6">New xenophyophores (Foraminifera, Monothalamea) from the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone (equatorial Pacific)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="61264845C9EF3A8556AEFBF3CE1B2A20">Holzmann, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4AF3B84698BC1FC0CAED936F7A39B25E">Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BD30F7224AF39854252DB67B6FCEC382" type="email">olzmann@unige.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6F4928329946B477CAA762CEF2EFFF6E">Barrenechea-Angeles, Inés</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4E5EBD654569AC0C87CC2164204A1A7A">Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Geneva, Switzerland. &amp; Department of Geosciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Dramsvegen 201, 9037 TromsØ, Norway.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="76AB066D1C3AA617D1C35D7C27B183A1">Lim, Swee-Cheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9E0BC73A267BB8F9FB39AB6EEA38422C">Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore. &amp; Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="88AEFEEC05ED7C45B60CC2FA2C59D21D">Pawlowski, Jan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B666368B2FDE89F01B80C4CAFA25DF35">Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 81 - 712 Sopot, Poland. &amp; ID-Gene Ecodiagnostics, Chemin du Pont-du-Centenaire 109, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="D2DC5D77365A9EB68A1BBFCDD08DCEEB">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A987A17B51AF7066C44755FA87DB1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11247636" ID-GBIF-Taxon="222869761" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11247636" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:825B89AF-EE43-49FD-8781-D65751C9FC2A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A987A17B51AF7066C44755FA87DB1D" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B51AF7166C44755FD43DE39" box="[151,730,1834,1861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B51AF7166C44755FD43DE39" blockId="18.[151,730,1834,1861]" box="[151,730,1834,1861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
<heading id="D0F781DB7B51AF7166C44755FD43DE39" bold="true" box="[151,730,1834,1861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B51AF7166C44755FD43DE39" bold="true" box="[151,730,1834,1861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B51AF7166C44755FDFCDE39" ID-CoL="C8F7Q" authority="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,613,1834,1861]" class="Monothalamea" family="Syringamminidae" genus="Stereodiktyoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B51AF7166C44755FECBDE39" bold="true" box="[151,338,1834,1861]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Stereodiktyoma</emphasis>
Gooday &amp; Holzmann
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757DE7B51AF71643E4754FD43DE39" box="[621,730,1835,1861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B51AF7166C4470DFCEDDECD" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="B974EAA57B51AF7166C4470DFE93DEF0" bold="true" box="[151,266,1906,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Test attached, delicate, forming a complex three-dimensional network of tubular elements, not arranged according to any particular pattern. Wall soft, finely agglutinated.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B51AF71669447C4FC43DE85" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B51AF71669447C4FC43DE85" blockId="18.[151,1436,1906,2041]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B51AF71669447C4FED1DEA9" bold="true" box="[199,328,1979,2005]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Etymology</emphasis>
. From the Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós), literally meaning “solid” but in this context three-dimensional, and the Greek diktyoma meaning a network. Gender neuter
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A653C7B50AF70669440E8FA87DB1D" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B50AF70669440E8FC7AD8AD" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF70669440E8FEA2D9CD" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF70671640E8FE6BD9CD" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2024" box="[325,498,151,177]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Stereodiktyoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF70671640E8FE6BD9CD" box="[325,498,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Stereodiktyoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has morphological characteristics that resemble those of several existing genera.
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF7066C440C4FF61D9A9" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,248,187,213]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Tendalia" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF7066C440C4FF61D9A9" box="[151,248,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Tendalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a reticulated arrangement of tubes, but these lie more or less in one plane and the walls are thinner, coarser-grained and more rigid and brittle than those of the new genus. In some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF7062C440A0FAA3D985" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" box="[1175,1338,223,249]" class="Monothalamea" family="Syringamminidae" genus="Syringammina" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF7062C440A0FAA3D985" box="[1175,1338,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Syringammina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, notably the
<typeStatus id="54BB88157B50AF706690417CFF6AD861" box="[195,243,259,285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">type</typeStatus>
species
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF70670B417CFEF7D861" box="[344,366,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">S.</emphasis>
fragilissima, the test comprises a three-dimensional system of tubes. However, like those of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF7066C44158FF61D83D" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,248,295,321]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Tendalia" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF7066C44158FF61D83D" box="[151,248,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Tendalia</emphasis>
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, the tubes are relatively thin-walled, rigid and brittle, as well as being arranged, at least peripherally, in a distinct pattern, with radial branches and anastomosing lateral branches (that) form consecutive layers (p.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B467B50AF7066E74110FED3D8F5" author="Tendal, O. S." box="[180,330,367,393]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" pagination="7 - 103" refId="ref22590" refString="Tendal, O. S. (1972) A monograph of the Xenophyophoria. Galathea Report, 12, 7 - 103, pls. 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1972">Tendal, 1972</bibRefCitation>
). The new genus is most similar morphologically to
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF7065CA4110FBF1D8F5" box="[921,1128,367,393]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Shinkaiya" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="lindsayi">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF7065CA4110FBF1D8F5" box="[921,1128,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Shinkaiya lindsayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, also the
<typeStatus id="54BB88157B50AF7062804110FA9AD8F5" box="[1235,1283,367,393]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">type</typeStatus>
species of its genus. This has a test comprising a meshwork of anastomosing tubes, the walls of which are relatively thick, fine-grained, soft delicate, and therefore quite similar to those of the new genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF36B77B50AF70669441A4FA87DB1D" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
There is no genetic support for a close relationship between
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF70651841A4FC61D889" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2024" box="[843,1016,475,501]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Stereodiktyoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF70651841A4FC61D889" box="[843,1016,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Stereodiktyoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and either
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF70623841A4FB40D889" authorityName="Lecroq, Gooday, Tsuchiya &amp; Pawlowski" authorityYear="2009" box="[1131,1241,475,501]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Shinkaiya" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF70623841A4FB40D889" box="[1131,1241,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Shinkaiya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF7062AA41A4FA05D889" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1883" box="[1273,1436,475,501]" class="Monothalamea" family="Syringamminidae" genus="Syringammina" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF7062AA41A4FA05D889" box="[1273,1436,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Syringammina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133B2A327B50AF7066CC4180FF78DB65" box="[159,225,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[166,1429,189,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,179,1874]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. PhyML phylogenetic tree based on the 3'end fragment of the SSU rRNA gene, showing the evolutionary relationships of 79 foraminiferal sequences belonging to monothalamids. Specimens marked in bold indicate those for which sequences were acquired during the present study. The tree is unrooted. Specimens are identified by their accession numbers. Numbers at nodes indicate bootstrap values (BVs). Only BVs&gt;70% are shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10792057" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10792057/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). It does branch in the same clade as
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF7064D04180FD7DDB65" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2017" box="[643,740,511,537]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Tendalia" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF7064D04180FD7DDB65" box="[643,740,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Tendalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although with no bootstrap (BV) support. The closest species to
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF7066E6425CFEFBDB41" authorityName="Gooday &amp; Holzmann" authorityYear="2024" box="[181,354,547,573]" class="Monothalamea" genus="Stereodiktyoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF7066E6425CFEFBDB41" box="[181,354,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Stereodiktyoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genetically is
<taxonomicName id="4C004D347B50AF70645B425CFD63DB41" box="[520,762,547,573]" class="Monothalamea" family="Psamminidae" genus="Galatheammina" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF70645B425CFD25DB41" box="[520,700,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Galatheammina</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
of
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B467B50AF706571425CFB87DB41" author="Gooday, A. J. &amp; Holzmann, M. &amp; Caulle, C. &amp; Goineau, A. &amp; Kamenskaya, O. E. &amp; Weber, A. A. - T. &amp; Pawlowski, J." box="[802,1054,547,573]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" pagination="106 - 116" refId="ref21609" refString="Gooday, A. J., Holzmann, M., Caulle, C., Goineau, A., Kamenskaya, O. E., Weber, A. A. - T. &amp; Pawlowski, J. (2017 a) Giant foraminifera (xenophyophores) are exceptionally diverse in parts of the abyssal eastern Pacific where seabed mining is likely to occur. Biological Conservation, 207, 106 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. biocon. 2017.01.006" type="journal article" year="2017">
Gooday
<emphasis id="B974EAA57B50AF7065D1425CFC2CDB41" box="[898,949,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">et al</emphasis>
. (2017a)
</bibRefCitation>
. This relationship is supported by 100% BV, but as explained below, there is very little morphological similarity between the two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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