447 lines
55 KiB
XML
447 lines
55 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5C2334015D9266218806218EAA7C916E">Taxonomic clarification of two Nearctic Strumigenys (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C32A65075566FFA145F3FD9EFDD7016E" box="[151,579,573,600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145F3FD9EFDD7016E" blockId="4.[151,579,573,636]" box="[151,579,573,600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
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<heading id="D0C781E05566FFA145F3FD9EFDD7016E" bold="true" box="[151,579,573,600]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA145F3FD9EFDD7016E" authority="Smith, 1935" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,579,573,600]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
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<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145F3FD9EFDD7016E" bold="true" box="[151,579,573,600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
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<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145F3FD9EFE3B016E" bold="true" box="[151,431,573,600]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA144D1FD9DFDD7016E" author="Smith, M. R." box="[437,579,573,600]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="214 - 216" refId="ref8610" refString="Smith, M. R. (1935) Two new species of North American Strumigenys (Formicidae: Hymenoptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 28, 214 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 28.2.214" type="journal article" year="1935">Smith, 1935</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32A65075566FFA145F3FDC2FEB0014A" box="[151,292,610,636]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145F3FDC2FEB0014A" blockId="4.[151,579,573,636]" box="[151,292,610,636]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B2A095566FFA145FBFDC2FE95014A" box="[159,257,610,636]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[464,1123,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[464,1123,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype worker of Strumigenys brevisetosa [USNM: USNMENT00533161] Photographed by Matthew Kweskin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3385599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130B2A095566FFA14469FDC2FE8F014A" box="[269,283,610,636]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1258,1283]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,197,1218]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,181,1233]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Map of Strumigenys brevisetosa specimens examined in this study. Filled circles are measured specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3385601/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">3</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32A65075566FFA145F3FD0BFD4B00F6" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145F3FD0BFDC00063" blockId="4.[151,1437,681,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2011A25566FFA145F3FD0BFDC00063" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA145F3FD0BFC2D01F2" authority="Smith, 1935: 215" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="215" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,953,681,709]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="clypeata" subGenus="Cephaloxys" variety="brevisetosa">
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<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145F3FD0BFEB501F3" box="[151,289,683,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Strumigenys</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14451FD0AFE2C01F2" box="[309,440,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Cephaloxys</emphasis>
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||
)
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||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA144AFFD0AFDBE01F2" box="[459,554,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">clypeata</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14702FD0AFD7101F2" box="[614,741,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">brevisetosa</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA1478BFD0AFC2D01F2" author="Smith, M. R." box="[751,953,681,708]" page="215" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1935">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA1478BFD0AFC2D01F2" author="Smith, M. R." box="[751,953,681,708]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="214 - 216" refId="ref8610" refString="Smith, M. R. (1935) Two new species of North American Strumigenys (Formicidae: Hymenoptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 28, 214 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 28.2.214" type="journal article" year="1935">Smith, 1935: 215</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="548B882E5566FFA146A3FD0AFBBB01F2" box="[967,1071,682,708]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker: Lucedale, George Co., MS,
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<collectingCountry id="F327761C5566FFA145B5FD6EFE9801DE" box="[209,268,718,744]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FF8E104C5566FFA1447EFD6EFE4E01DE" box="[282,474,718,744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" value="1932-01-17">17-January-1932</date>
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, sifting for beetles (Dietrich) [USNM, USNMENT00533161, examined]. Raised to species:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA14591FD53FDD5003A" author="Wesson, L. G. & Wesson, R. G." box="[245,577,754,781]" page="108" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1939">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA14591FD53FDD5003A" author="Wesson, L. G. & Wesson, R. G." box="[245,577,754,781]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="91 - 112" refId="ref8741" refString="Wesson, L. G. & Wesson, R. G. (1939) Notes on Strumigenys from southern Ohio, with descriptions of six new species. Psyche, 46, 91 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1939 / 94785" type="journal article" year="1939">Wesson & Wesson, 1939: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Description of queen:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA14625FD53FC6A003A" author="Brown, W. L." box="[833,1022,753,781]" page="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1953">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA14625FD53FC6A003A" author="Brown, W. L." box="[833,1022,753,781]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="1 - 137" refId="ref8229" refString="Brown, W. L. (1953) Revisionary Studies in the Ant Tribe Dacetini. American Midland Naturalist, 50, 1 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2422158" type="journal article" year="1953">Brown, 1953: 60</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Junior synonym of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA141B9FD52FE980006" authority=": Brown, 1964: 197" authorityName="Brown" authorityPageNumber="197" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilinasis">
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||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA141B9FD52FAA8003A" box="[1245,1340,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">pilinasis</emphasis>
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||
:
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA1402DFD53FE980006" author="Brown, W. L." page="197" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1964">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA1402DFD53FE980006" author="Brown, W. L." pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="183 - 200" refId="ref8266" refString="Brown, W. L. (1964) The Ant Genus Smithistruma: A First Supplement to the World Revision (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 89, 183 - 200." type="journal article" year="1964">Brown, 1964: 197</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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. In
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14453FCB7FDFD0007" authority="" box="[311,617,790,817]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Trichoscapa">
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<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14453FCB7FE550007" box="[311,449,791,817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Strumigenys</emphasis>
|
||
(
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<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA144B6FCB6FDC80006" box="[466,604,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Trichoscapa</emphasis>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA14712FCB6FCA80006" author="Smith, M. R." box="[630,828,789,816]" page="587" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1947">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA14712FCB6FCA80006" author="Smith, M. R." box="[630,828,789,816]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="521 - 647" refId="ref8658" refString="Smith, M. R. (1947) A generic and subgeneric synopsis of the United-States ants, based on the workers (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). American Midland Naturalist, 37, 521 - 647. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2421469" type="journal article" year="1947">Smith, 1947: 587</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA1462CFCB6FBA80006" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[840,1084,789,816]" page="304" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1950">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA1462CFCB6FBA80006" author="Creighton, W. S." box="[840,1084,789,816]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="1 - 585" refId="ref8306" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1950) The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 104, 1 - 585." type="journal article" year="1950">Creighton, 1950: 304</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; in
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14102FCB6FF500062" authority=": Smith, 1951: 827" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="827" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Smithistruma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14102FCB6FB6F0006" box="[1126,1275,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Smithistruma</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA1406FFCB6FF500062" author="Smith, M. R." page="827" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA1406FFCB6FF500062" author="Smith, M. R." pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="778 - 875" refId="ref8707" refString="Smith, M. R. (1951) Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico. Synoptic catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture. Agriculture Monograph, 2, 778 - 875." type="journal article" year="1951">Smith, 1951: 827</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA145B4FC9BFE040062" author="Brown, W. L." box="[208,400,825,853]" page="59" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1953">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA145B4FC9BFE040062" author="Brown, W. L." box="[208,400,825,853]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="1 - 137" refId="ref8229" refString="Brown, W. L. (1953) Revisionary Studies in the Ant Tribe Dacetini. American Midland Naturalist, 50, 1 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2422158" type="journal article" year="1953">Brown, 1953: 59</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA144FFFC99FDD90062" bold="true" box="[411,589,825,852]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Revived Status</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145A3FCFFFD4B00F6" blockId="4.[151,1437,681,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2011A25566FFA145A3FCFFFD4B00F6" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA145A3FCFFFC3B004E" authority="Wesson & Wesson, 1939: 94" authorityName="Wesson & Wesson" authorityPageNumber="94" authorityYear="1939" box="[199,943,862,889]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medialis" subGenus="Cephaloxys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145A3FCFFFEC5004F" box="[199,337,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Strumigenys</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14401FCFEFE7C004E" box="[357,488,862,888]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Cephaloxys</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA1449EFCFEFDCD004E" box="[506,601,862,888]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">medialis</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA14706FCFFFC3B004E" author="Wesson, L. G. & Wesson, R. G." box="[610,943,862,889]" page="94" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1939">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA14706FCFFFC3B004E" author="Wesson, L. G. & Wesson, R. G." box="[610,943,862,889]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="91 - 112" refId="ref8741" refString="Wesson, L. G. & Wesson, R. G. (1939) Notes on Strumigenys from southern Ohio, with descriptions of six new species. Psyche, 46, 91 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1939 / 94785" type="journal article" year="1939">Wesson & Wesson, 1939: 94</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 3, fig. 1.
|
||
<typeStatus id="548B882E5566FFA14135FCFEFB39004E" box="[1105,1197,862,888]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
workers:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F4F86E5566FFA14046FCFEFAC9004E" box="[1314,1373,862,888]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Ohio</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Pike County, Beaver [MCZC, four workers examined; USNM, one worker examined]. Junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14052FC22FEC800F6" authority=": Smith, 1951: 828" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="828" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14052FC22FA0100AA" box="[1334,1429,898,924]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">pilinasis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA145F3FC06FEC800F6" author="Smith, M. R." box="[151,348,933,960]" page="828" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA145F3FC06FEC800F6" author="Smith, M. R." box="[151,348,933,960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="778 - 875" refId="ref8707" refString="Smith, M. R. (1951) Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico. Synoptic catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture. Agriculture Monograph, 2, 778 - 875." type="journal article" year="1951">Smith, 1951: 828</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A91109D5566FFA1440CFC07FDBC00F6" author="Brown, W. L." box="[360,552,933,961]" page="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" year="1953">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA1440CFC07FDBC00F6" author="Brown, W. L." box="[360,552,933,961]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="1 - 137" refId="ref8229" refString="Brown, W. L. (1953) Revisionary Studies in the Ant Tribe Dacetini. American Midland Naturalist, 50, 1 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2422158" type="journal article" year="1953">Brown, 1953: 60</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14757FC06FD4B00F6" bold="true" box="[563,735,933,960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">New Synonym</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32A65075566FFA245A3FC69FE22000D" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145A3FC69FAA507D7" blockId="4.[151,1437,681,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145A3FC69FED600D2" bold="true" box="[199,322,969,996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14423FC6BFDC300D2" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[327,599,970,997]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14423FC6BFDC300D2" box="[327,599,970,997]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily distinguished from most Nearctic species by the presence of a distinct peripheral groove that runs the entire free margin of the clypeus, placing it in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14110FC4EFB47073E" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[1140,1235,1006,1032]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14110FC4EFB47073E" box="[1140,1235,1006,1032]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Of species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA145B8FBB2FEAF071A" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[220,315,1042,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145B8FBB2FEAF071A" box="[220,315,1042,1068]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group it is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14702FBB3FCEF071A" authority="M. R. Smith" authorityName="M. R. Smith" box="[614,891,1042,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14702FBB3FD66071A" box="[614,754,1042,1069]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">S. laevinasis</emphasis>
|
||
M.R. Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA146D5FBB3FB7A071A" authority="Roger. Members" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[945,1262,1042,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA146D5FBB3FBBF071A" box="[945,1067,1042,1069]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">S. clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
Roger. Members
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14076FBB3FE820766" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14076FBB3FE820766" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA1477BFB97FD3F0766" box="[543,683,1078,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA1477BFB97FD3F0766" box="[543,683,1078,1105]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">S. laevinasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their linear-spatulate pilosity on dorsum and free margins of the clypeus (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA1447AFBFBFE3F0742" box="[286,427,1114,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA1447AFBFBFE3F0742" box="[286,427,1114,1141]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">S. laevinasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
these hairs are fine and never expanded along their lengths).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA1410BFBFBFA150742" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[1135,1409,1114,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA1410BFBFBFA150742" box="[1135,1409,1114,1141]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA1440BFBDFFE7C07AE" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[367,488,1150,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA1440BFBDFFE7C07AE" box="[367,488,1150,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">S. clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the elevated positioning and elongated hairs on the clypeal dorsum (in
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14078FBDFFA0807AE" box="[1308,1436,1150,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14078FBDFFA0C07AE" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[1308,1432,1150,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">S. clypeata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal clypeal hairs are scale-like spatulate hairs that are tightly appressed), as well as the longer more linear hairs on the free margins of their clypeus (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14736FB67FD5907D6" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[594,717,1222,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14736FB67FD5907D6" box="[594,717,1222,1249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">S. clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this fringe of hairs are spatulate, not linear spatulate).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145A3FB4AFF7A067A" blockId="4.[151,1437,681,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145A3FB4AFE730632" bold="true" box="[199,487,1258,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548B882E5566FFA145A3FB4AFEA00632" box="[199,308,1258,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
measurements
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: HL = 0.656; HW = 0.435;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED21AE495566FFA14644FB4BFCDD0633" box="[800,841,1259,1285]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">ML</collectionCode>
|
||
= 0.133;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED21AE495566FFA146D1FB4BFC4A0633" box="[949,990,1259,1285]" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">PW</collectionCode>
|
||
= 0.289; SL = 0.359; FL = 0.477; HT = 0.32; EL = 0.055; TL = 2.477; WL = 0.641; CI = 66.3; MI = 20.3; SI = 82.5; Clypeal width =0.230; Clypeal length =0.219.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145A3FAF6FDCD06EB" blockId="4.[151,1437,681,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145A3FAF6FE7A0646" bold="true" box="[199,494,1366,1392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Non-type measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(n =
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D36FD055566FFA1475EFAF6FD560647" box="[570,706,1366,1393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" type="worker">29 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
). HL =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA14642FAF5FCFC0646" box="[806,872,1365,1392]" degrees="0.554" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="0.554">0.554</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA1460CFAF5FC260646" box="[872,946,1365,1392]" degrees="0.696" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-0.696">-0.696</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.628); HW =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA1410EFAF5FB3F0646" box="[1130,1195,1365,1392]" degrees="0.365" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="0.365">0.365</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA141CFFAF5FB610646" box="[1195,1269,1365,1392]" degrees="0.428" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-0.428">-0.428</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.402);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B583CD15566FFA14033FAF7FD3206A2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2382463985" collectionCode="ML, PW" latitude="0.234" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-0.335" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED21AE495566FFA14033FAF7FA140647" box="[1367,1408,1367,1393]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">ML</collectionCode>
|
||
= 0.09-0.134(0.104);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED21AE495566FFA14413FADBFE3406A3" box="[375,416,1403,1429]" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">PW</collectionCode>
|
||
=
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA144ADFAD9FD9806A2" box="[457,524,1401,1428]" degrees="0.234" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="0.234">0.234</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA14768FAD9FDC106A2" box="[524,597,1401,1428]" degrees="0.335" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-0.335">-0.335</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.283)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; SL = 0.272-0.35(0.317); FL = 0.36-0.471(0.418); HT =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA14030FADAFA0106A2" box="[1364,1429,1402,1428]" degrees="0.279" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="0.279">0.279</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA140F1FADAFF4E068E" degrees="0.338" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-0.338">- 0.338</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.311); EL =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA14412FA3DFE23068E" box="[374,439,1437,1464]" degrees="0.035" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="0.035">0.035</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA144DCFA3DFD95068E" box="[440,513,1437,1464]" degrees="0.076" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-0.076">-0.076</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.054); TL =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA147FBFA3DFD75068E" box="[671,737,1437,1464]" degrees="2.319" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="2.319">2.319</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA14785FA3DFCBE068E" box="[737,810,1437,1464]" degrees="2.815" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-2.815">-2.815</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(2.608); WL =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA146B4FA3DFB87068E" box="[976,1043,1437,1464]" degrees="0.527" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="0.527">0.527</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA14177FA3DFBC9068E" box="[1043,1117,1437,1464]" degrees="0.678" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-0.678">-0.678</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.61); CI = 60.8-68(64); MI = 13.8-20.2(16.8); SI = 73.1-86.1(80.6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145A3FA45FEFB055B" blockId="4.[151,1437,681,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145A3FA45FECD0536" bold="true" box="[199,345,1509,1536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14404FA47FDE50536" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[352,625,1510,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14404FA47FDE50536" box="[352,625,1510,1537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA1467AFA46FCE90536" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[798,893,1510,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA1467AFA46FCE90536" box="[798,893,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group, sharing the diagnostic peripheral clypeal groove common to that group. For the description of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA1460CF9AAFC530512" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[872,967,1546,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA1460CF9AAFC530512" box="[872,967,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5566FFA141F3F9AAFAAC0512" author="Bolton, B." box="[1175,1336,1546,1572]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" pagination="1 - 1028" refId="ref8164" refString="Bolton, B. (2000) The ant tribe Dacetini. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 65, 1 - 1028." type="journal article" year="2000">Bolton (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The following description accounts for variation among all examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA14691F98FFB04057E" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[1013,1168,1582,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA14691F98FFB04057E" box="[1013,1168,1582,1609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">S. brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the definition of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA145A4F9F2FE8B055A" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[192,287,1618,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA145A4F9F2FE8B055A" box="[192,287,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145A3F9D6FF730416" blockId="4.[151,1437,681,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
Mandibles with acute triangular basal lamella followed by a minute to absent diastemmic gap (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA141BEF9D5FA8805A6" box="[1242,1308,1653,1680]" degrees="0.002" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="0.002">0.002</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA14078F9D5FAF105A6" box="[1308,1381,1653,1680]" degrees="0.015" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-0.015">-0.015</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) that is almost always shorter than the first principle tooth. Basal tooth is followed by five principle teeth. Counting from base of mandible, first three teeth increase in size followed by a shorter fourth tooth and fifth tooth that is similar in sized as tooth two. Clypeus varies from longer than broad to broader than long (clypeal width/length n=31,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA14030F942FA0105CA" box="[1364,1429,1762,1788]" degrees="0.879" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="0.879">0.879</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE04504B5566FFA140F1F942FF4F0416" degrees="1.174" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" precision="55" value="-1.174">- 1.174</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5566FFA145A3F88BFCC104CE" blockId="4.[151,1437,681,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">
|
||
In profile, pronotum evenly rounded and continuous with mesonotum, metanotal groove weakly impressed to absent. Propodeal teeth are well developed and triangular-spiniform to triangular. Lamella on declivitous face of propodeum between spine and lobe of metapleural gland narrow and never approaching length of tooth (rarely extending more than half the tooth length). Spongiform tissue is typical of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5566FFA1417DF836FBEC0486" authorityName="Roger. Members" authorityYear="1863" box="[1049,1144,1942,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5566FFA1417DF836FBEC0486" box="[1049,1144,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="405">clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, well developed as a ventral flange along the petiole, as a ventral and posterior lobe of the petiolar node, as a ventral process of the postpetiole, and as a collar surrounding the disc of postpetiole.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4F66045567FFA045F3F839FF5D04E0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3385599/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" startId="5.[151,250,1945,1970]" targetBox="[464,1123,181,1920]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5567FFA045F3F839FF5D04E0" blockId="5.[151,1436,1945,2006]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5567FFA045F3F839FE820484" bold="true" box="[151,278,1945,1970]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype worker of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5567FFA04491F83AFD790484" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[501,749,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5567FFA04491F83AFD790484" box="[501,749,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[USNM: USNMENT00533161] Photographed by Matthew Kweskin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF4F66045564FFA345F3FB4AFAD90635" box="[151,1357,1258,1283]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3385601/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" startId="6.[151,250,1258,1283]" targetBox="[161,1428,197,1218]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5564FFA345F3FB4AFAD90635" blockId="6.[151,1357,1258,1283]" box="[151,1357,1258,1283]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA345F3FB4AFE870635" bold="true" box="[151,275,1258,1283]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA3440EFB4CFDCB0635" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[362,607,1259,1283]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA3440EFB4CFDCB0635" box="[362,607,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens examined in this study. Filled circles are measured specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5564FFA345A3FA91FB8605A6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1329,2040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Pilosity. Clypeal dorsum and free margins of clypeus with linear-spatulate hairs. Those on dorsum vary but are slightly to moderately elevated and never tightly appressed. Hairs on free margin of clypeus vary in shape from finely to broadly linear-spatulate but are never simple. Ground pilosity of head and mesosoma consists of numerous arched simple hairs tending to orient medially, hairs on gastral tergites subflagellate to flagellate. Differentiated standing flagellate hairs vary as follows, scrobal margin with 1-2 (one pair always present at apicoscrobal position and if a second pair is present it occurs at near the midlength of the scrobal margin); dorsum of head with 2 and sometimes 3 pairs of hairs near posterior margin of head (one pair straddling the midline, one pair at posterior-most position of occipital lobes, and sometimes a pair between); humeral hair present as well as another pair present on dorsum of pronotum, and 1-2 pairs present on mesonotum; fore-tibia usually with no hairs but some specimens having up to two hairs; mesa- and meta- femur, tibia, and basitarsi with one to two.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5564FFA345A3F939FF560475" blockId="6.[151,1437,1329,2040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Sculpture. Clypeus varies from punctate to smooth. Head and dorsum of mesosoma are reticulopunctate. Side of pronotum usually to punctate with heavier rugulo-striate sculpture but some specimens with a large smooth patch; the side of mesonotum and propodeum smooth and shining. Abdomen with well-developed basigastral costulae that extend near a third of the length of the first gastral tergite; the remainder of the abdomen free of sculpture and shining.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5564FFA245A3F8EDFE5D01B1" blockId="6.[151,1437,1329,2040]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,153,827]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA345A3F8EDFEDB045E" bold="true" box="[199,335,1869,1896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
There is a fairly long history of confusion in the species concept of
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA34127F8EEFACD045E" box="[1091,1369,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA34127F8EEFAC1045E" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[1091,1365,1870,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">Strumigenys brevisetosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
It has the most variable clypeal hair and clypeal shape of any North American
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA346A4F8D2FBC604BA" box="[960,1106,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA346A4F8D2FBDA04BA" authorityName=": Baroni Urbani & De Andrade" authorityYear="2007" box="[960,1102,1906,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strumigenys</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
It is likely that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA34066F8D2FA0904BA" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[1282,1437,1906,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA34066F8D2FA0904BA" box="[1282,1437,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a single species that has hybridized or still hybridizes with both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA346E4F836FB980486" box="[896,1036,1942,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA346E4F836FB980486" box="[896,1036,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. laevinasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA34127F836FAF70486" authority="(Brown 1964)" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[1091,1379,1941,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA34127F836FB2A0486" box="[1091,1214,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5564FFA341A9F836FACF0486" author="Brown, W. L." box="[1229,1371,1941,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="183 - 200" refId="ref8266" refString="Brown, W. L. (1964) The Ant Genus Smithistruma: A First Supplement to the World Revision (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 89, 183 - 200." type="journal article" year="1964">Brown 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is also possible
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA34455F81AFE5904E2" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[305,461,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA34455F81AFE5904E2" box="[305,461,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
contains more than one cryptic species: one or two that are more closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA340E3F81AFE9304CE" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA340E3F81AFE9304CE" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">S. laevinasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and one that is more closely related to
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA347DDF87EFBA504CE" box="[697,1073,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA347DDF87EFCA304CE" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[697,823,2014,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">S. clypeata</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA34625F87EFBA504CE" authorityName="Wesson & Wesson" authorityYear="1939" box="[833,1073,2014,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medialis">Strumigenys medialis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5564FFA34070F87EFA0604CE" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[1300,1426,2014,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5564FFA34070F87EFA0604CE" box="[1300,1426,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) originally referred to species more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA247C6FF39FCA40385" box="[674,816,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA247C6FF39FCA40385" box="[674,816,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">S. laevinasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA24608FF39FBEA0385" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[876,1150,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA24608FF39FBEA0385" box="[876,1150,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
referred to species more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA2446DFF1DFDBD03EE" authority="(Brown 1964)" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[265,553,189,216]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA2446DFF1DFE1003E1" box="[265,388,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">S. clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5565FFA244F6FF1DFDB403EE" author="Brown, W. L." box="[402,544,189,216]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" pagination="183 - 200" refId="ref8266" refString="Brown, W. L. (1964) The Ant Genus Smithistruma: A First Supplement to the World Revision (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 89, 183 - 200." type="journal article" year="1964">Brown 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Another potential closely related species, mentioned as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA241C1FF1DFABB03E1" authorityName=": Baroni Urbani & De Andrade" authorityYear="2007" box="[1189,1327,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA241C1FF1DFABB03E1" box="[1189,1327,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Strumigenys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
near
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA2400AFF1DFF4503CD" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA2400AFF1DFF4503CD" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">pilinasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), represents morphological variants that are closest to
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA246DDFF41FBD903CD" box="[953,1101,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA246DDFF41FBDD03CD" box="[953,1097,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevinasis">S. laevinasis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
However, after examining all of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548B882E5565FFA245BBFEA5FE9B0229" box="[223,271,261,287]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens, nearly all the collection material available to previous taxonomists, and additional new collections, it has become clear that there are no distinct morphological characters to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA241CEFE89FAD00275" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[1194,1348,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA241CEFE89FAD00275" box="[1194,1348,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">S. brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA240E3FE89FF620251" authorityName="Wesson & Wesson" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA240E3FE89FF620251" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">S. medialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and I retain it as combined for the same reasons as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5565FFA2465CFEEDFC42025E" author="Brown, W. L." box="[824,982,333,360]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" pagination="183 - 200" refId="ref8266" refString="Brown, W. L. (1964) The Ant Genus Smithistruma: A First Supplement to the World Revision (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 89, 183 - 200." type="journal article" year="1964">Brown (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
combined these two species. Specimens that are most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA244F9FED1FDBD02BD" box="[413,553,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevinasis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA244F9FED1FDBD02BD" box="[413,553,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">S. laevinasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tend to have one scrobal hair (at apical position, but this varies within the same nest series), have a smooth non-sculptured patch on the side of the pronotum, conical and stout teeth, and a clypeus that is longer than wide. Specimens that are more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA24620FE19FC5402E5" baseAuthorityName="Brown" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[836,960,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA24620FE19FC5402E5" box="[836,960,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">S. clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tend to have two scrobal hairs (one along midlength and one at apical position, though rarely a specimen will have only one at apicoscrobal position), the side of pronotum with punctate and striate sculpture and without a smooth patch, spiniform elongate teeth, and a clypeus that is wider than long. However, after looking at many more specimens than were available to my predecessors, it has become clear that none of these characters are stable and at this time I am reluctant to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA24065FDE9FA090155" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[1281,1437,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA24065FDE9FA090155" box="[1281,1437,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">S. brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into more than one species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5565FFA245A3FD31FD4801C5" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,827]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B7D5565FFA245A3FD31FE08019D" author="Brown, W. L." box="[199,412,657,683]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" pagination="183 - 200" refId="ref8266" refString="Brown, W. L. (1964) The Ant Genus Smithistruma: A First Supplement to the World Revision (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 89, 183 - 200." type="journal article" year="1964">Brown (1964: 199)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned a possible new species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA24658FD31FC52019D" authorityName=": Baroni Urbani & De Andrade" authorityYear="2007" box="[828,966,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA24658FD31FC52019D" box="[828,966,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Strumigenys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. near
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA2414DFD31FB33019D" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[1065,1191,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA2414DFD31FB33019D" box="[1065,1191,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on two worker collections (Karber’s Ridge, Perry County, IL [Sanderson & Standard]; and Urbana, Champaign County, IL [Tanquary]). I identify these as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D0F5565FFA244A1FD79FD4001C5" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1935" box="[453,724,729,755]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisetosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EA9E5565FFA244A1FD79FD4001C5" box="[453,724,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Strumigenys brevisetosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F368C5565FFA245A3FD5DFE22000D" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,827]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Due to the great variability of this species and the potential for future taxonomic revision, I provide a complete list of examined material.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |