309 lines
36 KiB
XML
309 lines
36 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="52B118AB3C55E42D7E67D1066C89E6B5">An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C7416214F4469ABDDF36EBFC41FC1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8273817" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212449949" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8273817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C7416214F4469ABDDF36EBFC41FC1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C7416214F4469ABDDF36EBFC41FC1A" lastPageId="173" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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<heading id="D099471814F4469BBDDF36EBFE3FFF2A" bold="true" box="[151,498,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F4469BBDDF36EBFE3FFF2A" authority="(Mader)" baseAuthorityName="Mader" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[151,498,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Macroilleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hauseri">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F4469BBDDF36EBFE3FFF2A" bold="true" box="[151,498,151,178]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F4469BBDDF36EBFE4FFF29" bold="true" box="[151,386,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Macroilleis hauseri</emphasis>
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(Mader)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F4469BBDDF36C7FECAFF4E" box="[151,263,187,213]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F4469BBDDF36C7FECAFF4E" blockId="172.[151,498,151,213]" box="[151,263,187,213]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF114F4469BBDD736C7FF32FF4E" box="[159,255,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 122" captionStartId="172.[151,250,1740,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,366,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-57@172.[151,1436,365,1716]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURE 122. Macroilleis hauseri (Mader): a, b. adult; c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, female; e. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, male; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex (Photo credits: a. K.C. Sajan; b. Geetha Iyer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261937/files/figure.png" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F4469BBDDF377CFE7DFECE" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F4469BBDDF377CFD12FE83" blockId="172.[151,1437,255,341]" box="[151,735,255,280]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14F4469BBDDF377CFD12FE83" box="[151,735,255,280]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514F4469BBDDF377CFE3FFE8C" author="Mader, L." box="[151,498,255,280]" page="162" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" year="1930">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F4469BBDDF377CFE3FFE8C" authority="Mader, 1930: 162" authorityName="Mader" authorityPageNumber="162" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,498,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Halyzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hauseri">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F4469BBDDF377CFEF5FE83" box="[151,312,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Halyzia hauseri</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B06FA2914F4469BBC77377CFE3FFE8C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4399052318" box="[319,498,255,280]" country="China" location="China" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" specimenCount="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F4469BBC77377CFE3FFE8C" author="Mader, L." box="[319,498,255,280]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" pagination="161 - 166" refId="ref117063" refString="Mader, L. (1930) Neue Coccinelliden aus Y ¸ n - nan und Sze - tschwan (China). Entomologischer Anzeiger, 10, 161 - 166." type="journal article" year="1930">Mader, 1930: 162</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54D54ED614F4469BBF48377CFDF9FE83" box="[512,564,256,280]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F4469BBFDB377CFD19FE83" box="[659,724,256,280]" name="China" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">China</collectingCountry>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F4469BBDDF3762FE7DFECE" blockId="172.[151,1437,255,341]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14F4469BBDDF3762FE7DFECE" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514F4469BBDDF3762FDE2FEAD" author="Miyatake, M." box="[151,559,286,310]" page="71" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" year="1965">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F4469BBDDF3762FDE2FEAD" authority=": Miyatake 1965: 71" authorityName="Miyatake" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,559,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Macroilleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hauseri">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F4469BBDDF3762FE93FEAD" box="[151,350,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Macroilleis hauseri</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F4469BBC243762FDE2FEAD" author="Miyatake, M." box="[364,559,286,310]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" pagination="50 - 74" refId="ref117611" refString="Miyatake, M. (1965) Some Coccinellidae (excluding Scymnini) of Formosa (Coleoptera). Special Bulletin of the Lepidopterists' Society of Japan, 1, 50 - 74." type="journal article" year="1965">Miyatake 1965: 71</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514F4469BBF723762FC62FEAD" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[570,943,286,310]" page="216" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" year="1982">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F4469BBF723762FC62FEAD" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[570,943,286,310]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refId="ref114042" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1982) Les Coccinelles Coleopteres-Coccinellidae. Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctique et Orientale. Boubee, Paris, 568 pp. [in French]" type="book" year="1982">Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982: 216–217</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; Hoang 1983: 39;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514F4469BB9233762FAFBFEAD" author="Poorani, J." box="[1131,1334,286,310]" page="342" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" year="2002">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F4469BB9233762FAFBFEAD" author="Poorani, J." box="[1131,1334,286,310]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" pagination="307 - 383" refId="ref118931" refString="Poorani, J. (2002 a) An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (excluding Epilachninae) of the Indian subregion. Oriental Insects, 36, 307 - 383. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2002.10417335" type="journal article" year="2002">Poorani 2002a: 342</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514F4469BB8083763FF3DFECE" author="Yu, G." page="152" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F4469BB8083763FF3DFECE" author="Yu, G." pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu 2010: 152</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514F4469BBDB33741FE61FECE" author="Li, J. & Slipinski, A. & Pang, H." box="[251,428,317,341]" page="17" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" year="2010">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F4469BBDB33741FE61FECE" author="Li, J. & Slipinski, A. & Pang, H." box="[251,428,317,341]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" pagination="15 - 21" refId="ref116822" refString="Li, J., Slipinski, A. & Pang, H. (2010) Revision of the genus Macroilleis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini). Annales Zoologici, 60 (1), 15 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345410 X 499470" type="journal article" year="2010">
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Li
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F4469BBC5F3742FE89FECE" box="[279,324,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2010: 17
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF11A0FC14F4469BBDDF30B0FE06F8B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261937/files/figure.png" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" startId="172.[151,250,1740,1764]" targetBox="[151,1436,366,1710]" targetPageId="172" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F4469BBDDF30B0FE06F8B7" blockId="172.[151,1437,1740,1836]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F4469BBDDF30B0FEE6F97F" bold="true" box="[151,299,1740,1764]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">FIGURE 122.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F4469BBC6730B0FD82F97F" authority="(Mader)" baseAuthorityName="Mader" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[303,591,1740,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Macroilleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hauseri">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F4469BBC6730B0FE39F97F" box="[303,500,1740,1764]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Macroilleis hauseri</emphasis>
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||
(Mader)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
: a, b. adult; c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, female; e. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, male; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex (Photo credits: a. K.C. Sajan; b. Geetha Iyer).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F4469ABDDF3102FD74FE86" lastPageId="173" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F4469ABDDF3102FD74FE86" blockId="172.[151,1437,1918,2017]" lastBlockId="173.[151,1437,151,897]" lastPageId="173" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F4469BBDDF3102FEDFF803" bold="true" box="[151,274,1918,1944]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
Length:
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||
<quantity id="4C965D9114F4469BBC353102FDEBF802" box="[381,550,1918,1945]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" unit="mm" value="6.65" valueMax="7.8" valueMin="5.5">5.50–7.80 mm</quantity>
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; width:
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<quantity id="4C965D9114F4469BBFCF3102FCFDF802" box="[647,816,1918,1945]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.949999999999999" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" unit="mm" value="4.949999999999999" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="4.1">4.10–5.80 mm</quantity>
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. Form elongate oval, widest around middle of elytra; dorsum moderately convex and glabrous. Dorsal side yellow, pronotum with a yellowish brown, indistinct to Mshaped marking, elytra bright yellow with four white to paler creamy yellow stripes, the first and second pair of stripes apically fused (
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||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114F5469ABCF436EBFD86FF2A" box="[444,587,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 122" captionStartId="172.[151,250,1740,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,366,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-57@172.[151,1436,365,1716]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURE 122. Macroilleis hauseri (Mader): a, b. adult; c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, female; e. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, male; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex (Photo credits: a. K.C. Sajan; b. Geetha Iyer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261937/files/figure.png" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Fig. 122a, b</figureCitation>
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||
). Prosternal carinae anteriorly incomplete. Abdominal postcoxal line very short and incomplete. Posterior margins of abdominal ventrite 5 posteriorly medially produced, ventrite 6 broadly rounded to subtruncate in female (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF114F5469ABF6836A3FD5EFF62" box="[544,659,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 122" captionStartId="172.[151,250,1740,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,366,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-57@172.[151,1436,365,1716]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURE 122. Macroilleis hauseri (Mader): a, b. adult; c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, female; e. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, male; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex (Photo credits: a. K.C. Sajan; b. Geetha Iyer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261937/files/figure.png" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Fig. 122d</figureCitation>
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||
); ventrite 5 and 6 broadly and very deeply emarginate in male (
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||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114F5469AB82736A3FF1FFE86" captionStart="FIGURE 122" captionStartId="172.[151,250,1740,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,366,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-57@172.[151,1436,365,1716]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURE 122. Macroilleis hauseri (Mader): a, b. adult; c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, female; e. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, male; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex (Photo credits: a. K.C. Sajan; b. Geetha Iyer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261937/files/figure.png" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Fig. 122e</figureCitation>
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||
). Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114F5469ABCDD377FFDD9FE86" box="[405,532,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 122" captionStartId="172.[151,250,1740,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,366,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-57@172.[151,1436,365,1716]" captionTargetPageId="172" captionText="FIGURE 122. Macroilleis hauseri (Mader): a, b. adult; c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, female; e. abdominal ventrites 5 and 6, male; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex (Photo credits: a. K.C. Sajan; b. Geetha Iyer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261937/files/figure.png" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Fig. 122f–i</figureCitation>
|
||
) as illustrated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F5469ABD8F375AFD7EFEFE" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F5469ABD8F375AFD7EFEFE" blockId="173.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABD8F375AFEACFEDB" bold="true" box="[199,353,294,320]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469ABC25375BFE66FEDA" box="[365,427,295,321]" name="India" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Northeastern region (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614F5469ABFFA375BFC5CFEDA" box="[690,913,295,321]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614F5469ABEE8375BFBD2FEDA" box="[928,1055,295,321]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614F5469AB978375BFB49FEDA" box="[1072,1156,295,321]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614F5469AB9DC375BFAE6FEDA" box="[1172,1323,295,321]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469AB80C375BFA55FEDA" box="[1348,1432,295,321]" name="Bhutan" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469ABDDF3737FF10FEFE" box="[151,221,331,357]" name="Nepal" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469ABDA13737FE81FEFE" box="[233,332,331,357]" name="Pakistan" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469ABC1F3737FE50FEFE" box="[343,413,331,357]" name="China" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469ABCE03737FE33FEFE" box="[424,510,331,357]" name="Taiwan" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469ABF403737FDA7FEFE" box="[520,618,331,357]" name="Vietnam" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469ABF3D3737FD62FEFE" box="[629,687,331,357]" name="Laos" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F5469ABD8F3713FA41FDFB" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F5469ABD8F3713FAD2FD82" blockId="173.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABD8F3713FE22FE13" bold="true" box="[199,495,366,393]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Prey / associated habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABCBE3713FDBBFE12" box="[502,630,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Macroilleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABCBE3713FDBBFE12" box="[502,630,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Macroilleis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a mycophagous genus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABEE73713FBF5FE12" baseAuthorityName="Iablokoff-Khnzorian" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[943,1080,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Coccinellini">Coccinellini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and probably feeds on powdery mildew fungi.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469ABC0837EFFE76FE36" author="Liu, C. L." box="[320,443,402,429]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref116899" refString="Liu, C. L. (1950) Studies on the feeding capacity and life history of a mycophagous coccinellid, Halyzia hauseri Mader in Kunming. Annales Entomologici Sinici, 1, 1 - 15. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1950">Liu (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
studied its life history in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469ABFA037EFFCE6FE36" box="[744,811,403,429]" name="China" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
on the mildew fungus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469AB97037EFFE46FE4A" authority="(Ellis & Everhart) Salmon." authorityName="Salmon." baseAuthorityName="Ellis & Everhart" class="Leotiomycetes" family="Erysiphaceae" genus="Podosphaera" kingdom="Fungi" order="Erysiphales" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="leucotricha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469AB97037EFFA9AFE36" box="[1080,1367,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Podosphaera leucotricha</emphasis>
|
||
(Ellis & Everhart) Salmon.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
The report by Khan
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABFC437CBFD04FE4A" box="[652,713,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006) recording
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABEEA37CBFBEDFE4A" baseAuthorityName="Mader" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[930,1056,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Macroilleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hauseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABEEA37CBFBEDFE4A" box="[930,1056,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">M. hauseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a predator of San José scale (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABDE937A7FDAEFE6E" authority="(Comstock))" baseAuthorityName="Comstock" box="[161,611,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Comstockaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perniciosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABDE937A7FE07FE6F" box="[161,458,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Comstockaspis perniciosa</emphasis>
|
||
(Comstock))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is probably erroneous and it is quite possible that the ladybeetle was actually feeding on sooty mould fungi growing on the honeydew produced by the scale (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469AB93E3783FADEFD82" author="Li, J. & Slipinski, A. & Pang, H." box="[1142,1299,511,537]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="15 - 21" refId="ref116822" refString="Li, J., Slipinski, A. & Pang, H. (2010) Revision of the genus Macroilleis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini). Annales Zoologici, 60 (1), 15 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345410 X 499470" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Li
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469AB9DF3783FB05FD82" box="[1175,1224,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F5469ABD8F345FFA41FDFB" blockId="173.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
Collected on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABC29345FFE07FDA6" box="[353,458,547,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABC29345FFE6CFDA6" box="[353,417,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Alnus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(label data). Attracted to light (label data). It is known to feed on powdery mildews, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABC40343BFE21FDFA" box="[264,492,583,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Phyllactinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corylea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABC40343BFE21FDFA" box="[264,492,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Phyllactinia corylea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABCB2343BFCDBFDFA" box="[506,790,583,609]" class="Leotiomycetes" family="Erysiphaceae" genus="Podosphaera" kingdom="Fungi" order="Erysiphales" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="leucotricha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABCB2343BFCDBFDFA" box="[506,790,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Podosphaera leucotricha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABE04343BFBACFDFA" box="[844,1121,583,609]" class="Leotiomycetes" family="Erysiphaceae" genus="Erysiphe" kingdom="Fungi" order="Erysiphales" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cichoracearum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABE04343BFBACFDFA" box="[844,1121,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Erysiphe cichoracearum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469AB927343BFB14FDFA" author="Liu, C. L." box="[1135,1241,582,609]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref116899" refString="Liu, C. L. (1950) Studies on the feeding capacity and life history of a mycophagous coccinellid, Halyzia hauseri Mader in Kunming. Annales Entomologici Sinici, 1, 1 - 15. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1950">Liu 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469AB9AD343BFAB3FDFA" author="Li, J. & Slipinski, A. & Pang, H." box="[1253,1406,583,609]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="15 - 21" refId="ref116822" refString="Li, J., Slipinski, A. & Pang, H. (2010) Revision of the genus Macroilleis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini). Annales Zoologici, 60 (1), 15 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345410 X 499470" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Li
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469AB84D343BFAFBFDFA" box="[1285,1334,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F5469ABD8F3417FCCEFC8E" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F5469ABD8F3417FCCEFC8E" blockId="173.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABD8F3417FEDCFD1E" bold="true" box="[199,273,619,645]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABC503417FE3FFD1E" baseAuthorityName="Mader" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[280,498,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Macroilleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hauseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABC503417FE3FFD1E" box="[280,498,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Macroilleis hauseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a superficial resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABE2B3417FB94FD1E" authority="Booth" authorityName="Booth" box="[867,1113,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaveola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABE2B3417FBC3FD1E" box="[867,1038,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Calvia flaveola</emphasis>
|
||
Booth
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and can be readily identified by the distinct elytral stripes that are often obsolete and not very clearly demarcated in the latter. The species described and illustrated as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABC8534CFFD6AFD56" baseAuthorityName="Mader" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[461,679,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Macroilleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hauseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABC8534CFFD6AFD56" box="[461,679,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Macroilleis hauseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Jammu & Kashmir by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469ABEA034CFFB59FD56" author="Kundoo, A. A." box="[1000,1172,691,717]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="ref116519" refString="Kundoo, A. A. (2019) Taxonomic studies on Coccinellidae in agro-ecosystems of Kashmir and Ladakh. Ph. D. Thesis, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Sopore, 87 + xvii pp." type="book" year="2019">Kundoo (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F5469AB98134CFFAE5FD56" box="[1225,1320,691,717]" name="Pakistan" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469AB81934CFFECBFD6A" author="Rafi, M. A. & Irshad, M. & Inayatullah, M." pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="ref120060" refString="Rafi, M. A., Irshad, M. & Inayatullah, M. (2005) Predatory ladybird beetles of Pakistan. National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, 105 pp." type="book" year="2005">
|
||
Rafi
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469AB8C034CFFF60FD6A" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469ABC7634ABFDD9FD6A" author="Hayat, A. & Khan, M. R. & Naz, F." box="[318,532,727,753]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="12 - 66" refId="ref113416" refString="Hayat, A., Khan, M. R. & Naz, F. (2017) Subfamilies Coccinellinae and Coccidullinae (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) with New Records from AJK, Pakistan. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 7 (4), 12 - 66." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Hayat
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABCC134ABFE76FD6A" box="[393,443,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is certainly
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABFE834ABFCE9FD6A" box="[672,804,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABFE834ABFCD2FD6A" box="[672,799,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaveola">C. flaveola</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Khan
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABE2734ABFC6CFD6A" box="[879,929,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2006) recorded it as a predator of San Jose scale which is likely to be based on a misidentification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F5469ABD8F3562FC41FCA2" box="[199,908,798,825]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F5469ABD8F3562FC41FCA2" blockId="173.[151,1437,151,897]" box="[199,908,798,825]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABD8F3562FE0CFCA2" bold="true" box="[199,449,798,825]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Collected during May–June (label data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F5469ABD8F353FFC41FC1A" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F5469ABD8F353FFC41FC1A" blockId="173.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABD8F353FFEDCFCC6" bold="true" box="[199,273,835,861]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469ABC5F353FFE1CFCC6" author="Miyatake, M." box="[279,465,834,861]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="50 - 74" refId="ref117611" refString="Miyatake, M. (1965) Some Coccinellidae (excluding Scymnini) of Formosa (Coleoptera). Special Bulletin of the Lepidopterists' Society of Japan, 1, 50 - 74." type="journal article" year="1965">Miyatake (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469ABF4E353FFD61FCC6" author="Li, J. & Slipinski, A. & Pang, H." box="[518,684,835,861]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="15 - 21" refId="ref116822" refString="Li, J., Slipinski, A. & Pang, H. (2010) Revision of the genus Macroilleis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini). Annales Zoologici, 60 (1), 15 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345410 X 499470" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Li
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469ABF6C353FFD91FCC6" box="[548,604,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described and illustrated this species in detail.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469AB9FB353FFAA3FCC6" author="Ren, S. X. & Wang, X. M. & Pang, H. & Peng, Z. Q. & Zeng, T." box="[1203,1390,835,861]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="ref120760" refString="Ren, S. X., Wang, X. M., Pang, H., Peng, Z. Q. & Zeng, T. (2009) Colored pictorial handbook of ladybird beetles in China. Science Press, Beijing, 336 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2009">
|
||
Ren
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F5469AB9AE353FFADBFCC6" box="[1254,1302,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F5469ABDDF351BFEC5FC1A" author="Yu, G." box="[151,264,871,897]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included it in their conspectus on Chinese
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F5469ABFA2351BFC45FC1A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" box="[746,904,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccinellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |