805 lines
89 KiB
XML
805 lines
89 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B156F8995B1C28696CE813B27F97FB21">Taxonomic utility of niche models in validating species concepts: A case study in Anthophora (Heliophila) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="482D8078F9ED7796B43544A86221CC94">Orr, Michael C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AE0F578EEA88B8C636430EA73F409821">Koch, Jonathan B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F6C9060594E5BC2873D83E1EBFA4F7A9">Biology Department, Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84321, USA. E-mail: jonathan. koch @ usu. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="825549612630F9E38249D470284070FF">USDA-ARS Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Logan, Utah, 84321, USA. E-mail: terry. griswold @ ars. usda. gov</mods:affiliation>
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var.
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var.
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<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B3EC973EEA7AFCDF" box="[393,527,866,888]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">ensenadensis</emphasis>
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|
||
<collectingCountry id="3BCAA6FCE62C3725B6B3973EED52FCDF" box="[1238,1319,866,888]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">México</collectingCountry>
|
||
; California
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="A3067C16E62C3725B2A297DDE9D0FC30" box="[199,421,897,919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Academy of Sciences</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="AA039EE0E62C3725B3CA97DDEA35FC30" box="[431,576,897,919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">San Francisco</collectingCounty>
|
||
, California, USA)
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0BC7B5E7E62C3724B2F29798ECAEFA88" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="420" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="4362E66CE62C3725B2F29798EC12FB5A" blockId="8.[151,1437,964,2033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B2F29798E964FC7A" bold="true" box="[151,273,964,989]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B3E19798EA38FC7B" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[388,589,964,988]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B3E19798EA38FC7B" box="[388,589,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Anthophora curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are easily separated from all Nearctic species, other than
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B6BE9798EDE9FC7B" box="[1243,1436,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B6BE9798EDEDFC7B" box="[1243,1432,964,988]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">A. squammulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by the apically truncate medial projection on T7. In other species, there is either a sharp pygidial plate or a pair of submedial projections. In addition to the distinctions in the key,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B1099050EBB2FB83" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[876,967,1036,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B1099050EBB2FB83" box="[876,967,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B6FE9050ED20FB83" box="[1179,1365,1036,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B6FE9050ED20FB83" box="[1179,1365,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. squammulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the thickness of the longitudinal clypeal maculation, which typically only equals a third or less of the height of the clypeus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B3779008E918FBCB" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[274,365,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B3779008E918FBCB" box="[274,365,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but usually about half that height in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B1739008EBA5FBCB" box="[790,976,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B1739008EBA5FBCB" box="[790,976,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. squammulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B1BA9008ECD2FBCB" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[991,1191,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B1BA9008ECD2FBCB" box="[991,1191,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Anthophora curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also typically lacks a supraclypeal maculation, while it is present in most specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B1F09024EC24FB37" box="[917,1105,1144,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B1F09024EC24FB37" box="[917,1105,1144,1168]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. squammulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The male genitalia are also distinct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DBE6FAE9E62C3725B29C90C0E91DFB12" box="[249,360,1180,1205]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,198,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-101@6.[227,1364,195,1867]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. The morphology of Anthophora curta and A. squammulosa, left and right respectively. a. The first submarginal cell of each lectotype. b. Dorsal view of the genital capsule. c. Sternite 7. d. Sternite 8. Wing images were taken at 100x magnification and genitalia images were taken at 150x magnification. Note that setae were removed from figures 3b-d to improve clarity of the structures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928639" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928639/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Fig. 3b–e</figureCitation>
|
||
). The gonostylus is more robust in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B09090C0EB3AFB13" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[757,847,1180,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B09090C0EB3AFB13" box="[757,847,1180,1204]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
overall, and the poorly scleritized digit near the end of the gonostylus is attached for half or less its length, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B139909CEC60FB7F" box="[860,1045,1216,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B139909CEC60FB7F" box="[860,1045,1216,1240]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. squammulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is attached for more than half its length. There are also differences in overall structure and tips of S7 and S8 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DBE6FAE9E62C3725B18990B8EC2EFB5A" box="[1004,1115,1252,1277]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,198,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-101@6.[227,1364,195,1867]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. The morphology of Anthophora curta and A. squammulosa, left and right respectively. a. The first submarginal cell of each lectotype. b. Dorsal view of the genital capsule. c. Sternite 7. d. Sternite 8. Wing images were taken at 100x magnification and genitalia images were taken at 150x magnification. Note that setae were removed from figures 3b-d to improve clarity of the structures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928639" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928639/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Fig. 3c–d</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4362E66CE62C3725B2A2915BEB44F9BA" blockId="8.[151,1437,964,2033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">
|
||
Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B3339154E9C2FA87" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[342,439,1288,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B3339154E9C2FA87" box="[342,439,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are separated from other species of Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B1819154ED71FA87" authority="" box="[996,1284,1287,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Heliophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B1819154EC1FFA87" box="[996,1130,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Anthophora</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B6E49154EC8CFA87" box="[1153,1273,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Heliophila</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, save for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B7E19154E944FAE3" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B7E19154E944FAE3" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. squammulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the unique combination of the following characters: basal bands of black setae on the metasomal terga; the lack of strongly curved or bent setae on the galea; the supraclypeal maculation either negligible or more often absent; the near-flat distal edge of the basitibial plate; the distinct presence of appressed, branched setae on T5; the very narrowly transparent apical rim of T4; and the relatively flat clypeus, which does not appear fully halfcircular in ventral view. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B06D91E0EAB3FA73" box="[520,710,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B06D91E0EAB3FA73" box="[520,710,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. squammulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is distinguished using the couplet above. In addition, the supraclypeal maculation is typically absent or weak in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B12191BCEBD3FA5F" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[836,934,1504,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B12191BCEBD3FA5F" box="[836,934,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and generally strong and distinct in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B7E191BCE944F9BB" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B7E191BCE944F9BB" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. squammulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although rarely such maculations are absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4362E66CE62C3724B2A2927BEBC8FF5F" blockId="8.[151,1437,964,2033]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1438,151,1760]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="420" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B2A2927BEAC8F9E7" bold="true" box="[199,701,1575,1600]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" reason="1">Geographical and ecoregion distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The geographical range of this species is quite broad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DBE6FAE9E62C3725B723927BEDFAF9E7" box="[1350,1423,1575,1600]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1848,1870]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,199,1819]" captionTargetId="figure-92@3.[151,1436,193,1827]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Localities and environmental niche distributions modeling of Anthophora curta and A. squammulosa. Anthophora curta is symbolized by dark green circles and A. squammulosa by dark blue triangles. The areas with>0.30 habitat suitability index are shaded green for A. curta and blue for A. squammulosa, with darker areas indicating higher suitability. The species A. curta and A. squammulosa are seen to be disjunct in Sinaloa, Mexico." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928637" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928637/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although it is difficult to identify absolute limits of distribution, the absence of this species in Utah, except on its southern border, despite extensive collection efforts throughout the state, is likely telling of its northern boundary there. Its northern limits to the east are likely farther south, in New
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8119288EE62C3725B1E992C8EB94F90A" box="[908,993,1684,1709]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
rather than Colorado. More collections are necessary in northern California, Nevada, and Oregon to discern the northern limits of the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B7E192E4E8A7F953" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B7E192E4E8A7F953" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in these three states, although it at least reaches southern Washington. It is highly unlikely that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B75B9280EDE9F953" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[1342,1436,1756,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B75B9280EDE9F953" box="[1342,1436,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranges farther east than Texas, but its limits within the state are unclear. This species ranges south throughout the Baja Peninsula and much of northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3BCAA6FCE62C3725B0249378EAEFF89A" box="[577,666,1828,1853]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
. There are too few collections to be certain of its southernmost limit in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3BCAA6FCE62C3725B2D1931BE979F8C7" box="[180,268,1863,1888]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, although it currently appears largely restricted to the Sonoran and Chihuahuan Deserts. Corresponding to its large geographical range,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B39F9330EA20F823" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[506,597,1900,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B39F9330EA20F823" box="[506,597,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also inhabits a wide variety of ecoregions, based on 541 unique locations. This species’ range spans a total of six WWF biomes encompassing 27 ecoregions. Two-thirds of all collection events (65%) are from 10 ecoregions in the Deserts & Xeric Shrublands biome.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62C3725B67693E8ECAFF86B" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[1043,1242,1972,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62C3725B67693E8ECAFF86B" box="[1043,1242,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="419">Anthophora curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also present in the Mediterranean Forests Woodlands, & Scrub biome, with 19% of collection events spread across three ecoregions. The remaining four biomes are primarily forest and grassland, accounting for 16% of all collection events (Temperate Conifer Forests; Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, & Shrublands; Tropical & Subtropical Coniferous Forests; and Tropical & Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4362E66CE62D3724B2A29558EA94FDC7" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2A29558E93CFEBA" bold="true" box="[199,329,260,285]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" reason="1">Phenology.</emphasis>
|
||
In the Mojave Desert, 73% of collection events took place in the spring and early summer (March through June). A similar trend exists in the adjacent Sonoran Desert, with 73% of collection events during the same spring period. Contrastingly, in the Chihuahuan Desert, 62% of all collection events occurred during August through October. Additional collections during spring in the Chihuahuan Desert and fall of the Sonoran Desert are necessary to confirm the apparent phenological differences for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B10495C8EBC9FE0B" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[865,956,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B10495C8EBC9FE0B" box="[865,956,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The phenology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6F995C8EC82FE0B" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[1180,1271,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6F995C8ECD8FE0C" box="[1180,1197,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6D995C9EC82FE0B" box="[1212,1271,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts appears similar to that of the Mediterranean ecoregions of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8119288EE62D3724B67C95EBECFEFE77" box="[1049,1163,439,464]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
from the Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub biome and the Temperature Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands biome, with 71% of collections events in these ecoregions during the same spring period. Despite the trend,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6B3965CED44FDBF" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[1238,1329,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6B3965CEC92FDB0" box="[1238,1255,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B693965DED44FDBF" box="[1270,1329,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected as late as November in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8119288EE62D3724B02E9678EAD0FD9A" box="[587,677,548,573]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
Mountains forests,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8119288EE62D3724B1EA9678EC74FD9A" box="[911,1025,548,573]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
montane chaparral and woodlands, Chihuahuan Desert, and Sonoran Desert ecoregions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4362E66CE62D3724B2A29630E964FD57" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2A29630E929FD22" bold="true" box="[199,348,620,645]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" reason="1">Floral hosts.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3019630EA5BFD23" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[356,558,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3019630EA5BFD23" box="[356,558,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Anthophora curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears broadly polylectic due to the long list of plant associations: 61 plant genera from 17 families. Despite this, past authors have suggested that females use only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6AB96D3ED3CFD0F" box="[1230,1353,655,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
pollen (Moldenke & Neff, 1974). Collated floral records support this (72% from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1BE96E8EC2EFD6A" box="[987,1115,692,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The known floral hosts are as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4362E66CE62D3724B2A296A0ECAEFA88" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2A296A0E900FCB2" box="[199,373,764,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3EF96A0EA78FCB4" box="[394,525,764,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Salsola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3EF96A0E9A9FCB3" box="[394,476,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Salsola</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B04596A0EAEEFCB2" box="[544,667,764,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0D596A0EBC0FCB3" box="[688,949,764,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Adenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0D596A0EBC0FCB3" box="[688,949,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Adenophyllum cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1AF96A0ECD7FCB3" box="[970,1186,764,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salicina">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1AF96A0ECD7FCB3" box="[970,1186,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Baccharis salicina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6D296A0EDE1FCB3" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1839" box="[1207,1428,764,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bahia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="absinthifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6D296A0EDE1FCB3" box="[1207,1428,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Bahia absinthifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2F2977CE9F7FC9F" box="[151,386,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Nolidae" genus="Baileya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multiradiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F2977CE9F7FC9F" box="[151,386,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Baileya multiradiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3F7977DEA4AFC9F" authorityName="Harv. & A.Gray ex A.Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[402,575,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Nolidae" genus="Baileya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pleniradiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3F7977DE9D6FC9F" box="[402,419,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3D1977CEA4AFC9F" box="[436,575,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">pleniradiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B02A977CEA86FC90" authorityName="Greene" authorityYear="1885" baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[591,755,800,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bebbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juncea">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B02A977CEA86FC90" box="[591,755,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Bebbia juncea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B166977DEB82FC9F" authorityName="Greene" authorityYear="1885" baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[771,1015,800,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bebbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="juncea" variety="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B166977DEB61FC9F" box="[771,788,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B141977CEB1AFC90" box="[804,879,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">juncea</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1CE977DEB82FC9F" box="[939,1015,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B66D977CECD7FC9F" box="[1032,1186,800,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B66D977CECD7FC9F" box="[1032,1186,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Bidens pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6D7977CEDE1FC9F" box="[1202,1428,800,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Carduus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuiflorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6D7977CEDE1FC9F" box="[1202,1428,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Carduus tenuiflorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2F29718E9FCFCFB" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[151,393,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Carthamus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tinctorius">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F29718E9FCFCFB" box="[151,393,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Carthamus tinctorius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3F99718EAE2FCFB" authorityName="Greene" authorityYear="1894" baseAuthorityName="Hook. & Arn." box="[412,663,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centromadia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pungens">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3F99718EAE2FCFB" box="[412,663,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Centromadia pungens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0CF9718EBB5FCFB" box="[682,960,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chaenactis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabriuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0CF9718EBB5FCFB" box="[682,960,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Chaenactis glabriuscula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1B69718ECA9FCFB" box="[979,1244,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chaetopappa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ericoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1B69718ECA9FCFB" box="[979,1244,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Chaetopappa ericoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6889718EDE3FCFC" box="[1261,1430,836,860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chrysopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6889718ED1CFCFB" box="[1261,1385,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Chrysopsis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2F29734E943FCD8" box="[151,310,872,895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Coreopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F29734E97DFCD8" box="[151,264,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Coreopsis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B32C9734EA3EFC27" box="[329,587,872,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Deinandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B32C9734EA3EFC27" box="[329,587,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Deinandra fasciculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B03A9734EB4EFC27" box="[607,827,872,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dieteria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B03A9734EB4EFC27" box="[607,827,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Dieteria canescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B12A9734EC58FC27" box="[847,1069,872,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Encelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="californica">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B12A9734EC58FC27" box="[847,1069,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Encelia californica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6249735ECB1FC27" box="[1089,1220,872,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Encelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="farinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6249735EC27FC27" box="[1089,1106,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6029734ECB1FC27" box="[1127,1220,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">farinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6BD9735ED05FC27" authorityName="A. Gray" authorityYear="1873" baseAuthorityName="A. Gray" box="[1240,1392,872,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Encelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6BD9735EC9CFC27" box="[1240,1257,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B69B9734ED05FC27" box="[1278,1392,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">frutescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B7E19735E964FC03" authorityName="A.Nelson" authorityYear="1904" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Encelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B7E19735EDE0FC27" box="[1412,1429,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F297D1E964FC03" box="[151,273,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B34D97D1E9C8FC04" box="[296,445,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B34D97D1E9F9FC03" box="[296,396,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Erigeron</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3B697D0EAA6FC03" box="[467,723,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnatifida">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3B697D0EAA6FC03" box="[467,723,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Gaillardia pinnatifida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B08F97D0EB0CFC03" box="[746,889,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B08F97D0EA8EFC04" box="[746,763,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B17497D0EB0CFC03" box="[785,889,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1F597D0EC5AFC04" box="[912,1071,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Grindelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1F597D0EB88FC03" box="[912,1021,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Grindelia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B62197D0ED18FC03" box="[1092,1389,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gutierrezia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B62197D0ED18FC03" box="[1092,1389,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Gutierrezia microcephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B7E197D0E976FC6F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gutierrezia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sarothrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B7E197D0EDE0FC04" box="[1412,1429,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F297ECE976FC6F" box="[151,259,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">sarothrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B37597ECE996FC6F" box="[272,483,944,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helianthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuus">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B37597ECE996FC6F" box="[272,483,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Helianthus annuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B39597ECEBB4FC6F" box="[496,961,944,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hemizonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="corymbosa" subSpecies="macrocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B39597ECEA9EFC6F" box="[496,747,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Hemizonia corymbosa</emphasis>
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B14797ECEBB4FC6F" box="[802,961,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">macrocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1AA97ECED06FC6F" box="[975,1395,944,968]" class="Monothalamea" family="Lagynidae" genus="Heterotheca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Allogromiida" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="subSpecies" species="subaxillaris" subSpecies="latifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1AA97ECEC97FC6F" box="[975,1250,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Heterotheca subaxillaris</emphasis>
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B77F97ECED06FC6F" box="[1306,1395,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B7E497EDE897FC4B" authorityName="Shinners" authorityYear="1951" baseAuthorityName="Pursh" class="Monothalamea" family="Lagynidae" genus="Heterotheca" kingdom="Chromista" order="Allogromiida" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B7E497EDEDE0FC6F" box="[1409,1429,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F29788E897FC4B" box="[151,226,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">villosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2959789EA76FC4B" authorityName="Hooker" authorityYear="1833" box="[240,515,980,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hymenopappus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2959789EA76FC4B" box="[240,515,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Hymenopappus filifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0769788EB7AFC4B" authorityName="A.Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[531,783,980,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hymenothrix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wislizeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0769788EB7AFC4B" box="[531,783,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Hymenothrix wislizeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B17B9789EB83FC4B" box="[798,1014,981,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Isocoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuisecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B17B9789EB83FC4B" box="[798,1014,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Isocoma tenuisecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6609788ECCCFC4C" box="[1029,1209,980,1004]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Malacothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6609788ECE5FC4B" box="[1029,1168,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Malacothrix</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6A39788ED0DFC4B" authorityName="B.L.Turner & M.I.Morris" authorityYear="1975" baseAuthorityName="M.E.Jones" box="[1222,1400,980,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Palafoxia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arida">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6A39788ED0DFC4B" box="[1222,1400,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Palafoxia arida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B7E29789E903FBA8" authorityName="B. L. Turner & M. I. Morris" authorityYear="1975" baseAuthorityName="M. E. Jones" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Palafoxia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="arida" variety="gigantea">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B7E29789EDE0FC4B" box="[1415,1429,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F297A4E8A1FBB7" box="[151,212,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">arida</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B37197A4E903FBA8" box="[276,374,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">gigantea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3EC97A4EA4DFBB7" authorityName="Harvey & A.Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[393,568,1016,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Pectis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papposa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3EC97A4EA4DFBB7" box="[393,568,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Pectis papposa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B02E97A4EB71FBA8" box="[587,772,1016,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Psilostrophe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B02E97A4EAA2FBB7" box="[587,727,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Psilostrophe</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B17097A4EC1DFBB7" box="[789,1128,1016,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Symphyotrichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B17097A4EC1DFBB7" box="[789,1128,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Symphyotrichum spathulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B61E97A4ED6FFBB7" box="[1147,1306,1016,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Symphyotrichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolium">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B61E97A4ECFCFBA8" box="[1147,1161,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6FE97A4ED6FFBB7" box="[1179,1306,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">tenuifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B74897A4E960FB93" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Verbesina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="encelioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B74897A4E960FB93" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Verbesina encelioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3419041E980FB93" authorityName="A.Gray" authorityYear="1861" box="[292,501,1052,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Viguiera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deltoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3419041E980FB93" box="[292,501,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Viguiera deltoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0609040EAE8FB92" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[517,669,1052,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Bignoniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0CB9040EB36FB94" box="[686,835,1052,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Chilopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0CB9040EB6DFB93" box="[686,792,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Chilopsis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1359040EB9DFB92" box="[848,1000,1052,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B19C9040ECCCFB94" box="[1017,1209,1052,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Heliotropium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B19C9040ECFAFB93" box="[1017,1167,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Heliotropium</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6A29040EDE0FB93" authorityName="Greene" authorityYear="1881" box="[1223,1429,1052,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Phacelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6A29040EDE0FB93" box="[1223,1429,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Phacelia coerulea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2F2901DE97FFBFF" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,266,1088,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Phacelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="distans">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F2901DE8D0FBFF" box="[151,165,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2DD901CE97FFBFF" box="[184,266,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">distans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B36F901CE97BFBFF" box="[266,270,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B37E901DE9E5FBFF" box="[283,400,1088,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Phacelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B37E901DE95CFBFF" box="[283,297,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B359901CE9E5FBFF" box="[316,400,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3C19063EA40FBFF" authorityName="G.T.Burnett" authorityYear="1835" box="[420,565,1087,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B02C901CEAA9FBF0" box="[585,732,1088,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Physaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B02C901CEADBFBFF" box="[585,686,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Physaria</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B08B9063EB02FBFF" box="[750,887,1087,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cleomaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Capparales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cleomaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1EE901CEC59FBF0" box="[907,1068,1088,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cleomaceae" genus="Cleomella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Capparales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1EE901CEB8BFBFF" box="[907,1022,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Cleomella</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B65B9063EC87FBFF" box="[1086,1266,1087,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convulvulaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Convulvulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B763901DEDE3FBF0" box="[1286,1430,1088,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B763901DED1DFBFF" box="[1286,1384,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Ipomoea</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2F29038E88AFBDA" box="[151,255,1124,1149]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B36B9038E9D7FBDB" box="[270,418,1124,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanata">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B36B9038E9D7FBDB" box="[270,418,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Dalea lanata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3D49039EAB3FBDB" box="[433,710,1124,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lanata" variety="terminalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3D49039E9B0FBDB" box="[433,453,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3B19038EA69FBDB" box="[468,540,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">lanata</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0319038EAB3FBDB" box="[596,710,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">terminalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0B09039EB22FBDB" box="[725,855,1124,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leporina">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0B09039EA9CFBDB" box="[725,745,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B09D9038EB22FBDB" box="[760,855,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">leporina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1009038EC55FBDB" box="[869,1056,1124,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Medicago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1009038EC55FBDB" box="[869,1056,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Medicago sativa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B64A9038ECB7FBDC" box="[1071,1218,1124,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melilotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B64A9038ECECFBDB" box="[1071,1177,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Melilotus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6AA9038EDE0FBDB" authorityName="Torrey & A.Gray ex A.Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[1231,1429,1124,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Parryella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6AA9038EDE0FBDB" box="[1231,1429,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Parryella filifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2F290D4E9C6FB07" authorityName="Rydberg" authorityYear="1919" baseAuthorityName="Pursh" box="[151,435,1160,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Psoralidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F290D4E9C6FB07" box="[151,435,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Psoralidium lanceolatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3A690D4EACDFB38" box="[451,696,1160,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Psorothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emoryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3A690D4EACDFB38" box="[451,696,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Psorothamnus emoryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0A290D5EB27FB38" box="[711,850,1160,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Psorothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scoparius">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0A290D5EAA0FB07" box="[711,725,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B08090D4EB27FB38" box="[741,850,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">scoparius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B10490D4EBA0FB38" box="[865,981,1160,1183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Loasaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B18090D4ECEAFB38" box="[997,1183,1160,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Cevallia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B18090D4ECEAFB38" box="[997,1183,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Cevallia sinuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6CB90D4EDE1FB07" authorityName="Nutt. & A.Gray" authorityYear="1849" baseAuthorityName="Nutt." box="[1198,1428,1160,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Mentzelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6CB90D4EDE1FB07" box="[1198,1428,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Mentzelia multiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2F290F0E965FB62" box="[151,272,1196,1221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B34090F0EA65FB63" box="[293,528,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Melochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tomentosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B34090F0EA65FB63" box="[293,528,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Melochia tomentosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B04190F0EB7EFB63" authorityName="Torr. ex A.Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[548,779,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sphaeralcea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emoryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B04190F0EB7EFB63" box="[548,779,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Sphaeralcea emoryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B14590F0EB85FB63" box="[800,1008,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sphaeralcea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grossulariifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B14590F0EB5BFB64" box="[800,814,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B12690F0EB85FB63" box="[835,1008,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">grossulariifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B66090F0ECDFFB62" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[1029,1194,1196,1221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Nyctaginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6DA90F0EDE1FB63" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1759" box="[1215,1428,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Allionia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incarnata">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6DA90F0EDE1FB63" box="[1215,1428,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Allionia incarnata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2F2908CE95AFB40" box="[151,303,1232,1255]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Papaveraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B327908CE994FB40" box="[322,481,1232,1255]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Argemone" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B327908CE9C1FB40" box="[322,436,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Argemone</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3979093EAEFFB4F" box="[498,666,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Plantaginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0C8908DEB91FB4F" box="[685,996,1232,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Penstemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="centranthifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0C8908DEB91FB4F" box="[685,996,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Penstemon centranthifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1929093ECD4FB4F" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[1015,1185,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polemoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Polemoniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6D1908CED27FB40" box="[1204,1362,1232,1255]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polemoniaceae" genus="Eriastrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6D1908CED53FB40" box="[1204,1318,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Eriastrum</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B707908CE88CFAAB" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B707908CE883FAAB" authorityName="Sims" authorityYear="1826" class="Hydrozoa" family="Diphyidae" genus="Gilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="capitata">Gilia capitata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B36090A9EAFFFAAB" authority="ssp. congesta" box="[261,650,1268,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polemoniaceae" genus="Ipomopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="congesta" subSpecies="congesta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B36090A9E993FAAB" box="[261,486,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Ipomopsis congesta</emphasis>
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B04390A9EAFFFAAB" box="[550,650,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">congesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0F990A8EB4DFAAA" box="[668,824,1268,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B12E90A8EC3DFAAB" box="[843,1096,1268,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Chorizanthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="douglasii">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B12E90A8EC3DFAAB" box="[843,1096,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Chorizanthe douglasii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B63F90A9ED07FAAB" box="[1114,1394,1268,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Eriogonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gypsophilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B63F90A9ED07FAAB" box="[1114,1394,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Eriogonum gypsophilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B7E190A9E89DFA97" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Eriogonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseum">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B7E190A9EDE0FAAB" box="[1412,1429,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F29145E89DFA97" box="[151,232,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">roseum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B2939145E908FA97" box="[246,381,1304,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Eriogonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polygonales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichopes">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2939145E972FA97" box="[246,263,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3709144E908FA97" box="[277,381,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">trichopes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B3E99144E983FA88" box="[396,502,1304,1327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0609144EACDFA88" box="[517,696,1304,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Adenostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0609144EAFAFA97" box="[517,655,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Adenostoma</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0A19144EBE2FA97" box="[708,919,1304,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Fallugia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0A19144EBE2FA97" box="[708,919,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Fallugia paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1C0914BEC2DFA97" box="[933,1112,1303,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Zygophyllaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zygophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Zygophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6029145ECAEFA88" box="[1127,1243,1304,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Larrea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zygophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6029145ECC6FA97" box="[1127,1203,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Larrea</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0BC7B5E7E62D3724B2A29160E97FF947" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="4362E66CE62D3724B2A29160E97FF947" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2A29160E93AFAF2" bold="true" box="[199,335,1340,1365]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" reason="1">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B33C9160EA50FAF3" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[345,549,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B33C9160EA50FAF3" box="[345,549,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Anthophora curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more variable than most other species of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6B69160ED3EFAF3" box="[1235,1355,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Heliophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6B69160ED3EFAF3" box="[1235,1355,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Heliophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, likely owing to its large distribution. This is only problematic in the females, given the ease of identification for the male of this species. In the female, the supraclypeus almost always lacks a light integumental marking. There are a few specimens in which there is a negligible dot of light integument centrally at the border with the clypeus. The extent of the apical bands of appressed setae of the metasomal terga is variable in both sexes, from narrow bands restricted to the apical rims to covering the majority of the terga. This character is more evident in females as the band variation is more constrained in males. The bands are generally narrower in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8119288EE62D3724B67F9248ECFAF98A" box="[1050,1167,1556,1581]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, while they are thicker eastward in eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8119288EE62D3724B31A926BE9A9F9F7" box="[383,476,1591,1616]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8119288EE62D3724B38E9264EAF6F9F7" box="[491,643,1591,1616]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8119288EE62D3724B0A19264EB7DF9E8" box="[708,776,1592,1615]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The synonyms
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B1AC9264ECBBF9F7" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1926" box="[969,1230,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="curta" variety="melanops">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1AC9264EC53F9F7" box="[969,1062,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6069264ECBBF9F7" box="[1123,1230,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">melanops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B7699264E95EF9D3" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1941" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="curta" variety="ensenadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B7699264ED1FF9F7" box="[1292,1386,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F29200E95EF9D3" box="[151,299,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">ensenadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0689200EA12F9D3" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[525,615,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0689200EA12F9D3" box="[525,615,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
following examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9C6658CEE62D3724B1D89200EB8EF9D3" box="[957,1019,1628,1652]" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">types</typeStatus>
|
||
. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B6129200EDE9F9D3" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1941" box="[1143,1436,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="curta" variety="ensenadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B6129200ECA7F9D3" box="[1143,1234,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B76D9200EDE9F9D3" box="[1288,1436,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">ensenadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was previously synonymized with
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B05792DCEAEDF93F" box="[562,664,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B05792DCEAE1F93F" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[562,660,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">A. curta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B0C092DCEBC4F93F" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1926" box="[677,945,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="curta" variety="melanops">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B0C092DCEB70F93F" box="[677,773,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B12392DCEBC4F93F" box="[838,945,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">melanops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B1DB92DCEC21F93F" box="[958,1108,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B19192DCEC21F93F" authorityName="Provancher" authorityYear="1895" box="[1012,1108,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">A. curta</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B7E192DCE944F91B" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squammulosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B7E192DCE944F91B" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A. squammulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the same time (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="274C9B9DE62D3724B06592F8EAC0F91A" author="Michener, C. D." box="[512,693,1700,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" pagination="1043 - 1255" refId="ref9210" refString="Michener, C. D. (1951) Superfamily Apoidea. In: Muesebeck, C. F. W. & Krombein, K. V. (Eds.), Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico-Synoptic Catalog. U. S. D. A. Monograph no. 2, Washington, D. C., pp. 1043 - 1255." type="book chapter" year="1951">Michener, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="274C9B9DE62D3724B0A792F8EB28F91A" author="Brooks, R. W." box="[706,861,1700,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" pagination="436 - 575" refId="ref8116" refString="Brooks, R. W. (1988) Systematics and Phylogeny of the Anthophorine Bees (Hymenoptera; Anthophoridae; Anthophorini). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 53, 436 - 575." type="journal article" year="1988">Brooks, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As such, this is a new synonymy for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84DD9DEFE62D3724B77792F8E973F947" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Anthophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="curta" variety="melanops">
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B77792F8ED18F91B" box="[1298,1389,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">A. curta</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B2F29294E973F947" box="[151,262,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">melanops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="71A93A7EE62D3724B3639294E97FF947" box="[262,266,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="420">.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |