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<document id="560550B1795E6839F0D8B9F8240AE783" ID-CLB-Dataset="3082" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5076.1.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a1f031f6-001b-4b4d-ac30-c4ded463c0c7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5763329" ID-ZooBank="9FF1BC65-E72E-47BA-A4E8-9FA3B8BA9CF1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638862904517" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vasanth, M., Subramanian, K. A., Selvakumar, C., Kubendran, T. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." docDate="2021" docId="9C052F2FFFABFFABB2DB9FC4FDC4E732" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5076.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5076 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Edmundsula meghamalaiensis Vasanth, Subramanian &amp; Selvakumar 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="603C5757FFAEFFA3B24C9F53FF80E159" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) of India with a new record of the genus Megaglena Peters and Edmunds, 1970" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="56" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1699472046565" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="9CE5FCAF2B758CF7FFA9874244A5E520" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="B3746AD4DAD9354EE2882D41FA95DD79">
<mods:title id="E45DCBBF362ED8F158AE3AFCBB792D58">Three new species of Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) of India with a new record of the genus Megaglena Peters and Edmunds, 1970</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="58E4778FA506C03A9F1C11F4E058B54D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6889E622CE29BD3FF9978C9ECE09AE75">
<mods:roleTerm id="0352CBA5FC1021045D36774691F34D71">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1B2770E02CE104B6A71DCE3A038EA00E">Vasanth, M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3F082FBA33885215BC58599257645970" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4446-4889</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="712AB5F1AFB5717FE9E34BEF34752FC2">Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Santhome High Road, Chennai- 600028, India. &amp; University of Madras, Chepauk, Chennai- 600005. &amp; vasan 071994 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4446 - 4889</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9F315103CAD6273ADE52FF09C93A05B9" type="email">vasan071994@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0A080FB4985FF4F4A0B5C5F711B45977" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5925F6C5AFF14799FA94126A7C415992">
<mods:roleTerm id="0B2DDFB61830D4EEE530D7585F19904D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7446D9ACE160CF9BAC6528D73CBA4C4B">Subramanian, K. A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="80930DD6DF0F0389A3CA9617A9A3CD48">Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Santhome High Road, Chennai- 600028, India.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FF9339F1C8747FC87CFF9FBAC216C2A0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5381CCB6A7382E5A883DFA0C82DDD8AE">
<mods:roleTerm id="FDCF915BE4D49D9A6A8FFFBF042FE94F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A868A07F76C74A1E1F5BD7468A3FE313">Selvakumar, C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F956FE0CA23EEB436D1551E29B10A1E1" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4296-5682</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B4E9E5008FFE9FD34F427901CD91C321">Department of Zoology, The Madura College (Autonomous), Madurai- 625011, Tamil Nadu. &amp; selvaaa 06 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4296 - 5682</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="70934326719B5B623A2E138ED233F6AB" type="email">selvaaa06@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5EFC501C4959A05386F42A3449536D0E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8C197C477E4765B5C8BDB6D85851CAFB">
<mods:roleTerm id="363B2D89465C0354465638B0922578CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CF63E0D298B021B8557CDBC5B4AE3C86">Kubendran, T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="985550EBCA2AF6E9DF8E3FD1F03BCBE0" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2117-9938</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B53434122F248C3BE96DAFAAEAE86AFC">Zoological Survey of India, High Altitude Regional Centre, Solan- 173 211, Himachal Pradesh, India. &amp; tkbaetis @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2117 - 9938</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="11A0FB3F1CE3646E92CCC7CA75D1BC05" type="email">tkbaetis@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="689FBF2F6DF59CEAA3331F99F64E9ADA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4AD130953CBF8FEB6571867FD99E3F67">
<mods:roleTerm id="0BAFF1F6DFD710CE444CCAF005BCE868">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="14D93B2953F396EF559CCEF61E52FFA6">Sivaramakrishnan, K. G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3CB7077627850EB9C330E2E9A0F4FFF7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6332-0349</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="63E558C5AC5593D7CB1AFC5650186487">Flat No 3, Door No 7, Gokulam Apartment, West Mambalam, Chennai- 600 033, India. &amp; kgskrishnan @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6332 - 0349</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB414B6FABA70AAFE353644D20839041" type="email">kgskrishnan@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4A81CF7F19C76A9066BFE588E114EB51">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="CDAADD9B4E038D3F1410583621256C11" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="45E0E6C6146B83C99119A6586DF15FEF">
<mods:title id="88540FC386EBC3CE177008E4DBB0900F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6C4B81C5FB8CFB9D69924B3DF367CCB7">
<mods:date id="D78CBBAF7DF0FEDD31DA57A58A8181CA">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4EAE581B3A5C08A8F6F22CABBDCE35E9" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0D072DE2F8DF8338E3A7A0D5456CBCEF">2021-12-07</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="9E4A09E3476CA09EBA3D06F69BB075E7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7207823539F953256D9ADAEFFD3223BA">5076</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E7958C17B7EC9F4A05041BD51C63CF1D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="DF2D8F3B2677D47DA137DDB47F7DA797">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1ADBBD7F4E4D78C1BE06FE62AC5C9EF9">56</mods:start>
<mods:end id="9E009A7BB6DCA1A32F664AF65B252A5F">70</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="EF536796AE31CC1C5CB66E0646447D64">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3988E0DBFEAB80D2D0DCFAF44B5B2E70" type="CLB-Dataset">3082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2962A00444EB905FA92106DA0594E2AB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5076.1.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C53AFF0EDD7C2CED11CEE70123FA3B7B" type="GBIF-Dataset">a1f031f6-001b-4b4d-ac30-c4ded463c0c7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F0C279F3D4E4C8ED6C3A75BCD8A53664" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="920DAD696C0B7D422172BF2EFDB63E4F" type="Zenodo-Dep">5763329</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2B1131C06AF9DC9BA6DAECB7794F448A" type="ZooBank">9FF1BC65-E72E-47BA-A4E8-9FA3B8BA9CF1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="9C052F2FFFABFFABB2DB9FC4FDC4E732" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5764323" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191199521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5764323" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C052F2FFFABFFABB2DB9FC4FDC4E732" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C052F2FFFABFFABB2DB9FC4FDC4E732" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection id="5CB6CDB2FFABFFA6B2DB9FC4FBBAE1E8" box="[151,1082,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B2DB9FC4FBBAE1E8" blockId="5.[151,1082,151,213]" box="[151,1082,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="4F5B2955FFABFFA6B2DB9FC4FBBAE1E8" bold="true" box="[151,1082,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B2DB9FC4FBBAE1E8" bold="true" box="[151,1082,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B2DB9FC4FC71E1E8" authority="Vasanth, Subramanian &amp; Selvakumar" authorityName="Vasanth, Subramanian &amp; Selvakumar" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,1009,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Edmundsula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meghamalaiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B2DB9FC4FD8BE1EB" bold="true" box="[151,523,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Edmundsula meghamalaiensis</emphasis>
Vasanth, Subramanian &amp; Selvakumar
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DEBFF50FFABFFA6B1B49FC4FBBAE1E8" box="[1016,1082,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CB6CDB2FFABFFA6B2DB9FE8FEA7E18C" box="[151,295,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B2DB9FE8FEA7E18C" blockId="5.[151,1082,151,213]" box="[151,295,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
(
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B2D39FE8FE9FE18C" box="[159,287,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 17–22" captionStart-1="FIGURES 23–31" captionStart-2="FIGURES 32–37" captionStartId-0="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1423,213,1913]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,182,1294]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@6.[164,1423,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@8.[151,1436,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionText-0="FIGURES 17–22. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 17. Dorsal view; 18. Labrum; 19. Labrum dorsal view; 20. Hypopharynx; 21. Left mandible; 22. Right mandible." captionText-1="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." captionText-2="FIGURES 32–37. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 32. Gill I; 33. Gill III; 34. Gill V; 35. Gill VII; 36. Subanal plate ♂ (Arrow indicate genital parts); 37. Subanal palte ♀." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763337" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763343" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5763337/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5763343/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 17–37</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CB6CDB2FFABFFA6B2DB9E50FE10E454" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B2DB9E50FAEAE0D3" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B2DB9E50FE02E044" bold="true" box="[151,386,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="A4C49464FFABFFA6B3C59E50FB7AE018" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3415113306" collectingDate="2019-03-03" collectorName="M. Vasanth &amp; Reg. No. I" country="India" county="Theni district" elevation="1530" latitude="9.59167" location="Upper" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.34261" municipality="Suruli" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="CB17209BFFABFFA6B3C59E50FE76E044" box="[393,502,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="02AA55B0FFABFFA6B04C9E57FD95E047" box="[512,533,260,286]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
immature larva,
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B09F9E50FCA5E044" box="[723,805,259,285]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">INDIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="D66850DBFFABFFA6B1639E50FC36E044" box="[815,950,259,285]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="FD72E6B5FFABFFA6B18C9E50FBD9E044" box="[960,1113,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Theni district</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="F4770443FFABFFA6B6289E50FB28E044" box="[1124,1192,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Suruli</collectingMunicipality>
colony,
<location id="1173C8E2FFABFFA6B74B9E57FACDE047" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C052F2FFFABFFABB2DB9FC4FDC4E732:1173C8E2FFABFFA6B74B9E57FACDE047" box="[1287,1357,260,286]" country="India" county="Theni district" latitude="9.59167" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.34261" municipality="Suruli" name="Upper" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Upper</location>
Manalar stream;
<geoCoordinate id="7198F8FEFFABFFA6B35A9E74FE1DE01B" box="[278,413,295,322]" degrees="09.59167" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="9.59167">09.59167 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7198F8FEFFABFFA6B3E59E74FDBBE01B" box="[425,571,295,322]" degrees="077.34261" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="77.34261">077.34261 E</geoCoordinate>
; Alt.
<quantity id="D35433DCFFABFFA6B0349E74FD50E01B" box="[632,720,295,322]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1530.0">
<elevation id="9F81790AFFABFFA6B0349E74FD50E01B" box="[632,720,295,322]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1530.0">1530 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="6012B8F9FFABFFA6B0909E74FCD8E018" box="[732,856,295,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" value="2019-03-03">
<collectingDate id="70564111FFABFFA6B0909E74FCD8E018" box="[732,856,295,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" value="2019-03-03">03.iii.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="B959FBEFFFABFFA6B1D09E7BFB9CE018" box="[924,1052,295,322]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">M. Vasanth</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="B959FBEFFFABFFA6B6679E74FB22E018" box="[1067,1186,295,322]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Reg. No. I</collectorName>
/E/433)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="A4C49464FFABFFA6B7489E7BFD40E03C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3415113302" collectingDate="2019-03-03" collectorName="Reg. No. I" country="India" county="Theni district" elevation="1530" latitude="9.59167" location="Upper" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.34261" municipality="Suruli" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-larva="10" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="CB17209BFFABFFA6B7489E7BFAF5E01B" box="[1284,1397,296,322]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="02AA55B0FFABFFA6B7CC9E74FF5BE03C" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
(
<collectorName id="B959FBEFFFABFFA6B2A79E18FEE1E03C" box="[235,353,331,358]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Reg. No. I</collectorName>
/E/434), same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="A4C49464FFABFFA6B0879E18FAE6E0D3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3415113303" collectingDate="2019-01-19" collectorName="M. Vasanth &amp; Reg. No. I" country="India" county="Trivandrum district" elevation="1326" latitude="8.67741" location="Pandipath" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.1939" municipality="Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="14" specimenCount-larva="14" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="02AA55B0FFABFFA6B0879E18FCB5E03C" box="[715,821,331,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="larva">14 larvae</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="D66850DBFFABFFA6B10D9E18FC0EE03C" box="[833,910,331,357]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="FD72E6B5FFABFFA6B1D69E18FBF7E03C" box="[922,1143,331,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Trivandrum district</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="F4770443FFABFFA6B6CE9E1FFF3CE0D3" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="1173C8E2FFABFFA6B28B9E3CFEB7E0D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C052F2FFFABFFABB2DB9FC4FDC4E732:1173C8E2FFABFFA6B28B9E3CFEB7E0D0" box="[199,311,367,393]" country="India" county="Trivandrum district" latitude="8.67741" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.1939" municipality="Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary" name="Pandipath" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Kerala">Pandipath</location>
stream;
<geoCoordinate id="7198F8FEFFABFFA6B3D49E3CFD9FE0D3" box="[408,543,367,394]" degrees="08.67741" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="8.67741">08.67741 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7198F8FEFFABFFA6B0669E3CFD3BE0D3" box="[554,699,367,394]" degrees="077.19390" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="77.1939">077.19390 E</geoCoordinate>
, Alt.
<quantity id="D35433DCFFABFFA6B0BB9E3CFCCFE0D3" box="[759,847,367,394]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.326" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1326.0">
<elevation id="9F81790AFFABFFA6B0BB9E3CFCCFE0D3" box="[759,847,367,394]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.326" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1326.0">1326 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="6012B8F9FFABFFA6B1179E3CFC46E0D0" box="[859,966,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" value="2019-01-19">
<collectingDate id="70564111FFABFFA6B1179E3CFC46E0D0" box="[859,966,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" value="2019-01-19">19.i.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="B959FBEFFFABFFA6B6469E23FB0AE0D0" box="[1034,1162,367,394]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">M. Vasanth</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="B959FBEFFFABFFA6B6D59E3CFA8EE0D3" box="[1177,1294,367,394]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Reg. No. I</collectorName>
/E/435)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9EC0FD53E088" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9EC0FEEFE0F4" bold="true" box="[199,367,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Mature larva.</emphasis>
Length: body 8.5–9.0 mm; antennae
<quantity id="D35433DCFFABFFA6B1509EC0FC28E0F7" box="[796,936,403,430]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="3.35" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.5 mm</quantity>
; cerci 6.5–7.0 mm; paracercus
<quantity id="D35433DCFFABFFA6B7419EC0FA19E0F7" box="[1293,1433,403,430]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="7.35" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="7.2">7.2–7.5 mm</quantity>
. General coloration dark brownish yellow (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B03F9EE4FD46E088" box="[627,710,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,213,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[164,1423,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–22. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 17. Dorsal view; 18. Labrum; 19. Labrum dorsal view; 20. Hypopharynx; 21. Left mandible; 22. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763337/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9E88FA15E24F" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9E88FE8EE0AC" bold="true" box="[199,270,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Head.</emphasis>
Dark brown, washed with pale yellow. Upper portion of male compound eye reddish, lower portion black. Antennae white. Labrum (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B04B9EACFD0AE340" box="[519,650,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,213,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[164,1423,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–22. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 17. Dorsal view; 18. Labrum; 19. Labrum dorsal view; 20. Hypopharynx; 21. Left mandible; 22. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763337/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 18–19</figureCitation>
): dorsum with two rows of thin, long setae; anterior region with a row of feather like setae ventrally; anteromedian emargination with moderate ‘V’ shaped cleft and without denticles. Hypopharynx (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B30C9D14FE15E338" box="[320,405,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,213,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[164,1423,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–22. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 17. Dorsal view; 18. Labrum; 19. Labrum dorsal view; 20. Hypopharynx; 21. Left mandible; 22. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763337/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
): lingua with well developed lateral process; anterior margin deeply cleft; superlingua with a row of setae on anterior margin. Mandibles: (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B0DF9D38FC94E3DC" box="[659,788,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,213,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[164,1423,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–22. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 17. Dorsal view; 18. Labrum; 19. Labrum dorsal view; 20. Hypopharynx; 21. Left mandible; 22. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763337/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 21–22</figureCitation>
) translucent, with dark brown incisors and molars; lateral margins with scattered setae, inner incisor slightly longer than outer one. Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B6759DDCFB0EE3F0" box="[1081,1166,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
): segments I–
<collectionCode id="72BD06FCFFABFFA6B7669DC3FAC6E3F3" box="[1322,1350,656,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">III</collectionCode>
of palp equal in length, apical segment not tapering at apex. Labium (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B1059DE0FC4CE397" box="[841,972,691,718]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 24–25</figureCitation>
): palps 3-segmented, segments
<collectionCode id="72BD06FCFFABFFA6B7609DE7FABEE397" box="[1324,1342,692,718]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">II</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="72BD06FCFFABFFA6B7019DE7FAE9E397" box="[1357,1385,692,718]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">III</collectionCode>
narrower, with row of thick setae on dorsal margin of third segment; outer and inner margins of palp with row of long and pointed setae; segment I slightly longer than segment
<collectionCode id="72BD06FCFFABFFA6B16E9DAFFCB7E24F" box="[802,823,764,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">II</collectionCode>
, segment
<collectionCode id="72BD06FCFFABFFA6B1EB9DAFFC43E24F" box="[935,963,764,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">III</collectionCode>
shorter than segment
<collectionCode id="72BD06FCFFABFFA6B6F69DAFFB4FE24F" box="[1210,1231,764,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">II</collectionCode>
, tapering at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9C4CFC0BE548" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9C4CFEA7E260" bold="true" box="[199,295,799,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Thorax.</emphasis>
Pale yellowish brown, irregularly washed with dark brown; pronotum with lateral margins white; dark brownish with diffuse hypodermal markings. Legs: brownish yellow; coxae brown; outer surface of all femora with long, thick and thin setae; dorsal surface of foreleg with short stout setae as a group in the distal region; pale macula on distal end (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B3769CD8FE10E2FF" box="[314,400,907,934]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
); femur of midleg moderately developed with numerous short stout setae on dorsal surface (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B2EC9CFCFF74E290" box="[160,244,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
); dorsal surface of hindfemora with numerous short stout setae (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B18D9CFCFBC5E290" box="[961,1093,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 28–29</figureCitation>
). Fore and mid tibia with thick feathered setae and long stout setae; hind tibia with thick feathered setae (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B1909C80FBB1E2B4" box="[988,1073,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). Claws with denticles, progressively larger from the middle, apical denticle much larger (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B1669CA4FCFDE548" box="[810,893,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9B48FC37E5B3" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9B48FEC3E56C" bold="true" box="[199,323,1051,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Terga I–X dark yellowish brown with diffuse hypodermal markings; terga I–
<collectionCode id="72BD06FCFFABFFA6B6879B4FFB68E56F" box="[1227,1256,1052,1078]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">VI</collectionCode>
with yellowish streaks laterally; terga IV–IX with posteriolateral spines, progressively larger posteriorly, spines on terga VII–IX pointed (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B2B79B30FED0E527" box="[251,336,1123,1150]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–37" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1436,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 32–37. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 32. Gill I; 33. Gill III; 34. Gill V; 35. Gill VII; 36. Subanal plate ♂ (Arrow indicate genital parts); 37. Subanal palte ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763343/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
). Gills on segments I–VII; gill I slender and lanceolate with branched tracheae; dorsal and ventral portions of lamellae of gills
<collectionCode id="72BD06FCFFABFFA6B3919BDBFE6FE5FB" box="[477,495,1160,1186]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">II</collectionCode>
–VII wider, long and smoothly tapered at apex (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B65A9BD4FB1BE5FB" box="[1046,1179,1159,1186]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–37" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1436,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 32–37. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 32. Gill I; 33. Gill III; 34. Gill V; 35. Gill VII; 36. Subanal plate ♂ (Arrow indicate genital parts); 37. Subanal palte ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763343/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 32–35</figureCitation>
). Subanal plate deeply cleft in male and female larva (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B3B49BF8FDFCE59F" box="[504,636,1195,1222]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–37" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1436,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 32–37. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 32. Gill I; 33. Gill III; 34. Gill V; 35. Gill VII; 36. Subanal plate ♂ (Arrow indicate genital parts); 37. Subanal palte ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763343/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 36–37</figureCitation>
). Paracercus longer than cerci; caudal filaments with whorl of setae on alternate segments, setae shorter than length of corresponding segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9BA0FE10E454" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" box="[199,400,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9BA0FE93E454" bold="true" box="[199,275,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Adult.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CB6CDB2FFABFFA6B28B9A44FF41E40C" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9A44FF41E40C" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9A44FECEE468" bold="true" box="[199,334,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named after the
<typeStatus id="CB17209BFFABFFA6B08C9A4BFD70E46B" box="[704,752,1304,1330]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">type</typeStatus>
locality, Meghamalai WLS, Theni District,
<collectingRegion id="D66850DBFFABFFA6B6AA9A44FAEEE468" box="[1254,1390,1303,1329]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B7309A4BFF3DE40C" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CB6CDB2FFABFFA6B28B9A0CFC65E423" box="[199,997,1375,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9A0CFC65E423" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" box="[199,997,1375,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9A0CFEE1E420" bold="true" box="[199,353,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</emphasis>
Southern Western Ghats,
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B0C89A0CFD3EE420" box="[644,702,1375,1401]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="D66850DBFFABFFA6B0809A0CFCD3E420" box="[716,851,1375,1401]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="D66850DBFFABFFA6B1C59A0CFC59E423" box="[905,985,1375,1402]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Kerala</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CB6CDB2FFABFFA6B28B9AD0FCEEE65F" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9AD0FDBFE70B" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9AD0FEC2E4C4" bold="true" box="[199,322,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B3069AD0FD21E4C4" authority="Vasanth &amp; Subramanian &amp; Selvakumar &amp; Kubendran &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, 2021" authorityName="Vasanth &amp; Subramanian &amp; Selvakumar &amp; Kubendran &amp; Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="2021" box="[330,673,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Edmundsula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meghamalaiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B3069AD0FD21E4C4" box="[330,673,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Edmundsula meghamalaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B0E79AD0FD6BE4C4" bold="true" box="[683,747,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DEBFF50FFABFFA6B0E79AD0FD6BE4C4" box="[683,747,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from the previously described species,
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B2DB9AFBFD87E49B" authority="Sivaramakrishnan 1985" authorityName="Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,519,1447,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Edmundsula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lotica">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B2DB9AFBFF76E498" box="[151,246,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">E. lotica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="703DE3C8FFABFFA6B2B19AF4FD87E49B" author="Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." box="[253,519,1447,1474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" pagination="235 - 239" refId="ref5772" refString="Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (1985) New genus and species of Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from southern India. Annals Entomological Society of America, 78, 235 - 239." type="journal article" year="1985">Sivaramakrishnan 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of larval characters: (i) anteromedian emargination of labrum with moderate ‘V’ shaped cleft and without denticles (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B1239A98FC72E4BC" box="[879,1010,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–22" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,213,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[164,1423,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–22. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 17. Dorsal view; 18. Labrum; 19. Labrum dorsal view; 20. Hypopharynx; 21. Left mandible; 22. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763337/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 18–19</figureCitation>
); (ii) segment I–III of maxillary palps shorter and apical segment not tapering at apex (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B0FF9ABCFC85E750" box="[691,773,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
); (iii) segment II–III of labial palp narrower and with a row of thick setae on the dorsal margin of third segment (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B0A59940FCEDE777" box="[745,877,1555,1582]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 24–25</figureCitation>
); (iv) distal region of dorsal surface of the foreleg with a group of short spines (
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B3929964FDB3E70B" box="[478,563,1591,1618]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–31" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1918,1942]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 23–31. Larva of Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp. 23. Maxilla; 24. Labium; 25. Glossae dorsal view; 26. Foreleg; 27. Midleg; 28. Hindleg; 29. Hind femur anterior margin; 30. Hind tibia; 31. Claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFA6B28B9908FCEEE65F" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B9908FEACE72C" bold="true" box="[199,300,1627,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Habitat:</emphasis>
Larvae of
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B3EF9908FD78E72C" authority="Vasanth &amp; Subramanian &amp; Selvakumar &amp; Kubendran &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, 2021" authorityName="Vasanth &amp; Subramanian &amp; Selvakumar &amp; Kubendran &amp; Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="2021" box="[419,760,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Edmundsula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meghamalaiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B3EF9908FD78E72C" box="[419,760,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Edmundsula meghamalaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B0B29908FCBCE72C" bold="true" box="[766,828,1627,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DEBFF50FFABFFA6B0B29908FCBCE72C" box="[766,828,1627,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
inhabit first order (from
<quantity id="D35433DCFFABFFA6B61C9908FB16E72F" box="[1104,1174,1627,1654]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 m</quantity>
wide) mountain stream (Manalar stream,
<quantity id="D35433DCFFABFFA6B315992CFE30E7C3" box="[345,432,1663,1690]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1530.0">1530 m</quantity>
a.s.l.) of the Meghamalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Theni District,
<collectingRegion id="D66850DBFFABFFA6B63F992CFB7AE7C0" box="[1139,1274,1663,1689]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="8C9782BCFFABFFA6B747992CFA11E7C3" box="[1291,1425,1663,1690]" captionStart="FIGURES 57–60" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1042,1066]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,182,1018]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[177,1411,181,1018]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 57–60. Type locality of new species. 57. Choroterpes (C.) andamanensis n. sp.; 58–59. Edmundsula meghamalaiensis n. sp.; 60. Megaglena agasthiya n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5763351/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Figs 58–59</figureCitation>
). The stream is characterized by medium water temperature (18–22°С at the time of sampling) and average current velocity. Larvae were collected from cobbles and pebbles where the new species was found with the larvae of the
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B28C99BFFEAFE65F" box="[192,303,1772,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Baetis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28C99BFFE86E65C" box="[192,262,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Baetis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B37799B8FE54E65F" box="[315,468,1771,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Afronurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B37799B8FE2CE65C" box="[315,428,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Afronurus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B3AD99B8FD13E65F" box="[481,659,1771,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Choroterpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B3AD99B8FDECE65C" box="[481,620,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Choroterpes</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B08599B8FCEEE65F" box="[713,878,1771,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Teloganodidae" genus="Dudgeodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B08599B8FCC7E65C" box="[713,839,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Dudgeodes</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CB6CDB2FFABFFABB28B985CFDC4E732" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="14139E39FFABFFABB28B985CFDC4E732" blockId="5.[151,1437,259,2014]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,1434,1643]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B28B985CFECFE670" bold="true" box="[199,335,1807,1833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Discussion:</emphasis>
With an array of several plesiomorphic character states,
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B191985CFBE9E670" authorityName="Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="1985" box="[989,1129,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Edmundsula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B191985CFBE9E670" box="[989,1129,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Edmundsula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a genus of Gondwanian origin, presently the genus is endemic to southern peninsular
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B10E9860FCFEE614" box="[834,894,1843,1869]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">India</collectingCountry>
, which may have phylogenetic links with genera disjunctly distributed in
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B3E69804FD9BE628" box="[426,539,1879,1905]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B06B9804FD30E628" box="[551,688,1879,1905]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B0F09804FCCBE628" box="[700,843,1879,1905]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">South Africa</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B1CD9804FC6BE628" box="[897,1003,1879,1905]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Australia</collectingCountry>
. However, this requires in depth study through further exploration in respective areas. Furthermore,
<bibRefCitation id="703DE3C8FFABFFA6B10B9828FBE3E6CF" author="Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." box="[839,1123,1915,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" pagination="235 - 239" refId="ref5772" refString="Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (1985) New genus and species of Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from southern India. Annals Entomological Society of America, 78, 235 - 239." type="journal article" year="1985">Sivaramakrishnan (1985)</bibRefCitation>
suggested a tenuous link of
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B2DB98CCFDB5E6E3" authority="Sivaramakrishnan 1985" authorityName="Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,565,1951,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Edmundsula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B2DB98CCFEA3E6E0" box="[151,291,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Edmundsula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="703DE3C8FFABFFA6B36798CCFDB5E6E3" author="Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." box="[299,565,1951,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" pagination="235 - 239" refId="ref5772" refString="Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (1985) New genus and species of Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from southern India. Annals Entomological Society of America, 78, 235 - 239." type="journal article" year="1985">Sivaramakrishnan 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFABFFA6B03B98CCFC3AE6E0" authority="Penniket 1961" authorityName="Penniket" authorityYear="1961" box="[631,954,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Neozephlebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFABFFA6B03B98CCFC8FE6E0" box="[631,783,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">Neozephlebia</emphasis>
Penniket 1961
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFABFFA6B64C98F3FB17E6E0" box="[1024,1175,1951,1978]" name="New Zealand" pageId="5" pageNumber="61">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
due to the dorsolateral expansion of the glossae in both the genera. Dense rows of setae on the outer margins of fore and middle legs in
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFA6FFABB2DB9AC8FDB1E4EC" authority="Sivaramakrishnan 1985" authorityName="Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,561,1434,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Edmundsula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFA6FFABB2DB9AC8FEA3E4EC" box="[151,291,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="64">Edmundsula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="703DE3C8FFA6FFABB3659AC8FDB1E4EC" author="Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." box="[297,561,1434,1461]" pageId="8" pageNumber="64" pagination="235 - 239" refId="ref5772" refString="Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (1985) New genus and species of Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from southern India. Annals Entomological Society of America, 78, 235 - 239." type="journal article" year="1985">Sivaramakrishnan 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and in
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFA6FFABB0CC9AC8FC68E4EC" authority="Peters &amp; Edmunds 1970" authorityName="Peters &amp; Edmunds" authorityYear="1970" box="[640,1000,1435,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Indialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFA6FFABB0CC9AC8FD56E4EC" box="[640,726,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="64">Indialis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="703DE3C8FFA6FFABB0979AC8FC68E4EC" author="Peters, W. L. &amp; Edmunds, G. F. Jr." box="[731,1000,1435,1461]" pageId="8" pageNumber="64" pagination="157 - 240" refId="ref5406" refString="Peters, W. L. &amp; Edmunds, G. F. Jr. (1970) Revision of the generic classification of the Eastern Hemisphere Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera). Pacific Insects, 12 (1), 157 - 240." type="journal article" year="1970">Peters &amp; Edmunds 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, another genus endemic to southern
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFA6FFABB7309AC8FF39E480" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="64">India</collectingCountry>
apparently show relationship established the genus
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFA6FFABB0B19AECFC2AE480" authorityName="Boonsoong &amp; Sartori" authorityYear="2016" box="[765,938,1471,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Sangpradubina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFA6FFABB0B19AECFC2AE480" box="[765,938,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="64">Sangpradubina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFA6FFABB1A19AECFBD1E480" box="[1005,1105,1471,1497]" name="Thailand" pageId="8" pageNumber="64">Thailand</collectingCountry>
as pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="703DE3C8FFA6FFABB7519A93FED4E4A6" author="Boonsoong, B. &amp; Sartori, M." pageId="8" pageNumber="64" pagination="587 - 599" refId="ref5048" refString="Boonsoong, B. &amp; Sartori, M. (2016) Sangpradubina, an astonishing new mayfly genus from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae). Zootaxa, 4169 (3), 587 - 599. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4169.3.11" type="journal article" year="2016">Boonsoong &amp; Sartori (2016)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="703DE3C8FFA6FFABB32C9AB7FE76E4A7" author="Kluge, N. J." box="[352,502,1508,1534]" pageId="8" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 142" refId="ref5275" refString="Kluge, N. J. (2020) Systematic position of Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and descriptions of new and little-known species. Zootaxa, 4756 (1), 1 - 142. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4756.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Kluge (2020)</bibRefCitation>
recognized to given the morphological notes of femoral and tibial setation of genus
<taxonomicName id="D3ACE5BAFFA6FFABB2DB995BFE29E77B" authority="Ulmer 1920" authorityName="Ulmer" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,425,1544,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26D8422BFFA6FFABB2DB995BFE97E77B" box="[151,279,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="64">Thraulodes</emphasis>
Ulmer 1920
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFA6FFABB3BE995AFDCBE77A" box="[498,587,1545,1571]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="64">Panama</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="6CBBDEA9FFA6FFABB0CA995AFD3DE77A" box="[646,701,1545,1571]" name="Peru" pageId="8" pageNumber="64">Peru</collectingCountry>
. These phylogenetic riddles can only be solved when combined morphological and molecular studies of both larval and respective alate stages of all these Gondwanan genera with intensified international collaboration.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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