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treatments-xml/data/57/40/5B/57405B27FF85FFDDFF13FE948A63FB94.xml
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<document id="631398FF687AC6376162D894C4139182" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629589581802" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye &amp; Saether, Ole A." docDate="2008" docId="57405B27FF85FFDDFF13FE948A63FB94" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01953p145.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1953" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) convexum" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="AB79235FFFB5FFECFF84FFCB8B6FFFF3" masterDocTitle="Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="145" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1699081859134" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="1D85A4F1956CAF1EBE255FD603336874" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="90B4D9BF9F90E946C2BD883113C155CC">
<mods:title id="0A8A7DF0F3379A45AD39DADDDCA2BA71">Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="209E4D75F80C2021EA97894D321304AD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D53EF29FFEAF89854B038156777FA4F7">
<mods:roleTerm id="D6123C62EAC67188AF310273572A3456">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D0435E165D8B1A16A18A42903B5D0689">Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8D810B4CCE43304F39105AF43224B662" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EC72506C8F22FE70B721683049BED707">
<mods:roleTerm id="CE499F1E368FEF098C8C8238414BD914">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C29BA3C945C92DB2D598F4089E6F5EC4">Saether, Ole A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="91B21FA42F5FE169E7E5E46CD5D8AE98">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="C4F431151101F54A406573E139F7B02F" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="F4162A708D8FA46BFABA2D99D04CE344">
<mods:title id="ED3C554A357F05E0FEBC8C1E03180CF6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C53CC6E5D4EFA64B3C013C1D625BEBE2">
<mods:date id="7C96B878D004D4869E9ABA4B4C641FAC">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2CEFAC5E6F67A72EE36BE385636B94F9" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A213075AA007E93015C810852AE932FD">2008-12-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D8C4AB84326B0B9E4B4260D404AD3C20" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1CF2909C1739F36925D1EAD60AEBCF5B">1953</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="680F4BBC6FCAF9C3BFB9A121F1BB3C4D" unit="page">
<mods:start id="2F97F6BF8ADBBE51E7EBDF652FBB6833">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="0B18EDC40EC97A6300ACBBA72ADF5631">145</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="783267A9A3E15CDF65D26A950B9801AB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8A78046C6A9B16A0FADA402C25DA1D90" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="57405B27FF85FFDDFF13FE948A63FB94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5241805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5241805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:57405B27FF85FFDDFF13FE948A63FB94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/57405B27FF85FFDDFF13FE948A63FB94" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="97F3B9BAFF85FFDCFF13FE94887BFE8A" box="[151,788,351,377]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF13FE94887BFE8A" blockId="48.[151,788,351,412]" box="[151,788,351,377]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="841E5D5DFF85FFDCFF13FE94887BFE8A" bold="true" box="[151,788,351,377]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFF13FE94887BFE8A" ID-CoL="8DG5R" authority="(Johannsen)" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[151,788,351,377]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pentapedilum">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF13FE94887BFE8A" bold="true" box="[151,788,351,377]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF13FE948A41FE8A" bold="true" box="[151,302,351,377]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Polypedilum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFEBBFE948A89FE8A" bold="true" box="[319,486,351,377]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFE7CFE94891CFE8A" bold="true" box="[504,627,351,377]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">convexum</emphasis>
(Johannsen)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="97F3B9BAFF85FFDCFF13FE498A40FE6F" box="[151,303,386,412]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF13FE498A40FE6F" blockId="48.[151,788,351,412]" box="[151,303,386,412]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
(
<figureCitation id="47D2F6B4FF85FFDCFF1BFE498A49FE6F" box="[159,294,386,412]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="47.[151,254,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,201,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-176@47.[226,1360,161,1640]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 13. Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) chutteri Harrison, male (A–C) and P. (Pe.) convexum (Johannsen), male (D– I). A—foretibial scale; B, E—hypopygium; C, G–I—superior volsella; D—anal point; F—inferior volsella." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 13D–I</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="97F3B9BAFF85FFDCFF13FE198FD9FDFA" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF13FE1989FEFE1A" blockId="48.[151,1206,466,521]" box="[151,657,466,489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FFF9CD1FFF85FFDCFF13FE1989FEFE1A" box="[151,657,466,489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitation id="5E48CC20FF85FFDCFF13FE1989E2FE1A" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[151,653,466,489]" page="540" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1932">
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFF13FE1989E2FE1A" ID-CoL="8D8HZ" authority="Johannsen, 1932: 540" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityPageNumber="540" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,653,466,489]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF13FE198AF3FE1A" box="[151,412,466,489]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pentapedilum convexum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BB7897C0FF85FFDCFE27FE1989E2FE1A" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[419,653,466,489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="503 - 552" refId="ref91506" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1932) Chironominae of the Malayan subregion of the Dutch East Indies. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, 11, 503 - 552." type="journal article" year="1932">Johannsen, 1932: 540</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF13FE398FD9FDFA" blockId="48.[151,1206,466,521]" box="[151,1206,498,521]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FFF9CD1FFF85FFDCFF13FE398FD9FDFA" box="[151,1206,498,521]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFF13FE3989AAFDFA" ID-CoL="8DG5R" authority="(Johannsen)" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[151,709,498,521]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pentapedilum">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF13FE398A71FDFA" box="[151,286,498,521]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Polypedilum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFEA9FE398AAEFDFA" box="[301,449,498,521]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFE55FE398954FDFA" box="[465,571,498,521]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">convexum</emphasis>
(Johannsen)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="5E48CC20FF85FFDCFD55FE3988AFFDFA" author="Tokunaga, M." box="[721,960,498,521]" page="596" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="BB7897C0FF85FFDCFD55FE3988AFFDFA" author="Tokunaga, M." box="[721,960,498,521]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="485 - 628" refId="ref93973" refString="Tokunaga, M. (1964) Insects of Micronesia. Diptera: Chironomidae. Insects of Micronesia, 12, 485 - 628." type="journal article" year="1964">Tokunaga (1964: 596)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="5E48CC20FF85FFDCFC4FFE398FDDFDFA" author="Cranston, P. S." box="[971,1202,498,521]" page="258" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="BB7897C0FF85FFDCFC4FFE398FDDFDFA" author="Cranston, P. S." box="[971,1202,498,521]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 376" refId="ref90710" refString="Cranston, P. S. (1996) Identification guide to the Chironomidae of south Wales. Australian Water Technologies Pty Ltd, West Ryde, NSW. AWT Identification Guide, 1, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1996">Cranston (1996: 258)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="97F3B9BAFF85FFDDFF13FDF18E54FCBC" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF13FDF18A3FFD3F" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF13FDF18AE4FDA7" bold="true" box="[151,395,570,596]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="6F81E06CFF85FFDCFE17FDF18A1BFD8F" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="A. Thienemann &amp; Type No. B. M." country="Indonesia" location="Sumatra" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF85FFDCFE17FDF18958FDA7" box="[403,567,570,596]" name="Indonesia" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1D2D24D3FF85FFDCFDC6FDF189C8FDA7" box="[578,679,570,596]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
,
<typeStatus id="00525493FF85FFDCFD37FDF18876FDA7" box="[691,793,570,596]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male, 1928–9,
<collectorName id="721C8FE7FF85FFDCFC4BFDF18FEAFDA7" box="[975,1157,570,596]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">A. Thienemann</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="721C8FE7FF85FFDCFB11FDF18E3FFDA7" box="[1173,1360,570,596]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type No. B. M.</collectorName>
1937- 703, F21;
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFE8BFDA98A03FD8F" box="[271,364,610,636]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="6F81E06CFF85FFDCFEFBFDA98949FD57" collectingDate="13. vi. 1988 &amp; 19. v. 1988" collectionCode="NU" collectorName="C. Deng &amp; Nos." country="China" county="Xiachayu County" location="Ba'antong" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF85FFDCFEFBFDA98A8FFD8F" box="[383,480,610,636]" name="China" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1D2D24D3FF85FFDCFE68FDA98943FD8F" box="[492,556,610,636]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Tibet</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="363792BDFF85FFDCFDB3FDA98869FD8F" box="[567,774,610,636]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Xiachayu County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="DA36BCEAFF85FFDCFC96FDA988E0FD8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:57405B27FF85FFDDFF13FE948A63FB94:DA36BCEAFF85FFDCFC96FDA988E0FD8F" box="[786,911,610,636]" country="China" county="Xiachayu County" name="Ba'antong" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Xizang">Ba’antong</location>
,
<specimenCount id="C9EF21B8FF85FFDCFC1FFDA98897FD8F" box="[923,1016,610,636]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<collectingDate id="BB133519FF85FFDCFB80FDA98E72FD8F" box="[1028,1309,610,636]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<date id="AB57CCF1FF85FFDCFB80FDA98FEDFD8F" box="[1028,1154,610,636]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1988-06-13">13.vi.1988</date>
&amp;
<date id="AB57CCF1FF85FFDCFB2CFDA98E72FD8F" box="[1192,1309,610,636]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1988-05-19">19.v.1988</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectingMethod id="06A89226FF85FFDCFAADFDA98EF8FD8F" box="[1321,1431,610,636]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">light trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="721C8FE7FF85FFDCFF13FD418B97FD57" box="[151,248,650,676]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. Deng</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFE83FD418A5CFD57" box="[263,307,650,676]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">NU</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="721C8FE7FF85FFDCFEBEFD418A1EFD57" box="[314,369,650,676]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Nos.</collectorName>
05180, 05173)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="6F81E06CFF85FFDCFDB5FD418A22FD3F" collectingDate="1990-06-07" collectionCode="NU" collectorName="X. Wang" country="China" location="Jinxiuluo Town" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingRegion id="1D2D24D3FF85FFDCFDB5FD418867FD57" box="[561,776,650,676]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Guangxi Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="DA36BCEAFF85FFDCFC90FD4188A2FD57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:57405B27FF85FFDDFF13FE948A63FB94:DA36BCEAFF85FFDCFC90FD4188A2FD57" box="[788,973,650,676]" country="China" name="Jinxiuluo Town" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Guangxi">Jinxiuluo Town</location>
,
<specimenCount id="C9EF21B8FF85FFDCFC5DFD418F45FD57" box="[985,1066,650,676]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="AB57CCF1FF85FFDCFBB1FD418FC9FD57" box="[1077,1190,650,676]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1990-06-07">
<collectingDate id="BB133519FF85FFDCFBB1FD418FC9FD57" box="[1077,1190,650,676]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1990-06-07">7.vi.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="06A89226FF85FFDCFB37FD418E45FD57" box="[1203,1322,650,676]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">sweep net</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="721C8FE7FF85FFDCFAB1FD418EF4FD57" box="[1333,1435,650,676]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">X. Wang</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFF1BFD798BA4FD3F" box="[159,203,690,716]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">NU</collectionCode>
No. 1562)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF43FD118E1DFC4F" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF43FD118AB2FD07" bold="true" box="[199,477,730,756]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
The male has a very broad anal point (
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFC2EFD118F70FD00" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[938,1055,730,755]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFC2EFD118F70FD00" box="[938,1055,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">convexum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group), similar to
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFB78FD118EF3FD00" box="[1276,1436,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anale" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB78FD118E65FD00" box="[1276,1290,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFAA7FD118E2DFD00" box="[1315,1346,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFADFFD118EF3FD00" box="[1371,1436,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">anale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFF4CFCC98AC3FCE8" baseAuthorityName="Sasa" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[200,428,770,796]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasumiense" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF4CFCC98BB8FCE8" box="[200,215,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF6AFCC98A62FCE8" box="[238,269,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFEA1FCC98AC3FCE8" box="[293,428,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">kasumiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a distinct median furrow.
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFC9AFCC9889FFCE8" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[798,1008,770,796]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFC9AFCC98842FCE8" box="[798,813,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFCC0FCC9880CFCE8" box="[836,867,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFCFFFCC9889FFCE8" box="[891,1008,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">convexum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the shape of the median furrow which is nearly parallel-sided medially and subapically, but broadens apically; that of
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFA02FCE18A76FC98" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anale" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFA02FCE18EFAFCB0" box="[1414,1429,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF25FC998BAFFC98" box="[161,192,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF5CFC998A76FC98" box="[216,281,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">anale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFED7FC998957FC98" baseAuthorityName="Sasa" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[339,568,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasumiense" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFED7FC998A0DFC98" box="[339,354,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFEFEFC998AF6FC98" box="[378,409,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFE35FC998957FC98" box="[433,568,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">kasumiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are virtually V-shaped. Unlike
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFC2EFC998F25FC98" box="[938,1098,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anale" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFC2EFC9988D6FC98" box="[938,953,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFC55FC99889FFC98" box="[977,1008,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB8DFC998F25FC98" box="[1033,1098,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">anale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFB07FC998E06FC98" baseAuthorityName="Sasa" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1155,1385,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasumiense" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB07FC998FFDFC98" box="[1155,1170,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB2FFC998FA5FC98" box="[1195,1226,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB66FC998E06FC98" box="[1250,1385,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">kasumiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the abdominal segments are not banded.
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFDC9FCB1885BFC60" box="[589,820,890,916]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fanjingense" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFDC9FCB18933FC60" box="[589,604,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFDF1FCB189FBFC60" box="[629,660,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFD29FCB1885BFC60" box="[685,820,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">fanjingense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFCEAFCB18F1EFC60" box="[878,1137,890,916]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toyamadeeum" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFCEAFCB18813FC60" box="[878,892,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFC12FCB188DAFC60" box="[918,949,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFC4AFCB18F1EFC60" box="[974,1137,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">toyamadeeum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a similar anal point with furrow, but both have a very low antennal ratio (0.3–0.4) as opposed to 1.0–
<quantity id="181147D4FF85FFDCFBC9FC698FFFFC4F" box="[1101,1168,930,956]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5559999999999996" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="1.4">1.4 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFB13FC698E05FC48" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1175,1386,930,956]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB13FC698FCAFC48" box="[1175,1189,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB3AFC698FB2FC48" box="[1214,1245,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB71FC698E05FC48" box="[1269,1386,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">convexum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF43FC018FA5FBC7" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
The pupae of both
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFE2AFC0189E8FC10" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[430,647,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFE2AFC018AD2FC10" box="[430,445,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFE5CFC018A98FC10" box="[472,503,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFD96FC0189E8FC10" box="[530,647,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">convexum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFD40FC0188C0FC10" baseAuthorityName="Sasa" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[708,943,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasumiense" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFD40FC0189BCFC10" box="[708,723,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFD6AFC018862FC10" box="[750,781,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFCACFC0188C0FC10" box="[808,943,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">kasumiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack spinules on segments
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFB7FFC018E4CFC17" box="[1275,1315,970,996]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">VII</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFAE6FC018EF7FC17" box="[1378,1432,970,996]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">VIII</collectionCode>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFE91FC398A9AFBF8" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[277,501,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFE91FC398A4BFBF8" box="[277,292,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFEC7FC398A0DFBF8" box="[323,354,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFE04FC398A9AFBF8" box="[384,501,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">convexum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFCA7FC398F7BFBF8" baseAuthorityName="Sasa" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[803,1044,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasumiense" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFCA7FC39885EFBF8" box="[803,817,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFCD4FC398800FBF8" box="[848,879,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFC09FC398F7BFBF8" box="[909,1044,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">kasumiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having 2 spots of posterior shagreen on segments
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFE1BFBD18ADCFBC7" box="[415,435,1050,1076]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">II</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFE47FBD18A8CFBC7" box="[451,483,1050,1076]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">VI</collectionCode>
, as opposed to several rows of shagreen in
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFC59FBD18FACFBC0" baseAuthorityName="Sasa" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[989,1219,1050,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasumiense" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFC59FBD18883FBC0" box="[989,1004,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFB81FBD18F4BFBC0" box="[1029,1060,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFBB8FBD18FACFBC0" box="[1084,1219,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">kasumiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF43FB898915FBAF" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" box="[199,634,1090,1116]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF43FB898A69FBAF" bold="true" box="[199,262,1090,1116]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Male</emphasis>
(n = 4, unless otherwise stated)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF43FBA188A9FB27" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Total length 2.64–2.82 (2) mm. Wing length 1.37–1.89,
<quantity id="181147D4FF85FFDCFCEFFBA188B7FB77" box="[875,984,1130,1156]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="1.59">1.59 mm</quantity>
. Total length / wing length 1.59–1.68 (2). Wing length / length of profemur 2.12–2.36 (3). Thorax dark brown on postnotum, preepisternum and scutum; abdomen pale brown; femur, tibia and tarsi yellowish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF43FB288A53FA6F" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF43FB288A61FB0F" box="[199,270,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Head.</emphasis>
AR 1.15–1.35, 1.22. Ultimate flagellomere 494–621, 542 µm long. Temporal setae 9–10 including 3 (1) inner verticals, 4 (1) outer verticals, and 2 (1) postorbitals. Clypeus with 18–24, 20 setae. Tentorium 114–117 (3) µm long, 5–7 (3) µm wide at posterior tentorial pit. Stipes 133 (1) µm long. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 32–61 (3); 44–56 (3); 96–105, 104; 114–127, 121; 189–209 (2). Fifth palpomere / third palpomere 1.80–2.16 (2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF43FA608E5AFA37" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" box="[199,1333,1450,1476]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF43FA608A4CFA37" box="[199,291,1451,1476]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Thorax.</emphasis>
Acrostichals 11–18, 14; dorsocentrals 15–17, 16; prealars 4–5, 5.
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF85FFDCFBAFFA618FCDFA37" box="[1067,1186,1450,1476]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="48" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scutellum</taxonomicName>
with 6–8, 7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF43FA188A1EF966" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF43FA188A64FA1F" box="[199,267,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Wing.</emphasis>
Anal lobe moderately developed. VR 1.21–1.27, 1.24. Brachiolum with 1 seta, Sc 14–17 (3) setae;
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFF13FA318BC5F9E7" box="[151,170,1530,1556]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">R</collectionCode>
with 20–28, 24;
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFEF7FA318AE9F9E7" box="[371,390,1530,1556]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="436DE874FF85FFDCFE03F9C18AE0F9EB" attach="left" box="[391,399,1546,1560]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">1</subScript>
with 25–38, 30;
<collectionCode id="B9F872F4FF85FFDCFDD3FA318905F9E7" box="[599,618,1530,1556]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="436DE874FF85FFDCFDEFF9C189ECF9EB" attach="left" box="[619,643,1546,1560]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">4+5</subScript>
with 46–60, 52; M with 8–16 (3);
<collectingRegion id="1D2D24D3FF85FFDCFB9FFA318F26F9E7" box="[1051,1097,1530,1556]" country="Kenya" name="Lamu" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">RM</collectingRegion>
with 2 (3); M
<subScript id="436DE874FF85FFDCFB6BF9C18E67F9EB" attach="left" box="[1263,1288,1546,1560]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">1+2</subScript>
with 40–81, 63; M with 27–39, 34; Cu with 12–39, 25; Cu
<subScript id="436DE874FF85FFDCFD50F9FE89B3F9B0" attach="left" box="[724,732,1589,1603]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">1</subScript>
with 11–25, 17; PCu with 38–40 (3); An with 11 (1) setae. Cells m basal of
<collectingRegion id="1D2D24D3FF85FFDCFEDEF99B8AE4F999" box="[346,395,1616,1642]" country="Kenya" name="Lamu" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">RM</collectingRegion>
, r
<subScript id="436DE874FF85FFDCFE24F9AB8AD6F99D" attach="left" box="[416,441,1632,1646]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">4+5</subScript>
, m
<subScript id="436DE874FF85FFDCFE5AF9AB8A98F99D" attach="left" box="[478,503,1632,1646]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">1+2</subScript>
, m
<subScript id="436DE874FF85FFDCFD98F9AB8959F99D" attach="left" box="[540,566,1632,1646]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">3+4</subScript>
, and cu plus an each with just more than 100 sparse macrotrichia. Squama with 5–8 (3) setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF5BF9FE8B98F9B0" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" box="[223,247,1589,1603]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<subScript id="436DE874FF85FFDCFF5BF9FE8B98F9B0" attach="left" box="[223,247,1589,1603]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">3+4</subScript>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDCFF43F96888B4F8C6" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF43F9688A69F94F" box="[199,262,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Legs.</emphasis>
Scale on foretibia 28–34, 32 µm long; with 7–10, 9 µm long triangular spur. Spurs on midtibia 56– 68, 64 µm long; on hind tibia 63–84, 69 µm long. Comb on midtibia 13–23, 19 µm long; combs on hind tibia 21–30, 25 µm and 12–18, 17 µm long. Width at apex of foretibia 43–47, 44 µm; of midtibia 40–49, 46 µm; of hind tibia 47–52, 50 µm. Length and proportions of legs as in
<tableCitation id="926BDF8AFF85FFDCFCEBF8D088B8F8C6" box="[879,983,1819,1845]" captionStart="TABLE 12" captionStartId="49.[151,239,306,330]" captionText="TABLE 12. Length (in µm) and proportions of legs of Polypedilum (Pe.) convexum (Johannsen), male (n = 3–4, unless otherwise stated)." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Table 12</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF85FFDDFF43F88889C9FEF1" blockId="48.[151,1437,570,2005]" lastBlockId="49.[151,1436,152,258]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF85FFDCFF43F8888A32F8AF" box="[199,349,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="47D2F6B4FF85FFDCFEEAF8888AB5F8AE" box="[366,474,1859,1885]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="47.[151,254,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,201,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-176@47.[226,1360,161,1640]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 13. Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) chutteri Harrison, male (A–C) and P. (Pe.) convexum (Johannsen), male (D– I). A—foretibial scale; B, E—hypopygium; C, G–I—superior volsella; D—anal point; F—inferior volsella." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
). Tergite IX with 13–14 (2) setae, laterosternite IX with 1–4, 2 setae. Anal point (
<figureCitation id="47D2F6B4FF85FFDCFF1BF8A08A63F876" box="[159,268,1899,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="47.[151,254,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,201,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-176@47.[226,1360,161,1640]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 13. Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) chutteri Harrison, male (A–C) and P. (Pe.) convexum (Johannsen), male (D– I). A—foretibial scale; B, E—hypopygium; C, G–I—superior volsella; D—anal point; F—inferior volsella." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
) with distinct median furrow; 52–75, 68 µm long; 40–68, 48 µm wide at base, 20–26, 24 µm at apex; median furrow 9–11, 10 µm long. Transverse sternapodeme 47–58, 52 µm long; phallapodeme 58–86, 65 µm long. Gonocoxite 133–158, 150 µm long. Superior volsella (
<figureCitation id="47D2F6B4FF85FFDCFC2EF8708F5EF826" box="[938,1073,1979,2005]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="47.[151,254,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,201,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-176@47.[226,1360,161,1640]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 13. Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) chutteri Harrison, male (A–C) and P. (Pe.) convexum (Johannsen), male (D– I). A—foretibial scale; B, E—hypopygium; C, G–I—superior volsella; D—anal point; F—inferior volsella." pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 13G–I</figureCitation>
) 37–49, 44 µm long; base with microtrichia and 3–4 inner setae; projection needle-like, apex with 1 seta. Inferior volsella (
<figureCitation id="47D2F6B4FF84FFDDFB50FF538E55FF41" box="[1236,1338,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="47.[151,254,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,201,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-176@47.[226,1360,161,1640]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 13. Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) chutteri Harrison, male (A–C) and P. (Pe.) convexum (Johannsen), male (D– I). A—foretibial scale; B, E—hypopygium; C, G–I—superior volsella; D—anal point; F—inferior volsella." pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 13F</figureCitation>
) 78–96, 85 µm long; parallel-sided and slender, with 1 prominent apical seta. Gonostylus slender, 105–125, 119 µm long. HR 1.21–1.31, 1.26; HV 2.11–2.26 (2).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8B96BAB9FF84FFDDFF13FEF98A3CFE9F" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" startId="49.[151,239,306,330]">
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF84FFDDFF13FEF98A3CFE9F" blockId="49.[151,1436,306,364]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF84FFDDFF13FEF98A78FEB9" bold="true" box="[151,279,306,330]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">TABLE 12.</emphasis>
Length (in µm) and proportions of legs of
<taxonomicName id="18E991B2FF84FFDDFD6DFEF98FC7FEBA" authority="(Johannsen)" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[745,1192,306,329]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF84FFDDFD6DFEF9881FFEBA" box="[745,880,306,329]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Polypedilum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF84FFDDFC04FEF988CCFEBA" box="[896,931,306,329]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pe.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF84FFDDFC37FEF98F72FEBA" box="[947,1053,306,329]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">convexum</emphasis>
(Johannsen)
</taxonomicName>
, male (n = 3–4, unless otherwise stated).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF84FFDDFEADFE468E4CFD12" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<table id="ADE91891FF840013FF1BFE468E3DFD15" box="[159,1362,397,742]" colsContinueIn="64.[159,1387,686,1031]" gridcols="7" gridrows="8" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<tr id="61D9E873FF840013FF1BFE468E3DFE5A" box="[159,1362,397,425]" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="2208810FFF840013FEADFE468AD3FE5A" box="[297,444,397,425]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">fe</th>
<th id="2208810FFF840013FE73FE4689E5FE5A" box="[503,650,397,425]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ti</th>
<th id="2208810FFF840013FD41FE468803FE5A" box="[709,876,397,425]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ta1</th>
<th id="2208810FFF840013FC10FE46888DFE5A" box="[916,994,397,425]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ta2</th>
<th id="2208810FFF840013FB87FE468FCDFE5A" box="[1027,1186,397,425]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ta3</th>
<th id="2208810FFF840013FB57FE468E3DFE5A" box="[1235,1362,397,425]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ta4</th>
</tr>
<tr id="61D9E873FF840013FF1BFE718E3DFE25" box="[159,1362,442,470]" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<th id="2208810FFF840013FF1BFE718BDCFE25" box="[159,179,442,470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">p1</th>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FEADFE718AD3FE25" box="[297,444,442,470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">649–800</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FE73FE7189E5FE25" box="[503,650,442,470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">367–452, 416</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FD41FE718803FE25" box="[709,876,442,470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">704–971</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FC10FE718FCDFE25" box="[916,1186,442,470]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">499–569 376–428</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB57FE718E3DFE25" box="[1235,1362,442,470]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">273–321</td>
</tr>
<tr id="61D9E873FF840013FF1BFE238E3DFDF0" box="[159,1362,488,515]" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<th id="2208810FFF840013FF1BFE238BDCFDF0" box="[159,179,488,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">p2</th>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FEADFE238AD3FDF0" box="[297,444,488,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">688–903, 804</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FE73FE2389E5FDF0" box="[503,650,488,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">546–696, 624</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FD41FE238803FDF0" box="[709,876,488,515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">389 (1)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FC10FE23888DFDF0" box="[916,994,488,515]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">224 (1)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB87FE238FCDFDF0" box="[1027,1186,488,515]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">156 (1)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB57FE238E3DFDF0" box="[1235,1362,488,515]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">101 (1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="61D9E873FF840013FF1BFDDE8E3DFDC2" box="[159,1362,533,561]" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<th id="2208810FFF840013FF1BFDDE8BDCFDC2" box="[159,179,533,561]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">p3</th>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FEADFDDE8AD3FDC2" box="[297,444,533,561]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">743–979, 876</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FE73FDDE89E5FDC2" box="[503,650,533,561]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">621–809, 715</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FD41FDDE8803FDC2" box="[709,876,533,561]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">480–593</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FC10FDDE8FCDFDC2" box="[916,1186,533,561]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">263–311 235–282</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB57FDDE8E3DFDC2" box="[1235,1362,533,561]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">141–165</td>
</tr>
<tr id="61D9E873FF840013FF1BFD898E3DFDAD" box="[159,1362,578,606]" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="2208810FFF840013FEADFD898AD3FDAD" box="[297,444,578,606]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ta5</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FE73FD8989E5FDAD" box="[503,650,578,606]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">LR</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FD41FD898803FDAD" box="[709,876,578,606]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">BV</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB87FD898FCDFDAD" box="[1027,1186,578,606]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">SV</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB57FD898E3DFDAD" box="[1235,1362,578,606]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">BR</td>
</tr>
<tr id="61D9E873FF840013FF1BFDBB8E3DFD78" box="[159,1362,624,651]" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<th id="2208810FFF840013FF1BFDBB8BDCFD78" box="[159,179,624,651]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">p1</th>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FEADFDBB8AD3FD78" box="[297,444,624,651]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">118–137</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FE73FDBB89E5FD78" box="[503,650,624,651]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2.25–2.29</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FD41FDBB888DFD78" box="[709,994,624,651]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1.46–1.60</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB87FDBB8FCDFD78" box="[1027,1186,624,651]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1.21 (1)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB57FDBB8E3DFD78" box="[1235,1362,624,651]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">3.3 (1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="61D9E873FF840013FF1BFD568E3DFD4A" box="[159,1362,669,697]" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="2208810FFF840013FF1BFD568BDCFD4A" box="[159,179,669,697]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">p2</th>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FEADFD568AD3FD4A" box="[297,444,669,697]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">46 (1)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FE73FD5689E5FD4A" box="[503,650,669,697]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">0.62 (1)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FD41FD568803FD4A" box="[709,876,669,697]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">3.45 (1)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB87FD568FCDFD4A" box="[1027,1186,669,697]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">3.67 (1)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB57FD568E3DFD4A" box="[1235,1362,669,697]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4.7 (1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="61D9E873FF840013FF1BFD018E3DFD15" box="[159,1362,714,742]" gridrow="7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<th id="2208810FFF840013FF1BFD018BDCFD15" box="[159,179,714,742]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">p3</th>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FEADFD018AD3FD15" box="[297,444,714,742]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">55–66</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FE73FD0189E5FD15" box="[503,650,714,742]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">0.73–0.78</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FD41FD01888DFD15" box="[709,994,714,742]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2.61–2.94 (2)</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB87FD018FCDFD15" box="[1027,1186,714,742]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">2.83–3.02</td>
<td id="2208810FFF840013FB57FD018E3DFD15" box="[1235,1362,714,742]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">3.7–6.3</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF84FFDDFF43FCFE8E54FCBC" blockId="49.[151,1436,821,1127]" box="[199,1339,821,847]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Pupa and larva. The immature stages are illustrated and partially redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="BB7897C0FF84FFDDFBF0FCFE8E58FCBC" author="Cranston, P. S." box="[1140,1335,821,847]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 376" refId="ref90710" refString="Cranston, P. S. (1996) Identification guide to the Chironomidae of south Wales. Australian Water Technologies Pty Ltd, West Ryde, NSW. AWT Identification Guide, 1, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1996">Cranston (1996)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="97F3B9BAFF84FFDDFF43FC968F11FC1C" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF84FFDDFF43FC968F11FC1C" blockId="49.[151,1436,821,1127]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF84FFDDFF43FC968A2FFC84" bold="true" box="[199,320,861,887]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Remarks.</emphasis>
In the illustration of the male hypopygium in
<bibRefCitation id="BB7897C0FF84FFDDFCDDFC968F0CFC84" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[857,1123,861,887]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="503 - 552" refId="ref91506" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1932) Chironominae of the Malayan subregion of the Dutch East Indies. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, 11, 503 - 552." type="journal article" year="1932">Johannsen (1932: 553)</bibRefCitation>
the projection of the superior volsella lacks a lateral seta. However, this seta is apparently present in all specimens examined thereafter by other authors. Johannsen also described the male abdomen as yellow with thin brown bands posteriorly; in subsequent publications it is either described as yellowish or pale brown, not banded.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="97F3B9BAFF84FFDDFF43FC368A63FB94" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="DF56EA31FF84FFDDFF43FC368A63FB94" blockId="49.[151,1436,821,1127]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="ED9D3623FF84FFDDFF43FC368964FBE4" bold="true" box="[199,523,1021,1047]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF84FFDDFD92FC3689E5FBE4" box="[534,650,1021,1047]" name="Indonesia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF84FFDDFD1FFC36880EFBE4" box="[667,865,1021,1047]" name="Micronesia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Caroline Islands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF84FFDDFCF4FC3688D6FBE4" box="[880,953,1021,1047]" name="China" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF84FFDDFC4DFC368F60FBE4" box="[969,1039,1021,1047]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF84FFDDFB9AFC368F1AFBE4" box="[1054,1141,1021,1047]" name="Bhutan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF84FFDDFB01FC368FABFBE4" box="[1157,1220,1021,1047]" name="India" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF84FFDDFB50FC368E77FBE4" box="[1236,1304,1021,1047]" name="Palau" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Palau</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A7FEAAA1FF84FFDDFAACFC368AE3FBCC" name="Micronesia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Federated States of Micronesia</collectingCountry>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="BB7897C0FF84FFDDFDBEFBEE885AFBCC" author="Cranston, P. S." box="[570,821,1061,1087]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 376" refId="ref90710" refString="Cranston, P. S. (1996) Identification guide to the Chironomidae of south Wales. Australian Water Technologies Pty Ltd, West Ryde, NSW. AWT Identification Guide, 1, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1996">Cranston (1996: 258)</bibRefCitation>
the species is acidophilic and may be found in phytotelmata.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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