1247 lines
187 KiB
XML
1247 lines
187 KiB
XML
<document id="A7ED30AEC6165C9521F42135492581DF" ID-CLB-Dataset="110548" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5159.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24a742a3-0ce8-499a-a9ff-cf26c4921daa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6770793" ID-ZooBank="E11FA904-6250-4020-B5B6-EC212D42CCC7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1656415467980" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Abe, Hirokazu, Hoshino, Osamu, Yamada, Kazuyuki, Ogino, Tetsuya, Kawaida, Shun & Sato-Okoshi, Waka" docDate="2022" docId="4305878FFFBFFF87FF1CFF0117D3FC14" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5159.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5159 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polydora tunicola Abe, Hoshino & Yamada 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="45399271-214B-42C0-9DAF-40661AEE1B2C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="BF3CFFF7FFB9FF89FF8BFF96155BFFDD" masterDocTitle="A novel symbiotic relationship between ascidians and a new tunic-boring polychaete (Annelida: Spionidae: Polydora)" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699352433847" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DAD2AFB99DCE76DB6C29478195F6FA01">A novel symbiotic relationship between ascidians and a new tunic-boring polychaete (Annelida: Spionidae: Polydora)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8502E14236C3CAA1950FC979C2DE94E5">Abe, Hirokazu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3CE667E75467506A3111A7D42C5D0956">Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ishinomaki Senshu University, Shinmito 1, Minamisakai, Ishinomaki, Miyagi 986 - 8580, Japan. habe @ isenshu-u. ac. jp, abehiro 13 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7753 - 9368 & Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1 - 1 - 1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028 - 3694, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C7F29812B6F920C862F0D90720E4253" type="email">abehiro13@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9456A9B9C062B55D57A03B0F0446506F">Hoshino, Osamu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="81EF910AD2683EBD59982A507760EDD6">Diving Service Chap, Okada Shinkai 118 - 2, Oshima-cho, Izu-Oshima, Tokyo 100 - 0102, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="916031D82F641B304B00EE1529FB5733">Yamada, Kazuyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BA0F455F5F84556EDF33D6972C8B93CC">Freelancer of Benthos Worker, Nishi Narashino 3 - 20 - 3 - 101, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274 - 0815, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7CD3A6EEABC712DC29962C7A871658D0">Ogino, Tetsuya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D8284E7F5B663BACE25A13D9E5D5507E">Regional Fish Institute, Ltd., Yoshida-Honmachi 36 - 1, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto 606 - 8501, Japan. & Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606 - 8502, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2AC0AD501D771E23C8E17404D716882C">Kawaida, Shun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F7F4391B302276B80DC1368CE1F99CF0">Aquatic Ecology Division, Estuary Research Center, Shimane University, Nishikawatsu-cho 1060, Matsue-shi, Shimane 690 - 8504, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5D0E1EB581A8CCC336BC1AACFE66C646">Sato-Okoshi, Waka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F4F509797F56EE1EA24634567C1ABDA">Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 468 - 1, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi 980 - 8572, Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="96590F1B34CBE06D08A8330B71D06CC7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E2F6F8D996AB6D757D37649D528CAE6A">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="05B9CA3B139E64A584C6F54AFEC7B17C">2022-06-28</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4305878FFFBFFF87FF1CFF0117D3FC14" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6773020" ID-GBIF-Taxon="198141098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6773020" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:45399271-214B-42C0-9DAF-40661AEE1B2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4305878FFFBFFF87FF1CFF0117D3FC14" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFBFFF8FFF1CFF0117F4FF6C" ID-CoL="9CBGP" authority="Abe, Hoshino & Yamada" authorityName="Abe, Hoshino & Yamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,687,151,178]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFF1CFF011434FF6F" bold="true" box="[151,367,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
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Abe, Hoshino & Yamada
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFBFFF8FFD30FF011642FF6C" box="[699,793,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="83B66512FFBFFF8FFF1CFF2A177AFF08" box="[151,545,187,214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF1CFF2A177AFF08" blockId="6.[151,961,151,286]" box="[151,545,187,214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">[Japanese name: Hoyano-poridora]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="83B66512FFBFFF8FFF1CFF49169AFEC3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF1CFF491449FF24" blockId="6.[151,961,151,286]" box="[151,274,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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(
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<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFF14FF491451FF24" box="[159,266,223,249]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1803,1827]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetBox-1="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@9.[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of preserved specimens (holotype: NSMT- Pol H-855). A: entire body. B: anterior end, dorsal view. C: anterior end, lateral view. D: posterior end, lateral view. E: posterior end, dorsal view. F: posterior end, ventral view. Scale bars: (A) = 5 mm; (B–C) = 1 mm; (D–F) = 500 μm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. A: palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. protruding from their burrows in the tunics of the sessile ascidian Polycarpa cf. cryptocarpa kroboja. B: closeup of palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. C, D: tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. concentrated on near siphons of the ascidians. E: juvenile of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. (arrowhead) constructing a mucous tube on the siphons of the ascidians but not yet bore into the tunic. F: cross-section of a host ascidian showing many pairs of boreholes filled with mud tubes (arrowheads) of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. in the host tunic. Photo by O. Hoshino (A–E) and H. Abe (F)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770801" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770805" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6770801/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6770805/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF1CFE95169AFEC3" blockId="6.[151,961,151,286]" box="[151,961,259,286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<uri id="BF3D3A9BFFBFFF8FFF1CFE95169AFEC3" box="[151,961,259,286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF1CFEDE17D7FEBD" blockId="6.[151,670,327,383]" box="[151,652,327,352]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFBFFF8FFF1CFEDE15A7FEBD" ID-CoL="84KSM" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,252,328,352]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Spionidae</taxonomicName>
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sp.: Hoshino 2016: page 50–51, 3 figs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF1CFEF017C5FEA3" blockId="6.[151,670,327,383]" box="[151,670,358,383]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFBFFF8FFF1CFEF01447FEA3" box="[151,284,358,382]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFF1CFEF015AEFEA3" box="[151,245,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Polydora</emphasis>
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sp.
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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: Hoshino 2020: page 100–105, 9 figs.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFF1CFE3B141FFE1B" bold="true" box="[151,324,428,455]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type material.</emphasis>
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: NSMT-Pol H-855,
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,
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="2B77ACE3FFBFFF8FFA99FE3A1002FE1B" box="[1298,1369,428,454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tokyo</collectingMunicipality>
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Pref., subtidal,
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depth, rocky shore, isolated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFBFFF8FFD20FE46168BFE37" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[683,976,464,490]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFD20FE46167BFE37" box="[683,800,464,490]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Polycarpa</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFCCCFE47168BFE37" box="[839,976,465,490]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cryptocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFC5DFE461177FE37" box="[982,1068,464,490]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">kroboja</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="AF56E9B1FFBFFF8FFBB3FE4711A9FE37" box="[1080,1266,464,491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<date id="BF121059FFBFFF8FFBB3FE4711F7FE36" box="[1080,1196,465,491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2004-08">04 August</date>
|
||
, 2016
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="DDAAFD10FFBFFF8FFB70FE4610CEFE36" box="[1275,1429,464,491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic" typeStatus="Paratypes">
|
||
35
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFA96FE4710CEFE36" bold="true" box="[1309,1429,465,491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
: NSMT-Pol P-856, Akinohama,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AE98505EFFBFFF8FFE7EFE621736FDD2" box="[501,621,500,527]" degrees="34.7868" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="5" value="34.7868">34.7868 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AE98505EFFBFFF8FFDFCFE6317A2FDD2" box="[631,761,501,527]" degrees="139.4088" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="5" value="139.4088">139.4088 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Izu-Oshima Island,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0968F87BFFBFFF8FFC54FE62113EFDD3" box="[991,1125,500,526]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tokyo Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
, subtidal,
|
||
<quantity id="0C549B7CFFBFFF8FFB5FFE631057FDD2" box="[1236,1292,501,527]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, rocky shore, isolated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFBFFF8FFE0EFD8E17E8FDEF" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[389,691,536,562]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFE0EFD8E14A1FDEF" box="[389,506,536,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Polycarpa</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFDA1FD8F17E8FDEF" box="[554,691,537,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cryptocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFD37FD8E1649FDEF" box="[700,786,536,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">kroboja</emphasis>
|
||
, 04 August, 2016;
|
||
<specimenCount id="DDAAFD10FFBFFF8FFC7AFD8F112DFDEE" box="[1009,1142,537,563]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic" typeStatus="Paratype">
|
||
1
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFB82FD8F112DFDEE" bold="true" box="[1033,1142,537,563]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
: NSMT-Pol P-857, Sakai Port,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AE98505EFFBFFF8FFF5FFDAA1416FD8A" box="[212,333,572,599]" degrees="33.7436" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="5" value="33.7436">33.7436 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AE98505EFFBFFF8FFED3FDAA1480FD8A" box="[344,475,572,599]" degrees="135.3325" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="5" value="135.3325">135.3325 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Minabe Town,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0968F87BFFBFFF8FFD1BFDAA1617FD8B" box="[656,844,572,598]" country="Japan" name="Wakayama" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Wakayama Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
, isolated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFBFFF8FFC79FDAA11D4FD8A" box="[1010,1167,572,599]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFC79FDAA113CFD8B" box="[1010,1127,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Polycarpa</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 01 April, 2021.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83B66512FFBFFF8FFF4CFDF715BDF80F" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF4CFDF71591FC8F" blockId="6.[151,1437,428,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFF4CFDF71493FDA7" bold="true" box="[199,456,608,635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<typeStatus id="1417883BFFBFFF8FFF4CFDF7146FFDA6" box="[199,308,609,635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
description.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A complete 107-chaetiger individual, measuring
|
||
<quantity id="0C549B7CFFBFFF8FFC7BFDF71165FDA6" box="[1008,1086,609,635]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="0C549B7CFFBFFF8FFB27FDF71059FDA6" box="[1196,1282,609,635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at chaetiger 5. Body light tan in alcohol (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFD99FD12170EFD42" box="[530,597,644,671]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of preserved specimens (holotype: NSMT- Pol H-855). A: entire body. B: anterior end, dorsal view. C: anterior end, lateral view. D: posterior end, lateral view. E: posterior end, dorsal view. F: posterior end, ventral view. Scale bars: (A) = 5 mm; (B–C) = 1 mm; (D–F) = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770801/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) and yellow in life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFCB3FD1216EFFD42" box="[824,948,644,671]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
); yellow pigmentation present on prostomium, peristomium, dorsal, ventral, and lateral sides of body in preserved specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFBA0FD3E1134FD1E" box="[1067,1135,680,707]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of preserved specimens (holotype: NSMT- Pol H-855). A: entire body. B: anterior end, dorsal view. C: anterior end, lateral view. D: posterior end, lateral view. E: posterior end, dorsal view. F: posterior end, ventral view. Scale bars: (A) = 5 mm; (B–C) = 1 mm; (D–F) = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770801/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), but difficult to observe in fresh condition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFEC5FD5A1491FD3A" box="[334,458,716,743]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prostomium rounded on anterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFC27FD5A1155FD3A" box="[940,1038,716,743]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of preserved specimens (holotype: NSMT- Pol H-855). A: entire body. B: anterior end, dorsal view. C: anterior end, lateral view. D: posterior end, lateral view. E: posterior end, dorsal view. F: posterior end, ventral view. Scale bars: (A) = 5 mm; (B–C) = 1 mm; (D–F) = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770801/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFB92FD5B1164FD3A" box="[1049,1087,717,743]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
); eyes absent; caruncle extends posteriorly to middle of chaetiger 3, with small median antenna present on caruncle at level of chaetiger 1. Palps extending posteriorly for about 11 chaetigers, color in alcohol opaque white to light tan, without black pigmentation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF4CFCCA1047FB67" blockId="6.[151,1437,428,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Chaetiger 1 with small noto- and neuropodial postchaetal lamellae compared to subsequent chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFAE4FCCA15E6FC46" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
); notochaetae absent, short capillary neurochaetae present. Postchaetal lamellae well developed on anterior chaetigers except chaetiger 5, gradually reduced on posterior chaetigers. Prechaetal lamellae absent in all parapodia. Neuro- and notochaetae of chaetiger 2–4, 6 winged capillaries, arranged in two rows; capillaries in anterior row more curved and winged than those in posterior row. Number of capillaries per fascicle and wings in capillaries in notopodia of succeeding chaetigers diminished gradually; rows of notochaetae becoming indistinct in posterior chaetigers. Posterior notochaetae only capillaries. Hooded hooks of neuropodia from chaetiger 7 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFB62FBA21038FB92" box="[1257,1379,1076,1103]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), not accompanied by capillaries; hooks bidentate, with main fang at right angle to shaft and acute angle with apical tooth; slightly curved shaft having constriction in upper part; curve and constriction of shaft weak in hooks from 7th chaetiger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFF51FB36146AFB66" box="[218,305,1184,1211]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
|
||
) but develop gradually toward posterior chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFCF7FB3616B0FB66" box="[892,1003,1184,1211]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
)); hooks up to
|
||
<quantity id="0C549B7CFFBFFF8FFB1EFB371195FB67" box="[1173,1230,1184,1211]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF4CFB52112BFA96" blockId="6.[151,1437,428,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Chaetiger 5 slightly larger than either chaetiger 4 or 6; not overlapping chaetiger 6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFBE4FB521189FB02" box="[1135,1234,1220,1247]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of preserved specimens (holotype: NSMT- Pol H-855). A: entire body. B: anterior end, dorsal view. C: anterior end, lateral view. D: posterior end, lateral view. E: posterior end, dorsal view. F: posterior end, ventral view. Scale bars: (A) = 5 mm; (B–C) = 1 mm; (D–F) = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770801/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFB56FB531058FB02" box="[1245,1283,1221,1247]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
); with curved oblique row of 10 dorsal falcate major spines alternating with pennoned companion chaetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFB44FB7E107CFADE" box="[1231,1319,1256,1283]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
); Anterior spines in a row falcate with lateral tooth; posterior spines in a row simple falcate or falcate with a rough-edged transverse shelf (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFEDEFAA614F0FA96" box="[341,427,1328,1355]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral tuft of four short winged capillaries present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFB80FAA61138FA96" box="[1035,1123,1328,1355]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF4CFAC21687FA6B" blockId="6.[151,1437,428,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Branchiae from chaetiger 7 to end of body, absent only from six posterior-most chaetigers, short, not overlapping mid-dorsal, full-sized from chaetiger 9 or 10 to middle of body, then decreased in size; free from notopodial postchaetal lamellae, with flattened surfaces oriented parallel to body axis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF4CFA5610C9FA22" blockId="6.[151,1437,428,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Pygidium wide disc with mid-dorsal gap; white-colored with black rim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFC7CFA56112BFA06" box="[1015,1136,1472,1499]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of preserved specimens (holotype: NSMT- Pol H-855). A: entire body. B: anterior end, dorsal view. C: anterior end, lateral view. D: posterior end, lateral view. E: posterior end, dorsal view. F: posterior end, ventral view. Scale bars: (A) = 5 mm; (B–C) = 1 mm; (D–F) = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770801/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2D–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). No gizzard-like structure in digestive tract. Glandular pouches in neuropodia from chaetiger 7 onward, largest in chaetigers 9–12 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFAA0FA7210DEFA22" box="[1323,1413,1508,1535]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFBFFF8FFF4CF99E15BDF80F" blockId="6.[151,1437,428,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBFFF8FFF4CF99E1416F9FF" bold="true" box="[199,333,1544,1570]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Variability.</emphasis>
|
||
The largest individual
|
||
<quantity id="0C549B7CFFBFFF8FFDC1F99F17C3F9FE" box="[586,664,1545,1571]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="0C549B7CFFBFFF8FFD57F99F166BF9FE" box="[732,816,1545,1571]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide for 107 chaetigers (
|
||
<typeStatus id="1417883BFFBFFF8FFBCDF99E11EEF9FF" box="[1094,1205,1544,1570]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Body pigmentation brown and/or yellow may be present on palp, prostomium, peristomium, dorsal and ventral sides, and pygidium. Bands of black pigment, probably remnants of larval pigmentation, on dorsal side of anterior chaetigers in small individuals. Prostomium rounded or weakly incised on anterior margin. Eyes usually absent in large worms, but occasionally present in small individuals especially in juveniles; four black eyes arranged as trapezoid shape, anterior pair widely spaced, posterior pair closely spaced. Caruncle extending posteriorly to end of chaetiger 2 or 3. Median antenna fingerlike (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFEF9F9761491F926" box="[370,458,1760,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
) or small and indistinct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFD69F9761661F926" box="[738,826,1760,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1780]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of preserved specimens (holotype: NSMT- Pol H-855). A: entire body. B: anterior end, dorsal view. C: anterior end, lateral view. D: posterior end, lateral view. E: posterior end, dorsal view. F: posterior end, ventral view. Scale bars: (A) = 5 mm; (B–C) = 1 mm; (D–F) = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770801/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palp length varied depending on degree of extension at fixation, extending as long as body length in live individuals especially in juvenile. Tip of anterior most spines in a row in chaetiger 5 occasionally chipped. Tip of companion chaetae often feather-like especially anterior in a row (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFBFFF8FFF59F8DA1473F8BA" box="[210,296,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chaetiger 5 without dorsal superior capillaries but with ventral capillaries. Pygidium cup-shape to a wide flare-disc with mid-dorsal gap; white colored with black or brown rim. Pygidium of several specimens without black or brown rim, possibly due to intraspecific variation, but probably also due to susceptibility to tearing at this region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="9FD36611FFBEFF8EFF1CF89D1192F8B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6770801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770801/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[151,250,1803,1827]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1780]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFBEFF8EFF1CF89D1192F8B1" blockId="7.[151,1437,1803,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBEFF8EFF1CF89D1449F8F9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1803,1828]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFBEFF8EFE93F89A148BF8F9" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[280,464,1804,1828]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBEFF8EFE93F89A148BF8F9" box="[280,464,1804,1828]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFBEFF8EFE5EF89A177EF8F9" bold="true" box="[469,549,1804,1828]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFBEFF8EFE5EF89A177EF8F9" box="[469,549,1804,1828]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Light micrographs showing the morphology of preserved specimens (holotype: NSMTPol H-855). A: entire body. B: anterior end, dorsal view. C: anterior end, lateral view. D: posterior end, lateral view. E: posterior end, dorsal view. F: posterior end, ventral view. Scale bars: (A) = 5 mm; (B–C) = 1 mm; (D–F) = 500 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FD36611FFB1FF81FF1CF94F119CF830" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" targetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB1FF81FF1CF94F119CF830" blockId="8.[151,1437,1753,2029]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB1FF81FF1CF94F1449F92C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1753,1777]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB1FF81FE93F94F1495F92C" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[280,462,1753,1777]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB1FF81FE93F94F1495F92C" box="[280,462,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB1FF81FE5FF94F177FF92C" bold="true" box="[468,548,1753,1777]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB1FF81FE5FF94F177FF92C" box="[468,548,1753,1777]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FD36611FFB0FF80FF1CF89E17CCF808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6770805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770805/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1777]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB0FF80FF1CF89E17CCF808" blockId="9.[151,1436,1800,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FF1CF89E1448F8FD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1800,1824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB0FF80FE92F89F148AF8FC" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,465,1801,1825]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FE92F89F148AF8FC" box="[281,465,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FE5CF89F177CF8FC" bold="true" box="[471,551,1801,1825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB0FF80FE5CF89F177CF8FC" box="[471,551,1801,1825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A: palps and mud tubes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB0FF80FCB6F89F16AEF8FC" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[829,1013,1801,1825]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FCB6F89F16AEF8FC" box="[829,1013,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FC70F89F1110F8FC" bold="true" box="[1019,1099,1801,1825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB0FF80FC70F89F1110F8FC" box="[1019,1099,1801,1825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
protruding from their burrows in the tunics of the sessile ascidian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB0FF80FE55F8BB17B2F899" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[478,745,1837,1861]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FE55F8BB1713F898" box="[478,584,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Polycarpa</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FDE6F8BB17B2F899" box="[621,745,1837,1860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">cryptocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FD65F8BB1667F898" box="[750,828,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">kroboja</emphasis>
|
||
. B: closeup of palps and mud tubes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB0FF80FB4AF8BB1023F898" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1217,1400,1837,1861]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FB4AF8BB1023F898" box="[1217,1400,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FAF5F8BB1598F8B4" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB0FF80FAF5F8BB1598F8B4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
C, D: tubes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB0FF80FEEAF8C71742F8B4" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[353,537,1873,1897]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FEEAF8C71742F8B4" box="[353,537,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FDABF8C7172AF8B4" bold="true" box="[544,625,1873,1897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB0FF80FDABF8C7172AF8B4" box="[544,625,1873,1897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
concentrated on near siphons of the ascidians. E: juvenile of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB0FF80FB6FF8C710C7F8B4" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1252,1436,1873,1897]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FB6FF8C710C7F8B4" box="[1252,1436,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FF1CF8E315BCF850" bold="true" box="[151,231,1909,1933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB0FF80FF1CF8E315BCF850" box="[151,231,1909,1933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(arrowhead) constructing a mucous tube on the siphons of the ascidians but not yet bore into the tunic. F: cross-section of a host ascidian showing many pairs of boreholes filled with mud tubes (arrowheads) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB0FF80FBAAF80F1183F86C" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1057,1240,1945,1969]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FBAAF80F1183F86C" box="[1057,1240,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB0FF80FB55F80F1075F86C" bold="true" box="[1246,1326,1945,1969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB0FF80FB55F80F1075F86C" box="[1246,1326,1945,1969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the host tunic. Photo by O. Hoshino (A–E) and H. Abe (F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9FD36611FFB3FF83FF1CFC7C159DFB4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770815" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6770815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770815/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[151,250,1002,1026]" targetBox="[170,1417,181,979]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB3FF83FF1CFC7C159DFB4F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1002,1170]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FF1CFC7C1448FBDE" bold="true" box="[151,275,1002,1027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Micro-CT images of the host ascidian. A: three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed image of three U-shaped burrows of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FF3FFB991435FBFA" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[180,366,1039,1063]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FF3FFB991435FBFA" box="[180,366,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FEFDFB991493FBFA" bold="true" box="[374,456,1039,1063]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB3FF83FEFDFB991493FBFA" box="[374,456,1039,1063]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
B: two-dimensional reconstructed images of three U-shaped burrows of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FB36FB99102DFBFA" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1213,1398,1039,1063]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FB36FB99102DFBFA" box="[1213,1398,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FAF5FB991598FB96" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB3FF83FAF5FB991598FB96" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
extracted from tomographic data. Arrowheads of figures A and B indicate the apertures of the burrows. C–E: Cross-sectional image of the host. Arrowheads indicate the boreholes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FC9FFBC11690FBB2" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[788,971,1111,1135]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FC9FFBC11690FBB2" box="[788,971,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FC5AFBC11179FBB2" bold="true" box="[977,1058,1111,1135]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB3FF83FC5AFBC11179FBB2" box="[977,1058,1111,1135]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the ascidian tunic. Scale bars = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83B66512FFB3FF83FF4CFB571195F8BE" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB3FF83FF4CFB571195F8BE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1217,2035]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FF4CFB571460FB06" bold="true" box="[199,315,1217,1243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FEC9FB571756FB06" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[322,525,1217,1243]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FEC9FB571756FB06" box="[322,525,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD9FFB571736FB06" bold="true" box="[532,621,1217,1243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB3FF83FD9FFB571736FB06" box="[532,621,1217,1243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FD74FB541175FB06" authority="Sato-Okoshi, 1998" authorityName="Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="1998" box="[767,1070,1217,1243]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aura">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD74FB54164BFB06" box="[767,784,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FC95FB541608FB06" box="[798,851,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">aura</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FCD1FB571175FB06" author="Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[858,1070,1217,1243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="277 - 288" refId="ref14279" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (1998) Three new species of Polydorids (Polychaeta, Spionidae) from Japan. Species Diversity, 3, 277 - 288. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 3.277" type="journal article" year="1998">Sato-Okoshi, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FBB2FB54106CFB06" authority="Bosc, 1802" authorityName="Bosc, Bifurcated" authorityYear="1802" box="[1081,1335,1217,1243]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cornuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FBB2FB541111FB06" box="[1081,1098,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FBD3FB5411F4FB06" box="[1112,1199,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cornuta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FB3DFB57106CFB06" author="Bosc, L. A. G." box="[1206,1335,1217,1243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref10522" refString="Bosc, L. A. G. (1802) Histoire naturelle des vers, contenant leur description et leurs moeurs; avec figures dessinees d'apres nature. Vol 1. Guilleminet. Chez Deterville, Paris, 324 pp., 10 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 64025" type="book" year="1802">Bosc, 1802</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FAC9FB541481FB22" authority="Radashevsky & Hsieh, 2000" authorityName="Radashevsky & Hsieh" authorityYear="2000" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FAC9FB541008FB06" box="[1346,1363,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FAEAFB5710C7FB06" box="[1377,1436,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">fusca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FF1CFB731481FB22" author="Radashevsky, V. I. & Hsieh, H. - L." box="[151,474,1253,1279]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="203 - 217" refId="ref14022" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. & Hsieh, H. - L. (2000) Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) species from Taiwan. Zoological Studies, 39 (3), 203 - 217." type="journal article" year="2000">Radashevsky & Hsieh, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FE6EFB701634FB22" authority="Radashevsky, 1993" authorityName="Radashevsky" authorityYear="1993" box="[485,879,1253,1279]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glycymerica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FE6EFB7014ADFB22" box="[485,502,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD8FFB7317D6FB22" box="[516,653,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">glycymerica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FD1FFB731634FB22" author="Radashevsky, V. I." box="[660,879,1253,1279]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref13861" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. (1993) Revision of the genus Polydora and related genera from the North West Pacific (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 36, 1 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 176224" type="journal article" year="1993">Radashevsky, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FCF1FB701074FB22" authority="Blake & Kudenov, 1978" authorityName="Blake & Kudenov" authorityYear="1978" box="[890,1327,1253,1279]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="latispinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FCF1FB7016D0FB22" box="[890,907,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FC12FB73114FFB22" box="[921,1044,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">latispinosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FB97FB731074FB22" author="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D." box="[1052,1327,1253,1279]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="171 - 280" refId="ref10311" refString="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D. (1978) The Spionidae (Polychaeta) from southeastern Australia and adjacent areas with a revision of the genera. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 39, 171 - 280. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 39441579] https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1978.39.11" type="journal article" year="1978">Blake & Kudenov, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FAB1FB70175CFAFE" authority="Abe & Sato-Okoshi, 2020" authorityName="Abe & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lingulicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FAB1FB701010FB22" box="[1338,1355,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FAD2FB73158CFAFE" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">lingulicola</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FF56FA9F175CFAFE" author="Abe, H. & Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[221,519,1289,1315]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="103 - 120" refId="ref9726" refString="Abe, H. & Sato-Okoshi, W. (2020) Novel symbiotic relationship between a spionid polychaete and Lingula (Brachiopoda: Lingulata: Lingulidae), with description of Polydora lingulicola sp. nov. (Annelida: Spionidae). Zoosymposia, 19, 103 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 19.1.13" type="journal article" year="2020">Abe & Sato-Okoshi, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FD99FA9C168EFAFE" authority="Orensky & Williams, 2009" authorityName="Orensky & Williams" authorityYear="2009" box="[530,981,1289,1315]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nanomon">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD99FA9C1778FAFE" box="[530,547,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FDB9FA9C17C1FAFE" box="[562,666,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">nanomon</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FD29FA9F168EFAFE" author="Orensky, L. D. & Williams, J. D." box="[674,981,1289,1315]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref13630" refString="Orensky, L. D. & Williams, J. D. (2009) Morphology and ecology of a new sexually dimorphic species of Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) associated with hermit crabs from Jamaica, West Indies. Zoosymposia, 2, 229 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 2.1.17" type="journal article" year="2009">Orensky & Williams, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FC6AFA9C11BEFAFE" authority="Williams, 2000" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="2000" box="[993,1253,1289,1315]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="robi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FC6AFA9C16A9FAFE" box="[993,1010,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FB8AFA9F1174FAFE" box="[1025,1071,1289,1315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">robi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FBBEFA9F11BEFAFE" author="Williams, J. D." box="[1077,1253,1289,1315]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="537 - 548" refId="ref15588" refString="Williams, J. D. (2000) A new species of Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from the Indo-West Pacific and first record of host hermit crab egg predation by a commensal polydorid worm. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 129 (4), 537 - 548. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2000. tb 00616. x" type="journal article" year="2000">Williams, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FAAAFA9C143EFA9A" authority="Mohammad, 1972" authorityName="Mohammad" authorityYear="1972" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FAAAFA9C1069FAFE" box="[1313,1330,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FACBFA9F10C7FAFE" box="[1344,1436,1289,1315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FF1CFABB143EFA9A" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." box="[151,357,1325,1351]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="463 - 477" refId="ref12948" refString="Mohammad, M. - B. M. (1972) Infestation of the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera (Linne) by a new species of Polydora in Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Hydrobiologia, 39, 463 - 477. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00046740" type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||
Mohammad,
|
||
<quantity id="0C549B7CFFB3FF83FEA6FABB143EFA9A" box="[301,357,1325,1351]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.00888" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="1972.0">1972</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a median antenna on the caruncle and chaetiger 5 without dorsal superior capillaries, but with ventral capillaries.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FE5AFAC717C6FAB6" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[465,669,1361,1387]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FE5AFAC717C6FAB6" box="[465,669,1361,1387]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD2FFAC717A6FAB6" bold="true" box="[676,765,1361,1387]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB3FF83FD2FFAC717A6FAB6" box="[676,765,1361,1387]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from these similar species by combining morphological characteristics such as maximal caruncle length, number of branchial chaetigers, absence of modified posterior notochaetae, yellow body pigmentation, and unique black-rimmed flaring pygidium (
|
||
<tableCitation id="862E0322FFB3FF83FABDFA0F10D4FA6E" box="[1334,1423,1433,1459]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,239,543,569]" captionTargetBox="[164,2028,620,1602]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological characteristics of known Polydora species which have a single median antenna on the caruncle and chaetiger 5 without dorsal superior capillaries, but" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FD36611FFB2FF82FF1CFD891645FD80" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="9FD36611FFB2FF82FF1CFD891645FD80">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FF1CFA2B1438FA0A" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,355,1469,1495]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FF1CFA2B1438FA0A" box="[151,355,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FEE1FA2B149FFA0A" bold="true" box="[362,452,1469,1495]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB3FF83FEE1FA2B149FFA0A" box="[362,452,1469,1495]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FD11FA28164AFA0A" authorityName="Bosc, Bifurcated" authorityYear="1802" box="[666,785,1469,1495]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cornuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD11FA2817F0FA0A" box="[666,683,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD31FA28164AFA0A" box="[698,785,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cornuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in both having caruncle continued to the end of chaetiger 3, branchiae to near the end of the body, major spines of chaetiger 5 with a lateral tooth, and no modified posterior notochaetae (
|
||
<tableCitation id="862E0322FFB3FF83FEA0F99314D9F9C2" box="[299,386,1541,1567]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,239,543,569]" captionTargetBox="[164,2028,620,1602]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological characteristics of known Polydora species which have a single median antenna on the caruncle and chaetiger 5 without dorsal superior capillaries, but" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FD36611FFB2FF82FF1CFD891645FD80" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="9FD36611FFB2FF82FF1CFD891645FD80">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). However, these two species are clearly distinguished by the former having a narrow rounded or weakly incised prostomium instead of a broad bilobed prostomium, no eye spots instead of 4 widely spaced eyespots arranged in a square shape, and major spines of chaetiger 5 with lateral shelf instead of a distinct accessory tooth found in the latter species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FD82F9E71645F956" author="Blake, J. A. & Maciolek, N. J." box="[521,798,1649,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="11 - 15" refId="ref10387" refString="Blake, J. A. & Maciolek, N. J. (1987) A redescription of Polydora cornuta Bosc (Polychaeta: Spionidae) and designation of a neotype. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 7, 11 - 15." type="journal article" year="1987">Blake & Maciolek 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The bright yellow body color of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FB29F9E41045F956" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1186,1310,1649,1675]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FB29F9E411E8F956" box="[1186,1203,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FB49F9E71045F956" box="[1218,1310,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FAAEF9E71024F956" bold="true" box="[1317,1407,1649,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB3FF83FAAEF9E71024F956" box="[1317,1407,1649,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in life condition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB3FF83FECAF90314E7F972" box="[321,444,1685,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) is similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FD38F9001652F972" authorityName="Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="1998" box="[691,777,1685,1711]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aura">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD38F900179FF972" box="[691,708,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD5FF9001652F972" box="[724,777,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">aura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FC91F90316B7F972" author="Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[794,1004,1685,1711]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="277 - 288" refId="ref14279" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (1998) Three new species of Polydorids (Polychaeta, Spionidae) from Japan. Species Diversity, 3, 277 - 288. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 3.277" type="journal article" year="1998">Sato-Okoshi 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FC71F903107BF972" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H." box="[1018,1312,1685,1711]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="40 - 47" refId="ref14383" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H. (2012) Morphological and molecular sequence analysis of the harmful shell boring species of Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from Japan and Australia. Aquaculture, 368 - 369 + 40 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aquaculture. 2012.08.046" type="book chapter" year="2012">Sato-Okoshi & Abe 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), however, these two species are distinguished by the former not having modified posterior notochaetae. The larger anterior spines are the oldest and usually most worn in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FD1CF94B160EF92A" box="[663,853,1757,1783]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD1CF94B17A4F92A" box="[663,767,1757,1783]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and therefore the lateral tooth is often a worn flange, sheath, or shelf (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FEDBF897148EF8C6" author="Blake, J. A." box="[336,469,1793,1819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="813 - 820" refId="ref10161" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969) Systematics and ecology of shell-boring polychaetes from New England. American Zoologist, 9 (3), 813 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / 9.3.813" type="journal article" year="1969">Blake 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FE6AF89717D1F8C6" author="Kudenov, J. D." box="[481,650,1793,1819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="571 - 574" refId="ref12180" refString="Kudenov, J. D. (1982) Redescription of the major spines of Polydora ligni Webster (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 95 (3), 571 - 574." type="journal article" year="1982">Kudenov 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB3FF83FD1EF8971672F8C6" author="Bertasi, F." box="[661,809,1793,1819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref10105" refString="Bertasi, F. (2016) The occurrence of the alien species Polydora cornuta Bosc, 1802 (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in North Adriatic lagoons: an overlooked presence. Italian Journal of Zoology, 83 (1), 77 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2016.1140839" type="journal article" year="2016">Bertasi 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The lateral shelf on the unworn newer posterior spines characterizes the major spines of the new species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FD46F8B316C2F8E2" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[717,921,1829,1855]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FD46F8B316C2F8E2" box="[717,921,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FC2BF8B316A1F8E2" bold="true" box="[928,1018,1829,1855]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB3FF83FC2BF8B316A1F8E2" box="[928,1018,1829,1855]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is unique among the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FABFF8B310C7F8E2" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" box="[1332,1436,1829,1855]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FABFF8B310C7F8E2" box="[1332,1436,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FECBF8DF14EBF8BE" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[320,432,1865,1891]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Spionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
because they have tunic-boring symbiotic relationships with ascidians.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83B66512FFB3FF83FF4CF8FB14D1F82E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB3FF83FF4CF8FB14D1F82E" blockId="10.[151,1437,1217,2035]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FF4CF8FB1415F85A" bold="true" box="[199,334,1901,1927]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FDB3F8FB17CFF85A" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[568,660,1901,1927]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FDB3F8FB17CFF85A" box="[568,660,1901,1927]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a combination of two Latin words, namely, tunica and -cola (= dweller), which refers to the peculiar tunic-boring habit of the species. The Japanese name Hoyano-poridora is a combination of the Japanese words hoya (=ascidian), no (case particle), and poridora (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FBE6F823118EF812" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" box="[1133,1237,1973,1999]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FBE6F823118EF812" box="[1133,1237,1973,1999]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), meaning “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB3FF83FAEBF8231597F82E" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB3FF83FAEBF8231597F82E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the ascidian”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="9FD36611FFB2FF82FF1CFD891645FD80" ID-Table-UUID="9FD36611FFB2FF82FF1CFD891645FD80" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FD36611FFB2FF82FF1CFD891645FD80" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[151,239,543,569]" targetBox="[164,2028,620,1602]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB2FF82FF1CFD891645FD80" blockId="11.[151,2041,543,605]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF1CFD891451FDE4" bold="true" box="[151,266,543,569]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological characteristics of known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB2FF82FD49FD891622FDE4" box="[706,889,543,569]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FD49FD89167EFDE4" box="[706,805,543,569]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which have a single median antenna on the caruncle and chaetiger 5 without dorsal superior capillaries, but with ventral capillaries (based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB2FF82FE75FDD51648FD80" author="Abe, H. & Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[510,787,579,605]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="103 - 120" refId="ref9726" refString="Abe, H. & Sato-Okoshi, W. (2020) Novel symbiotic relationship between a spionid polychaete and Lingula (Brachiopoda: Lingulata: Lingulidae), with description of Polydora lingulicola sp. nov. (Annelida: Spionidae). Zoosymposia, 19, 103 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 19.1.13" type="journal article" year="2020">Abe & Sato-Okoshi 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB2FF82FF2FFDFA1318F99F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<table id="B9ACC439FFB20076FF2FFDFA12B7F99F" box="[164,2028,620,1602]" colsContinueIn="12.[151,1998,668,1572]" gridcols="11" gridrows="27" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFDFA12B7FD5E" box="[164,2028,620,643]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFDFA1404FD5E" box="[164,351,620,643]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Species</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FDFA1749FD5E" box="[386,530,620,643]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Prostomium</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FDFA17F6FD5E" box="[556,685,620,643]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Caruncle</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FDFA1609FD5E" box="[719,850,620,643]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Branchiae</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FDFA115CFD5E" box="[877,1031,620,643]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chaetiger 5</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FDFA107DFD5E" box="[1203,1318,620,643]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Modified</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFDFA1083FD5E" box="[1351,1496,620,643]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pygidium</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FDFA13C9FD5E" box="[1522,1682,620,643]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pigmentation</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FDFA1244FD5E" box="[1708,1823,620,643]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Life style</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FDFA12B7FD5E" box="[1853,2028,620,643]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Reference</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFD0612B7FD77" box="[164,2028,656,682]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FD0617F6FD77" box="[556,685,656,682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(maximal</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FD061609FD77" box="[719,850,656,682]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">from</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FD06115CFD77" box="[877,1031,656,682]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Major spine</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FBAAFD0611CAFD77" box="[1057,1169,656,682]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Companion</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FD06107DFD77" box="[1203,1318,656,682]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">posterior</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFD2212B7FD13" box="[164,2028,692,718]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FD2217F6FD13" box="[556,685,692,718]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">length)</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FD221609FD13" box="[719,850,692,718]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetiger 7 to</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FBAAFD2211CAFD13" box="[1057,1169,692,718]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetae</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FD22107DFD13" box="[1203,1318,692,718]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">notochaetae</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFD4912B7FD2B" box="[164,2028,735,758]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFD491404FD2B" box="[164,351,735,758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF2FFD491408FD2B" box="[164,339,735,758]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FD491749FD2B" box="[386,530,735,758]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Rounded or</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FD4917F6FD2B" box="[556,685,735,758]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">End of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FD491609FD2B" box="[719,850,735,758]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Near the end</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FD49115CFD2B" box="[877,1031,735,758]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FBAAFD4911CAFD2B" box="[1057,1169,735,758]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FD49107DFD2B" box="[1203,1318,735,758]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFD491083FD2B" box="[1351,1496,735,758]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Flare-disc with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FD4913C9FD2B" box="[1522,1682,735,758]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Yellowish</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FD491244FD2B" box="[1708,1823,735,758]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tunic-borer</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FD4912B7FD2B" box="[1853,2028,735,758]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">This study</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFC9512B7FCC7" box="[164,2028,771,794]" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFC951404FCC7" box="[164,351,771,794]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Abe, Hoshino &</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FC951749FCC7" box="[386,530,771,794]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">weakly incised</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FC9517F6FCC7" box="[556,685,771,794]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetiger 3</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FC95115CFCC7" box="[877,1031,771,794]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">lateral tooth or</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFC951083FCC7" box="[1351,1496,771,794]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">mid-dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FC9513C9FCC7" box="[1522,1682,771,794]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">pigment</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFCB112B7FCE3" box="[164,2028,807,830]" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFCB11404FCE3" box="[164,351,807,830]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Yamada,
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FE8BFCB11415FCE3" bold="true" box="[256,334,807,830]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB2FF82FE8BFCB11415FCE3" box="[256,334,807,830]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FCB1115CFCE3" box="[877,1031,807,830]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">shelf</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFCB11083FCE3" box="[1351,1496,807,830]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">gap; rimmed</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FCB113C9FCE3" box="[1522,1682,807,830]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">especially</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFCDD12B7FCBF" box="[164,2028,843,866]" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFCDD1083FCBF" box="[1351,1496,843,866]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">with black</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FCDD13C9FCBF" box="[1522,1682,843,866]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">anterior and</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFCF912B7FC5B" box="[164,2028,879,902]" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FCF913C9FC5B" box="[1522,1682,879,902]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">posterior</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFC0512B7FC77" box="[164,2028,915,938]" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FC0513C9FC77" box="[1522,1682,915,938]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetiger</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFC2C12B7FC0C" box="[164,2028,954,977]" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFC2C1404FC0C" box="[164,351,954,977]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF2FFC2C15E8FC0C" box="[164,179,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF34FC2C15B7FC0C" box="[191,236,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">aura</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FC2C1749FC0C" box="[386,530,954,977]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Incised</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FC2C17F6FC0C" box="[556,685,954,977]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">End of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FC2C1609FC0C" box="[719,850,954,977]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Near the end</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FC2C115CFC0C" box="[877,1031,954,977]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FBAAFC2C11CAFC0C" box="[1057,1169,954,977]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FC2C107DFC0C" box="[1203,1318,954,977]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFC2C1083FC0C" box="[1351,1496,954,977]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Wide flaring</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FC2C13C9FC0C" box="[1522,1682,954,977]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brown and</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FC2C1244FC0C" box="[1708,1823,954,977]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Shell-borer</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FC2C12B7FC0C" box="[1853,2028,954,977]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Sato-Okoshi</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFC4812B7FC28" box="[164,2028,990,1013]" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFC481404FC28" box="[164,351,990,1013]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB2FF82FF2FFC481403FC28" author="Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[164,344,990,1013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="277 - 288" refId="ref14279" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (1998) Three new species of Polydorids (Polychaeta, Spionidae) from Japan. Species Diversity, 3, 277 - 288. https: // doi. org / 10.12782 / specdiv. 3.277" type="journal article" year="1998">Sato-Okoshi, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FC4817F6FC28" box="[556,685,990,1013]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetiger 2–3</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FC48115CFC28" box="[877,1031,990,1013]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">lateral flange</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFC481083FC28" box="[1351,1496,990,1013]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">disc</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FC4813C9FC28" box="[1522,1682,990,1013]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">orange pigment</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FC4812B7FC28" box="[1853,2028,990,1013]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1998);</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFB9412B7FBC4" box="[164,2028,1026,1049]" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FB9413C9FBC4" box="[1522,1682,1026,1049]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">on body</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FB9412B7FBC4" box="[1853,2028,1026,1049]" gridcol="10" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Sato-Okoshi &</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFBB012B7FBE0" box="[164,2028,1062,1085]" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FBB012B7FBE0" box="[1853,2028,1062,1085]" gridcol="10" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Abe (2012)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFBDB12B7FBB9" box="[164,2028,1101,1124]" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFBDB1404FBB9" box="[164,351,1101,1124]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF2FFBDB15E8FBB9" box="[164,179,1101,1124]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF34FBDB1451FBB9" box="[191,266,1101,1124]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">cornuta</emphasis>
|
||
Bosc,
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FBDB1749FBB9" box="[386,530,1101,1124]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Bifurcated</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FBDB17F6FBB9" box="[556,685,1101,1124]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">End of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FBDB1609FBB9" box="[719,850,1101,1124]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Near the end</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FBDB115CFBB9" box="[877,1031,1101,1124]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FBAAFBDB11CAFBB9" box="[1057,1169,1101,1124]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FBDB107DFBB9" box="[1203,1318,1101,1124]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFBDB1083FBB9" box="[1351,1496,1101,1124]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Flaring cup</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FBDB13C9FBB9" box="[1522,1682,1101,1124]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Usually black</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FBDB1244FBB9" box="[1708,1823,1101,1124]" gridcol="9" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tube-</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FBDB12B7FBB9" box="[1853,2028,1101,1124]" gridcol="10" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Radashevsky</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFBE712B7FB55" box="[164,2028,1137,1160]" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFBE71404FB55" box="[164,351,1137,1160]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1802</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FBE71749FB55" box="[386,530,1137,1160]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">and flaring</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FBE717F6FB55" box="[556,685,1137,1160]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetiger 3</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FBE7115CFB55" box="[877,1031,1137,1160]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">lateral tooth</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFBE71083FB55" box="[1351,1496,1137,1160]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">to disc with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FBE713C9FB55" box="[1522,1682,1137,1160]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">spots on</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FBE71244FB55" box="[1708,1823,1137,1160]" gridcol="9" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">dweller</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FBE712B7FB55" box="[1853,2028,1137,1160]" gridcol="10" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(2005)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFB0312B7FB71" box="[164,2028,1173,1196]" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FB031749FB71" box="[386,530,1173,1196]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">laterally</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FB03115CFB71" box="[877,1031,1173,1196]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">and subdistal</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFB031083FB71" box="[1351,1496,1173,1196]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">middorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FB0313C9FB71" box="[1522,1682,1173,1196]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">lateral sides of</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFB2F12B7FB0D" box="[164,2028,1209,1232]" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FB2F115CFB0D" box="[877,1031,1209,1232]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">flange or keel</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFB2F1083FB0D" box="[1351,1496,1209,1232]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">gap to narrow</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FB2F13C9FB0D" box="[1522,1682,1209,1232]" gridcol="8" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetigers from</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFB4B12B7FB29" box="[164,2028,1245,1268]" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFB4B1083FB29" box="[1351,1496,1245,1268]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">incision</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FB4B13C9FB29" box="[1522,1682,1245,1268]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7–10 to 10–19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFA9212B7FAC1" box="[164,2028,1284,1308]" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFA921404FAC1" box="[164,351,1284,1308]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF2FFA9315E8FAC1" box="[164,179,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF34FA9315A9FAC1" box="[191,242,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FA921749FAC1" box="[386,530,1284,1308]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Incised</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FA9217F6FAC1" box="[556,685,1284,1308]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">End of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FA921609FAC1" box="[719,850,1284,1308]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">About 3/4</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FA92115CFAC1" box="[877,1031,1284,1308]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FBAAFA9211CAFAC1" box="[1057,1169,1284,1308]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FA92107DFAC1" box="[1203,1318,1284,1308]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFA921083FAC1" box="[1351,1496,1284,1308]" gridcol="7" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cup-shaped</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FA9213C9FAC1" box="[1522,1682,1284,1308]" gridcol="8" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Scattered black</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FA921244FAC1" box="[1708,1823,1284,1308]" gridcol="9" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tube-</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FA9212B7FAC1" box="[1853,2028,1284,1308]" gridcol="10" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Radashevsky &</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFABE12B7FA9D" box="[164,2028,1320,1344]" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFABE1404FA9D" box="[164,351,1320,1344]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Radashevsky &</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FABE17F6FA9D" box="[556,685,1320,1344]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetiger 2</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FABE1609FA9D" box="[719,850,1320,1344]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">of body</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FABE115CFA9D" box="[877,1031,1320,1344]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">small lateral</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFABE1083FA9D" box="[1351,1496,1320,1344]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">with dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FABE13C9FA9D" box="[1522,1682,1320,1344]" gridcol="8" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">pigment on head</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FABE1244FA9D" box="[1708,1823,1320,1344]" gridcol="9" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">dweller</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FABE12B7FA9D" box="[1853,2028,1320,1344]" gridcol="10" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hsieh (2000)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFADA12B7FAB9" box="[164,2028,1356,1380]" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFADA1404FAB9" box="[164,351,1356,1380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hsieh, 2000</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FADA115CFAB9" box="[877,1031,1356,1380]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">tooth</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFADA1083FAB9" box="[1351,1496,1356,1380]" gridcol="7" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">gap</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FADA13C9FAB9" box="[1522,1682,1356,1380]" gridcol="8" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">and body</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFAE212B7FA56" box="[164,2028,1396,1419]" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFAE21404FA56" box="[164,351,1396,1419]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF2FFAE215E8FA56" box="[164,179,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF34FAE2146FFA56" box="[191,308,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">glycymerica</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FAE21749FA56" box="[386,530,1396,1419]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Incised</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FAE217F6FA56" box="[556,685,1396,1419]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Middle of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FAE21609FA56" box="[719,850,1396,1419]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Near the end</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FAE2115CFA56" box="[877,1031,1396,1419]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FBAAFAE211CAFA56" box="[1057,1169,1396,1419]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FAE2107DFA56" box="[1203,1318,1396,1419]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFAE21083FA56" box="[1351,1496,1396,1419]" gridcol="7" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Disc-like with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FAE213C9FA56" box="[1522,1682,1396,1419]" gridcol="8" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FAE21244FA56" box="[1708,1823,1396,1419]" gridcol="9" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Shell-borer</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FAE212B7FA56" box="[1853,2028,1396,1419]" gridcol="10" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Radashevsky</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFA0E12B7FA72" box="[164,2028,1432,1455]" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFA0E1404FA72" box="[164,351,1432,1455]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB2FF82FF2FFA0E1404FA72" author="Radashevsky, V. I." box="[164,351,1432,1455]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref13861" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. (1993) Revision of the genus Polydora and related genera from the North West Pacific (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 36, 1 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 176224" type="journal article" year="1993">Radashevsky, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FA0E17F6FA72" box="[556,685,1432,1455]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetiger 2</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FA0E115CFA72" box="[877,1031,1432,1455]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">lateral flange or</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFA0E1083FA72" box="[1351,1496,1432,1455]" gridcol="7" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">wide dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FA0E12B7FA72" box="[1853,2028,1432,1455]" gridcol="10" gridrow="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1993)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFA2A12B7FA0E" box="[164,2028,1468,1491]" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FA2A115CFA0E" box="[877,1031,1468,1491]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sheath</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFA2A1083FA0E" box="[1351,1496,1468,1491]" gridcol="7" gridrow="23" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">gap</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FFA7512B7FA27" box="[164,2028,1507,1530]" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FFA751404FA27" box="[164,351,1507,1530]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF2FFA7515E8FA27" box="[164,179,1507,1530]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB2FF82FF34FA751473FA27" box="[191,296,1507,1530]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">latispinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FE09FA751749FA27" box="[386,530,1507,1530]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Incised</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7FA7517F6FA27" box="[556,685,1507,1530]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">End of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44FA751609FA27" box="[719,850,1507,1530]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Continuing</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6FA75115CFA27" box="[877,1031,1507,1530]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FBAAFA7511CAFA27" box="[1057,1169,1507,1530]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FB38FA75107DFA27" box="[1203,1318,1507,1530]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCFA751083FA27" box="[1351,1496,1507,1530]" gridcol="7" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Large flaring</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79FA7513C9FA27" box="[1522,1682,1507,1530]" gridcol="8" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brown pigment</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F927FA751244FA27" box="[1708,1823,1507,1530]" gridcol="9" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Shell-borer</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6FA7512B7FA27" box="[1853,2028,1507,1530]" gridcol="10" gridrow="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Blake & Kudenov</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FF99112B7F9C3" box="[164,2028,1543,1566]" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FF9911404F9C3" box="[164,351,1543,1566]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Blake & Kudenov,</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FDA7F99117F6F9C3" box="[556,685,1543,1566]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">chaetiger 2</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44F9911609F9C3" box="[719,850,1543,1566]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">to posterior</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6F991115CF9C3" box="[877,1031,1543,1566]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">lateral sheath or</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCF9911083F9C3" box="[1351,1496,1543,1566]" gridcol="7" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">disc with wide</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79F99113C9F9C3" box="[1522,1682,1543,1566]" gridcol="8" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">along edges of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076F8B6F99112B7F9C3" box="[1853,2028,1543,1566]" gridcol="10" gridrow="25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1978)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB20076FF2FF9BD12B7F99F" box="[164,2028,1579,1602]" gridrow="26" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB20076FF2FF9BD1404F99F" box="[164,351,1579,1602]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1978</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FD44F9BD1609F99F" box="[719,850,1579,1602]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">end</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FCE6F9BD115CF99F" box="[877,1031,1579,1602]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">flange</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FACCF9BD1083F99F" box="[1351,1496,1579,1602]" gridcol="7" gridrow="26" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">dorsal gap</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB20076FA79F9BD13C9F99F" box="[1522,1682,1579,1602]" gridcol="8" gridrow="26" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">caruncle</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB2FF82F94EF9C512B7F9B7" blockId="11.[1733,2028,1619,1642]" box="[1733,2028,1619,1642]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<tableNote id="364A3717FFB2FF82F94EF9C512B7F9B7" box="[1733,2028,1619,1642]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[164,2028,620,1602]" targetPageId="11">......continued on the next page</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB5FF85FF1CFDE314D9FD51" blockId="12.[151,386,629,652]" box="[151,386,629,652]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<tableNote id="364A3717FFB5FF85FF1CFDE314D9FD51" box="[151,386,629,652]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[151,1998,668,1572]" targetPageId="12">TABLE 2. (Continued)</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB5FF85FF1CFD0A122BF9F9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<table id="B9ACC439FFB50076FF1CFD0A1295F9F9" box="[151,1998,668,1572]" colsContinueFrom="11.[164,2028,620,1602]" gridcols="11" gridrows="25" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFD0A1295FD6E" box="[151,1998,668,691]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFD0A141CFD6E" box="[151,327,668,691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Species</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FEFEFD0A14B1FD6E" box="[373,490,668,691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Prostomium</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FD0A17FBFD6E" box="[543,672,668,691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Caruncle</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD4AFD0A161FFD6E" box="[705,836,668,691]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Branchiae</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFD0A1685FD6E" box="[864,990,668,691]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Chaetiger 5</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB2DFD0A1042FD6E" box="[1190,1305,668,691]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Modified</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FAB1FD0A109DFD6E" box="[1338,1478,668,691]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pygidium</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFD0A13DBFD6E" box="[1509,1664,668,691]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pigmentation</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076F914FD0A1250FD6E" box="[1695,1803,668,691]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Life style</th>
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFD0A1295FD6E" box="[1840,1998,668,691]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Reference</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFD561295FD06" box="[151,1998,704,731]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FD5617FBFD06" box="[543,672,704,731]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">(maximal</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD4AFD56161FFD06" box="[705,836,704,731]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">from</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFD561685FD06" box="[864,990,704,731]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Major spine</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB9FFD5611DFFD06" box="[1044,1156,704,731]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Companion</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB2DFD561042FD06" box="[1190,1305,704,731]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">posterior</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFD721295FD22" box="[151,1998,740,767]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FD7217FBFD22" box="[543,672,740,767]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">length)</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD4AFD72161FFD22" box="[705,836,740,767]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">chaetiger 7 to</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB9FFD7211DFFD22" box="[1044,1156,740,767]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">chaetae</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB2DFD721042FD22" box="[1190,1305,740,767]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">notochaetae</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFC991295FCFB" box="[151,1998,783,806]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFC99141CFCFB" box="[151,327,783,806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85FF1CFC9915FDFCFB" box="[151,166,783,806]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85FF39FC991441FCFB" box="[178,282,783,806]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">lingulicola</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FEFEFC9914B1FCFB" box="[373,490,783,806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Incised</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FC9917FBFCFB" box="[543,672,783,806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">End of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD4AFC99161FFCFB" box="[705,836,783,806]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Near the end</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFC991685FCFB" box="[864,990,783,806]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB9FFC9911DFFCFB" box="[1044,1156,783,806]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB2DFC991042FCFB" box="[1190,1305,783,806]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FAB1FC99109DFCFB" box="[1338,1478,783,806]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Disc-like with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFC9913DBFCFB" box="[1509,1664,783,806]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Absent or</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F914FC991250FCFB" box="[1695,1803,783,806]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB5FF85F914FC9913B1FCFB" box="[1695,1770,783,806]" class="Lingulata" family="Lingulidae" genus="Lingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lingulida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85F914FC9913B1FCFB" box="[1695,1770,783,806]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Lingula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFC991295FCFB" box="[1840,1998,783,806]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Abe & Sato-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFCBA1295FC97" box="[151,1998,812,842]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFCBA141CFC97" box="[151,327,812,842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Abe & Sato-</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FCBA17FBFC97" box="[543,672,812,842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">chaetiger 2–3</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFCBA1685FC97" box="[864,990,812,842]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">lateral flange</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FAB1FCBA109DFC97" box="[1338,1478,812,842]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">middorsal gap</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFCBA13DBFC97" box="[1509,1664,812,842]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F914FCBA1250FC97" box="[1695,1803,812,842]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">symbiont</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFCBA1295FC97" box="[1840,1998,812,842]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Okoshi (2020)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFCC11295FCB3" box="[151,1998,855,878]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFCC1141CFCB3" box="[151,327,855,878]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Okoshi, 2020</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFCC113DBFCB3" box="[1509,1664,855,878]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">(Scattered</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFCED1295FC4F" box="[151,1998,891,914]" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFCED13DBFC4F" box="[1509,1664,891,914]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">brown pigment</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFC091295FC6B" box="[151,1998,927,950]" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFC0913DBFC6B" box="[1509,1664,927,950]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">on middle and</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFC551295FC07" box="[151,1998,963,986]" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFC5513DBFC07" box="[1509,1664,963,986]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">posterior body)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFC7C1295FBDC" box="[151,1998,1002,1025]" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFC7C141CFBDC" box="[151,327,1002,1025]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85FF1CFC7C15FDFBDC" box="[151,166,1002,1025]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85FF39FC7C1450FBDC" box="[178,267,1002,1025]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">nanomon</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FEFEFC7C14B1FBDC" box="[373,490,1002,1025]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Incised</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FC7C17FBFBDC" box="[543,672,1002,1025]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">End of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD4AFC7C161FFBDC" box="[705,836,1002,1025]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">2/3 of body</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFC7C1685FBDC" box="[864,990,1002,1025]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB9FFC7C11DFFBDC" box="[1044,1156,1002,1025]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB2DFC7C1042FBDC" box="[1190,1305,1002,1025]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FAB1FC7C109DFBDC" box="[1338,1478,1002,1025]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cup-shaped</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFC7C13DBFBDC" box="[1509,1664,1002,1025]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Females</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F914FC7C1250FBDC" box="[1695,1803,1002,1025]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Shell-borer</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFC7C1295FBDC" box="[1840,1998,1002,1025]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Orensky &</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFB981295FBF8" box="[151,1998,1038,1061]" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFB98141CFBF8" box="[151,327,1038,1061]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Orensky &</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FB9817FBFBF8" box="[543,672,1038,1061]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">chaetiger 2</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFB981685FBF8" box="[864,990,1038,1061]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">two lateral</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFB9813DBFBF8" box="[1509,1664,1038,1061]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sometimes</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFB981295FBF8" box="[1840,1998,1038,1061]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Williams (2009)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFBA41295FB94" box="[151,1998,1074,1097]" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFBA4141CFB94" box="[151,327,1074,1097]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Williams, 2009</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFBA41685FB94" box="[864,990,1074,1097]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">teeth</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFBA413DBFB94" box="[1509,1664,1074,1097]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">exhibit irregular</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFBC01295FBB0" box="[151,1998,1110,1133]" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFBC013DBFBB0" box="[1509,1664,1110,1133]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">pigmentation</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFBEC1295FB4C" box="[151,1998,1146,1169]" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFBEC13DBFB4C" box="[1509,1664,1146,1169]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">patches on</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFB081295FB68" box="[151,1998,1182,1205]" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFB0813DBFB68" box="[1509,1664,1182,1205]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">anterior and</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFB541295FB04" box="[151,1998,1218,1241]" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFB5413DBFB04" box="[1509,1664,1218,1241]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">posterior dorsal</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFB701295FB20" box="[151,1998,1254,1277]" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFB7013DBFB20" box="[1509,1664,1254,1277]" gridcol="8" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">side</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFA981295FAF8" box="[151,1998,1294,1317]" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFA98141CFAF8" box="[151,327,1294,1317]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85FF1CFA9815FDFAF8" box="[151,166,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85FF39FA981581FAF8" box="[178,218,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">robi</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FEFEFA9814B1FAF8" box="[373,490,1294,1317]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FA9817FBFAF8" box="[543,672,1294,1317]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">End of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD4AFA98161FFAF8" box="[705,836,1294,1317]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">End of body</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFA981685FAF8" box="[864,990,1294,1317]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB9FFA9811DFFAF8" box="[1044,1156,1294,1317]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB2DFA981042FAF8" box="[1190,1305,1294,1317]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FAB1FA98109DFAF8" box="[1338,1478,1294,1317]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">With anal cirri</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFA9813DBFAF8" box="[1509,1664,1294,1317]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F914FA981250FAF8" box="[1695,1803,1294,1317]" gridcol="9" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Shell-borer</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFA981295FAF8" box="[1840,1998,1294,1317]" gridcol="10" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB5FF85F8BBFA981295FAF8" author="Williams, J. D." box="[1840,1998,1294,1317]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="537 - 548" refId="ref15588" refString="Williams, J. D. (2000) A new species of Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from the Indo-West Pacific and first record of host hermit crab egg predation by a commensal polydorid worm. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 129 (4), 537 - 548. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2000. tb 00616. x" type="journal article" year="2000">Williams (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFAA41295FA94" box="[151,1998,1330,1353]" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFAA4141CFA94" box="[151,327,1330,1353]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB5FF85FF1CFAA41470FA94" author="Williams, J. D." box="[151,299,1330,1353]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="537 - 548" refId="ref15588" refString="Williams, J. D. (2000) A new species of Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from the Indo-West Pacific and first record of host hermit crab egg predation by a commensal polydorid worm. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 129 (4), 537 - 548. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2000. tb 00616. x" type="journal article" year="2000">Williams, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FAA417FBFA94" box="[543,672,1330,1353]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">chaetiger 2</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFAA41685FA94" box="[864,990,1330,1353]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">small lateral</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFAC01295FAB0" box="[151,1998,1366,1389]" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFAC01685FAB0" box="[864,990,1366,1389]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">flange</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFAEB1295FA49" box="[151,1998,1405,1428]" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFAEB141CFA49" box="[151,327,1405,1428]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85FF1CFAEB15FDFA49" box="[151,166,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB5FF85FF39FAEB145AFA49" box="[178,257,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FEFEFAEB14B1FA49" box="[373,490,1405,1428]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Incised</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FAEB17FBFA49" box="[543,672,1405,1428]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Middle of</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD4AFAEB161FFA49" box="[705,836,1405,1428]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Near the end</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFAEB1685FA49" box="[864,990,1405,1428]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Falcate with</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB9FFAEB11DFFA49" box="[1044,1156,1405,1428]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FB2DFAEB1042FA49" box="[1190,1305,1405,1428]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FAB1FAEB109DFA49" box="[1338,1478,1405,1428]" gridcol="7" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Saucer-shaped</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FA6EFAEB13DBFA49" box="[1509,1664,1405,1428]" gridcol="8" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">-</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F914FAEB1250FA49" box="[1695,1803,1405,1428]" gridcol="9" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Shell-borer</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFAEB1295FA49" box="[1840,1998,1405,1428]" gridcol="10" gridrow="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Mohammad</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFA371295FA65" box="[151,1998,1441,1464]" gridrow="21" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="364D5DA7FFB50076FF1CFA37141CFA65" box="[151,327,1441,1464]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB5FF85FF1CFA37141CFA65" author="Mohammad, M. - B. M." box="[151,327,1441,1464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="463 - 477" refId="ref12948" refString="Mohammad, M. - B. M. (1972) Infestation of the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera (Linne) by a new species of Polydora in Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Hydrobiologia, 39, 463 - 477. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00046740" type="journal article" year="1972">Mohammad, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FD94FA3717FBFA65" box="[543,672,1441,1464]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">chaetiger 2</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FCEBFA371685FA65" box="[864,990,1441,1464]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">lateral flange</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FAB1FA37109DFA65" box="[1338,1478,1441,1464]" gridcol="7" gridrow="21" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">with a dorsal</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFA371295FA65" box="[1840,1998,1441,1464]" gridcol="10" gridrow="21" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">(1972);</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFA531295FA01" box="[151,1998,1477,1500]" gridrow="22" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076FAB1FA53109DFA01" box="[1338,1478,1477,1500]" gridcol="7" gridrow="22" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">notch</td>
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFA531295FA01" box="[1840,1998,1477,1500]" gridcol="10" gridrow="22" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Manchenko &</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CFA7F1295F9DD" box="[151,1998,1513,1536]" gridrow="23" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBFA7F1295F9DD" box="[1840,1998,1513,1536]" gridcol="10" gridrow="23" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Radashevsky</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="759C34DBFFB50076FF1CF99B1295F9F9" box="[151,1998,1549,1572]" gridrow="24" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="364D5DA7FFB50076F8BBF99B1295F9F9" box="[1840,1998,1549,1572]" gridcol="10" gridrow="24" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">(1994)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83B66512FFB4FF84FF4CFF001621FF6C" box="[199,890,150,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB4FF84FF4CFF001621FF6C" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,429]" box="[199,890,150,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FF4CFF001471FF6D" bold="true" box="[199,298,150,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Five to
|
||
<quantity id="0C549B7CFFB4FF84FE0CFF01149BFF6C" box="[391,448,151,177]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
|
||
depth of subtidal zone of rocky shores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83B66512FFB4FF84FF4CFF2C16FCFE9C" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB4FF84FF4CFF2C16FCFE9C" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FF4CFF2C143AFF09" bold="true" box="[199,353,186,212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Currently, it is known from Izu-Oshima Island, Sagami Sea, central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B3BB7609FFB4FF84FB02FF2D1192FF08" box="[1161,1225,187,213]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sakai fishing port, Minabe Town,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0968F87BFFB4FF84FEF6FF49172CFF24" box="[381,631,223,249]" country="Japan" name="Wakayama" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Wakayama Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B3BB7609FFB4FF84FD09FF49179EFF24" box="[642,709,223,249]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Additionally, although we have not examined the specimen and the locality is unknown, palps of spionids probably attributable to this species were in a photograph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB4FF84FAA3FE951426FE9C" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cryptocarpa" subSpecies="kroboja">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FAA3FE951426FE9C" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Polycarpa cryptocarpa kroboja</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a Japanese field guidebook (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB4FF84FD55FEB116C0FE9C" author="Nishikawa, T." box="[734,923,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="319 - 330" refId="ref13292" refString="Nishikawa, T. (2006) Tunicata and Cephalochordata. In: Okutani, T. (Ed.), Umibe-no-Ikimono [Seashore Animals]. New edition of Yama-Kei Field Books 3. Yama-to-Keikoku-sha Publisher, Tokyo, pp. 319 - 330. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="2006">Nishikawa 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83B66512FFB4FF87FF4CFEDC1755FE0C" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB4FF84FF4CFEDC171BFE70" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FF4CFEDC17D6FEB8" bold="true" box="[199,653,330,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Reproduction and larval morphology.</emphasis>
|
||
Egg strings and egg capsules were not found. Three-chaetiger larvae were found in the host ascidians during the extraction procedure of adult specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB4FF84FBDDFEF911F6FE54" box="[1110,1197,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[269,1319,181,1729]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Light micrographs showing the morphology of living (A–D) and fixed (E–I) specimens. A–D, F–I: paratypes (NSMT-Pol P-856), E: non-type larvae. A: anterior end, dorsal view. B: anterior end, lateral view. C: 2–11 chaetigers, lateral view. D: glandular pouches in the 7th to 14th chaetigers. E: larvae from a maternal tube. F: notopodial falcate spines and companion chaetae of the 5th chaetiger. G: neuropodial hooded hooks of 7th chaetiger. H: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of 20th chaetiger. I: hooded hooks from neurochaetae of posterior (60th) chaetiger. br—branchia; ca—caruncle; cc—companion chaetae; gp—glandular pouch; hh—hooded hook; lt—lateral tooth; ma—median antenna; fs—falcate spine; nec—neuropodial capillaries; nel—neuropodial lamella; noc—notopodial capillaries; nol—notopodial lamella; pa—palp; pr— prostomium; sh—shelf; vc—ventral capillaries. Scale bars: (A–D) = 1 mm; (E) = 300 μm; (F–I) = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770803/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
). All observed larvae had eye spots and long larval chaetae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FD36611FFB4FF84FF1CF9CE16B5F894" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770819" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6770819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770819/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,250,1624,1648]" targetBox="[156,1432,456,1597]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB4FF84FF1CF9CE16B5F894" blockId="13.[151,1437,1624,1865]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FF1CF9CE144FF9AD" bold="true" box="[151,276,1624,1648]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum likelihood tree inferred from concatenated sequences of nuclear 18S and 28S and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB4FF84FE1EF9EB1719F948" box="[405,578,1661,1685]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FE1EF9EB14A8F948" box="[405,499,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
obtained in this study and from DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank database (Table 1). The gene sequences obtained in this study are highlighted in boldface. SH-aLRT/approximate Bayes support/ultrafast bootstrap support values of ≥80%/≥0.95/≥95%, respectively, are given beside the respective nodes. Nodes with red circles indicate triple high support values of SH-aLRT ≥ 80, approximate Bayes support ≥ 0.95, and ultrafast bootstrap support ≥ 95. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB4FF84FD1CF89B1600F8F8" box="[663,859,1805,1829]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FD1CF89B1657F8F8" box="[663,780,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Dipolydora</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are used for outgroup rooting. The symbols at the left of the species names indicate the lifestyle based on the available information (Table 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB4FF87FF4CF8E11755FE0C" blockId="13.[151,1437,1911,2009]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,969]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FF4CF8E114D4F84C" bold="true" box="[199,399,1911,1937]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Host association.</emphasis>
|
||
Currently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB4FF84FD86F8E1166FF84C" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[525,820,1911,1937]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FD86F8E117D9F84C" box="[525,642,1911,1937]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Polycarpa</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FD20F8EE166FF84C" box="[683,820,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">cryptocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FCB1F8E116CBF84C" box="[826,912,1911,1937]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">kroboja</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB4FF84FC4EF8E111C9F84C" box="[965,1170,1911,1937]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FC4EF8E11130F84C" box="[965,1131,1911,1937]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Cnemidocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB4FF84FB2BF8E1107AF84C" box="[1184,1313,1911,1937]" class="Ascidiacea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Ascidiacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB4FF84FAA0F8E110CEF84C" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1881" box="[1323,1429,1911,1937]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Styelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are known as hosts. All specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB4FF84FDC2F80A1798F868" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[585,707,1947,1973]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FDC2F80A1798F868" box="[585,707,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB4FF84FD40F80D167CF868" bold="true" box="[715,807,1947,1973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB4FF84FD40F80D167CF868" box="[715,807,1947,1973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
burrow into the tunica and construct mud tubes on the host surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB4FF84FEBAF82914F5F804" box="[305,430,1983,2009]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-18@9.[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. A: palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. protruding from their burrows in the tunics of the sessile ascidian Polycarpa cf. cryptocarpa kroboja. B: closeup of palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. C, D: tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. concentrated on near siphons of the ascidians. E: juvenile of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. (arrowhead) constructing a mucous tube on the siphons of the ascidians but not yet bore into the tunic. F: cross-section of a host ascidian showing many pairs of boreholes filled with mud tubes (arrowheads) of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. in the host tunic. Photo by O. Hoshino (A–E) and H. Abe (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770805/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The positions of the burrows are variable, but most worms construct burrows with the openings near siphons of host ascidians (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FDD5FF011783FF6C" box="[606,728,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-18@9.[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. A: palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. protruding from their burrows in the tunics of the sessile ascidian Polycarpa cf. cryptocarpa kroboja. B: closeup of palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. C, D: tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. concentrated on near siphons of the ascidians. E: juvenile of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. (arrowhead) constructing a mucous tube on the siphons of the ascidians but not yet bore into the tunic. F: cross-section of a host ascidian showing many pairs of boreholes filled with mud tubes (arrowheads) of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. in the host tunic. Photo by O. Hoshino (A–E) and H. Abe (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770805/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). One juvenile worm, which did not bore but constructed a tube at the tip of the host siphon, was observed in
|
||
<date id="BF121059FFB7FF87FD1AFF2D1618FF08" box="[657,835,187,213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2017-12">December 2017</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FCD9FF2D16F1FF08" box="[850,938,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-18@9.[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. A: palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. protruding from their burrows in the tunics of the sessile ascidian Polycarpa cf. cryptocarpa kroboja. B: closeup of palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. C, D: tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. concentrated on near siphons of the ascidians. E: juvenile of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. (arrowhead) constructing a mucous tube on the siphons of the ascidians but not yet bore into the tunic. F: cross-section of a host ascidian showing many pairs of boreholes filled with mud tubes (arrowheads) of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. in the host tunic. Photo by O. Hoshino (A–E) and H. Abe (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770805/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The number of worms per host was zero to several tens of individuals. The second author (OH) has been observing marine organisms by more than 500 dives per year for more than 20 years in the sea of Izu-Oshima Island, but worms matching the new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FABFFE9510C7FEC0" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" box="[1332,1436,259,285]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FABFFE9510C7FEC0" box="[1332,1436,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not observed so far in other substrates including other ascidians (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FC54FEB11589FEB8" authority="Tokioka & Nishikawa, 1975" authorityName="Tokioka & Nishikawa" authorityYear="1975" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyclus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FC54FEB111C2FE9C" box="[991,1177,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Clavelina cyclus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FB14FEB11589FEB8" author="Tokioka, T. & Nishikawa, T." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="323 - 341" refId="ref15375" refString="Tokioka, T. & Nishikawa, T. (1975) Contribution to the Japanese ascidian fauna. 27. Some ascidians from Okinawa, with notes on a small collection from Hong Kong. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 22, 323 - 341. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 175896" type="journal article" year="1975">Tokioka & Nishikawa, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FF54FEDD17FAFEB8" authority="(Hartmeyer, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Hartmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[223,673,331,357]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="irene">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FF54FEDD149DFEB9" box="[223,454,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cnemidocarpa irene</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FE5DFEDD17C1FEB8" author="Hartmeyer, R." box="[470,666,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref11039" refString="Hartmeyer, R. (1906) Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der japanischen Ascidienfauna. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 31, 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1906">Hartmeyer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FD24FEDD114EFEB8" authority="Kott, 2002" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2002" box="[687,1045,331,357]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vexillum">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FD24FEDD16CAFEB8" box="[687,913,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Didemnum vexillum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FC12FEDD114EFEB8" author="Kott, P." box="[921,1045,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="625 - 628" refId="ref12056" refString="Kott, P. (2002) A complex didemnid ascidian from Whangamata, New Zealand. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 82 (4), 625 - 628. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315402005970" type="journal article" year="2002">Kott, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FBA9FEDD10C3FEB8" authority="Oka, 1892" authorityName="Oka" authorityYear="1892" box="[1058,1432,331,357]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Diplosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mitsukurii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FBA9FEDD104CFEB8" box="[1058,1303,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diplosoma mitsukurii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FA94FEDD10C3FEB8" author="Oka, A." box="[1311,1432,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="265 - 268" refId="ref13477" refString="Oka, A. (1892) Die periodische Regeneration der oberen Korperhalfte bei den Diplosomiden. Biologisches Centralblatt, 12, 265 - 268. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7276" type="journal article" year="1892">Oka, 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FF1CFEF9164DFE54" authority="Watanabe & Tokioka, 1972" authorityName="Watanabe & Tokioka" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,790,367,393]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="misakiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FF1CFEF9148CFE54" box="[151,471,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polyandrocarpa misakiensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FE55FEF9164DFE54" author="Watanabe, H. & Tokioka, T." box="[478,790,367,393]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="327 - 345" refId="ref15435" refString="Watanabe, H. & Tokioka, T. (1972) Two new species and one possibly new race of social styelids from Sagami Bay with remarks on their life history especially the mode of budding. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 19 (5), 327 - 345. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 175726" type="journal article" year="1972">Watanabe & Tokioka, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FCA9FEF911C9FE54" authority="(Oka, 1933)" baseAuthorityName="Oka" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[802,1170,367,393]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Polycitor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="proliferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FCA9FEF916A4FE54" box="[802,1023,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polycitor proliferus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FB9BFEF911D2FE54" author="Oka, A." box="[1040,1161,367,393]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="78 - 81" refId="ref13541" refString="Oka, A. (1933) Uber Sigillinaria, eine neue Synascidien gattung aus Nordpazific, Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan, 9 (2), 78 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.2183 / pjab 1912.9.78" type="journal article" year="1933">Oka, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FB14FEF91460FE70" authority="Tokioka, 1958" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1958" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragile">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FB14FEF910C6FE54" box="[1183,1437,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pseudodistoma fragile</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FF1CFE051460FE70" author="Tokioka, T." box="[151,315,402,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="313 - 326" refId="ref15330" refString="Tokioka, T. (1958) Contribution to Japanese ascidian fauna. 12. Sporadic memoranda. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 6 (3), 313 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 174590" type="journal article" year="1958">Tokioka, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FECDFE0517EFFE70" authority="(Drasche, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Drasche" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[326,692,403,429]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FECDFE0514ADFE70" box="[326,502,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pyura mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FD8EFE0517F7FE70" author="Drasche, R." box="[517,684,403,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="369 - 386" refId="ref10753" refString="Drasche, R. (1884) Uber einige neue und weniger gekannte aussereuropaische einfache Ascidien. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 48, 369 - 386." type="journal article" year="1884">Drasche, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FD34FE05119AFE70" authority="Monniot & Monniot, 2001" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="2001" box="[703,1217,403,429]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="circula">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FD34FE0516D6FE70" box="[703,909,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rhopalaea circula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FC1FFE05119AFE70" author="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C." box="[916,1217,403,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="201 - 383" refId="ref13053" refString="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C. (2001) Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific. Zoosystema, 23 (2), 201 - 383." type="journal article" year="2001">Monniot & Monniot, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FB47FE051454FE0C" authority="Herdman, 1881" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1881" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="clava">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FB47FE05100EFE70" box="[1228,1365,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Styela clava</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF3D4B68FFB7FF87FAD0FE051454FE0C" author="Herdman, W. A." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="52 - 88" refId="ref11063" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1881) Preliminary report on the Tunicata of the Challenger expedition. Cynthiidae. Proceeding of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 11 (3), 52 - 88. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 48710941" type="journal article" year="1881">Herdman, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FEC0FE211492FE0C" box="[331,457,439,465]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Botryllinae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Botryllinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83B66512FFB7FF87FF4CFE4D17D3FC14" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB7FF87FF4CFE4D106DFD74" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Anatomical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FED3FE4D14F0FE28" box="[344,427,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-18@9.[151,1436,181,1777]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora tunicola sp. nov. A: palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. protruding from their burrows in the tunics of the sessile ascidian Polycarpa cf. cryptocarpa kroboja. B: closeup of palps and mud tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. C, D: tubes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. concentrated on near siphons of the ascidians. E: juvenile of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. (arrowhead) constructing a mucous tube on the siphons of the ascidians but not yet bore into the tunic. F: cross-section of a host ascidian showing many pairs of boreholes filled with mud tubes (arrowheads) of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. in the host tunic. Photo by O. Hoshino (A–E) and H. Abe (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770805/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and micro-CT (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FDE8FE4D17FFFE28" box="[611,676,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1002,1026]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,181,979]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[170,1417,181,979]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micro-CT images of the host ascidian. A: three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed image of three U-shaped burrows of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. B: two-dimensional reconstructed images of three U-shaped burrows of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. extracted from tomographic data. Arrowheads of figures A and B indicate the apertures of the burrows. C–E: Cross-sectional image of the host. Arrowheads indicate the boreholes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. in the ascidian tunic. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770815/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) examination of the ascidians showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FB09FE4D11A3FE28" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1154,1272,475,501]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FB09FE4D11A3FE28" box="[1154,1272,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FB75FE4D100CFE28" bold="true" box="[1278,1367,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB7FF87FB75FE4D100CFE28" box="[1278,1367,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
bored into the cellulose-rich ascidian tunics and constructed a U-shaped burrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FC61FE69113DFDC4" box="[1002,1126,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1002,1026]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,181,979]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[170,1417,181,979]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micro-CT images of the host ascidian. A: three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed image of three U-shaped burrows of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. B: two-dimensional reconstructed images of three U-shaped burrows of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. extracted from tomographic data. Arrowheads of figures A and B indicate the apertures of the burrows. C–E: Cross-sectional image of the host. Arrowheads indicate the boreholes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. in the ascidian tunic. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770815/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the cross-sectional images of the host, many pairs of the boreholes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FD36FDB5166DFDE0" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[701,822,547,573]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FD36FDB5166DFDE0" box="[701,822,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FCB5FDB516C2FDE0" bold="true" box="[830,921,547,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB7FF87FCB5FDB516C2FDE0" box="[830,921,547,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were observed in the host tunica because the burrows were U-shaped and the two apertures were adjacent to each other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FC6FFDD11106FDBC" box="[996,1117,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1002,1026]" captionTargetBox="[170,1417,181,979]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[170,1417,181,979]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micro-CT images of the host ascidian. A: three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed image of three U-shaped burrows of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. B: two-dimensional reconstructed images of three U-shaped burrows of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. extracted from tomographic data. Arrowheads of figures A and B indicate the apertures of the burrows. C–E: Cross-sectional image of the host. Arrowheads indicate the boreholes of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. in the ascidian tunic. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770815/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5C–E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FBFBFDD11067FDBC" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1136,1340,583,609]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FBFBFDD11067FDBC" box="[1136,1340,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FAC8FDD110C7FDBC" bold="true" box="[1347,1436,583,609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB7FF87FAC8FDD110C7FDBC" box="[1347,1436,583,609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
constructed the external mud tubes on the host surface as extensions of the two openings of the burrow (i.e., approximately twice as many external mud tubes as burrows) and the burrows were lined with mud and silt.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB7FF87FF4CFD25172AFC80" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FF4CFD251497FD10" bold="true" box="[199,460,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Molecular phylogeny.</emphasis>
|
||
The intraspecific variation in gene sequences of
|
||
<specimenCount id="DDAAFD10FFB7FF87FB8DFD251108FD10" box="[1030,1107,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">
|
||
five
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FBB0FD251108FD10" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1083,1107,691,717]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FBB0FD251117FD11" box="[1083,1100,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FBD7FD2511E3FD10" box="[1116,1208,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FB49FD251045FD10" bold="true" box="[1218,1310,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB7FF87FB49FD251045FD10" box="[1218,1310,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
specimens were 0% (0/1749 bp) for 18S, 0%–0.13% (0–1/767 bp) for 28S, and 0%–0.42% (0–2/473 bp) for 16S rRNA. The phylogenic analyses of the concatenated sequences recovered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FCD2FD6D168DFCC8" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[857,982,763,789]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FCD2FD6D1631FCC9" box="[857,874,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FCF1FD6D168DFCC8" box="[890,982,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FC55FD6D1162FCC8" bold="true" box="[990,1081,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB7FF87FC55FD6D1162FCC8" box="[990,1081,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as the sister species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FACCFD6D10C7FCC9" box="[1351,1436,763,789]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aura">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FACCFD6D1003FCC9" box="[1351,1368,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FAECFD6D10C7FCC9" box="[1383,1436,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">aura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within a well-supported clade (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FE7EFC891761FCE4" box="[501,570,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1624,1648]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,456,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-127@13.[151,1436,453,1601]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Maximum likelihood tree inferred from concatenated sequences of nuclear 18S and 28S and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences of Polydora species obtained in this study and from DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank database (Table 1). The gene sequences obtained in this study are highlighted in boldface. SH-aLRT/approximate Bayes support/ultrafast bootstrap support values of ≥80%/≥0.95/≥95%, respectively, are given beside the respective nodes. Nodes with red circles indicate triple high sup- port values of SH-aLRT ≥ 80, approximate Bayes support ≥ 0.95, and ultrafast bootstrap support ≥ 95. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Sequences of Dipolydora species are used for outgroup rooting. The symbols at the left of the species names indicate the lifestyle based on the available information (Table 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770819/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FDDBFC891640FCE4" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[592,795,799,825]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FDDBFC891640FCE4" box="[592,795,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polydora tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FCA8FC891626FCE4" bold="true" box="[803,893,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB7FF87FCA8FC891626FCE4" box="[803,893,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FC3FFC891152FCE5" box="[948,1033,799,825]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aura">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FC3FFC89169EFCE5" box="[948,965,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FC5FFC891152FCE5" box="[980,1033,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">aura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also formed a well-supported clade with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FF5BFCD51433FC80" box="[208,360,835,861]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lingulicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FF5BFCD515BAFC81" box="[208,225,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FF64FCD51433FC80" box="[239,360,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">lingulicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FE14FCD51730FC80" box="[415,619,835,861]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glycymerica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FE14FCD514EBFC81" box="[415,432,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P</emphasis>
|
||
. cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FE69FCD51730FC80" box="[482,619,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">glycymerica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB133699FFB7FF87FF4CFCF017D3FC14" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FF4CFCF014C2FC5D" bold="true" box="[199,409,870,896]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cellulase activity.</emphasis>
|
||
The results of plate assay (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FD4DFCF11645FC5C" box="[710,798,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1607,1631]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,993,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-409@14.[151,1436,993,1584]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Results of plate assay (A) and zymographic analysis (B) for cellulase activity of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Haloes (A: destained areas) and destained bands (B: arrowheads) indicate the cellulose decomposition (exhibition of cellulase activity). PC = positive control (crystalline style of a brackish water clam Corbicula japonica), NC = negative control." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770823/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and zymography (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53972A1CFFB7FF87FC7DFCF11110FC5C" box="[1014,1099,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1607,1631]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,993,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-409@14.[151,1436,993,1584]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Results of plate assay (A) and zymographic analysis (B) for cellulase activity of Polydora tunicola sp. nov. Haloes (A: destained areas) and destained bands (B: arrowheads) indicate the cellulose decomposition (exhibition of cellulase activity). PC = positive control (crystalline style of a brackish water clam Corbicula japonica), NC = negative control." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6770823/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
) consistently detected the cellulase activities in the individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CAC4D1AFFB7FF87FDB9FC1D17F6FC78" authority="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi, 2022" authorityName="Abe & Hoshino & Yamada & Ogino & Kawaida & Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2022" box="[562,685,907,933]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tunicola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FDB9FC1D1718FC79" box="[562,579,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FDDAFC1D17F6FC78" box="[593,685,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tunicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D8EA8BFFB7FF87FD38FC1D1656FC78" bold="true" box="[691,781,907,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2EB57F0FFB7FF87FD38FC1D1656FC78" box="[691,781,907,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Zymography showed multiple forms of cellulase enzymes with molecular weights near 63 and 50 kDa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |