196 lines
15 KiB
XML
196 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.822.30151" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e010c38-a78e-44d9-9f66-79d0516d85b6" ID-PMC="PMC6374356" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-822-79" ID-PubMed="30774503" ID-ZBK="AE9558B0480445FFB93E78F930755511" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-822-79" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 822" ModsDocTitle="Keys to world Charipinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae)" checkinTime="1549492740273" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ferrer-Suay, Mar, elfa, Jesus & Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2019" docId="39AB26B9710865140EDB96348434E9DF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 822: 79-139" docOrigin="ZooKeys 822" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.822.30151" docTitle="Alloxysta Foerster 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="FFB590523B01FFC8B357FFE7FF6B2401" masterDocTitle="Keys to world Charipinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae)" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1668166907601" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Keys to world Charipinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Ferrer-Suay, Mar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>elfa, Jesus</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>822</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>79</mods:start>
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<mods:end>139</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.822.30151</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.822.30151</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-822-79</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">AE9558B0480445FFB93E78F930755511</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">AE9558B0480445FFB93E78F930755511</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154127096" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:39AB26B9710865140EDB96348434E9DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/39AB26B9710865140EDB96348434E9DF" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Alloxysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alloxysta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Alloxysta
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Allotria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotria</taxonomicName>
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Westwood, 1833: 494. Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Allotria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotria victrix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="victrix">Allotria victrix</taxonomicName>
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Westwood, 1833. Homonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Allotria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allotria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allotria</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
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, 1823: 280. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hellen, W" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 23" title="Die Alloxystininen Finnlands (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)." volume="15" year="1963">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hellén">Hellen</normalizedToken>
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(1963
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 8).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xystus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xystus</taxonomicName>
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Hartig, 1840: 199. Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xystus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystus erythrocephalus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythrocephalus">Xystus erythrocephalus</taxonomicName>
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Hartig, 1840. Homonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xystus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xystus</taxonomicName>
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Schoenherr, 1826: 310. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hellen, W" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 23" title="Die Alloxystininen Finnlands (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)." volume="15" year="1963">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hellén">Hellen</normalizedToken>
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(1963
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 8).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Alloxysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alloxysta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alloxysta</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869: 338. Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xystus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystus macrophadnus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrophadnus">Xystus macrophadnus</taxonomicName>
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Hartig, 1841.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Pezophycta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pezophycta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pezophycta</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869: 338. Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xystus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystus brachypterus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterus">Xystus brachypterus</taxonomicName>
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Hartig, 1840. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hellen, W" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 23" title="Die Alloxystininen Finnlands (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)." volume="15" year="1963">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hellén">Hellen</normalizedToken>
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(1963
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 8).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Nephycta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephycta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nephycta</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869: 338. Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Nephycta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephycta discreta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discreta">Nephycta discreta</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hellen, W" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 23" title="Die Alloxystininen Finnlands (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)." volume="15" year="1963">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hellén">Hellen</normalizedToken>
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(1963
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 8).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Adelixysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adelixysta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Adelixysta</taxonomicName>
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Kierych, 1988: 351. Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Adelixysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adelixysta sawoniewiczi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sawoniewiczi">Adelixysta sawoniewiczi</taxonomicName>
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Kierych, 1988. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Menke, AS" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" pagination="136 - 158" title="North American Charipidae: key to genera, nomenclature, species checklists, and a new species of Dilyta Foerster (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea)." volume="93" year="1991">Menke and Evenhuis (1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 150).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Carvercharips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carvercharips" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carvercharips</taxonomicName>
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Kovalev, 1994: 413, 414. Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Alloxysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alloxysta carinata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">Alloxysta carinata</taxonomicName>
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Carver, 1992. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Paretas-Martinez, J" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" pagination="153 - 172" title="Phylogeny of the parasitic wasp subfamily Charipinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00269.x" volume="36" year="2007">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paretas-Martínez">Paretas-Martinez</normalizedToken>
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et al. (2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 161).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="general features">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">General features.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Head. Transversally ovate, smooth and shiny, slightly wider than high in anterior view.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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Setae found below, between and above toruli, on vertex and multiple setae on the face. Transfacial distance is 0.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1.3×">-1.3x</normalizedToken>
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the height of the compound eye. Malar space is 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.6×">-0.6x</normalizedToken>
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the height of the compound eye (Fig. 12[1]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Antenna. Female: 13-segmented, filiform. All antennomers covered with sparse setae (Fig. 12[5]). Male: 14-segmented, filiform. All antennomers covered with sparse setae (Fig. 12[6]).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Mesosoma. Pronotum with scattered setae that are differently distributed, depending on the species, with or without carinae (Fig. 12[3]). Mesoscutum is smooth and shiny, round in the dorsal view, with sparse setae. Scutellum is smooth and shiny with scattered setae that are usually more abundant on the apex (Fig. 12[8]). Propodeum with multiple setae, with or without carinae; carinae are separated or fused, forming a variably shaped plate (Fig. 12[7]).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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Forewing. Longer than the body, 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1.8×">-1.8x</normalizedToken>
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as long as the mesosoma and metasoma together, with dense pubescence; marginal setae present (Fig. 12[2]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Metasoma. Anterior region has an incomplete ring of setae, is glabrous at centre and is wider laterally. Metasoma is smooth and shiny, with T3 and T4 clearly separated (Fig. 12[4]).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Cosmopolitan (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="host">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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Endoparasitoids of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Aphidiinae">Aphidiinae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Chalcidoidea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="family">Braconidae</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Aphelininae">Aphelininae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Chalcidoidea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="family">Braconidae</taxonomicName>
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) that are endoparasitoids of aphids (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="Chalcidoidea" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Aphididae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="family">Aphididae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Fergusson 1986</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Menke, AS" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" pagination="136 - 158" title="North American Charipidae: key to genera, nomenclature, species checklists, and a new species of Dilyta Foerster (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea)." volume="93" year="1991">Menke and Evenhuis 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). Found in a variety of hosts (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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Figure 12.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Alloxysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alloxysta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alloxysta</taxonomicName>
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general features. Head (1); fore wing (2); pronotum (3); metasoma (4); female antennae (5); male antennae (6); propodeum (7); mesoscutum (8).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |