treatments-xml/data/39/37/AB/3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2.xml

<document id="94D4B41DCBAB3C122BF47BBD394F2A8C" ID-DOI="10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0059" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10960765" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1712845596858" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zanata, Angela Maria, Oliveira-Silva, Leonardo &amp; Ohara, Willian M." docDate="2023" docId="3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.2023.21.1.e220059.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology (e 220059) 21 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.22268849.v1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823.3:NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Characidium fleurdelis Zanata &amp; Oliveira-Silva &amp; Ohara 2023, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="C50ED3143673FF9C5B34FF96FFC8FFE3" masterDocTitle="A new sexually dichromatic miniature Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the rio Guaporé, rio Madeira basin, Brazil, with remarkable morphological novelties to the genus" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="20" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1715067658956" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="344931A43D1AC9C95E3C9EE84E57E432">A new sexually dichromatic miniature Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the rio Guaporé, rio Madeira basin, Brazil, with remarkable morphological novelties to the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3315263D322A1988F086749DB9F20C76">Zanata, Angela Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="80E8B67D201B2B764B145EF86ADD3F4B">Oliveira-Silva, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="609E01AAE71E1DDB7BA99A98D83BCB68">Ohara, Willian M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A89E5D3ADA38A3A268AD4F40697E56D6">Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9BB3C36DB139DF63E2E58E966229B2F8">2023</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="F98449F13671FF9E59CEF9B5FADEF967" pageId="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3671FF9E59CEF9B5FB69F9D8" blockId="2.[762,1185,1571,1595]" box="[762,1185,1571,1595]" pageId="2">
<heading id="EA69AD163671FF9E59CEF9B5FB69F9D8" box="[762,1185,1571,1595]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93671FF9E59CEF9B5FBC7F9D8" authority="Zanata &amp; Oliveira-Silva &amp; Ohara, 2023" authorityName="Zanata &amp; Oliveira-Silva &amp; Ohara" authorityYear="2023" box="[762,1039,1571,1595]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683671FF9E59CEF9B5FBC7F9D8" bold="true" box="[762,1039,1571,1595]" pageId="2">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
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, 
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
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<paragraph id="B1211A7A3671FF9E5852F92EFBFDF932" blockId="2.[870,1077,1720,1745]" box="[870,1077,1720,1745]" pageId="2">
(
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3671FF9E585AF92EFC1FF933" box="[878,983,1720,1744]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionStartId-1="5.[488,561,1388,1408]" captionStartId-2="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionStartId-3="7.[136,209,1201,1221]" captionStartId-4="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox-0="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetBox-1="[508,1459,611,1365]" captionTargetBox-2="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetBox-3="[136,1459,180,1178]" captionTargetBox-4="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId-0="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId-1="figure-166@5.[488,1459,588,1365]" captionTargetId-2="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetId-3="figure-63@7.[136,1459,180,1178]" captionTargetId-4="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." captionText-1="FIGURE 2 | Dentary of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratype, male, 21.0 mm SL, outer view." captionText-2="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." captionText-3="FIGURE 4 | Pseudotympanum of Characidium fleurdelis UFBA 9234, paratype, 20.6 mm SL, right side in lateral view. Overlying skin and adipose tissue removed. ls, lateralis superficialis; oi, obliquus inferioris; os, obliquus superioris. Asterisk indicates the rib of fifth vertebrae." captionText-4="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960769" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960773" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10960769/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10960773/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="FC1C2FC13671FF9E58D7F92EFBE2F932" box="[995,1066,1720,1745]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="9.[488,550,193,213]" captionTargetId="graphics-45@9.[488,1459,432,1249]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of holotype and paratypes of Characidium fleurdelis (n = 30), range includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E5E14AF2367AFF955ADCFF57FC87FF18" pageId="2" tableUuid="E5E14AF2367AFF955ADCFF57FC87FF18">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F98449F13671FF9F5932F895FC86FCB3" lastPageId="3" pageId="2" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3671FF9E5932F895FD18F868" blockId="2.[488,1459,1795,1931]" pageId="2">
<materialsCitation id="01F610273671FF9E5932F895FD18F868" collectingDate="2022-01-23" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="W. Ohara." country="Brazil" county="Corumbiara town" elevation="197" latitude="-12.998978" location="rio Oimere" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.147526" municipality="Vitoria da Uniao district" pageId="2" specimenCode="MZUSP 126956" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rondonia" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683671FF9E5932F895FDB5F8F8" bold="true" box="[518,637,1795,1819]" pageId="2">
<typeStatus id="6E25A4D83671FF9E5932F895FDB1F8F8" box="[518,633,1795,1819]" pageId="2" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="E138B2013671FF9E59BEF895FC83F8F8" box="[650,843,1795,1819]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2">MZUSP 126956</specimenCode>
, 
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SL, 
<collectingCountry id="C9895AEA3671FF9E5F30F895FB80F8F8" box="[1028,1096,1795,1819]" name="Brazil" pageId="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="735AD4983671FF9E5F6DF895FB02F8F8" box="[1113,1226,1795,1819]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="2">Rondônia</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="584062F63671FF9E5FE8F895FA67F8F8" box="[1244,1455,1795,1819]" pageId="2">Corumbiara town</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="514580003671FF9E5ADCF8BEFD35F8A3" box="[488,765,1832,1856]" pageId="2">Vitória da União district</collectingMunicipality>
, stream tributary of 
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, 
<location id="B4414CA13671FF9E5F59F8BEFAD7F8A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13671FF9E5F59F8BEFAD7F8A3" box="[1133,1311,1832,1856]" country="Brazil" county="Corumbiara town" latitude="-12.998978" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.147526" municipality="Vitoria da Uniao district" name="rio Corumbiara" pageId="2" stateProvince="Rondonia">rio Corumbiara</location>
, 
<location id="B4414CA13671FF9E5E1EF8BEFA7BF8A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13671FF9E5E1EF8BEFA7BF8A2" box="[1322,1459,1832,1857]" country="Brazil" county="Corumbiara town" latitude="-12.998978" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.147526" municipality="Vitoria da Uniao district" name="rio Guapore" pageId="2" stateProvince="Rondonia">rio Guaporé</location>
sub basin, 
<location id="B4414CA13671FF9E5969F8D8FD28F885" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13671FF9E5969F8D8FD28F885" box="[605,736,1870,1894]" country="Brazil" county="Corumbiara town" latitude="-12.998978" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.147526" municipality="Vitoria da Uniao district" name="rio Madeira" pageId="2" stateProvince="Rondonia">rio Madeira</location>
basin, 
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, 
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<quantity id="7666B79F3671FF9E5FA1F8D8FB15F886" box="[1173,1245,1870,1894]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.97" pageId="2" unit="m" value="197.0">197 m</quantity>
above sea level
</elevation>
, 
<date id="C5203CBA3671FF9E5EACF8D8FD83F868" pageId="2" value="2022-01-23">
<collectingDate id="D564C5523671FF9E5EACF8D8FD83F868" pageId="2" value="2022-01-23">23 Jan 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3671FF9E5963F8E2FD18F868" box="[599,720,1907,1931]" pageId="2">W. Ohara.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3670FF9F5932FF28FC02FE38" blockId="3.[488,1459,190,475]" pageId="3">
<materialsCitation id="01F610273670FF9F5932FF28FA67FF35" box="[518,1455,190,214]" country="Brazil" county="All" location="Vitoria da Uniao district" municipality="Corumbiara town" pageId="3" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rondonia" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5932FF28FD48FF35" bold="true" box="[518,640,190,214]" pageId="3">
<typeStatus id="6E25A4D83670FF9F5932FF28FDB3FF35" box="[518,635,190,214]" pageId="3" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="584062F63670FF9F59B3FF28FD60FF35" box="[647,680,190,214]" pageId="3">All</collectingCounty>
from 
<collectingCountry id="C9895AEA3670FF9F59DBFF28FCFBFF35" box="[751,819,190,214]" name="Brazil" pageId="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="735AD4983670FF9F5874FF28FC79FF35" box="[832,945,190,214]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="3">Rondônia</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="514580003670FF9F5889FF28FB44FF36" box="[957,1164,190,214]" pageId="3">Corumbiara town</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="B4414CA13670FF9F5FACFF28FA67FF35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13670FF9F5FACFF28FA67FF35" box="[1176,1455,190,214]" country="Brazil" county="All" municipality="Corumbiara town" name="Vitoria da Uniao district" pageId="3" stateProvince="Rondonia">Vitória da União district</location>
</materialsCitation>
, stream tributary of rio Oimerê, tributary of rio Corumbiara, rio Guaporé sub basin, 
<materialsCitation id="01F610273670FF9F5ADCFE9EFA67FEC2" box="[488,1455,264,289]" collectionCode="UFBA" latitude="-12.998978" location="rio Madeira" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.147526" pageId="3" specimenCode="UFBA 9231" specimenCount="1">
<location id="B4414CA13670FF9F5ADCFE9EFDA4FEC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13670FF9F5ADCFE9EFDA4FEC3" box="[488,620,264,288]" latitude="-12.998978" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.147526" name="rio Madeira" pageId="3">rio Madeira</location>
basin, 
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F5988FE9EFC94FEC3" box="[700,860,264,288]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="56.32" value="-12.998978">12°59’56.32”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F5850FE9EFBDFFEC3" box="[868,1047,264,288]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="51.09" value="-61.147526">61°08’51.09”W</geoCoordinate>
. 
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F5F17FE9FFB66FEC2" box="[1059,1198,265,289]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="3">UFBA 9231</specimenCode>
*, 3, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5FD6FE9FFA4EFEC3" box="[1250,1414,265,289]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.17" metricValueMin="2.03" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="21.7" valueMin="20.3">20.3–21.7 mm</quantity>
SL
</materialsCitation>
, 1 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5901FEB8FD51FEA6" box="[565,665,302,326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="20.3">20.3 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<date id="C5203CBA3670FF9F59F9FEB8FC9FFEA5" box="[717,855,302,326]" pageId="3" value="2021-05-06">6 May 2021</date>
, W. M. Ohara &amp; W. C. S. Tomicha. 
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF3670FF9F5E35FEB8FA8CFEA5" box="[1281,1348,302,326]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">INPA</collectionCode>
59849, 5, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5ADCFEC5FD43FE88" box="[488,651,339,363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.035" metricValueMax="2.44" metricValueMin="1.63" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="20.35" valueMax="24.4" valueMin="16.3">16.3–24.4 mm</quantity>
SL; 
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF3670FF9F598AFEC5FCC0FE88" box="[702,776,339,363]" pageId="3">UFBA</collectionCode>
9233, 21, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F584BFEC5FBEAFE88" box="[895,1058,339,363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.835" metricValueMax="2.2199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="18.35" valueMax="22.2" valueMin="14.5">14.5–22.2 mm</quantity>
SL; 
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF3670FF9F5F63FEC5FB7EFE88" box="[1111,1206,339,363]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="3">MZUSP</collectionCode>
126957, 12, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5E71FEC5FDDDFE73" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8199999999999998" metricValueMax="2.13" metricValueMin="1.51" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="18.2" valueMax="21.3" valueMin="15.1">
15.1–21.3 
<materialsCitation id="01F610273670FF9F5ADCFEEFFA7BFE73" box="[488,1459,376,401]" collectingDate="2021-08-19" collectionCode="V" collectorName="W. Ohara &amp; O. Alves." pageId="3" specimenCode="UFBA 9234" specimenCount="1">
mm SL, 
<date id="C5203CBA3670FF9F597BFEEFFD23FE72" box="[591,747,377,401]" pageId="3" value="2021-08-19">
<collectingDate id="D564C5523670FF9F597BFEEFFD23FE72" box="[591,747,377,401]" pageId="3" value="2021-08-19">19 Aug 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3670FF9F59CEFEEFFCB8FE73" box="[762,880,376,400]" pageId="3">W. Ohara</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF3670FF9F58AFFEEFFC7AFE73" box="[923,946,377,400]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3670FF9F58F4FEEFFBE5FE73" box="[960,1069,376,401]" pageId="3">O. Alves.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F5F03FEEFFB0DFE72" box="[1079,1221,377,401]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="3">UFBA 9234</specimenCode>
*, 22, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5E38FEEFFA7BFE73" box="[1292,1459,377,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.215" metricValueMax="2.41" metricValueMin="2.02" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="22.15" valueMax="24.1" valueMin="20.2">20.2–24.1 mm</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
</quantity>
SL, 4 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5955FE08FCCCFE56" box="[609,772,414,438]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.185" metricValueMax="2.35" metricValueMin="2.02" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="21.85" valueMax="23.5" valueMin="20.2">20.2–23.5 mm</quantity>
SL
<subScript id="2D1A183F3670FF9F581EFE38FCE6FE5F" attach="left" box="[810,814,430,444]" fontSize="6" pageId="3">;</subScript>
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF3670FF9F5806FE08FC59FE55" box="[818,913,414,438]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="3">MZUSP</collectionCode>
126958,12, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5F28FE08FB77FE56" box="[1052,1215,414,438]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.085" metricValueMax="2.33" metricValueMin="1.8399999999999999" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="20.85" valueMax="23.3" valueMin="18.4">18.4–23.3 mm</quantity>
SL; 
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF3670FF9F5FC7FE08FAFEFE55" box="[1267,1334,414,438]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">INPA</collectionCode>
59848, 24, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5ADCFE55FD42FE38" box="[488,650,451,475]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" metricValueMax="2.41" metricValueMin="1.93" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="21.7" valueMax="24.1" valueMin="19.3">19.3–24.1 mm</quantity>
SL collected with holotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3670FF9F599BFE42FD7BFE01" box="[687,691,468,482]" pageId="3">;</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3670FF9F5932FD98FC86FCB3" blockId="3.[488,1459,526,849]" pageId="3">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5932FD98FD46FDC5" bold="true" box="[518,654,526,550]" pageId="3">Non-types.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="01F610273670FF9F59A1FD98FD17FD94" collectingDate="2021-05-05" collectingDateMax="2021-05-06" collectingDateMin="2021-05-05" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="W. M. Ohara &amp; W. C. S. Tomicha." latitude="-13.013311" location="rio Oimere" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.141125" municipality="rio Oimere" pageId="3" specimenCode="INPA 59851, 2" specimenCount="1">
All from 
<collectingCountry id="C9895AEA3670FF9F59CDFD98FCF5FDC5" box="[761,829,526,550]" name="Brazil" pageId="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="735AD4983670FF9F587CFD98FC71FDC5" box="[840,953,526,550]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="3">Rondônia</collectingRegion>
, Corumbiara town, Vitória da União district, stream tributaries of rio Corumbiara, rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin. 
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF3670FF9F5E44FDA5FA7BFDA8" box="[1392,1459,563,587]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">INPA</collectionCode>
59850, 1, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5960FDCEFD7FFD93" box="[596,695,600,624]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
SL
<subScript id="2D1A183F3670FF9F59EFFDFFFD17FD94" attach="left" box="[731,735,617,631]" fontSize="6" pageId="3">,</subScript>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="01F610273670FF9F59D7FDCFFAACFD7F" collectingDate="2021-05-05" collectingDateMax="2021-05-06" collectingDateMin="2021-05-05" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="W. M. Ohara &amp; W. C. S. Tomicha." latitude="-13.013311" location="rio Oimere" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.141125" municipality="rio Oimere" pageId="3" specimenCode="INPA 59851, 2" specimenCount="1">
stream tributary of 
<location id="B4414CA13670FF9F588CFDCEFBF0FD93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13670FF9F588CFDCEFBF0FD93" box="[952,1080,600,624]" latitude="-13.013311" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.141125" municipality="rio Oimere" name="rio Oimere" pageId="3">rio Oimerê</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F5F77FDCEFB2AFD93" box="[1091,1250,600,624]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="56.32" value="-12.998978">12°59’56.32”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F5FDDFDCEFA52FD93" box="[1257,1434,600,624]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="51.09" value="-61.147526">61°08’51.09”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="C5203CBA3670FF9F5E91FDCEFD91FD75" pageId="3" value="2021-05-05">
<collectingDate id="D564C5523670FF9F5E91FDCEFD91FD75" pageId="3" value="2021-05-05">5 May 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3670FF9F5957FDE8FD3FFD75" box="[611,759,638,662]" pageId="3">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3670FF9F5822FDE8FC20FD75" box="[790,1000,638,662]" pageId="3">W. C. S. Tomicha.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F58DEFDE8FBB1FD75" box="[1002,1145,638,662]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">INPA 59851</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F5FB7FDE8FB5BFD75" box="[1155,1171,638,662]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">2</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5FA9FDE8FAF5FD76" box="[1181,1341,638,662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="1.96" metricValueMin="1.59" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="17.75" valueMax="19.6" valueMin="15.9">15.9–19.6 mm</quantity>
SL
<subScript id="2D1A183F3670FF9F5E54FD18FAACFD7F" attach="left" box="[1376,1380,654,668]" fontSize="6" pageId="3">,</subScript>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="01F610273670FF9F5E5EFDE8FB45FD02" collectingDate="2021-05-05" collectingDateMax="2021-05-06" collectingDateMin="2021-05-05" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="W. M. Ohara &amp; W. C. S. Tomicha." latitude="-13.013311" location="rio Oimere" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.141125" municipality="rio Oimere" pageId="3" specimenCode="INPA 59851, 2" specimenCount="1">
stream tributary of 
<collectingMunicipality id="514580003670FF9F5942FD35FD33FD58" box="[630,763,675,699]" pageId="3">rio Oimerê</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F583DFD35FC61FD58" box="[777,937,675,699]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="47.92" value="-13.013311">13°00’47.92”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F5887FD35FBADFD58" box="[947,1125,675,699]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="28.04" value="-61.141125">61°08’28.04”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="C5203CBA3670FF9F5F40FD35FACBFD58" box="[1140,1283,675,700]" pageId="3" value="2021-05-06">
<collectingDate id="D564C5523670FF9F5F40FD35FACBFD58" box="[1140,1283,675,700]" pageId="3" value="2021-05-06">6 May 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3670FF9F5E27FD32FA7AFD58" box="[1299,1458,675,699]" pageId="3">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3670FF9F5931FD5FFD2CFD03" box="[517,740,712,737]" pageId="3">W. C. S. Tomicha.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F59D9FD5FFC48FD03" box="[749,896,712,737]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">INPA 59852</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F58BAFD5FFC63FD02" box="[910,939,713,737]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">10</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F588EFD5FFC21FD02" box="[954,1001,713,737]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">13.7</specimenCode>
–17.0 mm SL,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="01F610273670FF9F5FA3FD5EFDF6FCD1" collectingDate="2021-05-05" collectingDateMax="2021-05-06" collectingDateMin="2021-05-05" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="W. M. Ohara &amp; W. C. S. Tomicha." latitude="-13.013311" location="rio Oimere" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.141125" municipality="rio Oimere" pageId="3" specimenCode="INPA 59851, 2" specimenCount="1">
<location id="B4414CA13670FF9F5FA3FD5EFAC1FD03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13670FF9F5FA3FD5EFAC1FD03" box="[1175,1289,712,736]" latitude="-13.087266" name="rio Bocao" pageId="3">rio Bocão</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F5E23FD5FFA7BFD03" box="[1303,1459,712,737]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="14.16" value="-13.087266">13° 5’14.16”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F5ADCFD78FD44FCE5" box="[488,652,750,774]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="7.50" value="-61.16875">61°10’7.50”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="C5203CBA3670FF9F59ACFD78FCE9FCE5" box="[664,801,750,774]" pageId="3" value="2021-05-06">
<collectingDate id="D564C5523670FF9F59ACFD78FCE9FCE5" box="[664,801,750,774]" pageId="3" value="2021-05-06">6 May 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3670FF9F5819FD78FC0FFCE5" box="[813,967,750,774]" pageId="3">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="1C6B7FAC3670FF9F58DEFD78FB0BFCE5" box="[1002,1219,750,774]" pageId="3">W. C. S. Tomicha.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F5FFEFD78FA93FCE5" box="[1226,1371,750,774]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">INPA 59853</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F5E53FD78FABDFCE5" box="[1383,1397,750,774]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">1</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="7666B79F3670FF9F5EB7FD78FDDDFCC8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="15.5">
<specimenCode id="E138B2013670FF9F5EB7FD78FA7BFCE5" box="[1411,1459,750,774]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3">15.5</specimenCode>
mm
</quantity>
SL
<subScript id="2D1A183F3670FF9F590EFCB2FDF6FCD1" attach="left" box="[570,574,804,818]" fontSize="6" pageId="3">,</subScript>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="01F610273670FF9F5976FC82FC86FCB3" collectingDate="2021-05-05" collectingDateMax="2021-05-06" collectingDateMin="2021-05-05" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="W. M. Ohara &amp; W. C. S. Tomicha." latitude="-13.013311" location="rio Oimere" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.141125" municipality="rio Oimere" pageId="3" specimenCode="INPA 59851, 2" specimenCount="1">
stream tributary of 
<location id="B4414CA13670FF9F582EFC85FC42FCC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13670FF9F582EFC85FC42FCC8" box="[794,906,787,811]" latitude="-13.061945" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.063053" name="rio Bocao" pageId="3">rio Bocão</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F58A2FC85FBFEFCC8" box="[918,1078,787,811]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="43.00" value="-13.061945">13°03’43.00”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D4AA7CBD3670FF9F5F09FC85FB27FCC8" box="[1085,1263,787,811]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" precision="1" seconds="47.00" value="-61.063053">61°03’47.00”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="C5203CBA3670FF9F5FCFFC85FA4BFCC8" box="[1275,1411,787,812]" pageId="3" value="2021-05-06">
<collectingDate id="D564C5523670FF9F5FCFFC85FA4BFCC8" box="[1275,1411,787,812]" pageId="3" value="2021-05-06">6 May 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, W. M. Ohara &amp; W. C. S. Tomicha.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F98449F13670FF995932FC15FB56FDE3" lastPageId="5" pageId="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3670FF995932FC15FB56FDE3" blockId="3.[488,1459,899,1894]" lastBlockId="5.[488,1459,190,513]" lastPageId="5" pageId="3">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5932FC15FD4EFC78" bold="true" box="[518,646,899,923]" pageId="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F59A1FC15FC41FC78" authorityName="Zanata &amp; Oliveira-Silva &amp; Ohara" authorityYear="2023" box="[661,905,899,923]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F59A1FC15FC41FC78" box="[661,905,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="3">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from congeners, except 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5E3BFC12FA4DFC78" authorityName="Taphorn, Montana &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2006" box="[1295,1413,899,923]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longum">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E3BFC12FA4DFC78" box="[1295,1413,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. longum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5EAEFC12FD92FC23" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1909" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pellucidum">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5EAEFC12FD92FC23" italics="true" pageId="3">C. pellucidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F59A2FC3FFCD8FC23" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1909" box="[662,784,936,960]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pteroides">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F59A2FC3FFCD8FC23" box="[662,784,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. pteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having teeth in the premaxilla and outer series of dentary strongly tricuspid, with three well developed and similar sized cusps (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3670FF9F5FCFFC58FAF6FC05" box="[1275,1342,974,998]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[488,561,1388,1408]" captionTargetBox="[508,1459,611,1365]" captionTargetId="figure-166@5.[488,1459,588,1365]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Dentary of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratype, male, 21.0 mm SL, outer view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960769" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960769/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E63FC59FAA4FC05" box="[1367,1388,975,998]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. teeth uni- or if tricuspid with median cusp distinctly larger; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5F0AFC62FB91FBE8" box="[1086,1113,1012,1035]" italics="true" pageId="3">e.g</emphasis>
., Agudelo-Zamora 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E03FC62FAAAFBE8" box="[1335,1378,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="3">et al</emphasis>
., 2020, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3670FF9F5ADCFB8EFDE3FBD2" box="[488,555,1048,1073]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1201,1221]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,180,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-63@7.[136,1459,180,1178]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Pseudotympanum of Characidium fleurdelis UFBA 9234, paratype, 20.6 mm SL, right side in lateral view. Overlying skin and adipose tissue removed. ls, lateralis superficialis; oi, obliquus inferioris; os, obliquus superioris. Asterisk indicates the rib of fifth vertebrae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960773/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
; Melo 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F594DFB8FFD6DFBD3" box="[633,677,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="3">et al</emphasis>
., 2021; 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3670FF9F59CBFB8EFCB0FBD2" box="[767,888,1048,1073]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Figs. 3A,B</figureCitation>
). The new species differs from the aforementioned congeners by the presence of a dark (occasionally interrupted) narrow midlateral stripe on the body (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F59B0FBF2FD51FB98" box="[644,665,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. absence of dark midlateral stripe), the presence of a black midventral dashed line extending from area between contralateral pectoral fins to at least the anal-fin origin (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3670FF9F5953FB38FD74FB25" box="[615,700,1198,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F59E3FB39FD24FB25" box="[727,748,1199,1222]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. absence of interrupted black line throughout ventral midline of body in 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F595DFB42FD11FB08" authorityName="Taphorn, Montana &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2006" box="[617,729,1235,1259]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longum">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F595DFB42FD11FB08" box="[617,729,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. longum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5820FB42FC58FB08" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1909" box="[788,912,1235,1259]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pteroides">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5820FB42FC58FB08" box="[788,912,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. pteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and midventral black line restricted to the area posterior to pelvic fins in 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F582AFB6FFC7DFAF3" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1909" box="[798,949,1272,1296]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pellucidum">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F582AFB6FFC7DFAF3" box="[798,949,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. pellucidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the presence of sexual dichromatism, with females having narrow dark bars on laterals of body and males without it (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3670FF9F5E49FA88FE3EFAB8" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3670FF9F5930FAD5FDDAFAB8" box="[516,530,1347,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="3">5</figureCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F591FFAD2FD88FAB8" box="[555,576,1348,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. sexual dichromatism absent). 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F58AFFAD5FB41FAB8" authorityName="Zanata &amp; Oliveira-Silva &amp; Ohara" authorityYear="2023" box="[923,1161,1347,1371]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F58AFFAD5FB41FAB8" box="[923,1161,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from the three aforementioned species and remaining congeners, except 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5FB6FAFFFA67FA62" authority="Almeida, 1971" authorityName="Almeida" authorityYear="1971" box="[1154,1455,1384,1409]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiense">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5FB6FAFFFB34FA63" box="[1154,1276,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. bahiense</emphasis>
Almeida, 1971
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5ADCFA18FB33FA45" authority="Zanata, Ribeiro, Araujo-Porto, Pessali &amp; Oliveira-Silva, 2020" authorityName="Zanata, Ribeiro, Araujo-Porto, Pessali &amp; Oliveira-Silva" authorityYear="2020" box="[488,1275,1422,1446]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacah">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5ADCFA18FDF7FA45" box="[488,575,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. cacah</emphasis>
Zanata, Ribeiro, Araújo-Porto, Pessali &amp; Oliveira-Silva, 2020
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5E3CFA18FCCAFA28" authority="Graca, Ota &amp; Domingues, 2019" authorityName="Graca, Ota &amp; Domingues" authorityYear="2019" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chicoi">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E3CFA18FAAAFA45" box="[1288,1378,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. chicoi</emphasis>
Graça, Ota &amp; Domingues, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F583AFA22FBA8FA28" authority="Pellegrin, 1909" authorityName="Pellegrin" authorityYear="1909" box="[782,1120,1459,1483]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interruptum">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F583AFA22FC62FA28" box="[782,938,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. interruptum</emphasis>
Pellegrin, 1909
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5F58FA22FA66FA28" authority="(Boulenger, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1132,1454,1459,1483]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5F58FA22FB1FFA28" box="[1132,1239,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. laterale</emphasis>
(Boulenger, 1895)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5ADCFA4FFBC5FA12" authority="Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli Buckup, 2013" authorityName="Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli Buckup" authorityYear="2013" box="[488,1037,1496,1521]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5ADCFA4FFD8FFA13" box="[488,583,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. mirim</emphasis>
Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli Buckup, 2013
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5F2CFA4FFDE9F9F5" authority="Mendonca &amp; Netto-Ferreira, 2015" authorityName="Mendonca &amp; Netto-Ferreira" authorityYear="2015" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5F2CFA4FFBA0FA13" box="[1048,1128,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. nana</emphasis>
Mendonça &amp; Netto-Ferreira, 2015
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F591FFA68FBC5F9F5" authority="Graca, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup, 2008" authorityName="Graca, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2008" box="[555,1037,1534,1558]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F591FFA68FD5EF9F5" box="[555,662,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. nupelia</emphasis>
Graça, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup, 2008
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5F23FA68FAD2F9F5" authority="Regan, 1913" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1913" box="[1047,1306,1534,1558]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachovii">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5F23FA68FB4EF9F5" box="[1047,1158,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. rachovii</emphasis>
Regan, 1913
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5E11FA68FD27F9D8" authority="Melo &amp; Buckup, 2002" authorityName="Melo &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2002" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E11FA68FA7BF9F5" box="[1317,1459,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. stigmosum</emphasis>
Melo &amp; Buckup, 2002
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5806F9B2FAD0F9D8" authority="Graca, Pavanelli Buckup, 2008" authorityName="Graca, Pavanelli Buckup" authorityYear="2008" box="[818,1304,1571,1595]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5806F9B2FC6EF9D8" box="[818,934,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. xavante</emphasis>
Graça, Pavanelli Buckup, 2008
</taxonomicName>
, by having a short lateral line with 6–8 perforated scales (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F58FBF9DFFC2CF983" box="[975,996,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. lateral line with more than 14 perforated scales). The new species can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5F17F9F8FBB1F965" authorityName="Zanata, Ribeiro, Araujo-Porto, Pessali &amp; Oliveira-Silva" authorityYear="2020" box="[1059,1145,1646,1670]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacah">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5F17F9F8FBB1F965" box="[1059,1145,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. cacah</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5FB3F9F8FB28F965" authorityName="Graca, Ota &amp; Domingues" authorityYear="2019" box="[1159,1248,1646,1670]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chicoi">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5FB3F9F8FB28F965" box="[1159,1248,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. chicoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5FD9F9F8FA85F965" authorityName="Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli Buckup" authorityYear="2013" box="[1261,1357,1646,1670]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5FD9F9F8FA85F965" box="[1261,1357,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. mirim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5E6EF9F8FA64F965" authorityName="Mendonca &amp; Netto-Ferreira" authorityYear="2015" box="[1370,1452,1646,1670]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E6EF9F8FA64F965" box="[1370,1452,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5ADCF902FD9FF948" authorityName="Graca, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2008" box="[488,599,1683,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5ADCF902FD9FF948" box="[488,599,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. nupelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5953F902FD31F948" authorityName="Melo &amp; Buckup" authorityYear="2002" box="[615,761,1684,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5953F902FD31F948" box="[615,761,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. stigmosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F580AF902FC79F948" authorityName="Graca, Pavanelli Buckup" authorityYear="2008" box="[830,945,1684,1707]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F580AF902FC79F948" box="[830,945,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of adipose fin (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E1CF902FAF5F948" box="[1320,1341,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. absence), from 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F591DF92FFD69F933" authorityName="Almeida" authorityYear="1971" box="[553,673,1720,1744]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiense">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F591DF92FFD69F933" box="[553,673,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. bahiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F59EAF92FFC83F933" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[734,843,1720,1744]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F59EAF92FFC83F933" box="[734,843,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. laterale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having two dentary teeth rows (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5FC6F92FFACFF933" box="[1266,1287,1721,1744]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. one), from 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F5EAEF92FFDF0F915" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1913" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachovii">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5EAEF92FFDF0F915" italics="true" pageId="3">C. rachovii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of roundish black marks on the pelvic, dorsal, and anal fins (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5EA3F949FA64F915" box="[1431,1452,1759,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. presence) and from 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93670FF9F59F0F892FC97F8F8" authorityName="Pellegrin" authorityYear="1909" box="[708,863,1796,1819]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interruptum">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F59F0F892FC97F8F8" box="[708,863,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3">C. interruptum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having 12 circumpeduncular scales (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E28F892FAF9F8F8" box="[1308,1329,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. 14). Other features useful to diagnose the new species from most congeners includes: first pleural rib with a rounded process posteriorly directed near the vertebra (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3670FF9F5FF8F8D8FAE9F885" box="[1228,1313,1870,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683670FF9F5E0EF8D9FA87F885" box="[1338,1359,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="3">vs</emphasis>
. absence of such a process or, if present, triangular or L shaped); neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra not reaching origins of dorsal and ventral procurrent rays, respectively, nor the origin of the caudal-fin rays (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3676FF995F20FE9EFBAEFEC2" box="[1044,1126,264,289]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683676FF995F4AFE9FFB5BFEC3" box="[1150,1171,265,288]" italics="true" pageId="5">vs</emphasis>
. neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra reaching origins of procurrent rays or the origin of the caudal-fin rays); and three to four haemal spines of caudal vertebrae anterior to the anal fin flattened and distinctly elongate (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3676FF9958B6FEEEFBCDFE72" box="[898,1029,376,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Figs. 3C, D</figureCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="83EAC6683676FF995F29FEEFFBFAFE73" box="[1053,1074,377,400]" italics="true" pageId="5">vs</emphasis>
. haemal spines anterior to the first anal-fin proximal radial with tapered tip, comparatively shorter than the neural spine of the same vertebra and similar in length or rarely longer than the haemal spines situated above the anal fin). See “Discussion” for additional comments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E5E14AF23677FF985ADCF9B0FD01F933" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="4" startId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" targetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3677FF985ADCF9B0FD01F933" blockId="4.[488,1459,1574,1744]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683677FF985ADCF9B0FCD6F9D8" bold="true" box="[488,798,1574,1595]" pageId="4">
FIGURE 1 | 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93677FF98596EF9B1FCD6F9D8" authorityName="Zanata &amp; Oliveira-Silva &amp; Ohara" authorityYear="2023" box="[602,798,1575,1595]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683677FF98596EF9B1FCD6F9D8" bold="true" box="[602,798,1575,1595]" italics="true" pageId="4">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683677FF98581DF9B1FC88F9D9" bold="true" box="[809,832,1575,1594]" pageId="4">A.</emphasis>
Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683677FF98592AF9DAFDFBF9BC" bold="true" box="[542,563,1612,1631]" pageId="4">B.</emphasis>
Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683677FF985E30F9DAFAD0F9BC" bold="true" box="[1284,1304,1612,1631]" pageId="4">C.</emphasis>
Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683677FF98585FF9E4FC4BF966" bold="true" box="[875,899,1650,1669]" pageId="4">D.</emphasis>
Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683677FF985EAAF9E4FA7BF966" bold="true" box="[1438,1459,1650,1669]" pageId="4">E.</emphasis>
Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E5E14AF23676FF995ADCFAFAFABCFA63" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960769" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10960769" box="[488,1396,1388,1408]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960769/files/figure.png" pageId="5" startId="5.[488,561,1388,1408]" targetBox="[508,1459,611,1365]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3676FF995ADCFAFAFABCFA63" blockId="5.[488,1396,1388,1408]" box="[488,1396,1388,1408]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683676FF995ADCFAFAFD9BFA63" bold="true" box="[488,595,1388,1408]" pageId="5">FIGURE 2 |</emphasis>
Dentary of 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93676FF9959F5FAFAFC0FFA63" authority=", UFBA" authorityName="UFBA" box="[705,967,1388,1408]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683676FF9959F5FAFAFC4DFA63" bold="true" box="[705,901,1388,1408]" italics="true" pageId="5">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
, UFBA
</taxonomicName>
9234, paratype, male, 21.0 mm SL, outer view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E5E14AF23675FF9A5ADCFA07FD19F933" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="6" startId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" targetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3675FF9A5ADCFA07FD19F933" blockId="6.[488,1459,1425,1744]" pageId="6">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683675FF9A5ADCFA07FD95FA46" bold="true" box="[488,605,1425,1445]" pageId="6">FIGURE 3 |</emphasis>
Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93675FF9A5FD2FA07FDD7FA28" authority=", UFBA" authorityName="UFBA" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683675FF9A5FD2FA07FA65FA46" bold="true" box="[1254,1453,1425,1445]" italics="true" pageId="6">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
, UFBA
</taxonomicName>
9234, paratypes: 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683675FF9A59FEFA21FD29FA29" bold="true" box="[714,737,1463,1482]" pageId="6">A.</emphasis>
Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683675FF9A5F20FA4AFBE2FA0C" bold="true" box="[1044,1066,1500,1519]" pageId="6">B.</emphasis>
Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683675FF9A58A4F9B1FC6CF9D9" bold="true" box="[912,932,1575,1594]" pageId="6">C.</emphasis>
Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683675FF9A5852F9E4FCB5F966" bold="true" box="[870,893,1650,1669]" pageId="6">D.</emphasis>
Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E5E14AF23674FF9B5BBCFB27FAE8FB08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10960773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960773/files/figure.png" pageId="7" startId="7.[136,209,1201,1221]" targetBox="[136,1459,180,1178]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3674FF9B5BBCFB27FAE8FB08" blockId="7.[136,1459,1201,1259]" pageId="7">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683674FF9B5BBCFB27FF39FB26" bold="true" box="[136,241,1201,1221]" pageId="7">FIGURE 4 |</emphasis>
Pseudotympanum of 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93674FF9B5A88FB27FD73FB26" authority="UFBA" authorityName="UFBA" box="[444,699,1201,1221]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683674FF9B5A88FB27FDB7FB26" bold="true" box="[444,639,1201,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
UFBA
</taxonomicName>
9234, paratype, 20.6 mm SL, right side in lateral view. Overlying skin and adipose tissue removed. ls, 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683674FF9B5A0FFB41FE25FB08" bold="true" box="[315,493,1239,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7">lateralis superficialis</emphasis>
; oi, 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683674FF9B5927FB41FD67FB08" bold="true" box="[531,687,1239,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7">obliquus inferioris</emphasis>
; os, 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683674FF9B59EDFB41FCB3FB08" bold="true" box="[729,891,1239,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7">obliquus superioris</emphasis>
. Asterisk indicates the rib of fifth vertebrae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F98449F13674FF905932FAD5FD1FFDC5" lastPageId="12" pageId="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3674FF9B5932FAD5FBBEF915" blockId="7.[488,1460,1347,1894]" pageId="7">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683674FF9B5932FAD5FD54FAB8" bold="true" box="[518,668,1347,1371]" pageId="7">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data of 
<typeStatus id="6E25A4D83674FF9B5888FAD5FBD7FAB8" box="[956,1055,1347,1371]" pageId="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and 
<typeStatus id="6E25A4D83674FF9B5F57FAD2FB04FABF" box="[1123,1228,1348,1372]" pageId="7" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in 
<tableCitation id="FC1C2FC13674FF9B5FC9FAD5FA86FAB8" box="[1277,1358,1347,1371]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="9.[488,550,193,213]" captionTargetId="graphics-45@9.[488,1459,432,1249]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of holotype and paratypes of Characidium fleurdelis (n = 30), range includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E5E14AF2367AFF955ADCFF57FC87FF18" pageId="7" tableUuid="E5E14AF2367AFF955ADCFF57FC87FF18">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
. Largest specimen reaching 
<quantity id="7666B79F3674FF9B598AFAFFFCE9FA63" box="[702,801,1385,1409]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="24.4">24.4 mm</quantity>
SL. Body elongate. Highest body depth at vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Anterior portion of head convex in lateral view; dorsal profile convex from snout to posterior tip of supraoccipital, straight or slightly convex from supraoccipital to origin of dorsal-fin base, convex along dorsal-fin base, slightly concave or straight from that point to origin of anteriormost dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays. Ventral profile of body nearly straight or slightly convex from dentary symphysis to isthmus, straight or slightly concave from that point to pelvic-fin origin in males, nonreproductive females, and immature specimens (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3674FF9B5F36F9F8FB8AF965" box="[1026,1090,1646,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), convex in mature females (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3674FF9B5EB2F9F8FE3FF948" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Profile straight or concave from pelvic-fin insertion to anal-fin origin, straight or slightly concave along anal-fin base, and straight or slightly concave from end of anal-fin base to anterior most ventral procurrent caudal-fin ray.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3674FF945932F895FDBEFE73" blockId="7.[488,1460,1347,1894]" lastBlockId="8.[488,1460,190,1894]" lastPageId="8" pageId="7">Snout triangular-shaped in lateral view. Mouth subterminal, aligned or slightly superior than ventral margin of orbit. Distal tip of maxilla barely reaching anterior margin of orbit. Orbit approximately round, distinctly larger than snout length. Cheek narrow, its depth approximately one fifth of orbit diameter. Nares separated, without distinctly raised margins; posterior naris distinctly closer to orbit than anterior naris. Supraorbital broad, roughly triangular-shaped, outer border somewhat concave and inner border with angle. Nasal bones restricted to ossified canal. Parietal fontanel limited anteriorly by frontals and laterally by parietals. Parietal branch of supraorbital canal absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A367BFF945932FE08FD23FD03" blockId="8.[488,1460,190,1894]" pageId="8">
Dentary teeth in two rows; outer row with 7(1), 8(1), 9(1), or 10(2) teeth; majority of teeth tricuspid, pointed cusps well developed and similar in size (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF367BFF945E10FE55FAA6FE38" box="[1316,1390,451,475]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[488,561,1388,1408]" captionTargetBox="[508,1459,611,1365]" captionTargetId="figure-166@5.[488,1459,588,1365]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 | Dentary of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratype, male, 21.0 mm SL, outer view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960769" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960769/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), and posteriormost teeth smallest and conical; inner row with several small conical teeth inserted on edge of replacement tooth trench. Premaxilla with single row of 8(3) or 9(2) teeth tricuspid with cusps well developed and similar in size; teeth decreasing in size from symphysis, posteriormost tooth unicuspid in one c&amp;s specimen. Maxillary edentulous. Ectopterygoid with one row of 7(2) or 8(3) teeth, minute and conical. Endopterygoid teeth absent. Branchiostegal rays 4(5), 3 connected to anterior ceratohyal, 1 connected to posterior ceratohyal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A367BFF945932FD78FC46FAF3" blockId="8.[488,1460,190,1894]" pageId="8">
Scales cycloid; 
<emphasis id="83EAC668367BFF945999FD78FD23FCE5" box="[685,747,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="8">circuli</emphasis>
on exposed portion of scales absent; up to seven divergent 
<emphasis id="83EAC668367BFF945EB0FD78FA7BFCE5" box="[1412,1459,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="8">radii</emphasis>
present on exposed portion of scales. Lateral line reduced, with 6(17), 7*(12), or 8(1) perforated scales; total scales along lateral line series 32(1), 33*(12), 34(12), or 35(2); horizontal scale rows 8*(11) or 9(19). Scales along middorsal line between supraoccipital and origin of dorsal fin 8(16) or 9*(14). Scale rows around caudal peduncle 12*(30). Three (4), 4*(22), or 5(4) scales between anus aperture and anal-fin insertion. Isthmus and belly completely covered with scales. Pseudotympanum present, limited dorsally by 
<emphasis id="83EAC668367BFF94593BFC65FD2CFBE8" box="[527,740,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8">lateralis superficialis</emphasis>
, anteriorly and posteriorly by 
<emphasis id="83EAC668367BFF945F7AFC65FAC3FBE8" box="[1102,1291,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8">obliquus inferioris</emphasis>
, and ventrally by 
<emphasis id="83EAC668367BFF945938FB8EFD07FBD3" box="[524,719,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="8">obliquus superioris</emphasis>
. Humeral hiatus divided into anterior and posterior chambers by pleural rib of fifth vertebra (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF367BFF945812FBA8FCA3FBB5" box="[806,875,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,209,1201,1221]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,180,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-63@7.[136,1459,180,1178]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4 | Pseudotympanum of Characidium fleurdelis UFBA 9234, paratype, 20.6 mm SL, right side in lateral view. Overlying skin and adipose tissue removed. ls, lateralis superficialis; oi, obliquus inferioris; os, obliquus superioris. Asterisk indicates the rib of fifth vertebrae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960773/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Swimbladder with two well-developed chambers, both with anterior and posterior extremities rounded, without pointed tip in the second chamber. Total length of swimbladder 20.1–24.8% of SL in 
<specimenCount id="A798D1F3367BFF945F49FB1EFAEBFB43" box="[1149,1315,1160,1184]" count="4" pageId="8" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
of 
<quantity id="7666B79F367BFF945E71FB1EFDDDFB26" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" metricValueMax="2.29" metricValueMin="2.05" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="21.7" valueMax="22.9" valueMin="20.5">20.5–22.9 mm</quantity>
SL; anterior chamber of females 41.7–50.0% and posterior chamber 50.0%–58.3% of swimbladder length; anterior chamber of males 46.1–46.6% and posterior chamber 53.8%–57.1% of swimbladder length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A367BFF965932FA88FA54FE38" blockId="8.[488,1460,190,1894]" lastBlockId="10.[488,1459,190,475]" lastPageId="10" pageId="8">
Fins broad with fragile rays. Dorsal-fin rays ii,9*(30); distal margin of fin nearly straight or somewhat concave. Adipose fin well-developed, somewhat aligned vertically with end of anal-fin base. Pectoral fin with 7–10 total rays; iii,3,i(1), iii,4,i(1), iii,5,i*(17), iii,6(5), or iii,6,i(6); last unbranched and first branched fin rays longest, first branched ray distinctly elongate, posterior tip of fin usually reaching beyond pelvic-fin origin. Postcleithrum 1 absent. Pelvic-fin rays i,6,ii(4) or i,7,i*(26); second branched fin ray elongated, posterior tip of fin reaching anal-fin ray origin (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF367BFF945FACFA68FB2EF9F5" box="[1176,1254,1534,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF367BFF945FC2FA68FACDF9F5" box="[1270,1285,1534,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="8">5</figureCitation>
). Anal-fin rays ii,6,i*(18) or ii,7(12) visible in alcohol (2 of the c&amp;s specimens with com iii rays); posterior margin of fin straight or slightly concave, without distinctly elongate rays. First anal-fin radial inserts behind 21 
<superScript id="46EBB732367BFF9459D9F9FBFD3FF998" attach="none" box="[749,759,1645,1659]" fontSize="6" pageId="8">st</superScript>
(2) or 22 
<superScript id="46EBB732367BFF94586EF9FAFCAFF999" attach="right" box="[858,871,1644,1658]" fontSize="6" pageId="8">th</superScript>
(3) vertebra, behind the fourth (1) or fifth (4) caudal vertebra; fin elements on last pterygiophore 1(5). Anal-fin proximal radials of males with distinctly developed plate-like bony expansions anteriorly and posteriorly directed (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF367BFF945EB2F92EFDDAF915" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 3 C</figureCitation>
), meeting each other at midline between adjacent radials; radials of females without distinctly developed bony expansions (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF367BFF94589CF895FBD8F8F8" box="[936,1040,1795,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 3 D</figureCitation>
). Caudal-fin rays i,9,8,i*(30). Dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays 6(5); ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays 5(4) or 6(1). Total vertebrae 33(5); precaudal vertebrae 16(3) or 17(2); caudal vertebrae 16(1) or 17(4). First pleural rib with two distinctly developed processes (5), one dorsally positioned, close to vertebra, posteriorly directed and with rounded posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965E30FF75FA96FF18" box="[1284,1374,227,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
), and a second process more ventrally positioned, approximately at midlenght of rib, thumblike or somewhat triangular-shaped, directed towards swimbladder (see Buckup 1993b, fig. 11). Haemal spines of first three or four caudal vertebrae distinctly elongate almost reaching ventralmost portion of body (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965885FEEEFB88FE73" box="[945,1088,376,401]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Fig. 3 C, D</figureCitation>
; distal portion of haemal spines flattened laterally with rounded tip in males (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF9658EEFE08FBFDFE55" box="[986,1077,414,438]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Fig. 3 C</figureCitation>
) and pointed in females (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965E79FE08FA6EFE55" box="[1357,1446,414,438]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
). Supraneural bones 2(1), 3(1), or 4(3). Epural bones 2(4) or 3(1). Uroneural bone 1(5).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E5E14AF2367AFF955ADCFF57FC87FF18" ID-Table-UUID="E5E14AF2367AFF955ADCFF57FC87FF18" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E5E14AF2367AFF955ADCFF57FC87FF18" pageId="9" startId="9.[488,550,193,213]" targetBox="[503,1391,306,1556]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A367AFF955ADCFF57FC87FF18" blockId="9.[488,1459,193,251]" pageId="9">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367AFF955ADCFF57FD8EFF36" bold="true" box="[488,582,193,213]" pageId="9">TABLE 1 |</emphasis>
Morphometric data of holotype and paratypes of 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367AFF955F20FF57FB1FFF36" box="[1044,1239,193,213]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367AFF955F20FF57FB1FFF36" bold="true" box="[1044,1239,193,213]" italics="true" pageId="9">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(n = 30), range includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A367AFF955865FEA5FAA7F9F0" pageId="9">
<table id="C39EE8DA367A00635AC3FEA4FAA7F9F7" box="[503,1391,306,1556]" gridcols="5" gridrows="28" pageId="9">
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FEA4FAA7FEA7" box="[503,1391,306,324]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635865FEA4FC6FFEA7" box="[849,935,306,324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367AFF955865FEA5FC6FFEA0" bold="true" box="[849,935,307,323]" pageId="9">Holotype</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FEA4FB80FEA7" box="[1013,1096,306,324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367AFF955F35FEA5FBF3FEA0" bold="true" box="[1025,1083,307,323]" pageId="9">Range</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FEA4FB12FEA7" box="[1190,1242,306,324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367AFF955F92FEA5FB12FEA0" bold="true" box="[1190,1242,307,323]" pageId="9">Mean</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FEA4FAA7FEA7" box="[1365,1391,306,324]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="9">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367AFF955E61FEA4FAA6FEA7" bold="true" box="[1365,1390,306,324]" pageId="9">SD</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FEF1FAA7FE9A" box="[503,1391,359,377]" gridrow="1" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FEF1FD2FFE9A" box="[503,743,359,377]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9">Total length (mm)</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FEF1FC6FFE9A" box="[849,935,359,377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9">28.2</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FEF1FB80FE9A" box="[1013,1096,359,377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9">25.7–30.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FEF1FB12FE9A" box="[1190,1242,359,377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9">–</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FEF1FAA7FE9A" box="[1365,1391,359,377]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="9">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FE02FAA7FE45" box="[503,1391,404,422]" gridrow="2" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FE02FD2FFE45" box="[503,743,404,422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FE02FC6FFE45" box="[849,935,404,422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9">21.6</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FE02FB80FE45" box="[1013,1096,404,422]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9">19.8–24.1</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FE02FB12FE45" box="[1190,1242,404,422]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9">–</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FE02FAA7FE45" box="[1365,1391,404,422]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="9">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FE54FAA7FE37" box="[503,1391,450,468]" gridrow="3" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FE54FAA7FE37" box="[503,1391,450,468]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367AFF955AC3FE54FD34FE31" bold="true" box="[503,764,450,468]" pageId="9">Percents of standard length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FE79FAA7FDE2" box="[503,1391,495,513]" gridrow="4" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FE79FD2FFDE2" box="[503,743,495,513]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9">Depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FE79FC6FFDE2" box="[849,935,495,513]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9">23.6</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FE79FB80FDE2" box="[1013,1096,495,513]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9">21.1–26.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FE79FB12FDE2" box="[1190,1242,495,513]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9">23.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FE79FAA7FDE2" box="[1365,1391,495,513]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="9">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FD8AFAA7FDCD" box="[503,1391,540,558]" gridrow="5" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FD8AFD2FFDCD" box="[503,743,540,558]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9">Depth at anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FD8AFC6FFDCD" box="[849,935,540,558]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9">13.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FD8AFB80FDCD" box="[1013,1096,540,558]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9">13.3–16.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FD8AFB12FDCD" box="[1190,1242,540,558]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9">15.1</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FD8AFAA7FDCD" box="[1365,1391,540,558]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FDDCFAA7FDBF" box="[503,1391,586,604]" gridrow="6" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FDDCFD2FFDBF" box="[503,743,586,604]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9">Caudal-peduncle depth</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FDDCFC6FFDBF" box="[849,935,586,604]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9">9.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FDDCFB80FDBF" box="[1013,1096,586,604]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9">9.0–12.6</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FDDCFB12FDBF" box="[1190,1242,586,604]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9">10.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FDDCFAA7FDBF" box="[1365,1391,586,604]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FDE1FAA7FD6A" box="[503,1391,631,649]" gridrow="7" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FDE1FD2FFD6A" box="[503,743,631,649]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9">Caudal-peduncle length</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FDE1FC6FFD6A" box="[849,935,631,649]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9">17.6</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FDE1FB80FD6A" box="[1013,1096,631,649]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9">16.4–19.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FDE1FB12FD6A" box="[1190,1242,631,649]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9">18.0</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FDE1FAA7FD6A" box="[1365,1391,631,649]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="9">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FD32FAA7FD55" box="[503,1391,676,694]" gridrow="8" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FD32FD2FFD55" box="[503,743,676,694]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9">Pectoral-fin length</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FD32FC6FFD55" box="[849,935,676,694]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9">25.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FD32FB80FD55" box="[1013,1096,676,694]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9">23.1–27.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FD32FB12FD55" box="[1190,1242,676,694]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9">24.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FD32FAA7FD55" box="[1365,1391,676,694]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FD44FAA7FD07" box="[503,1391,722,740]" gridrow="9" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FD44FD2FFD07" box="[503,743,722,740]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9">Pelvic-fin length</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FD44FC6FFD07" box="[849,935,722,740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9">26.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FD44FB80FD07" box="[1013,1096,722,740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9">23.2–28.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FD44FB12FD07" box="[1190,1242,722,740]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9">26.1</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FD44FAA7FD07" box="[1365,1391,722,740]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="9">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FD69FAA7FCF2" box="[503,1391,767,785]" gridrow="10" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FD69FD2FFCF2" box="[503,743,767,785]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9">Dorsal-fin adpressed</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FD69FC6FFCF2" box="[849,935,767,785]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9">25.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FD69FB80FCF2" box="[1013,1096,767,785]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9">24.5–30.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FD69FB12FCF2" box="[1190,1242,767,785]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="9">27.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FD69FAA7FCF2" box="[1365,1391,767,785]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="9">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FCBAFAA7FCDD" box="[503,1391,812,830]" gridrow="11" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FCBAFD2FFCDD" box="[503,743,812,830]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9">Dorsal to adipose fin</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FCBAFC6FFCDD" box="[849,935,812,830]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9">10.2</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FCBAFB80FCDD" box="[1013,1096,812,830]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9">7.7–12.0</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FCBAFB12FCDD" box="[1190,1242,812,830]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9">9.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FCBAFAA7FCDD" box="[1365,1391,812,830]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="9">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FCCCFAA7FC8F" box="[503,1391,858,876]" gridrow="12" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FCCCFD2FFC8F" box="[503,743,858,876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="9">Snout to dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FCCCFC6FFC8F" box="[849,935,858,876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9">44.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FCCCFB80FC8F" box="[1013,1096,858,876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9">41.1-45.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FCCCFB12FC8F" box="[1190,1242,858,876]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="9">44.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FCCCFAA7FC8F" box="[1365,1391,858,876]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FC11FAA7FC7A" box="[503,1391,903,921]" gridrow="13" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FC11FD2FFC7A" box="[503,743,903,921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9">Snout to pectoral-fin origin</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FC11FC6FFC7A" box="[849,935,903,921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="9">27.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FC11FB80FC7A" box="[1013,1096,903,921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="9">25.3–29.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FC11FB12FC7A" box="[1190,1242,903,921]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="9">27.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FC11FAA7FC7A" box="[1365,1391,903,921]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="9">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FC22FAA7FC25" box="[503,1391,948,966]" gridrow="14" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FC22FD2FFC25" box="[503,743,948,966]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="9">Snout to pelvic-fin origin</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FC22FC6FFC25" box="[849,935,948,966]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="9">51.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FC22FB80FC25" box="[1013,1096,948,966]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="9">49.5–54.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FC22FB12FC25" box="[1190,1242,948,966]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="9">51.7</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FC22FAA7FC25" box="[1365,1391,948,966]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FC74FAA7FC17" box="[503,1391,994,1012]" gridrow="15" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FC74FD2FFC17" box="[503,743,994,1012]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="9">Snout to anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FC74FC6FFC17" box="[849,935,994,1012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="9">77.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FC74FB80FC17" box="[1013,1096,994,1012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="9">73.7–77.6</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FC74FB12FC17" box="[1190,1242,994,1012]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="9">75.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FC74FAA7FC17" box="[1365,1391,994,1012]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="9">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FB99FAA7FBC2" box="[503,1391,1039,1057]" gridrow="16" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FB99FD2FFBC2" box="[503,743,1039,1057]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="9">Anal-apex distance</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FB99FC6FFBC2" box="[849,935,1039,1057]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="9">95.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FB99FB80FBC2" box="[1013,1096,1039,1057]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="9">89.4–95.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FB99FB12FBC2" box="[1190,1242,1039,1057]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="9">93.7</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FB99FAA7FBC2" box="[1365,1391,1039,1057]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="9">1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FBAAFAA7FBAD" box="[503,1391,1084,1102]" gridrow="17" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FBAAFD2FFBAD" box="[503,743,1084,1102]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="9">Anus to anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FBAAFC6FFBAD" box="[849,935,1084,1102]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="9">11.1</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FBAAFB80FBAD" box="[1013,1096,1084,1102]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="9">9.6–13.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FBAAFB12FBAD" box="[1190,1242,1084,1102]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="9">11.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FBAAFAA7FBAD" box="[1365,1391,1084,1102]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FBFCFAA7FB9F" box="[503,1391,1130,1148]" gridrow="18" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FBFCFD2FFB9F" box="[503,743,1130,1148]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="9">Body width</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FBFCFC6FFB9F" box="[849,935,1130,1148]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="9">10.6</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FBFCFB80FB9F" box="[1013,1096,1130,1148]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="9">10.3–15.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FBFCFB12FB9F" box="[1190,1242,1130,1148]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="9">12.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FBFCFAA7FB9F" box="[1365,1391,1130,1148]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="9">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FB01FAA7FB4A" box="[503,1391,1175,1193]" gridrow="19" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FB01FD2FFB4A" box="[503,743,1175,1193]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="9">Head length</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FB01FC6FFB4A" box="[849,935,1175,1193]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="9">27.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FB01FB80FB4A" box="[1013,1096,1175,1193]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="9">25.1–29.9</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FB01FB12FB4A" box="[1190,1242,1175,1193]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="9">27.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FB01FAA7FB4A" box="[1365,1391,1175,1193]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FB52FAA7FB35" box="[503,1391,1220,1238]" gridrow="20" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FB52FAA7FB35" box="[503,1391,1220,1238]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="9">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367AFF955AC3FB53FD1DFB36" bold="true" box="[503,725,1220,1238]" pageId="9">Percents of head length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FB64FAA7FAE7" box="[503,1391,1266,1284]" gridrow="21" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FB64FD2FFAE7" box="[503,743,1266,1284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="9">Horizontal eye diameter</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FB64FC6FFAE7" box="[849,935,1266,1284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="9">28.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FB64FB80FAE7" box="[1013,1096,1266,1284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="9">27.6–31.1</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FB64FB12FAE7" box="[1190,1242,1266,1284]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="9">29.4</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FB64FAA7FAE7" box="[1365,1391,1266,1284]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="9">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FA89FAA7FAD2" box="[503,1391,1311,1329]" gridrow="22" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FA89FD2FFAD2" box="[503,743,1311,1329]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="9">Snout length</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FA89FC6FFAD2" box="[849,935,1311,1329]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="9">18.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FA89FB80FAD2" box="[1013,1096,1311,1329]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="9">18.2–21.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FA89FB12FAD2" box="[1190,1242,1311,1329]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="9">19.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FA89FAA7FAD2" box="[1365,1391,1311,1329]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="9">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FADAFAA7FABD" box="[503,1391,1356,1374]" gridrow="23" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FADAFD2FFABD" box="[503,743,1356,1374]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="9">Snout to maxillary tip</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FADAFC6FFABD" box="[849,935,1356,1374]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="9">21.7</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FADAFB80FABD" box="[1013,1096,1356,1374]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="9">20.0–24.1</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FADAFB12FABD" box="[1190,1242,1356,1374]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="9">21.8</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FADAFAA7FABD" box="[1365,1391,1356,1374]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="9">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FAECFAA7FA6F" box="[503,1391,1402,1420]" gridrow="24" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FAECFD2FFA6F" box="[503,743,1402,1420]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="9">Anterior naris to orbit</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FAECFC6FFA6F" box="[849,935,1402,1420]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="9">8.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FAECFB80FA6F" box="[1013,1096,1402,1420]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="9">6.9–10.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FAECFB12FA6F" box="[1190,1242,1402,1420]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="9">9.1</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FAECFAA7FA6F" box="[1365,1391,1402,1420]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="9">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FA31FAA7FA5A" box="[503,1391,1447,1465]" gridrow="25" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FA31FD2FFA5A" box="[503,743,1447,1465]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="9">Posterior naris to orbit</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FA31FC6FFA5A" box="[849,935,1447,1465]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="9">3.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FA31FB80FA5A" box="[1013,1096,1447,1465]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="9">3.2–5.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FA31FB12FA5A" box="[1190,1242,1447,1465]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="9">3.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FA31FAA7FA5A" box="[1365,1391,1447,1465]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="9">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3FA42FAA7FA05" box="[503,1391,1492,1510]" gridrow="26" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3FA42FD2FFA05" box="[503,743,1492,1510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="9">Cheek depth</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865FA42FC6FFA05" box="[849,935,1492,1510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="9">5.0</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1FA42FB80FA05" box="[1013,1096,1492,1510]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="9">4.8–7.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92FA42FB12FA05" box="[1190,1242,1492,1510]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="9">5.7</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61FA42FAA7FA05" box="[1365,1391,1492,1510]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="9">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0FAE1838367A00635AC3F994FAA7F9F7" box="[503,1391,1538,1556]" gridrow="27" pageId="9">
<th id="4C7F7144367A00635AC3F994FD2FF9F7" box="[503,743,1538,1556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="9">Least interorbital width</th>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635865F994FC6FF9F7" box="[849,935,1538,1556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="9">23.3</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A006358C1F994FB80F9F7" box="[1013,1096,1538,1556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="9">22.2–25.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635F92F994FB12F9F7" box="[1190,1242,1538,1556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="9">24.5</td>
<td id="4C7F7144367A00635E61F994FAA7F9F7" box="[1365,1391,1538,1556]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="9">1.0</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3679FF965932FD98FCBAFA13" blockId="10.[488,1460,526,1894]" pageId="10">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683679FF965932FD98FD1AFDC5" bold="true" box="[518,722,526,550]" pageId="10">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Female (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF96580CFD98FC4BFDC5" box="[824,899,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF9658A4FD98FC7CFDC5" box="[912,948,526,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="10">5A</figureCitation>
). Ground color of head and body pale yellow. Dorsal surface of head darker than lateral, with a distinct dark patch of pigmentation, usually forming a heart-shaped large blotch behind eyes; melanophores distributed in smaller inconspicuous blotches between eyes or anterior to it. A dark stripe from anterior margin of snout to anterior margin of eye and a more diffuse posterior to eye, with few and large scattered melanophores, somewhat aligned with stripe of snout and continuous with midlateral stripe of body. Ventral half of head without melanophores, except by a few sparsely distributed in parts of opercle. Ventral surface of head pale, without melanophores. Humeral region without humeral blotch apart from longitudinal stripe. A dark line or narrow stripe extending from rear of opercle to end of caudal peduncle; stripe somewhat homogeneous in form and continuous along its extension or with irregular borders; stripe slightly enlarged at end of caudal peduncle; specimens up to 18.0 mm SL with stripe usually interrupted or dashed, separated by less pigmented or unpigmented short stretches. Laterals of body with 7(1), 8(1), 10 (5), 11(5), 12(2), 13(3), 14(3), 15*(3), 16(1), 19(1) narrow and vertically elongated dark bars (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965AC4FBA8FDF4FBB5" box="[496,572,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF96597EFBA8FD91FBB5" box="[586,601,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="10">5</figureCitation>
); some main bars with shorter bars between them (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965F94FBA8FB3CFBB5" box="[1184,1268,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965E36FBA8FAD9FBB5" box="[1282,1297,1086,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="10">5</figureCitation>
); position and form of bars also variable, reaching ventral half of body in some specimens (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965E79FBF5FE33FB43" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Figs. 1A, E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965933FB1EFDEFFB43" box="[519,551,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="10">5B</figureCitation>
) or centered along midlateral line in others (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965F16FB1EFBB0FB42" box="[1058,1144,1160,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
); some specimens with area of bars close to dorsum roughly connected with each other resulting in a somewhat continuous dark area (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF9659EBFB45FCFBFB08" box="[735,819,1235,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
). Dorsum with up to 11 blotches, continuous or not with lateral bars; Basicaudal spot well marked. Ventral surface of body pale yellow with few, small and scattered chromatophores, except by a black dashed midventral line extending from area between pectoral fins to caudal peduncle (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965F75FAD5FB50FAB8" box="[1089,1176,1347,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
). All fin-rays with tinny melanophores along its borders, forming or not inconspicuous dark lines bordering rays. Proximal portion of caudal fin usually with inconspicuous narrow black blotch on its ventral half, resembling a less elongation of the basicaudal spot. Adipose fin hyaline or with tinny sparse melanophores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3679FF965932FA68FD0FF885" blockId="10.[488,1460,526,1894]" pageId="10">
Male (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF965960FA68FD75F9F5" box="[596,701,1534,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Figs. 1D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3679FF9659E4FA68FD3CF9F5" box="[720,756,1534,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="10">5A</figureCitation>
). Overall head, background and fins colorations similar to described above. A very conspicuous dark narrow stripe extending from rear of opercle to end of caudal peduncle; specimens up to 18.0 mm SL with stripe usually interrupted or dashed, separated by less pigmented or unpigmented short stretches. Body conspicuously pigmented with melanophores equally distributed, including on ventral half of body, mainly on area posterior do pelvic fins. Flanks without dark bars, with melanophores concentrated on border of one or two dorsalmost longitudinal series of scales, resulting in an inconspicuous reticulate pattern. Black dashed midventral line conspicuous from area between pectoral fins to anal-fin origin, but absent or less evident on caudal peduncle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3678FF975932FF28FAE7FE88" blockId="11.[488,1459,190,364]" pageId="11">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975932FF28FD2AFF35" bold="true" box="[518,738,190,214]" pageId="11">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
Ground color pale brown in males and pale yellow in females, with silvery belly (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3678FF9759F6FF75FCD3FF18" box="[706,795,227,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). Dark pattern of stripe and bars similar to the condition observed in preserved specimens. Males usually darker than females. Ventral half of head pale and opercle silvery. Pigmentation on fins similar to preserved specimens but with pale brown dorsal-, anal-, and caudal-fin rays; pectoral and pelvic fins pale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3678FF975932FE08FA9EFD02" blockId="11.[488,1459,414,737]" pageId="11">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975932FE08FD3DFE55" bold="true" box="[518,757,414,438]" pageId="11">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Males can be readily distinguished from females by the absence of dark bars or blotches on laterals and dorsum of body, possessing instead a more homogeneously dark coloration on body (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3678FF9758F7FE7EFBC7FDE2" box="[963,1039,488,513]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[488,561,1574,1594]" captionTargetBox="[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[488,1458,180,1552]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 | Characidium fleurdelis: A. Holotype, MZUSP126956, female, 21.6 mm standard length, lateral view; B. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 22.9 mm SL, lateral, dorsal and ventral views; C. Paratype, UFBA 9234, female, 23.8 mm SL, lateral view; D. Paratype, UFBA 9234, male, 20.6 mm SL, lateral view; E. Paratype, UFBA 9233, juvenile, 17.4 mm SL, lateral view. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960767/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3678FF975F2AFE7EFBE5FDE3" box="[1054,1069,488,512]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[136,1459,947,1478]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5 | Characidium fleurdelis, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: A. Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; B. Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="11">5</figureCitation>
). Males and females of 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93678FF975E00FE7FFA7BFDE3" box="[1332,1459,488,512]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975E00FE7FFA7BFDE3" box="[1332,1459,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="11">C. fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possess elongated haemal spines of first caudal vertebrae situated anterior to the anal fin, with the distal portion of the elongated spines distinctly flattened in males (3) and pointed in females (2) (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3678FF9759A0FDCEFCD6FD93" box="[660,798,600,625]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Figs. 3C, D</figureCitation>
; see Discussion). Males of 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93678FF975F60FDCFFB1CFD93" box="[1108,1236,600,624]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975F60FDCFFB1CFD93" box="[1108,1236,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="11">C. fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also have proximal radials of the anal fin with distinctly developed plate-like bony expansions (3), anteriorly and posteriorly directed, meeting each other at midline between adjacent radials (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3678FF975EB3FD35FA7BFD58" box="[1415,1459,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Fig.</figureCitation>
3C; see Discussion). No similar expansion was observed in females (2; 
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3678FF975FC5FD5EFA81FD02" box="[1265,1353,712,737]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[488,561,1425,1445]" captionTargetBox="[500,1449,184,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-144@6.[488,1462,171,1385]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in cleared and stained specimens of Characidium fleurdelis, UFBA 9234, paratypes: A. Weberian apparatus and first ribs, black arrows indicate dorsal rounded processes on first ribs, female, 23.5 mm SL, dorsal view; B. Caudal-fin bony elements, black arrows indicate neural and haemal spines of the antepenultimate vertebra, posteriormost intermuscular bones removed, female, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view; C. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in male, 21.0 mm SL, asterisks indicate elongate and flattened haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial with plate-like bony expansions, lateral view; D. Anal-fin radials and first haemal spines in female, asterisks indicate elongate haemal spines, black arrow indicates one radial without plate-like bony expansion, 23.5 mm SL, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960771/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3678FF975932FC85FD28FC95" blockId="11.[488,1459,787,886]" pageId="11">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975932FC85FC8DFCC8" bold="true" box="[518,837,787,811]" pageId="11">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93678FF97587FFC85FBFEFCC8" box="[843,1078,787,811]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF97587FFC85FBFEFCC8" box="[843,1078,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="11">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known to occur in tributaries of 
<materialsCitation id="01F610273678FF975ADCFCAEFA7BFCB3" box="[488,1459,824,849]" county="rio Corumbiara" location="rio Madeira" municipality="rio Guapore" pageId="11" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rondonia">
the 
<collectingCounty id="584062F63678FF975927FCAEFD0DFCB3" box="[531,709,824,848]" pageId="11">rio Corumbiara</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="514580003678FF9759E6FCAEFC93FCB2" box="[722,859,824,849]" pageId="11">rio Guaporé</collectingMunicipality>
sub basin, 
<location id="B4414CA13678FF9758EDFCAEFB95FCB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3937AB6C3671FF9159CEF9B5FBB0FDE2:B4414CA13678FF9758EDFCAEFB95FCB3" box="[985,1117,824,848]" county="rio Corumbiara" municipality="rio Guapore" name="rio Madeira" pageId="11" stateProvince="Rondonia">rio Madeira</location>
basin, Corumbiara, 
<collectingRegion id="735AD4983678FF975E70FCAEFA7BFCB3" box="[1348,1459,824,848]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="11">Rondônia</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
State, 
<collectingCountry id="C9895AEA3678FF97591FFCC8FDA5FC95" box="[555,621,862,886]" name="Brazil" pageId="11">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="29A506FF3678FF975948FCC8FD1CFC95" box="[636,724,862,886]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[136,209,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[142,1458,914,1681]" captionTargetId="figure-301@12.[136,1459,902,1691]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6 | A. Map with part of the rio Madeira basin, Brazil, showing the type locality (black star) of Characidium fleurdelis; symbol may represent more than one locality or lot. B. Sampling locality of Characidium fleurdelis, Rondônia, Corumbiara town, Vitória da União district, stream tributary of rio Oimerê, tributary of rio Corumbiara, rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960777/files/figure.png" pageId="11">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E5E14AF23678FF975BBCFA4AFC05F9D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960775" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10960775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960775/files/figure.png" pageId="11" startId="11.[136,209,1500,1520]" targetBox="[136,1441,947,1478]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A3678FF975BBCFA4AFC05F9D8" blockId="11.[136,1458,1500,1595]" pageId="11">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975BBCFA4AFE75FA13" bold="true" box="[136,445,1500,1520]" pageId="11">
FIGURE 5 | 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F93678FF975BCEFA4AFE75FA13" box="[250,445,1500,1520]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975BCEFA4AFE75FA13" bold="true" box="[250,445,1500,1520]" italics="true" pageId="11">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, paratypes, INPA 59848, lateral view: 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975814FA4AFCFFFA0C" bold="true" box="[800,823,1500,1519]" pageId="11">A.</emphasis>
Freshly preserved specimens, top male, 22.2 mm SL; bottom mature female with ovocytes seen by transparency on belly as a yellowish area, 24.1 mm SL; 
<emphasis id="83EAC6683678FF975894F994FC7DF9F6" bold="true" box="[928,949,1538,1557]" pageId="11">B.</emphasis>
Live specimens, top male, 20.6 mm SL; bottom mature female, 24.0 mm SL. All from rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B1211A7A367FFF905932FF28FD1FFDC5" blockId="12.[488,1459,190,550]" pageId="12">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905932FF28FD15FF35" bold="true" box="[518,733,190,214]" pageId="12">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367FFF9059DBFF28FC2FFF35" box="[751,999,190,214]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF9059DBFF28FC2FFF35" box="[751,999,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="12">Characidium fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed and captured only in backwater areas, near the substrate, predominantly composed by sand and mud and covered by leaves, in small clear water and slow current streams, approximately 
<quantity id="7666B79F367FFF905E5FFE9FFA7BFEC3" box="[1387,1459,265,289]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 m</quantity>
wide, 
<quantity id="7666B79F367FFF905918FEB8FD54FEA6" box="[556,668,302,326]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" unit="m" value="0.85" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.4">0.4–1.3 m</quantity>
deep, and bordered by aquatic vegetation and grass (
<figureCitation id="29A506FF367FFF905FD2FEB8FAF3FEA5" box="[1254,1339,302,326]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[136,209,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[142,1458,914,1681]" captionTargetId="figure-301@12.[136,1459,902,1691]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6 | A. Map with part of the rio Madeira basin, Brazil, showing the type locality (black star) of Characidium fleurdelis; symbol may represent more than one locality or lot. B. Sampling locality of Characidium fleurdelis, Rondônia, Corumbiara town, Vitória da União district, stream tributary of rio Oimerê, tributary of rio Corumbiara, rio Guaporé sub basin, rio Madeira basin." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10960777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10960777/files/figure.png" pageId="12">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). The 
<typeStatus id="6E25A4D8367FFF905EB6FEB8FA7BFEA5" box="[1410,1459,302,326]" pageId="12">type</typeStatus>
locality is surrounded by large cultivated farmlands (
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905F0FFEC2FB9EFE88" box="[1083,1110,340,363]" italics="true" pageId="12">e.g</emphasis>
., soy, cotton and corn). Other species sampled syntopically near the bottom includes 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367FFF905F67FEEFFA67FE73" authority="Koslowski" authorityName="Koslowski" authorityYear="1985" box="[1107,1455,376,400]" family="Cichlidae" genus="Apistogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="linkei">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905F67FEEFFAE6FE73" box="[1107,1326,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="12">Apistogramma linkei</emphasis>
Koslowski
</taxonomicName>
, 1985, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367FFF90591FFE08FC98FE55" authority="Koslowski, 1985" authorityName="Koslowski" authorityYear="1985" box="[555,848,414,438]" family="Cichlidae" genus="Apistogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="staecki">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF90591FFE08FD47FE55" box="[555,655,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="12">A. staecki</emphasis>
Koslowski, 1985
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367FFF90586FFE08FAF5FE55" authority="Sands &amp; Black, 1985" authorityName="Sands &amp; Black" authorityYear="1985" box="[859,1341,414,438]" family="Heptapteridae" genus="Brachyrhamdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marthae">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF90586FFE08FB9AFE55" box="[859,1106,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="12">Brachyrhamdia marthae</emphasis>
Sands &amp; Black, 1985
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367FFF905E7CFE08FA7BFE55" authorityName="Lacepède" authorityYear="1803" box="[1352,1459,414,438]" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Corydoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905E7CFE08FA7BFE55" box="[1352,1459,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="12">Corydoras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905ADCFE55FD4FFE38" box="[488,647,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="12">caudimaculatus</emphasis>
Rössel, 1961, 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367FFF905814FE55FB1EFE38" authority="Eigenmann, 1909" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1909" box="[800,1238,451,475]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zebra">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905814FE55FC6EFE38" box="[800,934,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="12">Characidium</emphasis>
aff. 
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF9058E6FE55FBC2FE38" box="[978,1034,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="12">zebra</emphasis>
Eigenmann, 1909
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367FFF905E3DFE55FA7BFE38" authorityName="Meulengracht-Madsen" authorityYear="1968" box="[1289,1459,451,475]" family="Cichlidae" genus="Mikrogeophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905E3DFE55FA7BFE38" box="[1289,1459,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="12">Mikrogeophagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905ADCFE7EFDA8FDE3" box="[488,608,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="12">altispinosus</emphasis>
(Haseman, 1911). A dissected mature female of 
<quantity id="7666B79F367FFF905FBCFE7FFB25FDE3" box="[1160,1261,489,513]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.41" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="24.1">24.1 mm</quantity>
SL had a total of 500 mature ovocytes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F98449F1367FFF915932FDCFFBB0FDE2" lastPageId="13" pageId="12" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B1211A7A367FFF915932FDCFFBB0FDE2" blockId="12.[488,1459,600,849]" lastBlockId="13.[488,1459,190,513]" lastPageId="13" pageId="12">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF905932FDCFFD59FD92" bold="true" box="[518,657,601,625]" pageId="12">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named in allusion to the similarity of the three pointed flower-like teeth of the species with a stylized flower called fleur-de-lis. Géry (1960) was the first author, apparently, to point out the resemblance of such form of teeth with a fleur-de- lis in his description of 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367FFF9059DEFD5EFB7CFD03" authority="(Gery, 1960)" baseAuthorityName="Gery" baseAuthorityYear="1960" box="[746,1204,712,737]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Microcharacidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleotrioides">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367FFF9059DEFD5EFBD5FD03" box="[746,1053,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="12">Microcharacidium eleotrioides</emphasis>
(Géry, 1960)
</taxonomicName>
. Lily or iris, the flower upon which the emblem fleur-de-lis is historically related, was the flower of Hera, the Greek moon goddess, being the symbol of purity. Also, the fleur-de-lis is often related with the sacred lotus symbol for “plant” meaning “Tree of Life”. A noun in apposition. 
<emphasis id="83EAC668367EFF915932FF28FD3FFF35" bold="true" box="[518,759,190,214]" pageId="13">Conservation status.</emphasis>
The species is known from four localities, two in streams of the rio Oimerê, and two in the rio Bocão, both from the middle rio Corumbiara, tributary of rio Guaporé, rio Madeira basin. The area is strongly impacted by deforestation and severely converted in large cultivated farmlands of soybean, cotton, and corn, suffering effects of erosion, herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers, and silting. The Extension of Occurrence (
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF367EFF915995FEEFFD28FE72" box="[673,736,377,401]" pageId="13">EOO</collectionCode>
) is 
<quantity id="7666B79F367EFF91583AFEEEFCB3FE73" box="[782,891,376,400]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="13" unit="km" value="6.3">6.300 km</quantity>
<superScript id="46EBB732367EFF91584FFEE1FC4BFE66" attach="left" box="[891,899,375,389]" fontSize="6" pageId="13">2</superScript>
. Therefore, we recommend that 
<taxonomicName id="769E61F9367EFF915E3FFEEFFA46FE73" box="[1291,1422,376,400]" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleurdelis">
<emphasis id="83EAC668367EFF915E3FFEEFFA46FE73" box="[1291,1422,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="13">C. fleurdelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
be classified as Near Threatened (NT) approaching of Vulnerable (VU) by criterion B1(biii), according to the guidelines published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Standards and Petitions Committee (
<collectionCode id="D78F82BF367EFF9158EDFE7FFBEEFDE2" box="[985,1062,489,513]" pageId="13">IUCN</collectionCode>
, 2022).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>