152 lines
13 KiB
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152 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62b6d215-f763-403e-8931-b2f25666d5ab" ID-PMC="PMC4714362" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-548-1" ID-PubMed="26798322" ID-ZBK="D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-548-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 548" ModsDocTitle="An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species" checkinTime="1451243596421" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Paukkunen, Juho, Berg, Alexander, Soon, Villu, Odegaard, Frode & Rosa, Paolo" docDate="2015" docId="FD5CA1C8B5B23157148B5539A9763408" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 548: 1-116" docOrigin="ZooKeys 548" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164" docTitle="Chrysis gracillima Foerster 1853" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="F34E322C6E3DFFFDFFB9090AFFD3FFAC" masterDocTitle="An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1668162373669" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Paukkunen, Juho</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Berg, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Soon, Villu</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Odegaard, Frode</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rosa, Paolo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>548</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>116</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-548-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127852967" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD5CA1C8B5B23157148B5539A9763408" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD5CA1C8B5B23157148B5539A9763408" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Chrysididae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1853" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis gracillima" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">
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Chrysis gracillima
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1853
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis gracillima" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">Chrysis gracillima</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1853: 328.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis saussurei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saussurei">Chrysis saussurei</taxonomicName>
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Chevrier, 1862: 36.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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Length 4-7 mm. The species is easy to recognise by the edentate posterior margin of T3 and the narrow, elongate body shape. Species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Chrysura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysura</taxonomicName>
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, which are similarly coloured and also lack apical teeth, do not have the scapal basin or the dark apical rim, and are larger in size. The head and mesosoma are mainly blue or greenish with golden reflections, and the mesoscutum is medially contrastingly darker than laterally. The metasoma is completely golden red dorsally, but the apical rim is dark blue or blackish. The apical rim is wide, medially slightly undulating and laterally with angled margins. F2, F3 and F4 are ventrally slightly bulging in the male. The shape of the body is very slender and elongate in both sexes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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Estonia. Very rare. One female was collected on 14.VII.2015 in Reinu, southwestern Estonia (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="58.032">58.032°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="24.747">24.747°E</geoCoordinate>
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, leg. V. Soon). No other records are known from the Nordic and Baltic countries, but one female has been collected from Russia, close to the eastern border of Latvia (Pskov Oblast, Krasikovo, 23 km south of Sebezh, VII.1999, leg. A. Reschikov). - West Palearctic: Europe, northern Africa and Middle East (
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<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Veroeffentlichungen aus dem Natur-Museum Luzern" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 139" title="Die Goldwespen der Schweiz." volume="9" year="1997">Linsenmaier 1997</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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Habitat: various biotopes with sun-exposed dead wood (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kunz, PX" journalOrPublisher="Beihefte zu den Veroeffentlichungen fuer Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Wuerttemberg" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 188" title="Die Goldwespen (Chrysididae) Baden-Wuerttembergs. Taxonomie, Bestimmung, Verbreitung, Kartierung und Oekologie. - Mit einem Bestimmungsschluessel fuer die deutschen Arten." volume="77" year="1994">Kunz 1994</bibRefCitation>
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, Linsenmaier 1996,
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<bibRefCitation author="Rosa, P" journalOrPublisher="- Pierre, Aosta" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" title="I Crisidi della Valle d'Aosta (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Monografie del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, 6. St." year="2006">Rosa 2006</bibRefCitation>
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). Adults often fly on wooden poles (
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<bibRefCitation author="Rosa, P" journalOrPublisher="- Pierre, Aosta" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" title="I Crisidi della Valle d'Aosta (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Monografie del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, 6. St." year="2006">Rosa 2006</bibRefCitation>
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) and occasionally visit flowers of
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<taxonomicName family="Apiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName family="Euphorbiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Veroeffentlichungen aus dem Natur-Museum Luzern" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 139" title="Die Goldwespen der Schweiz." volume="9" year="1997">Linsenmaier 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). Flight period: June to August in Germany (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kunz, PX" journalOrPublisher="Beihefte zu den Veroeffentlichungen fuer Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Wuerttemberg" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 188" title="Die Goldwespen (Chrysididae) Baden-Wuerttembergs. Taxonomie, Bestimmung, Verbreitung, Kartierung und Oekologie. - Mit einem Bestimmungsschluessel fuer die deutschen Arten." volume="77" year="1994">Kunz 1994</bibRefCitation>
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). Host: species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Microdynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdynerus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdynerus</taxonomicName>
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Thomson (
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<taxonomicName family="Vespidae" lsidName="" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="family">Vespidae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Friese, H" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Naturwissenschaften" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="185 - 218" title="Beitraege zuer Hymenopterenfauna des Saaletales." volume="56" year="1883">Friese 1883</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Enslin, E" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="116 - 130" title="Beitraege zur Metamorphose der Goldwespen." volume="24" year="1929">Enslin 1929</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Benno, P" journalOrPublisher="Publicaties van het Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="9 - 48" title="De Nederladse Goudwespen en haar verspreiding (Hym. Chrysididae, Cleptidae)." volume="3" year="1950">Benno 1950</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Wickl, K-H" journalOrPublisher="Galathea" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="57 - 72" title="Goldwespen der Oberpfalz (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)." volume="17" year="2001">Wickl 2001</bibRefCitation>
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) and possibly also
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Trypoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trypoxylon clavicerum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavicerum">Trypoxylon clavicerum</taxonomicName>
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Lepeletier & Serville (
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<taxonomicName family="Crabronidae" lsidName="" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="family">Crabronidae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Morgan, D" journalOrPublisher="Royal Entomological Society of London, London" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" title="Cuckoo-wasps, Hymenoptera, Chrysididae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol. 6, Part 5." year="1984">Morgan 1984</bibRefCitation>
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). The only
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Microdynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdynerus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdynerus</taxonomicName>
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species found in Estonia is
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Microdynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdynerus parvulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">Microdynerus parvulus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Herrich-Schäffer">Herrich-Schaeffer</normalizedToken>
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), which could be the host of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis gracillima" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">Chrysis gracillima</taxonomicName>
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at the northern limit of its distribution area.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |