229 lines
19 KiB
XML
229 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45221874-7fe5-4bd5-a3da-3b318b7dd9a8" ID-PMC="PMC3253626" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-158-1" ID-PubMed="22303109" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-158-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 158" ModsDocTitle="A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters" checkinTime="1451249442870" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cairns, Stephen D. & Lindner, Alberto" docDate="2011" docId="F3838B6628792A0691A146E604F195CC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 158: 1-88" docOrigin="ZooKeys 158" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910" docTitle="Cyclohelia lamellata Cairns 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="CD06FFFFD917034E2D15FFB73E6BFFD7" masterDocTitle="A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1668153073747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lindner, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>158</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-158-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032739" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3838B6628792A0691A146E604F195CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F3838B6628792A0691A146E604F195CC" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cyclohelia_lamellata" authority="Cairns, 1991" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1991" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata Cairns, 1991</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–I3A–C">D-I3A-C</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
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Cairns, 1991: 384-386, figs 1a-g, 2a-g.-
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<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 22 (listed).-
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<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
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: 10, 27, fig. 25, not Appendix fig. 1 (=
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
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).-
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<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 107 (listed).-
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<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 529-530, figs 2K, 3E.-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).-
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<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 3, and supplemental Table S1: 3 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellate" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellate">Cyclohelia lamellate</taxonomicName>
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.-
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<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 133, 137 (listed).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">The holotype, a dry female colony (USNM 85077, Fig. 1D). Type locality. Off Pribilof Islands, 550 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Alaskan Leader 35,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.03">53°01'48"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.10333">170°06'12"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 172-178 m, 4 Jun 2002, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 1122491; Alaskan Leader, 54-14,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.74">51°44.4'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-178.27834">178°16.7'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 567-680 m, 11 Jun 2002, 1 female, AB02-0029; Alaska Beauty,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.70717">51°42.43'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.93417">176°56.05'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 351 m, 3 Feb 2000, 1 female, AB00-15; Delta 5999-8E-5,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.3507">52°21.042'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-179.50806">179°30.483'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 115 m, 4 Jul 2003, 3 fragments, AB10-0001; Delta 6000-10D-2,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.847576">51°50.8545'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.82748">179°49.6488'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 150 m, 5 Jul 2003, 1 indet., AB; Delta 6001-10C-1,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.87327">51°52.396'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.76985">179°46.191'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 230 m, 5 Jul 2003, 1 female, AB; Delta 6213-12B-1, 2 and 4, 6 males, AB; Delta,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84861">51°50'55"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80972">179°48'35"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 125 m, 17 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol (digitate form), USNM 1122494; North Pacific,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.071335">52°04.28'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.08917">176°05.35'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 366 m, 1 indet., AB00-28; Ocean Olympic,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.198166">52°11.89'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="176.28833">176°17.3'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 366 m, 20 Oct 2000, 1 female (digitate form), USNM 1122513; Pacific Knight 941-121,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.633335">51°38'00"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.31667">178°19'00"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 0-373 m, 5 Jul 1994, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 96235 and 1122900; Pacific Knight 941-179,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.0">52°00'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="176.73334">176°44'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 0-90 m, 23 Jul 1994, 1 female (intermediate form), USNM 96236; Patricia Lee,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.311665">51°18'42"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.50111">179°30'04"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 329 m, 20 Oct 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122488; Patricia Lee
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.890667">51°53.44'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.795">179°47.7'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 298 m, 3 male, SEM stub 1488, AB00-41; Sea Storm 107,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.174446">52°10'28"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.23723">175°14'14"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 214 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1123297; Sea Storm 108, 52°11'32'N,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 208 m, 8 Jul 2002, 10 female, 6 male, 8 indet. (digitate form) in alcohol and dry, USNM 1122951, -54, -55, -57, -58, -59, 61, 1123290, 91; Sea Storm 111,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.27222">52°16'20"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.98695">175°59'13"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1122949; Sea Storm 112,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.253334">52°15'12"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.17834">176°10'42"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 indet., USNM 1122946; Sea Storm 116,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.069443">52°04'10"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.24028">177°14'25"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 87-94 m, 11 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol (digitate form), USNM 1122942; Sea Storm 122,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 143 m, 13 Jul 2002, 8 female, 4 male, 5 indet., USNM 1122899, 1122948, 1123294-96, -98; Sea Storm 123,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.18139">52°10'53"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.61722">179°37'02"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 124 m, 13 Jul 2002, 2 male, USNM 1122952; Sea Storm 125,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.21472">52°12'53"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.94695">179°56'49"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 89-96 m, 13 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 112305; Vesteraalen 3,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.636948">52°38'13"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.78723">169°47'14"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 75-83 m, 22 May 2001, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1076490; Vesteraalen 941-36,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.933334">52°56'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-169.51666">169°31'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 0-227 m, 10 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96237; Vesteraalen 941-46,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.066666">53°04'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.15">170°09'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 0-174 m, 12 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96238; Vesteraalen 941-153,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.71666">179°43'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 0-94 m, 11 Jul 1994, 1 male, USNM 96239; "Vessel" 35,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.763332">51°45'48"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.16306">178°09'47"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 200-400m, 4 Jun 2000, 2 female and 1 male, USNM 1122493; Renfro, coll.,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.943058">51°56'35"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.29945">179°17'58"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 236 m, 1 female, USNM 1122456; coll. Slear,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.99778">51°59'52"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.78473">176°47'05"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 241 m, 13 Nov 2000, 1 male (digitate form), USNM 1122457; Petrel Bank, 1 male, 1 indet., USNM 1123540;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.8685">51°52.11'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-179.82516">179°49.51'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 27 m, 17 Jul 2002, 1 female (digitate form), USNM 1122492.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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This species is not redescribed herein as it was adequately described originally (
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 388" title="Cyclohelia lamellata, new genus and species of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea." volume="45" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
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) and, being the only species in the genus, conforms to the genus
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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above. But, the species was previously known from only two specimens, the type and a specimen sequenced by
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<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lindner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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, and thus more can be added to its description, including details of the male ampullae, based on the 81 additional specimens reported herein.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colonies are usually firmly attached to a hard substrate by a robust cylindrical base and stem (Fig. 1H) up to 2.5 cm in diameter, which, at the height of about 2 cm, bifurcates into two lamellae or sheets, each sheet increasing its surface area by folding and undulating its surfaces into a complex three dimensional structure. Large colonies may attain a height of about 8 cm and a width of 10 cm, colonies wider than tall being the norm. However, a subset of colonies from seven stations (see Material Examined), termed the "digitate form", differ from the typical colony morphology in having dissected plates, resulting in numerous flattened lobes and clavate branches (Fig. 1E). Furthermore, one colony (Fig. 1F) is intermediate between these two extremes, suggesting that these shapes are simply variations of the same species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Male ampullae (Fig. 3A) entirely internal, and elliptical in shape, the greater axis of the ellipse perpendicular to the branch surface, unlike that of the female ampullae. Male ampullae are up to 0.6 mm in greater diameter and 0.45 mm in lesser diameter, occurring in great concentrations and invariably present on almost any broken surface. Each ampulla communicates to the surface by a circular efferent duct, the duct about 0.07-0.09 mm in diameter, which is surrounded by small inward projecting granules, giving the pore a star-shaped appearance (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
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). Of the 81 specimens examined, 34 are female, 29 male, and 18 indeterminate in gender.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">In addition to the type locality off the Pribilof Islands, this species is common throughout the Aleutian Islands from the Rat Islands to the Islands of Four Mountains at 27-567 m, although it was more commonly collected from the western part of this range at depths of 100-300 m. The digitate form is known only from the western Aleutian Islands from 27-366 m.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
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, USNM 1122488: A stereo view of male ampullae in cross section
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
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male efferent pores.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |