treatments-xml/data/A8/19/87/A81987DCB85DFFAEFF6206A8C9AEFBE5.xml
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<mods:title id="3EB386FEA5CA5E5A0FD390A41C4AF077">A revised infrageneric classification for Gagea Salisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5F317DD78BE59F7F3F279DEA39A6049F">Zarrei, Mehdi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="117185AF26E344EB38E4287CDBDFB34E">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW 9 3 DS, UK. &amp; Current address: Green Plant Herbarium (TRT), Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada (* e-mail for correspondence: m. zarrei @ utoronto. ca).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="02290BC99BE23EE32456577EDE64FA13">Wilkin, Paul</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="686AE2CF4483C00656C6CD40E9280992">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW 9 3 DS, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="41C98062D098564B7E596A8490AF116E">Ingrouille, Martin J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2011E89440367AD3654F5D058C31A726">School of Biological and Chemical Science, Birkbeck College, University of London, Mallet Street, WC 1 E 7 HX, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6CE04CB82AC3D985DBFCCDB44253FEAD">Chase, And Mark W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D94B723D7D801E8693286293070097D3">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW 9 3 DS, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="7AC0AB3253DA7673FB92EEDDAAD59B94">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A81987DCB85DFFAEFF6206A8C9AEFBE5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4907220" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182598014" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4907220" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A81987DCB85DFFAEFF6206A8C9AEFBE5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A81987DCB85DFFAEFF6206A8C9AEFBE5" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph id="200F36CAB85DFFAEFF6206A8CF0CFD86" blockId="4.[151,593,491,520]" box="[151,593,491,520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="7B4781A6B85DFFAEFF6206A8CF0CFD86" bold="true" box="[151,593,491,520]" fontSize="12" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFF6206A8CF0CFD86" authority="Levichev" authorityName="Levichev" box="[151,593,491,520]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Gagea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Incrustatae">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFF6206A8CF0CFD86" bold="true" box="[151,593,491,520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFF6206A8CDB1FD89" bold="true" box="[151,236,491,519]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Gagea</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFEC206A8CC90FD89" bold="true" box="[311,461,491,519]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Incrustatae</emphasis>
Levichev
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="68AA6541B85DFFAEFF620577C9AEFBE5" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="200F36CAB85DFFAEFF620577CE2AFCD5" blockId="4.[151,1436,564,1131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitation id="A11110DBB85DFFAEFF620577CFD7FDC0" author="Vvedensky, A. I." box="[151,650,564,590]" page=")" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" year="1952">
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFF620577CFD7FDC0" ID-CoL="6JVVD" authority="Vvedensky (1952: 28)" authorityName="Vvedensky" authorityPageNumber="28" authorityYear="1952" box="[151,650,564,590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Gagea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="circumplexa">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFF620577CC20FDC3" box="[151,381,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Gagea circumplexa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFE710577CFD7FDC0" author="Vvedensky, A. I." box="[388,650,564,590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="28" refId="ref11102" refString="Vvedensky, A. I. (1952) Liliaceae Novae Kirghizicae. Botaniceskie Materialy Gerbarija Instituta Botaniki Akademii Nauk Uzbekskoi SSSR 13: 28." type="journal article" year="1952">Vvedensky (1952: 28)</bibRefCitation>
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and
<treatmentCitation id="A11110DBB85DFFAEFD310577C9FDFDC0" author="Chodat, R. &amp; Beauverd, J." box="[708,1184,564,590]" page=")" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" year="1932">
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFD310577C9FDFDC0" ID-CoL="6JVVB" authority="Chodat &amp; Beauverd (1932: 8)" authorityName="Chodat &amp; Beauverd" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1932" box="[708,1184,564,590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Gagea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dayana">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFD310577CE67FDC3" box="[708,826,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G. dayana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFCB40577C9FDFDC0" author="Chodat, R. &amp; Beauverd, J." box="[833,1184,564,590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="1932 - 4" refId="ref8818" refString="Chodat, R. H &amp; Beauverd, J. (1932) Gagea dayana, p. 8, in: Dinsmore, J. E. (1932 - 4). Plantae Postianae et Dinsmoreanae, Publications of the American University of Beirut, Natural Science series, Vols. 1. &amp; 2." type="journal article" year="1932">Chodat &amp; Beauverd (1932: 8)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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were the two species of this section included in analyses of molecular data (nrITS and plastid) by
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFBD80519C848FDFA" author="Zarrei, M. &amp; Wilkin, P. &amp; Fay, M. F. &amp; Ingrouille, M. J. &amp; Zarre, S. &amp; Chase, M. W." box="[1069,1301,602,628]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="125 - 142" refId="ref11349" refString="Zarrei, M., Wilkin, P., Fay, M. F., Ingrouille, M. J., Zarre, S. &amp; Chase, M. W. (2009) Molecular systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae; Liliales): implications of analyses of nuclear ribosomal and plastid sequences for infrageneric classification. Annals of Botany 104: 125 - 142." type="journal article" year="2009">
Zarrei
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFB880519C9E7FDFD" box="[1149,1210,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
. These two species grouped with other members of the
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFD6205C2CE75FD14" authorityName="Schultes &amp; Schultes" authorityYear="1829" baseAuthorityName="Pall." box="[663,808,641,666]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Gagea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFD6205C2CE75FD14" box="[663,808,641,666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G. reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex in
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFC4E05C2CE89FD14" box="[955,980,641,666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
sect.
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFBE205C2C99DFD14" box="[1047,1216,641,666]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Platyspermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFBE205C2C99DFD14" box="[1047,1216,641,666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Platyspermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(clade C, Figure
<quantity id="E7489B2FB85DFFAEFA7805C2CDF2FD4C" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFF4D05EBCCC4FD4C" author="Zarrei, M. &amp; Wilkin, P. &amp; Fay, M. F. &amp; Ingrouille, M. J. &amp; Zarre, S. &amp; Chase, M. W." box="[184,409,680,706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="125 - 142" refId="ref11349" refString="Zarrei, M., Wilkin, P., Fay, M. F., Ingrouille, M. J., Zarre, S. &amp; Chase, M. W. (2009) Molecular systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae; Liliales): implications of analyses of nuclear ribosomal and plastid sequences for infrageneric classification. Annals of Botany 104: 125 - 142." type="journal article" year="2009">
Zarrei
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFEF805EBCC11FD4F" box="[269,332,680,705]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
). They fell in different subclades in clade C.
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFC2105EBC99BFD4F" authorityName="Vvedensky" authorityYear="1952" box="[980,1222,680,705]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Gagea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="circumplexa">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFC2105EBC99BFD4F" box="[980,1222,680,705]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Gagea circumplexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was included by
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFF62058DCCC2FD66" author="Peterson, A. &amp; Levichev, I. G. &amp; Peterson, J." box="[151,415,718,744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="446 - 465" refId="ref10393" refString="Peterson, A., Levichev, I. G. &amp; Peterson, J. (2008) Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46: 446 - 465." type="journal article" year="2008">
Peterson
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFEFD058CCC1BFD66" box="[264,326,719,744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
(2008)
</bibRefCitation>
and was placed within their clade A (
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFC81058CCED0FD66" box="[884,909,719,744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
sect.
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFC20058CC9DEFD66" box="[981,1155,719,744]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Platyspermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFC20058CC9DEFD66" box="[981,1155,719,744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Platyspermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). No species from this section were included in anatomical studies, but
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFD2605B6CEDEFC80" authorityName="Vvedensky" authorityYear="1952" box="[723,899,757,782]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Gagea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="circumplexa">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFD2605B6CEDEFC80" box="[723,899,757,782]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G. circumplexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was included in palynological studies (
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFAA705B6CC63FCB8" author="Zarrei, M. &amp; Zarre, S." pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="96 - 108" refId="ref11268" refString="Zarrei, M. &amp; Zarre, S. (2005) Pollen morphology of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) in Iran. Flora 200: 96 - 108." type="journal article" year="2005">Zarrei &amp; Zarre 2005</bibRefCitation>
). Based on palynomorphological data, the separate placement of this species is not supported. This section should also be included
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFDBD0401CF3CFCD5" box="[584,609,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFD510401CE2AFCD5" box="[676,887,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFD510401CE10FCD5" box="[676,845,834,859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Platyspermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Platyspermum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09F757A3B85DFFAEFCA10401CE2AFCD5" box="[852,887,834,859]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="200F36CAB85DFFAEFF33042AC9AEFBE5" blockId="4.[151,1436,564,1131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
In summary, all taxa of clade C should be redefined as
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFC6C042ACEE8FC0C" box="[921,949,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFBF1042AC9E9FC0C" box="[1028,1204,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFBF1042AC9EDFC0C" box="[1028,1200,873,898]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Platyspermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Platyspermum</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
including
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFAB5042AC804FC0C" box="[1344,1369,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
sect.
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFF6204D3CFC8FC24" authority="Levichev (1990: 231)" authorityName="Levichev" authorityPageNumber="231" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,661,912,938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Platyspermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sensu">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFF6204D3CCD7FC27" box="[151,394,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Platyspermum sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFE6704D3CFC8FC24" author="Levichev, I. G." box="[402,661,912,938]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="225 - 234" refId="ref9564" refString="Levichev, I. G. (1990) The synopsis of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) from the western Tien-Shan. (in Russian). Botanicheskii Zhurnal 75: 225 - 234." type="journal article" year="1990">Levichev (1990: 231)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFD5704D3CFE6FC27" box="[674,699,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFCF504D3CEDBFC27" box="[768,902,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Incrustatae</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFC6304D3CEF2FC27" box="[918,943,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFC0104D3C9C6FC27" box="[1012,1179,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Graminifoliae</emphasis>
and probably
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFAB304D3C83FFC27" box="[1350,1378,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFF6204F4CC4AFC5E" box="[151,279,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Bulbiferae</emphasis>
. An umbellate inflorescence, flattened seeds, a fairly trilobed stigma, as well as a reticulate to fibrous-reticulate bulb tunic are all putative synapomorphies for this section. Although most species of this section possess a pentangular outline in transverse sections of basal leaves, collenchyma under epidermis, and sclerenchymatous tissues, these are not shared by all taxa.
<taxonomicName id="E7B04D49B85DFFAEFCB30369C800FBCA" authority="Zarrei &amp; Wilkin (2010 b: 90)" authorityName="Zarrei &amp; Wilkin" authorityPageNumber="90" authorityYear="2010" box="[838,1373,1066,1092]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Gagea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calcicola">
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFCB30369C95AFBCD" box="[838,1031,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">Gagea calcicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFBFA0369C800FBCA" author="Zarrei, M. &amp; Wilkin, P. &amp; Ingrouille, M. J. &amp; Chase, M. W." box="[1039,1373,1066,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="89 - 96" refId="ref11505" refString="Zarrei, M., Wilkin, P., Ingrouille, M. J. &amp; Chase, M. W. (2010 b) Gagea calcicola (Liliaceae), a new species from southwestern Iran. Kew Bulletin 65: 89 - 96." type="journal article" year="2010">Zarrei &amp; Wilkin (2010b: 90)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is an example of a species in this section with atypical anatomical characters (
<bibRefCitation id="44214B3BB85DFFAEFC1D0312C995FBE5" author="Zarrei, M. &amp; Wilkin, P. &amp; Ingrouille, M. J. &amp; Chase, M. W." box="[1000,1224,1105,1131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" pagination="89 - 96" refId="ref11505" refString="Zarrei, M., Wilkin, P., Ingrouille, M. J. &amp; Chase, M. W. (2010 b) Gagea calcicola (Liliaceae), a new species from southwestern Iran. Kew Bulletin 65: 89 - 96." type="journal article" year="2010">
Zarrei
<emphasis id="12C4EAD8B85DFFAEFBCF0312C929FBE4" box="[1082,1140,1105,1130]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
2010b
</bibRefCitation>
, d).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>