483 lines
62 KiB
XML
483 lines
62 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="189786DD2FF706DEBAB6F378848636E6">Solving the cryptic diversity of the genus Manerebia Staudinger in northern Peru description of new species and considerations on the biogeographical role of the Huancabamba Deflection (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Pronophilina)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="79C3C660419AD9FF7218EE9E5350BD9D">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. & klaudia. florczyk @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5731 - 8605</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="E4C77EA6964AA469CB7B89811107BBFC">Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s / n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú. & cerdenajoseal @ yahoo. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3930 - 6480</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="899CA3999032373B854E1F3AECEA7281">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. & anna. zubek @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3663 - 522 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="B49CDD8DA2CA247EB64050142A8AAE49">Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s / n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú. & jjackie 4 u @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5913 - 0756</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="060447FCDADBCD37FF66456C7D730514">Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland & dorota. lachowska-cierlik @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9072 - 1677</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="70EC0B138BF73922C1325F9D5A1E883F">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. & Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland & tomasz. pyrcz @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4822 - 0670</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="864387EE11347256F8A109B584142042" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744561" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190874990" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5744561" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11347256F8A109B584142042" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/864387EE11347256F8A109B584142042" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
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<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257F8A109B5873E2285" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,554,439,466]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8A109B5847F2286" bold="true" box="[151,363,439,466]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Manerebia ronda</emphasis>
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Pyrcz & Boyer
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111347257FA0109B5876D2285" box="[567,633,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257F8A909D985F922A1" box="[159,237,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-21@7.[226,1364,179,1835]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5747913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5747913/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257F8CD09DE841F22A2" box="[251,267,476,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[216,1381,183,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[178,1410,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Salhuindo, prep. genit. KF-1571 B. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Pucara, prep. genit. KF-1572 C. M. punku n. sp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. KF-1613 D. M. prattorum udima n. ssp., Peru, La Florida, prep. genit. KF-1472" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744565/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257F92109D9843322A1" box="[279,295,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1350,202,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Female genitalia (top—lateral view; bottom—ventral view, detail) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuido, prep. genit. MUSA_015151 B. M. inducta n. sp., Peru, Lagunas Arrebiatadas, prep. genit. MUSA_015152" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744571/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257F90509D9844422A1" box="[307,336,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,185,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-21@21.[165,1423,181,1261]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia x adults comparison indicating morphological similarities and genetic affinities (outer—genitalia in lateral view, aedeagus omitted, middle—wings venter) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuindo, prep. genit. 1571 B. M. inderena similis, Peru, Balzapamba, prep. genit. H_161 C. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. 1572 D. M. undulata milaena, Peru, Jimbura, prep. genit. H_175 E. M. pauperata n. stat., Peru, Zamora, prep. genit. H_246" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744577/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">10</figureCitation>
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)
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<typeStatus id="D151885A11347257F8A10A2185C62169" box="[151,210,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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<collectingCountry id="76FD766811347257F90A0A268466216A" box="[316,370,548,574]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Peru</collectingCountry>
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,
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,
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<collectorName id="A31F532E11347257FA350A2687D32169" box="[515,711,547,574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">NE Bambamarca</collectorName>
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, Laguna Salahuindo
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<subSubSection id="46F0657311347257F8F10A4587D220F1" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811347257F8F10A4587D220F1" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8F10A4584562135" bold="true" box="[199,322,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This species superficially resembles a number of congeners, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FC690A4A808C2136" authority="(Adams, 1986)" baseAuthorityName="Adams" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[1119,1432,583,610]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inderena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FC690A4A81622135" box="[1119,1142,584,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FCB20A4581F32135" box="[1156,1255,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">inderena</emphasis>
|
||
(Adams, 1986)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257F8A10A6E84CF21D2" authority="(Hewitson, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[151,475,619,646]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leaena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8A10A6E85BA21D1" box="[151,174,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8890A69841E21D1" box="[191,266,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">leaena</emphasis>
|
||
(Hewitson, 1861)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257F9DF0A6E864A21D1" authority="Pyrcz & Hall, 2006" authorityName="Pyrcz & Hall" authorityYear="2006" box="[489,862,619,646]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F9DF0A6E871421D1" box="[489,512,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FA270A69876121D1" box="[529,629,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">undulata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B0911347257FA480A6E864A21D1" author="Pyrcz, T. W. & Willmott, K. R. & Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L." box="[638,862,619,646]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" pagination="37 - 79" refId="ref22357" refString="Pyrcz, T. W., Willmott, K. R., Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L. (2006) A review of the genus Manerebia Staudinger (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in the northern Andes. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 39, 37 - 79." type="journal article" year="2006">Pyrcz & Hall, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FBAF0A6E812D21D1" authorityName="Pyrcz & Hall" authorityYear="2006" box="[921,1081,620,646]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FBAF0A6E86A421D1" box="[921,944,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FBF70A6E812D21D1" box="[961,1081,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">germaniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all of which have wide HWV yellow median bands, but only some of them do not have any ventral ocelli, in particular
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FC5D0A9284712199" authority="Pyrcz & Willmott, 2006" authorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="leaeniva">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FC5D0A92819621FD" box="[1131,1154,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FCA60A8D804321FD" box="[1168,1367,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">inderena leaeniva</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B0911347257FD6A0A9284712199" author="Pyrcz, T. W. & Willmott, K. R. & Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L." pageId="4" pageNumber="205" pagination="37 - 79" refId="ref22357" refString="Pyrcz, T. W., Willmott, K. R., Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L. (2006) A review of the genus Manerebia Staudinger (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in the northern Andes. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 39, 37 - 79." type="journal article" year="2006">Pyrcz & Willmott, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257F9440AB686792199" authority="Pyrcz & Willmott, 2006" authorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" authorityYear="2006" box="[370,877,691,718]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F9440AB6849D2199" box="[370,393,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F9AF0AB1875A2199" box="[409,590,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">inderena similis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B0911347257FA610AB686792199" author="Pyrcz, T. W. & Willmott, K. R. & Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L." box="[599,877,691,718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" pagination="37 - 79" refId="ref22357" refString="Pyrcz, T. W., Willmott, K. R., Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L. (2006) A review of the genus Manerebia Staudinger (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in the northern Andes. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 39, 37 - 79." type="journal article" year="2006">Pyrcz & Willmott, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FB9D0AB6815F2199" authorityName="Pyrcz & Hall" authorityYear="2006" box="[939,1099,692,718]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FB9D0AB686D62199" box="[939,962,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FBE50AB6815F2199" box="[979,1099,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">germaniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The last species has a series of minute HWV submarginal yellowish dots, absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FB270ADA866E21A5" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[785,890,727,754]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FB270ADA863C21A5" box="[785,808,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FB0E0AD5866E21A5" box="[824,890,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The most similar taxon in colour pattern is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FD480ADA845F2041" authorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FD480ADA808121A5" box="[1406,1429,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8A10AF9845F2041" box="[151,331,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">inderena similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257F96D0AF984D62041" box="[347,450,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,185,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-21@21.[165,1423,181,1261]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia x adults comparison indicating morphological similarities and genetic affinities (outer—genitalia in lateral view, aedeagus omitted, middle—wings venter) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuindo, prep. genit. 1571 B. M. inderena similis, Peru, Balzapamba, prep. genit. H_161 C. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. 1572 D. M. undulata milaena, Peru, Jimbura, prep. genit. H_175 E. M. pauperata n. stat., Peru, Zamora, prep. genit. H_246" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744577/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
|
||
), whose HWV submarginal line is smooth and parallel to the outer margin, as opposed to the more undulating line in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257F9DE0B22875A206D" authority="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[488,590,799,826]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F9DE0B2284EB206D" box="[488,511,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FA3A0B1D875A206D" box="[524,590,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FA630B1D8787206D" bold="true" box="[597,659,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111347257FA630B1D8787206D" box="[597,659,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In terms of male genitalia morphology, the most similar species is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FD480B22841E2009" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauperata" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FD480B228081206D" box="[1406,1429,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8A10B46841E2009" box="[151,266,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">pauperata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F9270B4184752009" bold="true" box="[273,353,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111347257F9270B4184752009" box="[273,353,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, which differs in the larger tegumen which is apparent in lateral view, and thinner subuncus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257FD590B4185FC20D6" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,185,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-21@21.[165,1423,181,1261]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia x adults comparison indicating morphological similarities and genetic affinities (outer—genitalia in lateral view, aedeagus omitted, middle—wings venter) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuindo, prep. genit. 1571 B. M. inderena similis, Peru, Balzapamba, prep. genit. H_161 C. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. 1572 D. M. undulata milaena, Peru, Jimbura, prep. genit. H_175 E. M. pauperata n. stat., Peru, Zamora, prep. genit. H_246" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744577/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 10A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The nominate subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FA760B6A87BC20D5" authority="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[576,680,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FA760B6A87BC20D5" box="[576,680,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M. ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FA990B6587FA20D5" bold="true" box="[687,750,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111347257FA990B6587FA20D5" box="[687,750,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FBB20B6A815520D5" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer" authorityYear="2021" box="[900,1089,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ronda" subSpecies="amplia">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FBB20B6A815520D5" box="[900,1089,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M. ronda amplia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FC7F0B65818720D5" bold="true" box="[1097,1171,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">n. ssp.</emphasis>
|
||
by the more prominent teeth on the apical part of the valva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257FA070B8987AD20F1" box="[561,697,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,185,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-21@21.[165,1423,181,1261]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia x adults comparison indicating morphological similarities and genetic affinities (outer—genitalia in lateral view, aedeagus omitted, middle—wings venter) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuindo, prep. genit. 1571 B. M. inderena similis, Peru, Balzapamba, prep. genit. H_161 C. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. 1572 D. M. undulata milaena, Peru, Jimbura, prep. genit. H_175 E. M. pauperata n. stat., Peru, Zamora, prep. genit. H_246" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744577/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 10A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46F0657311347257F8F10BAD81FF24ED" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811347257F8F10BAD846D2419" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8F10BAD844D209D" bold="true" box="[199,345,943,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
MALE (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257F9F60BAD870E209D" box="[448,538,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-21@7.[226,1364,179,1835]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5747913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5747913/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FA070BAD877A209D" box="[561,622,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: eyes chocolate brown, naked, lustrous; labial palpi two times length of head, covered with black hair-like scales, longer ventrally, and some sparse yellow scales; antennae slender, 2/5
|
||
<superScript id="F99F9BB011347257FDA60BD1808920B5" attach="none" box="[1424,1437,979,993]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">th</superScript>
|
||
length of costa, mostly naked, dorsally brown, ventrally milky white, club formed gradually.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FC910BF581EC2745" box="[1191,1272,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: black, naked; legs with femur covered with chestnut scales, tibia and tarsus with sandy yellow scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FCB40C1E81D22761" box="[1154,1222,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: FW length
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11347257FD600C1985D1270E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="18.0">18–19 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mean: 18.4 mm, n=7; FWD uniform chocolate brown, lustrous, with a barely noticeable submarginal darker smooth line parallel to distal margin. HWD with long hair-like scales in median half, uniform chocolate brown, with a barely noticeable undulating darker submarginal line and yellow median band slightly translucent from venter. FWV dark brown, paler along costal and particularly distal margin due to thin overcast of whitish scales, with a well-marked blackish-brown, undulating and rather irregular submarginal line, a narrow barely visible marginal line, and a faint, dark brown straight, postdiscal line. HWV dark brown, lighter along distal margin where dusted with thin whitish scales, with a zigzagging dark brown submarginal line, a barely visible, narrow marginal line, and a wide, straight, yellow (slightly more intensely coloured towards anal margin) median band, of nearly same width throughout, and a hardly visible arched black discal line angled at almost 90°.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FCB20D5D81FA262D" box="[1156,1262,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Covered with dense, mostly brown scales dorsally and laterally, and sparse golden brown scales ventrally.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FC8E0D81803626C9" box="[1208,1314,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257FD050D81808426C9" box="[1331,1424,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[216,1381,183,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[178,1410,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Salhuindo, prep. genit. KF-1571 B. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Pucara, prep. genit. KF-1572 C. M. punku n. sp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. KF-1613 D. M. prattorum udima n. ssp., Peru, La Florida, prep. genit. KF-1472" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744565/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
): Uncus arched and 1.5 times longer than tegumen shoulder, gnathos half-length of uncus, strongly uplifted with a short apex; pedunculus with a massive base and apex curved downwards; saccus short, bulbous; valva with a massive basal half ending in massive mid-dorsal process terminated by several short teeth, and a narrow apical half with a dorsal crest made up of five prominent teeth; aedeagus sinuate, shorter than valva. FEMALE (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257FD000E1180992579" box="[1334,1421,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-21@7.[226,1364,179,1835]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5747913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5747913/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Sexual dimorphism marginal, female slightly lighter and duller brown on both upper and venter. Its HWV median band is sandy yellow.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F9AF0E5987172521" box="[409,515,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257FA230E5987662521" box="[533,626,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[202,1350,202,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Female genitalia (top—lateral view; bottom—ventral view, detail) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuido, prep. genit. MUSA_015151 B. M. inducta n. sp., Peru, Lagunas Arrebiatadas, prep. genit. MUSA_015152" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744571/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
): Anal papillae prominent, covered with rather sparse setae of varying length, with a strongly sclerotized basal plate, projecting basally and dorsally into short, sharp apophysis-like tips; membrane below papillae with a moderately sclerotized flange, postvaginal lamella sclerotized produced into two prominent lateral, folded flaps with smooth edges; antevaginal lamella slightly sclerotized, pocket-like; antrum strongly sclerotized with two protruberances; ductus bursae wide and short, opening gradually into a large, oval corpus bursae, with two parallel wide, dentate signa, running close to each other in ventral position extending over half of bursa length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811347257F8F10F5581FF24ED" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8F10F5584902425" bold="true" box="[199,388,1879,1905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Molecular data.</emphasis>
|
||
BI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257F9820F5587112425" box="[436,517,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[572,1012,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-21@25.[572,1014,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bayesian Inference tree (BI) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Posterior probability values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744583/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
) and ML (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257FA4F0F5587DD2425" box="[633,713,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[575,1017,184,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@26.[570,1017,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. Maximum likelihood tree (ML) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Ultrafast bootstrap support values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744585/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) trees, as well as species-delimitation methods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257FCD70F5580292425" box="[1249,1341,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[591,998,182,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@27.[589,998,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. The Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744589/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11347257FD7E0F5580712426" box="[1352,1381,1879,1906]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[591,997,185,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-23@28.[589,998,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15. The generalized mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744591/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">15</figureCitation>
|
||
) and genetic distances (Sumplementary material 2) do not support the separate specific status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257FCAD0F7E801724C1" authority="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[1179,1283,1915,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FCAD0F7E81A624C1" box="[1179,1202,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FCF70F79801724C1" box="[1217,1283,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FD3C0F79805D24C1" bold="true" box="[1290,1353,1915,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111347257FD3C0F79805D24C1" box="[1290,1353,1915,1941]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, which is placed within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11347257F94F0F9D877924ED" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[377,621,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauperata" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F94F0F9D877924ED" box="[377,621,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Manerebia pauperata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257FA420F9D87D024ED" bold="true" box="[628,708,1951,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111347257FA420F9D87D024ED" box="[628,708,1951,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
clade with zero or close to zero genetic distance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46F0657311347256F8F10FC181532249" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811347256F8F10FC181532249" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2014]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,150,790]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11347257F8F10FC184612489" bold="true" box="[199,373,1987,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Type material:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511347256F94F0FC1810623E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048311" collectingDate="2018-06-11" collectionCode="T, CEPUJ, MUSM" collectorName="T. Pyrcz" country="Peru" elevation="2725" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="206" location="Cajamarca" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cajamarca" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="D151885A11347257F94F0FC184F52489" box="[377,481,1987,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111347257F9D30FC684E9248A" box="[485,509,1988,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76FD766811347257FA310FC68729248A" box="[519,573,1988,2014]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11347257FA730FC187D42489" box="[581,704,1987,2013]" country="Peru" name="Cajamarca" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11347257FAFE0FC6869D2489" box="[712,905,1987,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">NE Bambamarca</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11347257FBA70FC681952489" box="[913,1153,1987,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Laguna Salahuindo, S</collectorName>
|
||
06°36’897/ W78°26’159,
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11357256F8A10894842323E5" box="[151,311,150,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.725" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" unit="m" value="2725.0" valueMax="2750.0" valueMin="2700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="85C7D1CB11357256F8A10894842323E5" box="[151,311,150,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.725" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" unit="m" value="2725.0" valueMax="2750.0" valueMin="2700.0">2700–2750 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="7A54103811357256F970089584AB23E5" box="[326,447,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" value="2018-06-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011357256F970089584AB23E5" box="[326,447,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" value="2018-06-11">11.vi.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11357256F9FB089584CB23E5" box="[461,479,151,177]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11357256F9DB0895873923E5" box="[493,557,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Pyrcz</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11357256FA47089587D723E5" box="[625,707,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">CEPUJ</collectionCode>
|
||
(to be deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11357256FB860895811F23E5" box="[944,1035,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">MUSM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="D151885A11357256FC160895819923E5" box="[1056,1165,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111357256FC96089581CF23E5" box="[1184,1243,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="male">17 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111357256FD2E0895805223E5" box="[1304,1350,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
:):
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511357256FD51089587342381" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048336" collectingDate="2018-06-11" collectionCode="CEPUJ" collectorName="T. Pyrcz" country="Peru" elevation="2725" location="Cajamarca" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Cajamarca" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111357256FD510895808323E5" box="[1383,1431,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="male">7 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
: same data as the holotype,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11357256F9FC08B987342381" box="[458,544,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">CEPUJ</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511357256FA1A08B9860023AD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048308" collectingDate="2018-06-11" collectionCode="PBF" collectorName="Bambamarca, S & P. Boyer" country="Peru" elevation="2700" location="Laguna Salahuindo" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Cajamarca" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111357256FA1A08B9874E2381" box="[556,602,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11357256FA5108B987F62381" box="[615,738,187,213]" country="Peru" name="Cajamarca" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
, ouest de
|
||
<location id="0B35602311357256FB6508B981242381" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE11347256F8A109B584142042:0B35602311357256FB6508B981242381" box="[851,1072,187,213]" country="Peru" name="Laguna Salahuindo" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" stateProvince="Cajamarca">Laguna Salahuindo</location>
|
||
, nord
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11357256FC4E08B9803C2381" box="[1144,1320,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Bambamarca, S</collectorName>
|
||
06°36'897 W78°26'159,
|
||
<quantity id="C9129B1D11357256F90E08DD848123AD" box="[312,405,223,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" unit="m" value="2700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="85C7D1CB11357256F90E08DD848123AD" box="[312,405,223,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="7A54103811357256F99008DD870B23AD" box="[422,543,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" value="2018-06-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011357256F99008DD870B23AD" box="[422,543,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" value="2018-06-11">11.vi.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11357256FA0708DD878123AD" box="[561,661,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">P. Boyer</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11357256FAE908DD860023AD" box="[735,788,223,249]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0e59-8wpg" name="Perum Bio Farma" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">PBF</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA511357256FB1008DD81502249" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048369" collectingDate="2018-06-11" collectionCode="MUSA" collectorName="J. Cerdena & J. Farfan" country="Peru" latitude="-6.6147223" location="Cajamarca" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Cajamarca" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111357256FB1008DD864223AD" box="[806,854,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="male">7 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="18ECFD7111357256FBAE08DD86DD23AD" box="[920,969,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11357256FBEA08DD814323AD" box="[988,1111,223,249]" country="Peru" name="Cajamarca" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11357256FC5E08DD81EB23AD" box="[1128,1279,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Bambamarca</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11357256FD3908DD808C23AD" box="[1295,1432,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">La Ramada</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F11357256F8A10900840E2249" box="[151,282,258,285]" degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-6.6147223">06º36’53’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F11357256F915090084BB2249" box="[291,431,258,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">78º26’09’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="7A54103811357256F98C090187202249" box="[442,564,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" value="2018-06-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D011357256F98C090187202249" box="[442,564,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" value="2018-06-11">11.vi.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
. 2715 m, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11357256FAE40901865C2249" box="[722,840,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">J. Cerdeña</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="A31F532E11357256FB49090186F02249" box="[895,996,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">J. Farfán</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D11357256FBD9090181502249" box="[1007,1092,259,285]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/42td-7yhx" name="Universidad Nacional de San Agustin, Museo de Historia Natural (Peru)" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">MUSA</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46F0657311357256F8F10925863C22DD" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811357256F8F10925863C22DD" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8F10925845A2215" bold="true" box="[199,334,295,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named for a local political institution, a peasant patrol or meeting of local authorities in rural
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76FD766811357256F8D8094984302231" box="[238,292,331,357]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which was particularly active in the Bambamarca area during the insurgency of the Sendero Luminoso in the 1980s. It is treated as a feminine noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46F0657311357256F8F1099184142042" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811357256F8F10991876921FD" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F8F10991842F22F9" bold="true" box="[199,315,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is externally most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FB3B099186FD22F8" authorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" authorityYear="2006" box="[781,1001,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inderena" subSpecies="mirena">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FB3B0991863022F8" box="[781,804,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FB04099186FD22F8" box="[818,1001,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">inderena mirena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but its male genitalia and COI barcode data (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F8E109B584222285" box="[215,310,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[572,1012,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-21@25.[572,1014,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bayesian Inference tree (BI) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Posterior probability values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744583/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F97209B584762285" box="[324,354,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[575,1017,184,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@26.[570,1017,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. Maximum likelihood tree (ML) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Ultrafast bootstrap support values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744585/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F94609B5849A2285" box="[368,398,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[591,998,182,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@27.[589,998,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. The Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744589/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F9AA09B484AD2285" box="[412,441,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[591,997,185,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-23@28.[589,998,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15. The generalized mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744591/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">15</figureCitation>
|
||
) indicate its close affinities to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FB2B09B586A32284" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Pyrcz & Willmott" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[797,951,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauperata" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FB2B09B586202284" box="[797,820,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FB7209B586A32284" box="[836,951,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">pauperata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FBF609B581062285" bold="true" box="[960,1042,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111357256FBF609B581062285" box="[960,1042,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256FC1509B5819D2285" box="[1059,1161,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,185,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-21@21.[165,1423,181,1261]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia x adults comparison indicating morphological similarities and genetic affinities (outer—genitalia in lateral view, aedeagus omitted, middle—wings venter) A. M. ronda n. sp., Peru, Laguna Salahuindo, prep. genit. 1571 B. M. inderena similis, Peru, Balzapamba, prep. genit. H_161 C. M. ronda amplia n. ssp., Peru, Abra de Porculla, prep. genit. 1572 D. M. undulata milaena, Peru, Jimbura, prep. genit. H_175 E. M. pauperata n. stat., Peru, Zamora, prep. genit. H_246" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
|
||
), which occurs at lower elevations and is externally markedly different, characterized by much large size, no HWV median yellow band, and large submarginal ocelli. Therefore, the two are considered as specifically distinct. Another species that has similar genitalia and somewhat similar colour patterns is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FAF10A2186712168" authorityName="Pyrcz & Hall" authorityYear="2006" box="[711,869,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FAF10A2187CA2168" box="[711,734,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FADB0A2186712168" box="[749,869,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">germaniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which occurs throughout
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76FD766811357256FCA40A2181FB2169" box="[1170,1263,547,573]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76FD766811357256FD110A21808C2169" box="[1319,1432,547,573]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which can be recognized by the shorter distance between the base of the valva and the tip of the dorsal process, and by the shorter teeth on the apical part of the valva, as well as by the presence of HWV submarginal yellow dots, which are totally lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256F9E70A8D872C21FD" authority="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[465,568,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9E70A8D84FC21FC" box="[465,488,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256F9C00A8D872C21FD" box="[502,568,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA090A8D876921FD" bold="true" box="[575,637,655,681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111357256FA090A8D876921FD" box="[575,637,655,681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5536F811357256F8F10AB184142042" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
So far, the nominate subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B11357256FA560AB187DF2199" authority="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Florczyk & Willmott & Cerdeña & Zubek & Boyer & Farfán & Lachowska-Cierlik & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[608,715,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ronda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FA560AB187632198" box="[608,631,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FABF0AB187DF2199" box="[649,715,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">ronda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA11357256FAE30AB186032199" bold="true" box="[725,791,691,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD579111357256FAE30AB186032199" box="[725,791,691,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="206" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has been collected only in the north-central part of the department of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A11357256F9080AD584AD21A5" box="[318,441,727,753]" country="Peru" name="Cajamarca" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
, NW of Bambamarca, within the watersheds of western tributaries of the Río Marañón (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D11357256F8960AF985E72042" box="[160,243,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1961,1985]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,986,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-320@30.[169,1419,982,1937]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 16. Huancabamba Deflection area map with new taxa known localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744595" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744595/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="206">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |