176 lines
19 KiB
XML
176 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="6BA9E519E17CD3FCB0D81D25005F6322" ID-CLB-Dataset="46900" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4067.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d2bf7a6-415a-4fb2-8c8f-12b79f8a400a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="257945" ID-ZooBank="1CC5D0E7-0B60-4E62-BACD-9775931ED7F9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460354321046" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Souto, Javier, Berning, Björn & Ostrovsky, Andrew N." docDate="2016" docId="862A8F25FFA40C55FF65F8155E4B3D01" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4067.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4067 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Placidoporella Souto, Berning & Ostrovsky, 2016, n. gen." docType="treatment" docUuid="D30BEEA6-75F0-41CA-A02B-DD2EF2E22F91" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="445" masterDocId="7A13F75DFF8F0C79FFF2FF985F173879" masterDocTitle="Systematics and diversity of deep-water Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic)" masterLastPageNumber="459" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="444" updateTime="1698293824137" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="9E5CB1A484EDD8F58D7283DA9A5CF166" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EAAC17DD330D8043206FF7BC2355BED0">
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<mods:title id="F613E084DF52961DD33C6A10E02366E7">Systematics and diversity of deep-water Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5B4A3BA0954322E776A31864E60D2A58" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E2F087DD45449195B2F837A93085ED90">Souto, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6DDAD53B8C666C6507EC5B3F7EA558F7">Berning, Björn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0C706754CC0D421C0280E6312CA7AD29">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F9AA5478236AB3B60FEA668E3A1F2D40">Ostrovsky, Andrew N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6E4EF50471111EF5B02E84B4340F241B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7A9B1BED6F8A5D40C05392B44EC814B0">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3783E371A9FDDE66E593E9527A71F482" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="8BA52CB4538C0BF8DBDCB8246B1D0908">4067</mods:number>
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<treatment id="862A8F25FFA40C55FF65F8155E4B3D01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4547357" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119408621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4547357" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D30BEEA6-75F0-41CA-A02B-DD2EF2E22F91" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/862A8F25FFA40C55FF65F8155E4B3D01" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="445" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
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<subSubSection id="46996DB8FFA40C52FF65F8155EB73FDE" box="[151,416,1933,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FFA40C52FF65F8155EB73FDE" blockId="43.[151,416,1933,1959]" box="[151,416,1933,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
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<heading id="5574895FFFA40C52FF65F8155EB73FDE" bold="true" box="[151,416,1933,1959]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA40C52FF65F8155EB73FDE" bold="true" box="[151,416,1933,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA40C52FF65F8155E503FDE" ID-CoL="84SKR" box="[151,327,1933,1959]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bitectiporidae" genus="Placidoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA40C52FF65F8155E503FDE" bold="true" box="[151,327,1933,1959]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Placidoporella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFFA40C52FEBCF8155EB73FDE" box="[334,416,1933,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="46996DB8FFA40C52FF65F84B5DB03F90" box="[151,679,2003,2025]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FFA40C52FF65F84B5DB03F90" blockId="43.[151,679,2003,2025]" box="[151,679,2003,2025]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
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||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA40C52FF65F84B5E053F90" bold="true" box="[151,274,2003,2025]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">
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<typeStatus id="D1388091FFA40C52FF65F84B5FDB3F90" box="[151,204,2003,2025]" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Type</typeStatus>
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specie
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</emphasis>
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s:
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA40C52FED9F84B5DB43F90" authority="Jullien, 1882" authorityName="Jullien" authorityYear="1882" box="[299,675,2003,2025]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="43" pageNumber="444" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="insperata">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA40C52FED9F84B5D003F90" box="[299,535,2003,2025]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="444">Microporella insperata</emphasis>
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Jullien, 1882
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="46996DB8FFA30C55FF65FF0F5CAA39F1" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FFA30C55FF65FF0F5CAA39F1" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FF65FF0F5E0638C9" bold="true" box="[151,273,151,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Colony encrusting, uniserial, with c. 40° bifurcations at irregular intervals. Zooids oval, frontal shield lepralioid, bearing numerous pseudopores across entire surface except for sloping part distal to orifice, vertical walls absent, interzooidal communications via 2 small flat distolateral basal pore-chambers; orifice transversely Dshaped, with no oral spines, proximal margin slightly convex, condyles present. Ovicells hyperstomial, terminal; ooecium kenozooidal, resting on frontal shield of maternal zooid distal to orifice and communicating with visceral coelom via 1–2 pores; ectooecium calcified with several pseudopores, laterally covered by imperforate secondary calcification of maternal zooid. Avicularia absent. Ancestrula unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="46996DB8FFA30C55FF35FE0C5EE9398C" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FFA30C55FF35FE0C5EE9398C" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FF35FE0C5E5939D4" bold="true" box="[199,334,404,429]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Latin
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FE55FE0C5D1139D4" box="[423,518,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">placidus</emphasis>
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, flat, shallow, alluding to the gently convex frontal shield rising from the substratum in the absence of lateral walls, plus -
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FD49FE2F5C1C39A9" box="[699,779,439,464]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Porella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="453" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FD49FE2F5C1C39A9" box="[699,779,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">porella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a common suffix for bryozoan taxa with a pseudoporous frontal shield. Gender feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="46996DB8FFA30C55FF35FE675E4B3D01" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FFA30C55FF35FE675C533BF9" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FF35FE675E2C3A61" bold="true" box="[199,315,511,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FEB4FE675DE43A61" authority="Jullien, 1882" authorityName="Jullien" authorityYear="1882" box="[326,755,511,536]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="insperata">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FEB4FE675D583A61" box="[326,591,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Microporella insperata</emphasis>
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Jullien, 1882
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</taxonomicName>
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, which is conspecific with the Galicia Bank material and which we select here as the
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<typeStatus id="D1388091FFA30C55FE19FDBD5D0C3A44" box="[491,539,549,573]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">type</typeStatus>
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of the new genus, belongs neither to
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FC11FDBC5A0B3A45" authority="Hincks, 1877" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1877" box="[995,1308,548,573]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FC11FDBC5B603A44" box="[995,1143,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Microporella</emphasis>
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Hincks, 1877
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</taxonomicName>
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nor to the
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FF65FDDF5EE43A19" authority="Hincks, 1879" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,499,583,608]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Microporellidae Hincks, 1879</taxonomicName>
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. Owing to the ‘smittinid’ appearance of the ooecium,
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FB8AFDDF5A083A19" box="[1144,1311,583,608]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bitectiporidae" genus="Placidoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FB8AFDDF5A083A19" box="[1144,1311,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Placidoporella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFFA30C55FAD9FDDF5A693A19" box="[1323,1406,583,608]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FAD9FDDF5A693A19" bold="true" box="[1323,1406,583,608]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">n. gen.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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is tentatively placed in the Smittinoidea, although it is difficult to assign it to any of the known families. It is unique in its absence of lateral walls along the proximolateral zooidal margins, having only a pair of extremely reduced, low-arched, distolateral basal pore-chambers, from which one or two zooids are budded. The ooecium is kenozooidal and is positioned on the sloping distal wall of the maternal zooid instead of being produced by the distal zooid as in all other smittinoid taxa. The zooidal orifice is transversely D-shaped and has condyles, whereas other characters in existing Smittinoidea, such as a lyrula (most
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FC91FC875CF13B41" box="[867,998,799,824]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Smittinidae</taxonomicName>
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) or a sinus (
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FB9FFC875A053B41" box="[1133,1298,799,824]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bitectiporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Bitectiporidae</taxonomicName>
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), are absent. Moreover, oral spines and avicularia are wanting. However, as it is vaguely similar to
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FBA7FCDC5A343B25" box="[1109,1315,836,861]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bitectiporidae" genus="Galiciapora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="unica" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FBA7FCDC5A343B25" box="[1109,1315,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Galiciapora unica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FAD8FCDC5FAF3BF9" bold="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFFA30C55FAD8FCDC5A6E3B24" box="[1322,1401,836,861]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, n. sp.
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</emphasis>
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(see below), we tentatively assign it to the
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FD6CFCFF5C563BF9" box="[670,833,871,896]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bitectiporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Bitectiporidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FFA30C55FF35FC145A203CD9" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FF35FC145E793BDC" box="[199,366,908,933]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bitectiporidae" genus="Placidoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FF35FC145E793BDC" box="[199,366,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Placidoporella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is morphologically also similar to the new genus and species
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FBC4FC145FC53BB1" authority="Gordon, 2014" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="2014" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lacernidae" genus="Cheilonellopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="inflata">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FBC4FC145A213BDC" box="[1078,1334,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Cheilonellopsis inflata</emphasis>
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Gordon, 2014
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</taxonomicName>
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, which was placed in the
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FDE0FC375D983BB1" box="[530,655,943,968]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lacernidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Lacernidae</taxonomicName>
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mainly owing to its ooecial characters (membranous ectooecium, smooth imperforate endooecium, produced by the distal zooid). The similarities between these two species from distinctly distant regions is remarkable, both sharing the same colony and autozooidal morphology, as well as the budding pattern and the absence of vertical walls with only two distolateral pore chambers remaining (Gordon 2014, figs 8E,F). Differences in ovicell
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<typeStatus id="D1388091FFA30C55FDAFFBD85D9A3C21" box="[605,653,1088,1112]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">type</typeStatus>
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and formation between
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FC56FBD85B183C21" box="[932,1039,1087,1112]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lacernidae" genus="Cheilonellopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="inflata">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FC56FBD85B183C21" box="[932,1039,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">C. inflata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ectooecium membranous, ooecial fold formed by the distal zooid) and
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<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FDB2FBFC5C4D3C05" box="[576,858,1124,1149]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bitectiporidae" genus="Placidoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="insperata" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FDB2FBFC5C4D3C05" box="[576,858,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">Placidoporella insperata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFFA30C55FC91FBFC5CDC3C04" box="[867,971,1124,1149]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FC91FBFC5CDC3C04" bold="true" box="[867,971,1124,1149]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">n. comb.</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(with calcified ectooecium, kenozooidal origin, positioning on the maternal zooid), however, do not allow placing the two taxa in the same family.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FFA30C55FF35FB345E4B3D01" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">
|
||
The exact
|
||
<typeStatus id="D1388091FFA30C55FEB0FB355E653CBC" box="[322,370,1197,1221]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of ovicell closure in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FFA30C55FD9CFB355DE13CBD" box="[622,758,1197,1220]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bitectiporidae" genus="Placidoporella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="44" pageNumber="445" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="insperata">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FD9CFB355DE13CBD" box="[622,758,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">P. insperata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is impossible to distinguish in dry material. The proximal ovicell margin parallels that of the primary orifice, indicating that it may be closed by the operculum during embryonic development, i.e. closure is cleithral (subcleithral)
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FFA30C55FC92FB6D5C893D75" box="[864,926,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
Ostrovsky (2008, 2013). Yet the operculum was never seen resting on the ooecial margin, and it is questionable if it can reach the ooecial margin as the ovicell opening is fairly elevated above the primary orifice. It is therefore possible that the closure
|
||
<typeStatus id="D1388091FFA30C55FB28FAA55A1D3D2C" box="[1242,1290,1341,1365]" pageId="44" pageNumber="445">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is acleithral (pseudocleithral).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |