409 lines
72 KiB
XML
409 lines
72 KiB
XML
<document id="91D613D24058824DDD3E7505C194D86D" ID-CLB-Dataset="29502" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4484.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="74b777c9-eae0-4770-8c86-dcbb10fb06b3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1437848" ID-ZooBank="D66524CF-9C6D-4DF4-8CA2-B2C9708CF5FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538125412450" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grischenko, Andrei V., Gordon, Dennis P. & Melnik, Viacheslav P." docDate="2018" docId="521587E45626551F09EEFE04884FFD03" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4484.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4484 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Discantenna metallica Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik 2018, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="AE2CFF9C563255070979FF888A4AFF87" masterDocTitle="Bryozoa (Cyclostomata and Ctenostomata) from polymetallic nodules in the Russian exploration area, Clarion - Clipperton Fracture Zone, eastern Pacific Ocean-taxon novelty and implications of mining" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698557051871" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="1B04F5C850A94BE73339109A2337BE1D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0B796EA87F8C1C028C61A5755C629A05">
|
||
<mods:title id="7F53FAB1FFBA288CF9A39922D94A07AA">Bryozoa (Cyclostomata and Ctenostomata) from polymetallic nodules in the Russian exploration area, Clarion - Clipperton Fracture Zone, eastern Pacific Ocean-taxon novelty and implications of mining</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="5DE218BC62B5A9FDF2FD49DF72F76202" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F33D5CCD8755973CE1641C2235A55BC4">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="13D1EE1F87F6C4065B42FB01391FF19A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="C8AC2088525333A7220C1AC93C4A52FA">Grischenko, Andrei V.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="0CF67A71006F3AEF45E8FF04D903D9D6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="083EBAB5BF54B889ABBBEB78EE9B5969">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3C86BC022D9E9F3BB12595D2929F04A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="524065B6A10C49ADD12B240B70B1ED48">Gordon, Dennis P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="87953443AF9193BAFBB141CB03A3A43D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4BAF4584ADA38170C8EC5D3C7B10D537">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="39EC3FA990B85037D17DEA237230CE86">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7C20DB96CA322ACF3AD8E032D5A4C74F">Melnik, Viacheslav P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="965355DE3C3E5D1EF72187DD77625E16">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="C1A58BB15F45D0F14EB80F31D91C39FC" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="4746136B0C04D13208FC4E6EA6B2F134">
|
||
<mods:title id="BFA0329E237B8D3AF1219A6C33945793">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="B52B2DBB7B249A3A830881030F282039">
|
||
<mods:date id="ED8C0FBF093BBCE0437FD2006D914DB6">2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="86F0B2814A0C99BDA660656AB3694433" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="2ABF82883C7787056C5BA60EEC597173">2018-09-25</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D227338821349EBB118105A3559066C5" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="FC145CE45D855C553CCC25FB6E94F12B">4484</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="BF8CBFE37F59856F2037B10E33E03455" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="D895CB706610D92560288FD5404D0D3D">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="A90ACB84005F061168426E4593470974" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="2A1514A9E515B31D0ADC40DCA33A1074">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="F62A663049B1FB9DE7AFCE9434BB748F">91</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E6B9AFF57F009B5D5D82182C2864813C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3BFB62E3294D2B9FB9E2D4161262C4E9" type="CLB-Dataset">29502</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E87F758FDECE3E2EF1271C8CF81E4495" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4484.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6571508CB44ED805685BDB7B01977FCC" type="GBIF-Dataset">74b777c9-eae0-4770-8c86-dcbb10fb06b3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="67AEE85E8550C93341C57666454AABD0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E92D6532721AA3EF2C25BA6816BAD509" type="Zenodo-Dep">1437848</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3D43DAAB2379A11AEBEF0EDE68FEA60B" type="ZooBank">D66524CF-9C6D-4DF4-8CA2-B2C9708CF5FD</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="521587E45626551F09EEFE04884FFD03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5989787" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148403720" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5989787" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:521587E45626551F09EEFE04884FFD03" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/521587E45626551F09EEFE04884FFD03" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<subSubSection id="92A665795626551309EEFE048B06FE40" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309EEFE048BA5FE21" blockId="20.[151,495,396,455]" box="[151,495,396,422]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<heading id="814B819E5626551309EEFE048BA5FE21" bold="true" box="[151,495,396,422]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551309EEFE048BA5FE21" bold="true" box="[151,495,396,422]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D715626551309EEFE048BEFFE21" ID-CoL="9ea35194-ecf9-4fb5-8d31-963f4c0a588d" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik, 2018" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,421,396,422]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551309EEFE048BEFFE21" bold="true" box="[151,421,396,422]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Discantenna metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3FB579B5626551308D4FE048BA5FE21" box="[429,495,396,422]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309EEFE268B06FE40" blockId="20.[151,495,396,455]" box="[151,332,430,455]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A775626551309E6FE268ABBFE40" box="[159,241,430,455]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1774,1796]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,392,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,392,1715]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Colonies of some cyclostome bryozoans, in vivo, attached to polymetallic nodules. A–E, Pandanipora helix n. gen., n. sp.: A, specimen GLD4–09, Stn 190; B, specimen GLD4–12, Stn 262; C, specimen YMG4–07, Stn 143; D, specimen YMG4–13, Stn 295; E, specimen GLD 4–11, Stn 212. F, Tubuliporina sp. indet., specimen YMG18–01, Stn 7. G, H, Abyssoecia elevata n. gen., n. sp.: G, specimen GLD4–09, Stn 196; H, specimen GLD4–09, Stn 191. I, Discantenna metallica n. sp.: specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224. J, K, Frontohornera frontalis n. gen., n. sp.: J, specimen YMG4–07, Stn 124; K, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 210. L, Alyonushka hystricosa n. gen., n. sp.: specimen GLD4–09, Stn 199. M, Calyssopora volcano n. gen., n. sp.: specimen YMG18–01, Stn 33. N, O, Anyuta anastema n. gen., n. sp.: N, specimen GLD4–09, Stn 180; O, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 71. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437852/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<date id="AE0210325626551309AEFE278ABBFE40" box="[215,241,431,455]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">2I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130984FE278B09FE40" box="[253,323,431,455]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 10" captionStart-1="FIGURE 11" captionStart-2="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="21.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionStartId-1="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionStartId-2="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox-0="[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetBox-1="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId-0="figure@21.[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetId-1="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId-2="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId-0="21" captionTargetPageId-1="22" captionTargetPageId-2="23" captionText-0="FIGURE 10. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Holotype and paratype colonies. A–D, holotype, ZIRAS 1/50675; E–I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676. A, apical and B, lateral views of colony; C, D, same, edge of disk, respectively showing peristomes and differentiating zooids; E, lateral view of colony showing numerous stalk zooids; F, autozooidal peristome near top of stalk with calcified terminal diaphragm; G, underside of part of capitulum seen in E; H, part of stalk with short peristomes and terminal diaphragms; I, margin of capitulum seen in E. Scale bars: A–E, 500 µm; F, 150 µm; G–I, 250 µm." captionText-1="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." captionText-2="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1437869/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">10–12</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="92A665795626551309EEFE7E8B66FD60" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309EEFE7E8B66FD60" blockId="20.[151,1437,502,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551309EEFE7E8BCFFD88" bold="true" box="[151,389,502,527]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551308EBFE7E8BB2FD88" box="[402,504,502,527]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
: ZIRAS 1/50675, colony detached from nodule, YMG R.V.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562655130DB4FE7E8FD3FD88" box="[1229,1433,502,527]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Yuzhmorgeologiya</emphasis>
|
||
cruise YMG4–06, Stn 67,
|
||
<date id="AE0210325626551308B5FD938830FDB4" box="[460,634,538,563]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2006-08-08">8 August 2006</date>
|
||
, 13.18842° N, 134.51227° W,
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562655130A9AFD938E75FDB5" box="[995,1087,539,563]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.82" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="4820.0">4820 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562655130D35FD948EF9FDB4" box="[1100,1203,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||
1: ZIRAS 2/50676, colony detached from nodule, YMG R.V.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562655130BF4FDB68941FDD0" box="[653,779,574,599]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Gelendzhik</emphasis>
|
||
cruise GLD4–11, Stn 224,
|
||
<date id="AE021032562655130D23FDB78EBAFDD0" box="[1114,1264,575,599]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2012-05-02">2 May 2012</date>
|
||
, 12.55585° N, 133.08295° W,
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B1756265513083FFDEB8BD5FDFD" box="[326,415,611,635]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.778" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="4778.0">4778 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551308D0FDEC885AFDFC" box="[425,528,612,635]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||
2: ZIRAS 3/50702, colony detached from nodule, YMG R.V.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562655130DB4FDEA8FD3FDFC" box="[1229,1433,610,635]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Yuzhmorgeologiya</emphasis>
|
||
cruise YMG18–01, Stn 37,
|
||
<date id="AE021032562655130896FD0F88FDFD18" box="[495,695,647,671]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2003-08-29">29 August 2003</date>
|
||
, 13.85300° N, 129.08458° W,
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562655130D42FD0E8ED6FD19" box="[1083,1180,646,671]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.715" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="4715.0">4715 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562655130DD6FD0E8FDEFD18" box="[1199,1428,646,671]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Additional material</emphasis>
|
||
: YMG4–06, Stns 69, 82; GLD4–08, Stn 151; GLD4–11, Stns 207, 225; YMG4–14, Stns 358, 362. Total specimens examined 11.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="92A665795626551309BEFD7A8E01FC8C" box="[199,1099,754,779]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309BEFD7A8E01FC8C" blockId="20.[151,1437,502,1967]" box="[199,1099,754,779]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551309BEFD7A8B04FC8C" bold="true" box="[199,334,754,779]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Latin,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D715626551308E4FD7A884FFC8C" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[413,517,754,779]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551308E4FD7A884FFC8C" box="[413,517,754,779]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pertaining to a mineral, alluding to the substratum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="92A665795626551F09BEFC9E8E6FFF37" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309BEFC9E8A80FC1D" blockId="20.[151,1437,502,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551309BEFC9E8B13FCA8" bold="true" box="[199,345,790,815]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony erect, white, stalked, from narrow encrusting base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130D38FC9E8EFBFCA8" box="[1089,1201,790,815]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Initially uniserial, becoming biserial, distal end of base developing erect column that expands into shallow circular or irregular discoidal structure, up to
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B175626551308C0FCD68854FCF1" box="[441,542,862,887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="3.45">3.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter, in which zooids are centripetally arranged; colony height up to
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562655130C12FCD78A8CFC1D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.94" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="4.94">4.94 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309BEFC2E883FFBC9" blockId="20.[151,1437,502,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Apical disk bereniciform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130B7DFC2E88D0FC38" box="[516,666,934,959]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Holotype and paratype colonies. A–D, holotype, ZIRAS 1/50675; E–I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676. A, apical and B, lateral views of colony; C, D, same, edge of disk, respectively showing peristomes and differentiating zooids; E, lateral view of colony showing numerous stalk zooids; F, autozooidal peristome near top of stalk with calcified terminal diaphragm; G, underside of part of capitulum seen in E; H, part of stalk with short peristomes and terminal diaphragms; I, margin of capitulum seen in E. Scale bars: A–E, 500 µm; F, 150 µm; G–I, 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437869/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); up to 52 zooidal peristomes, angled obliquely outwards from depressed center of disk; peripheral common bud thin, with narrow marginal lamina pierced by pseudopores and having skeletal microstructure of distally imbricated foliated crystallites. Calcified terminal diaphragms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130C4AFC668FD2FB80" box="[1331,1432,1006,1031]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Holotype and paratype colonies. A–D, holotype, ZIRAS 1/50675; E–I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676. A, apical and B, lateral views of colony; C, D, same, edge of disk, respectively showing peristomes and differentiating zooids; E, lateral view of colony showing numerous stalk zooids; F, autozooidal peristome near top of stalk with calcified terminal diaphragm; G, underside of part of capitulum seen in E; H, part of stalk with short peristomes and terminal diaphragms; I, margin of capitulum seen in E. Scale bars: A–E, 500 µm; F, 150 µm; G–I, 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437869/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 10F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A775626551309EEFB9B8B59FBAC" box="[151,275,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">11A, G, M</figureCitation>
|
||
) common in older, proximal zooids; diaphragms made up of fused sectors of needle-like crystallites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A775626551309E6FBBE8B48FBC8" box="[159,258,1078,1103]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
|
||
); 2–5 tiny pseudopores apparent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309BEFBD28982FACC" blockId="20.[151,1437,502,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Only two gonozooids seen, each produced at edge of small capitulum of unattached stem (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130DCBFBD28F52FBF4" box="[1202,1304,1114,1139]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Stem with ~10 short peristomes of varied length, ~6 of them with apertures occluded by diaphragms. Capitulum with irregular profile in apical view owing to many peristomes broken at base; made up of four ‘sectors’, each comprising fused parts of adjacent peristomes, one of which bears gonozooid. Gonozooid broader than long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130DB3FB4E8F19FB58" box="[1226,1363,1222,1247]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11C–E</figureCitation>
|
||
), with broadly W-shaped margin on capitulum side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130BEFFB6288B2FA84" box="[662,760,1258,1283]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
|
||
) or this not evident (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130A98FB628E0FFA84" box="[993,1093,1258,1283]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
|
||
); moderately inflated frontally either side of shortly projecting ooeciostome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130BE3FA86895EFAA0" box="[666,788,1294,1319]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11C, I</figureCitation>
|
||
) with near-circular ooeciopore with thin slightly irregular rim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A775626551309B4FABA8BC6FACC" box="[205,396,1330,1355]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11D, E, H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonozooid wall with greater pseudopore density.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309BEFADE896DF9A4" blockId="20.[151,1437,502,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Ancestrula suberect, protoecium inclined at 50–60° angle to substratum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130D74FADE8F4FFAE8" box="[1037,1285,1366,1391]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12A, C, D, E, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Protoecium may be shortly flared at base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A7756265513089CFAF28807FA14" box="[485,589,1402,1427]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12H</figureCitation>
|
||
), continuous with peristome, surface with needle-like crystallites and sparse pseudopores. Abfrontal sides of ancestrular zooid, 3–4 daughter zooids and base of colony of erect fascicle of zooids supported by basal layer and skirt of kenozooids and extrazooidal calcification (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130D0CFA4A8EB1FA5C" box="[1141,1275,1474,1499]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12B, F</figureCitation>
|
||
); base of skirt with irregular margin depending on substratum; exterior surface marked by vertical striae and ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130C5CFA6E8FC5FA78" box="[1317,1423,1510,1535]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12H</figureCitation>
|
||
), and moderately sparse but evenly distributed pseudopores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309BEF9A688FDF950" blockId="20.[151,1437,502,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Daughter zooid distal to ancestrula initiating biseriality by budding two additional zooids, their respective peristomes directed to left and right (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130B31F9DA88B9F9EC" box="[584,755,1618,1643]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12E, F, H</figureCitation>
|
||
), after which 5–11 additional peristomes may be produced around base of what will become erect stem of capitulum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130A4BF9FE89E5F908" box="[818,943,1654,1679]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="AE021032562655130A1EF9FF89C7F908" box="[871,909,1655,1679]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2012-01">12I</date>
|
||
–L
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), which shows chambers of seven (some as small proximal ends) in cross section in one example (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130B85F9128910F934" box="[764,858,1690,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Non-functioning older zooids with closure plates, near or below peristomial rim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A7756265513088BF9368802F950" box="[498,584,1726,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130B2DF93788E0F950" box="[596,682,1727,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">12A, K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25626551309BEF96A8FC3F828" blockId="20.[151,1437,502,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05626551309BEF96A8B8DF97C" bold="true" box="[199,455,1762,1787]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Measurements (mm).</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="050788505626551308A9F96A8871F97C" box="[464,571,1762,1787]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, ZIRAS 1/50675 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562655130A76F96A89D7F97C" box="[783,925,1762,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Holotype and paratype colonies. A–D, holotype, ZIRAS 1/50675; E–I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676. A, apical and B, lateral views of colony; C, D, same, edge of disk, respectively showing peristomes and differentiating zooids; E, lateral view of colony showing numerous stalk zooids; F, autozooidal peristome near top of stalk with calcified terminal diaphragm; G, underside of part of capitulum seen in E; H, part of stalk with short peristomes and terminal diaphragms; I, margin of capitulum seen in E. Scale bars: A–E, 500 µm; F, 150 µm; G–I, 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437869/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
): Colony height 2.95; capitulum length 4.15, width 3.45; stalk cross-section at point of breakage 0.35 × 0.40; stalk cross-section at junction with disk 0.71 × 0.53; stalk height (from point of breakage to disk) 1.53. Disk zooids: ZL 0.772–1.295 (0.979 ± 0.166); PeL 0.221–0.713 (0.414 ± 0.179); PeD 0.123–0.140 (0.131 ± 0.005); ApL 0.132–0.171 (0.151 ± 0.013); ApW 0.098–0.132 (0.115 ± 0.012). Stalk zooids (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562655130BF7F8FC88D6F80C" box="[654,668,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 4): ZL 0.543–0.628 (0.583 ± 0.035); PeL 0.142–0.211 (0.172 ± 0.029); PeD 0.135–0.148 (0.141 ± 0.006); ApL 0.113–0.128 (0.122 ± 0.006); ApW 0.103–0.123 (0.112 ± 0.009).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8EC3667A5627551209EEF8D68E3CF868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437869/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[151,250,1886,1908]" targetBox="[175,1419,193,1877]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25627551209EEF8D68E3CF868" blockId="21.[151,1436,1886,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05627551209EEF8D68B6AF8F3" bold="true" box="[151,288,1886,1908]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D7156275512085EF8E88846F8F3" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik, 2018" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[295,524,1886,1909]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE056275512085EF8E88846F8F3" box="[295,524,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Discantenna metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562755120B6AF8D68806F8F3" bold="true" box="[531,588,1886,1908]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3FB579B562755120B6AF8D68806F8F3" box="[531,588,1886,1908]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype and paratype colonies. A–D, holotype, ZIRAS 1/50675; E–I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562755120835F8F58B14F814" bold="true" box="[332,350,1917,1939]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A</emphasis>
|
||
, apical and
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE056275512089BF8F58BB9F814" bold="true" box="[482,499,1917,1939]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">B</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral views of colony;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562755120A7DF8F5895CF814" bold="true" box="[772,790,1917,1939]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562755120A5FF8F58972F814" bold="true" box="[806,824,1917,1939]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">D</emphasis>
|
||
, same, edge of disk, respectively showing peristomes and differentiating zooids;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562755120805F8148BC7F835" bold="true" box="[380,397,1948,1970]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral view of colony showing numerous stalk zooids;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562755120ABFF8148999F835" bold="true" box="[966,979,1948,1970]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F</emphasis>
|
||
, autozooidal peristome near top of stalk with calcified terminal diaphragm;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05627551208B5F8338B97F856" bold="true" box="[460,477,1979,2001]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">G</emphasis>
|
||
, underside of part of capitulum seen in E;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562755120AECF83389E3F856" bold="true" box="[917,937,1979,2001]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H</emphasis>
|
||
, part of stalk with short peristomes and terminal diaphragms;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562755120863F8518B6EF868" bold="true" box="[282,292,2009,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">I</emphasis>
|
||
, margin of capitulum seen in E. Scale bars: A–E, 500 µm; F, 150 µm; G–I, 250 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="8EC3667A5624551109EEF97D8981F866" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" targetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25624551109EEF97D8981F866" blockId="22.[151,1436,1781,2017]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05624551109EEF97D8B54F88C" bold="true" box="[151,286,1781,1803]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D7156245511085CF97E8840F88C" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik, 2018" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[293,522,1781,1803]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE056245511085CF97E8840F88C" box="[293,522,1781,1803]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Discantenna metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110B68F97D8800F88C" bold="true" box="[529,586,1781,1803]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3FB579B562455110B68F97D8800F88C" box="[529,586,1781,1803]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110C47F89B8F1AF8AE" bold="true" box="[1342,1360,1811,1833]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110B0EF8BA88C2F8CF" bold="true" box="[631,648,1842,1864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110BEFF8BA88E2F8CF" bold="true" box="[662,680,1842,1864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110C7DF8BA8F5CF8CF" bold="true" box="[1284,1302,1842,1864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110C5DF8BA8F7FF8CF" bold="true" box="[1316,1333,1842,1864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
|
||
, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110B5BF8D98865F8E0" bold="true" box="[546,559,1873,1895]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110B38F8D98818F8E0" bold="true" box="[577,594,1873,1895]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G</emphasis>
|
||
, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110844F8E78B1BF802" bold="true" box="[317,337,1903,1925]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE056245511081BF8E78B26F802" bold="true" box="[354,364,1903,1925]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">I</emphasis>
|
||
, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110A5EF8E7897EF802" bold="true" box="[807,820,1903,1925]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">J</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110A3FF8E78912F802" bold="true" box="[838,856,1903,1925]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">N</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110872F8068B55F823" bold="true" box="[267,287,1934,1956]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">K</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110854F8068B0BF823" bold="true" box="[301,321,1934,1956]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">O</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110C70F8068F50F823" bold="true" box="[1289,1306,1934,1956]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">L</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110C51F8068F0AF823" bold="true" box="[1320,1344,1934,1956]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M</emphasis>
|
||
, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110A2DF825892BF844" bold="true" box="[852,865,1965,1987]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562455110A09F82589CEF844" bold="true" box="[880,900,1965,1987]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Q</emphasis>
|
||
, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25625551009BEFF10894BFE0F" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<typeStatus id="050788505625551009BEFF108B63FF37" box="[199,297,152,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
1, ZIRAS 2/50676 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562555100B6FFF1F88DDFF37" box="[534,663,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[175,1419,193,1877]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Holotype and paratype colonies. A–D, holotype, ZIRAS 1/50675; E–I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676. A, apical and B, lateral views of colony; C, D, same, edge of disk, respectively showing peristomes and differentiating zooids; E, lateral view of colony showing numerous stalk zooids; F, autozooidal peristome near top of stalk with calcified terminal diaphragm; G, underside of part of capitulum seen in E; H, part of stalk with short peristomes and terminal diaphragms; I, margin of capitulum seen in E. Scale bars: A–E, 500 µm; F, 150 µm; G–I, 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437869/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 10E–I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562555100BDCFF10897EFF37" box="[677,820,152,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11C, E, H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
): Colony height 4.94. Stalk: height (substrate to disk) 3.57, cross-section (narrowest, near ancestrula) 0.45 × 0.33, cross-section at junction with disk 0.58 × 0.38. Disk zooids (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE056255510098AFF698B4BFF7F" box="[243,257,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5): ZL 0.995–1.731 (1.342 ± 0.261); PeL 0.358–0.818 (0.456 ± 0.202); PeD 0.133–0.152 (0.143 ± 0.007); ApL 0.151–0.178 (0.164 ± 0.012); ApW 0.118–0.136 (0.130 ± 0.006). Stalk zooids (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562555100C76FE8D8F57FE9B" box="[1295,1309,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 4): ZL 0.698–0.953 (0.834 ± 0.126); PeL 0.078–0.103 (0.092 ± 0.010); PeD 0.138–0.161 (0.150 ± 0.011); ApL 0.128–0.147 (0.136 ± 0.008); ApW 0.122–0.130 (0.126 ± 0.003). Gonozooid (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562555100D58FEC58E65FEE3" box="[1057,1071,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1): GZL 0.406; GZW 0.483; GZH 0.352; OsL 0.114; OsD 0.117–0.077; OpD 0.067.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25625551009BEFE1D8B23FE57" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562555100B6BFE1C88F5FE2B" box="[530,703,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[261,1332,193,1768]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Paratype and other colonies. A, B, D, F, G, paratype 2, ZIRAS 3/50702; C, E, H, I, paratype 1, ZIRAS 2/50676; J, L, N, P, specimen YMG4–06, Stn 69; K, M, O, Q, specimen GLD4–08, Stn 151. A, fertile colony with broken base and small capitulum; B, D, same, showing gonozooid in frontal and apertural views; C, E, a second gonozooid with longer ooeciostome; F, G, high- and lower-magnification views of terminal diaphragm, showing skeletal microstructure; H, I, ooeciopores of gonozooid in C and E; J, N, lateral and apical views of colony with small lobate capitulum; K, O, lateral and apical views of another colony with a small capitulum that is more symmetrical; L, M, parts of stalks with short autozooidal peristomes and terminal diaphragms; P, Q, proximal parts of two colonies in post-ancestrular region. Scale bars: A, J, K, N, O, 250 µm; B–E, L, M, P, Q, 100 µm; F–I, 25 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437871/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11A, B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
): Gonozooid (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562555100A18FE1D8925FE2B" box="[865,879,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1): GZL 0.337; GZW 0.561; GZH 0.294; OpL 0.072; OpD 0.078.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8EC3667A5625551009EEF8A58E03F85B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" startId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" targetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F25625551009EEF8A58E03F85B" blockId="23.[151,1436,1837,2012]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE05625551009EEF8A58B6EF8C4" bold="true" box="[151,292,1837,1859]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562555100857F8A6885DF8C4" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik, 2018" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[302,535,1837,1859]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562555100857F8A6885DF8C4" box="[302,535,1837,1859]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Discantenna metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562555100B5BF8A5882AF8C4" bold="true" box="[546,608,1837,1859]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3FB579B562555100B5BF8A5882AF8C4" box="[546,608,1837,1859]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562555100DC0F8C48EA0F8E5" bold="true" box="[1209,1258,1868,1890]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A–D</emphasis>
|
||
, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562555100BF5F80188F7F818" bold="true" box="[652,701,1929,1951]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">E–H</emphasis>
|
||
, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562555100826F8208BCDF839" bold="true" box="[351,391,1960,1982]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">I–L</emphasis>
|
||
, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F2562A551F09BEFF108E6FFF37" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,645]" box="[199,1061,151,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Non-type specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42872A77562A551F0BECFF1F896BFF37" box="[661,801,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,517,1816]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Discantenna metallica n. sp. Progressive stages of development of ancestrulate and young colonies. A–D, specimen YMG4–14, Stn 358; E–H, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 224; I–L, specimen GLD4–11, Stn 207. A–D, rotational views (respectively frontal, distolateral, lateral, proximal) of newly formed colony with ancestrular zooid and developing daughter peristome; note developing kenozooids in B; E–H, similar views of a slightly older colony with further kenozooidal development in F; I–L, apical and profile views of an older colony (ancestrular protoecium missing) with a definite stalk underway and peristomes opening all around it. Scale bars: A–H, J, 100 µm; I, K, L, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437873/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
): AnPeD 0.115 (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0AA2FF1189A3FF37" box="[987,1001,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="92A66579562A551F09BEFF3489A5FDBA" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F2562A551F09BEFF3489A5FDBA" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F09BEFF348B71FF52" bold="true" box="[199,315,188,213]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F083DFF358809FF52" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik, 2018" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[324,579,188,213]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F083DFF358809FF52" box="[324,579,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Discantenna metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0B35FF3488C7FF52" bold="true" box="[588,653,188,213]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3FB579B562A551F0B35FF3488C7FF52" box="[588,653,188,213]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is only the second known species. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="05078850562A551F0D22FF358EC1FF52" box="[1115,1163,189,213]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0D8FFF358F2AFF52" authorityName="Gordon & Taylor" authorityYear="2010" box="[1270,1376,188,213]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="tumba">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0D8FFF358F2AFF52" box="[1270,1376,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. tumba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was described from
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562A551F0833FF688B92FF70" box="[330,472,224,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" metricValueMax="1.097" metricValueMin="0.943" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1020.0" valueMax="1097.0" valueMin="943.0">943–1097 m</quantity>
|
||
depth on the Chatham Rise,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A2AB7662562A551F0A5FFF688988FF7F" box="[806,962,223,248]" name="New Zealand" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Inter alia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0D3AFF698E85FF7F" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[1091,1231,223,248]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0D3AFF698E85FF7F" box="[1091,1231,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from it by achieving a larger colony size (>
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562A551F0B68FE8C8819FE9B" box="[529,595,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
high and wide,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0A70FE8C8957FE9B" box="[777,797,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">cf</emphasis>
|
||
. <
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562A551F0A3DFE8C89D1FE9B" box="[836,923,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
high and wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0D11FE8D8E98FE9A" authorityName="Gordon & Taylor" authorityYear="2010" box="[1128,1234,260,285]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="tumba">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0D11FE8D8E98FE9A" box="[1128,1234,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. tumba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) with many more peristomes in the elevated disk (~52,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0B3EFEA08811FEC7" box="[583,603,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">cf</emphasis>
|
||
. ~24) having a diameter up to
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562A551F0ABCFEA08E61FEB8" box="[965,1067,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0D44FEA08E1BFEC7" box="[1085,1105,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">cf</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562A551F0D1BFEA08E86FEC7" box="[1122,1228,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Whereas tubular peristomes are arranged along only the frontal side of the stem in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0A0FFEC58994FEE2" authorityName="Gordon & Taylor" authorityYear="2010" box="[886,990,332,357]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="tumba">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0A0FFEC58994FEE2" box="[886,990,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. tumba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with the abfrontal side pseudoporous), such peristomes alternate around the stem in a spiral pattern in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0A2DFEF98997FE0F" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[852,989,367,392]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0A2DFEF98997FE0F" box="[852,989,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Stem peristomes are short in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0C54FEF98FDFFE0F" authorityName="Gordon & Taylor" authorityYear="2010" box="[1325,1429,367,392]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="tumba">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0C54FEF98FDFFE0F" box="[1325,1429,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. tumba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be quite elongate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F08A6FE1D8821FE2A" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[479,619,404,429]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F08A6FE1D8821FE2A" box="[479,619,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, some exceeding the radius of the disk. Interestingly, even though disk size is bigger in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0836FE318B93FE57" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[335,473,439,464]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0836FE318B93FE57" box="[335,473,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only specimens with a gonozooid had incompletely developed capitula. Whereas the incubation chamber in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F08BBFE558860FE72" authorityName="Gordon & Taylor" authorityYear="2010" box="[450,554,476,501]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="tumba">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F08BBFE558860FE72" box="[450,554,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. tumba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is set back from the edge of the capitulum, that in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0D1DFE558EA4FE72" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[1124,1262,476,501]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0D1DFE558EA4FE72" box="[1124,1262,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
projects a little from the margin, with the ooeciostome outermost. The gonozooid in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0ABBFD898E1AFD9F" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik, 2018" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Melnik" authorityYear="2018" box="[962,1104,511,536]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Plagioeciidae" genus="Discantenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="metallica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0ABBFD898E1AFD9F" box="[962,1104,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D. metallica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F0D25FE778ED4FD9F" bold="true" box="[1116,1182,511,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3FB579B562A551F0D25FE778ED4FD9F" box="[1116,1182,511,536]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
resembles that in the following new genus and species, which we attribute to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DBC4D71562A551F0A4DFDAC89A1FDBA" authorityName="Canu" authorityYear="1918" box="[820,1003,548,573]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Oncousoeciidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Oncousoeciidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="92A66579562A551F09BEFDCF884FFD03" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA0336F2562A551F09BEFDCF884FFD03" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8C8EAE0562A551F09BEFDCF8B2AFDE7" bold="true" box="[199,352,583,608]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Recorded from 10 stations within coordinates 12.55585–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BF885035562A551F0A8DFDCF8ECDFDD8" box="[1012,1159,583,608]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="1" value="14.37702">14.37702° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 129.08458–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BF885035562A551F0C65FDCF8AF8FD03" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="1" value="-134.51227">134.51227° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, at depth range
|
||
<quantity id="1D449B17562A551F081BFDE4884AFD03" box="[354,512,620,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9765" metricValueMax="5.2379999999999995" metricValueMin="4.715" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="4976.5" valueMax="5238.0" valueMin="4715.0">4715–5238 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |