197 lines
23 KiB
XML
197 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="A4BF979AF0AA03C47F35EE443D3631C7" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.203816" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ee54eab7-bca2-4d95-9496-ca2110bae795" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="203816" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460236135633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Saether, Ole A." docDate="2011" docId="2E62017168660B35FF19FF7A550D55E4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02760p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2760" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Glyptotendipes (Glyptotendipes) lobiferus Say" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="D25B790968610B32FF8EFFED573D5354" masterDocTitle="Glyptotendipes Kieffer and Demeijerea Kruseman from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with the description of four new species (Diptera: Chironomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698239608392" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5FD85AF8D16059136C38342189959F8B">
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<mods:title id="95C054967490621B95CD9E0F02F2D89F">Glyptotendipes Kieffer and Demeijerea Kruseman from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with the description of four new species (Diptera: Chironomidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="89374B96BFC75D8B54591CD36975B8A5">Saether, Ole A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="21142D44E65561450EAF3B4E74A984BB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4B367EE11F47E79FB1F6D01EA897875F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="212836DC709E10F348AF7AD7B9C90F26">
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<mods:date id="C2ADA3ECB73E5A4A1CC55A24A5B4CA9C">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="92B90B9F986B761EF7FF90EE2A4268BF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="296ED19AAABF92DCE3196A0AB00F1559">2760</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D3CA7177E13645763872DADCA3E437A4">39</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="A838C4DBFFFED29DEBDFE5FC9A12A40D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A19459B9A9BE1B805BB47E042151C113" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.203816</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3D3CF27C057C684EC407B10C1F11AF46" type="GBIF-Dataset">ee54eab7-bca2-4d95-9496-ca2110bae795</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B15DDB6D9124CE24A260AD293AA69189" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="90B0D4C20F9FDB7E35C764D358A12A5C" type="Zenodo-Dep">203816</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2E62017168660B35FF19FF7A550D55E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6183741" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119388266" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6183741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E62017168660B35FF19FF7A550D55E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E62017168660B35FF19FF7A550D55E4" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="EED1E3EC68660B35FF19FF7A56195386" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A674B06768660B35FF19FF7A55EE53E5" blockId="7.[151,723,151,210]" box="[151,723,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="FD3C070B68660B35FF19FF7A55EE53E5" bold="true" box="[151,723,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FF19FF7A55EE53E5" ID-CoL="8C865" authority="Say" authorityName="Say" box="[151,723,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus" subGenus="Glyptotendipes">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FF19FF7A55EE53E5" bold="true" box="[151,723,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FF19FF7A55B653E5" bold="true" box="[151,651,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Glyptotendipes (Glyptotendipes) lobiferus</emphasis>
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(Say)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A674B06768660B35FF19FF5756195386" blockId="7.[151,723,151,210]" box="[151,292,186,210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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(
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<figureCitation id="3EF0ACE268660B35FF11FF5757DF5386" box="[159,226,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[192,1378,212,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[180,1406,193,1865]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Glyptotendipes (Glyptotendipes) spp. A – C. G. (G.) paripes (Edwards); A – hypopygium; B – female genitalia, ventral view; C – lobes of gonapophysis, apodeme lobe (ApL), ventrolateral lobe (two views) (VlL) and dorsomesal lobe (DmL). D – F. G. (G.) lobiferus (Say); D – hypopygium; E – female genitalia, ventral view; F – lobes of gonapophysis, apodeme lobe (ApL), ventrolateral lobe (VlL) and dorsomesal lobe (DmL)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203819/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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D–F)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EED1E3EC68660B35FF19FEEF52A0551C" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A674B06768660B35FF19FEEF556852D6" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FF19FEEF56BF524F" bold="true" box="[151,386,258,283]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="DEDCF0F768660B35FE05FEEF553A524E" box="[395,519,258,282]" name="Canada" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">CANADA</collectingCountry>
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: Manitoba, Lake Winnipeg, Victoria Beach,
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FB88FEEF5353524E" box="[1030,1134,258,282]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="male">12 males</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="D27596A768660B35FBF2FEEF53C4524E" box="[1148,1273,258,282]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="1969-07-09">9.vii. 1969</date>
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; Pine Dock,
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FA00FEEF57E65269" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="D27596A768660B35FF67FEC856495269" box="[233,372,293,317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="1969-07-10">10.vii. 1969</date>
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; Gull Harbour,
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FDA7FEC855B95269" box="[553,644,293,317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FD1CFEC8543E5269" box="[658,771,293,317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="D27596A768660B35FC9EFEC854A15269" box="[784,924,293,317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="1969-07-16">16.vii. 1969</date>
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; Gimli Government Wharf,
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FB6FFEC8527A5269" box="[1249,1351,293,317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="D27596A768660B35FADAFEC857EF520B" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="1969-07-24">24.vii. 1969</date>
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;
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<quantity id="61331D8268660B35FF6EFEAA5626520B" box="[224,283,327,351]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
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off George Island,
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FE73FEAA555A520B" box="[509,615,327,351]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="male">16 males</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="D27596A768660B35FDFBFEAA543C520B" box="[629,769,327,351]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="1969-07-27">27.vii. 1969</date>
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; Grand Rapids Government Wharf,
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FB2CFEAA53C0520B" box="[1186,1277,327,351]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="D27596A768660B35FA85FEAA52AA520B" box="[1291,1431,327,351]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="1969-07-28">28.vii. 1969</date>
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; McBeth Harbour,
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FEECFE87568652D6" box="[354,443,362,386]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="D27596A768660B35FE48FE87556D52D6" box="[454,592,362,386]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="1969-07-30">30.vii. 1969</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A674B06768660B35FF4BFE60522751EE" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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When examining specimens of what was assumed to be this species, it was discovered that there apparently were three sibling species occurring together in Lake Winnipeg. At first it was thought that two of them might be merely male intersexes caused by mermithid infections. However, the "normal" males conforming to previously described
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FE85FE1B56B35159" box="[267,398,501,525]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FE85FE1B56B35159" box="[267,398,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. lobiferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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usually had a higher number of sensilla chaetica on the legs, not a lower number as would have been the case had the "unnormal" males represented intersexes (
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<bibRefCitation id="C25ACD9668660B35FC4AFDFA53CF517B" author="Saether" box="[964,1266,535,559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="51" refString="Saether, O. A. & Galloway, T. D. (1980) Sexual anomalies in Chironomini (Chironomidae: Diptera) from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, with observations on mermithid (Nematoda) parasites. Acta Universitas Carolinae, 1978, 193 - 211." type="journal article" year="1980">Saether & Galloway 1980</bibRefCitation>
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). Furthermore, nematodes were never found inside the imagines. One of the three sibling species
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FBA1FDD657D75121" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sensilis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Glyptotendipes">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FBA1FDD652AE5107" box="[1071,1427,571,595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Glyptotendipes (Glyptotendipes</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FF19FDB057D75121" box="[151,234,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">sensilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FF7EFDB056135121" bold="true" box="[240,302,605,629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8F8CD10E68660B35FF7EFDB056135121" box="[240,302,605,629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, was relatively easily separable. The other two (including
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FC36FDB353075121" box="[952,1082,605,629]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FC36FDB353075121" box="[952,1082,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. lobiferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), however, were overlapping in all characters. Therefore a statistical computer analysis was initiated by the author and performed by Dr. R.H. Green, Department of Zoology, University of Manitoba. Eleven characters were used on
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FBF5FD4F522851EE" box="[1147,1301,674,698]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="generic">41 specimens</specimenCount>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A674B06768660B35FF49FD2856B3579C" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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First a straight hierarchical classification using Ward's clustering method was done. Two different allocation procedures were used, one starting from the three group solution of Ward's clustering method, the other a random allocation into three groups. A principal components analysis showed that all specimens with 100% efficiency could be allocated into the two groups using an index of weighted values of the 11 characters. One of the
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<specimenCount id="B0CD7BEE68660B35FAB8FCC057EF503C" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="generic">41 specimens</specimenCount>
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had a 5% probability of having been incorrectly classified, while one other had a probability of 1%. The remaining all had a 100% probability of having been correctly classified. The optimal discriminant function was: - 0.02432184 total length + 1.61533684 total length/profemur + 0.52223190 AR + 0.01362620 dorsocentrals + 0.05081318 prealars - 0.06179725 parascutellars + 0.00603972 scutellars + 0.01182867 setae on squama - 0.00197175 sensilla chaetica on p2 + 0.04968852 sensilla chaetica on p3 + 0.17558169 HR - 8.17067772. If this function comes out positive the specimen is
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FD18FBED54E3574C" box="[662,990,1024,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus" subGenus="Glyptotendipes">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FD18FBED54E3574C" box="[662,990,1024,1048]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Glyptotendipes (G.) lobiferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, if it comes out negative the specimen belongs to
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FE9AFBCE56D4576F" box="[276,489,1059,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paulisensus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Glyptotendipes">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FE9AFBCE56D4576F" box="[276,489,1059,1083]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. (G.) paulisensus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8F8CD10E68660B35FE7FFBCE5513576E" box="[497,558,1059,1082]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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The ranges and means of the eleven characters in
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FBE3FBCE53CC576F" box="[1133,1265,1059,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FBE3FBCE53CC576F" box="[1133,1265,1059,1083]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. lobiferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were (n = 24): Total length 3.9–5.0,
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<quantity id="61331D8268660B35FE0BFBA856D15709" box="[389,492,1093,1117]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="4.27">4.27 mm</quantity>
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; Total length/length of profemur 2.68–2.95, 2.79; AR 3.85–4.60, 4.24; dorsocentrals 34–52, 40; prealars 7–15, 12.0; supraalars 1–4, 2.1; setae on scutellum 35–61, 48; setae on squama 28–45, 36; sensilla chaetica on p
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<date id="D27596A768660B35FEEBFB77568057F6" box="[357,445,1162,1192]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="1944-11-02">2 11–44</date>
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, 27.6; sensilla chaetica on ta1 of p3 0–3, 0.42; HR 0.95–1.20, 1.09. The hypopygium is illustrated in
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<figureCitation id="3EF0ACE268660B35FEA4FB5D5651579C" box="[298,364,1200,1224]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[192,1378,212,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[180,1406,193,1865]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Glyptotendipes (Glyptotendipes) spp. A – C. G. (G.) paripes (Edwards); A – hypopygium; B – female genitalia, ventral view; C – lobes of gonapophysis, apodeme lobe (ApL), ventrolateral lobe (two views) (VlL) and dorsomesal lobe (DmL). D – F. G. (G.) lobiferus (Say); D – hypopygium; E – female genitalia, ventral view; F – lobes of gonapophysis, apodeme lobe (ApL), ventrolateral lobe (VlL) and dorsomesal lobe (DmL)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203819/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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D.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A674B06768660B35FF4BFB3E52A0551C" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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There also appeared to be 2
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<typeStatus id="79700EC568660B35FD88FB39557C57B8" box="[518,577,1236,1260]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">types</typeStatus>
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of females, one with 10–12 setae on gonocoxite IX and a narrow ventrolateral lobe, another with 4–5 setae on gonocoxite IX and a broader ventrolateral lobe. It is assumed that the first
|
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<typeStatus id="79700EC568660B35FAE5FB1B52A6565A" box="[1387,1435,1270,1294]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
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belongs to
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FE9FFAF456F95664" box="[273,452,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus" subGenus="Glyptotendipes">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FE9FFAF456F95664" box="[273,452,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. (G.) lobiferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the second to
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<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FD1BFAF4545B5664" box="[661,870,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paulisensus" subGenus="Glyptotendipes">
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FD1BFAF4545B5664" box="[661,870,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. (G.) paulisensus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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because of the somewhat higher chaetotaxy of the former. The females of
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<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FE2AFAD1556A5607" box="[420,599,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. (G.) l o b i f e r u s</emphasis>
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have (n = 2): Total length
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<quantity id="61331D8268660B35FC01FAD654D75607" box="[911,1002,1339,1363]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, total length/length of profemur 2.70– 2.91, AR 0.43–0.47, 55–81 dorsocentrals, 9–11 prealars, 1–2 supraalars, 20 scutellum with 44 setae, squama with 46–65 setae, 58–61 sensilla chaetica on ta1 of p2, 37 sensilla chaetica on ta1 of p3, 10–12 setae on each gonocoxite IX, 88 setae on T IX, 15–20 setae on each side of segment X, 250–252 µm long notum, 16–20 µm wide ventrolateral lobe, 54–60 µm long apodeme lobe, and 200–203 µm long semimal capsules. The female genitalia, are illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="3EF0ACE268660B35FF77FA0656065557" box="[249,315,1515,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[192,1378,212,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[180,1406,193,1865]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Glyptotendipes (Glyptotendipes) spp. A – C. G. (G.) paripes (Edwards); A – hypopygium; B – female genitalia, ventral view; C – lobes of gonapophysis, apodeme lobe (ApL), ventrolateral lobe (two views) (VlL) and dorsomesal lobe (DmL). D – F. G. (G.) lobiferus (Say); D – hypopygium; E – female genitalia, ventral view; F – lobes of gonapophysis, apodeme lobe (ApL), ventrolateral lobe (VlL) and dorsomesal lobe (DmL)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203819/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E, F (from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C25ACD9668660B35FE33FA0655745557" author="Saether" box="[445,585,1515,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="51" refString="Saether, O. A. (1977) Female genitalia in Chironomidae and other Nematocera: morphology, phylogenies, keys. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 197, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1977">Saether 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
fig. 80 E, F). There still is the possibility that the two species only represent a dimorphic population of
|
||
<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FE47F9E355685572" box="[457,597,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FE47F9E3556C5572" box="[457,593,1550,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus">G. lobiferus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
However, the distribution in the light traps, where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FB2CF9E3521B5572" box="[1186,1318,1550,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FB2CF9E3521B5572" box="[1186,1318,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. lobiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is present alone in several samples while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FE7EF9DC55AC551C" box="[496,657,1584,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paulisensus">
|
||
<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FE7EF9DC55AC551C" box="[496,657,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. paulisensus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly dominant in others, make this a highly unlikely proposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EED1E3EC68660B35FF4BF9BF550D55E4" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="A674B06768660B35FF4BF9BF550D55E4" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FF4BF9BF56D2553F" bold="true" box="[197,495,1618,1643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FE78F9B95549553F" box="[502,628,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. l o b i f e r u s</emphasis>
|
||
is known from all over North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DEDCF0F768660B35FC44F9BE5317553F" box="[970,1066,1619,1643]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C25ACD9668660B35FBB7F9BE53E9553F" author="Townes" box="[1081,1236,1619,1643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Townes, H. K. (1945) The Nearctic species of Tendipedini (Diptera, Tendipedidae (= Chironomidae )). American Midland Naturalist, 34, 1 - 206." type="journal article" year="1945">Townes 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 143,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C25ACD9668660B35FA98F9BE57EE55D9" author="Oliver" pageId="7" pageNumber="51" refString="Oliver, D. R., Dillon, M. E. and Cranston, P. S. (1990) A catalog of Nearctic Chironomidae. Research Branch Agriculture Canada Publication, 1857 / B, 89 pp." type="book" year="1990">
|
||
Oliver
|
||
<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FAEAF9B952A1553F" box="[1380,1436,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1990
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 47). In view of the presence of at least 3 sibling species in a species agglomerate keying to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="61CBCBE468660B35FB5DF99B526955DA" box="[1235,1364,1654,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Glyptotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="94BF6C7568660B35FB5DF99B526955DA" box="[1235,1364,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">G. lobiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, the records need re-examining.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |