269 lines
35 KiB
XML
269 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="27DCA2918E484EEF5A68FCF9DA853E62" ID-CLB-Dataset="54686" ID-DOI="10.24199/j.mmv.2022.81.02" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bce2e984-6eeb-4f74-8e07-08e4345afb21" ID-ISSN="1447-2554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8065415" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1687358247783" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="McSweeney, Fearghus R., Shimeta, Jeff & Buckeridge, John St J. S." docDate="2022" docId="2C0187B4FF9DFFEDFC826FF65C1DFCA2" docLanguage="en" docName="MemMusVictoria.81.25-41.pdf" docOrigin="Memoirs of Museum Victoria 81" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2022.81.02" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5B3B5C052A93BFEEE334AD6097A94E45.1:MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="5B3B5C052A93BFEEE334AD6097A94E45" docStyleName="MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Zosterophyllum fertile Leclercq 1942" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="D038FFCCFF9EFFE9FFB36F135865FF91" masterDocTitle="Lower Devonian Zosterophyllum-like plants from central Victoria, Australia, and their significance" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1687953938987" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="5EAC7D2ACE2D4CC29C3F945F50CA6653">Lower Devonian Zosterophyllum-like plants from central Victoria, Australia, and their significance</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D0CC21F3209FE2BF52490B031F9E8E4F">Shimeta, Jeff</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="62B9E8E7E7C98D7E506B36C540A554E3">Buckeridge, John St J. S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="2C0187B4FF9DFFEDFC826FF65C1DFCA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8083025" ID-GBIF-Taxon="210477350" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8083025" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C0187B4FF9DFFEDFC826FF65C1DFCA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2C0187B4FF9DFFEDFC826FF65C1DFCA2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="ECB26529FF9DFFEAFC826FF65CBBFF6B" box="[817,1246,229,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9DFFEAFC826FF65CBBFF6B" blockId="3.[817,1246,229,251]" box="[817,1246,229,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="FF5F81CEFF9DFFEAFC826FF65CBBFF6B" bold="true" box="[817,1246,229,251]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFC826FF65CBBFF6B" bold="true" box="[817,1246,229,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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cf.
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<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9DFFEAFCE26FF65CBBFF6B" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[849,1246,229,251]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFCE26FF65C59FF6A" bold="true" box="[849,1084,229,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Zosterophyllum fertile</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9DFFEAFBF16FF65CBBFF6B" author="Leclercq, S." box="[1090,1246,229,250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref12114" refString="Leclercq, S. 1942. Quelques plantes fossiles recueillies dans le Devonien inferiere des environs de Nonceveux (bordure orientale du bassin di Dinant). Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique 65: 193 - 211. (French)" type="journal article" year="1942">Leclercq, 1942</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ECB26529FF9DFFEDFC826E025C1DFCA2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9DFFEAFC826E025BCFFEB6" blockId="3.[817,938,273,295]" box="[817,938,273,295]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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<figureCitation id="3C932A27FF9DFFEAFC826E025BCFFEB6" box="[817,938,273,295]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[140,200,1804,1823]" captionTargetBox="[141,1440,1304,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-590@4.[141,1440,1304,1787]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. cf. Z. fertile, from the Wilson Creek Shale Formation on Frenchmans Spur, 10 km west of Matlock: a, part (NMV P50040.1); b, line drawing of partial spike. Abx = abaxial valve, Adx = adaxial valve, Q =?poorly preserved sporangium, P = stalk, which is normal to the fertile axis before turning upwards. Central arrows pointing to lobes; c, counterpart (NMV P50040.2). Note. Counterpart image reversed to be in the same orientation as the part." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8065421" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8065421/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Figure 3a–c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9DFFEAFC826E2E5C72FEFB" blockId="3.[817,1448,317,363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFC826E2E5B8EFEC1" box="[817,1003,317,336]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Material examined</emphasis>
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. NMV P50040.1 and P50040.2, part and counterpart, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9DFFEAFC826E915D47FE7E" blockId="3.[817,1448,386,495]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFC826E915BE1FE06" box="[817,900,386,407]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Locality</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="14C03CFFFF9DFFEAFC226E915D78FE7E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4135839301" county="Big River" location="Matlock" municipality="River Road" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Victoria">
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Occurs on a road cutting on Frenchmans Spur Track, approximately midway between
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<collectingCounty id="4D764E2EFF9DFFEAFBCD6E8C5C84FE24" box="[1150,1249,415,437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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Big
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<collectingMunicipality id="4473ACD8FF9DFFEAFB196E8C5C84FE24" box="[1194,1249,415,437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">River</collectingMunicipality>
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</collectingCounty>
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Road to the northnorth-west, Warburton Road to the east and Frenchmans Spur Track,
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFCCB6ECB5BE3FE7E" box="[888,902,472,495]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">∼</emphasis>
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<quantity id="63509B47FF9DFFEAFC376ECA5BA1FE7E" box="[900,964,473,495]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
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west of
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<location id="A1776079FF9DFFEAFBA96ECA5C14FE7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C0187B4FF9DFFEDFC826FF65C1DFCA2:A1776079FF9DFFEAFBA96ECA5C14FE7E" box="[1050,1137,473,495]" county="Big River" municipality="River Road" name="Matlock" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" stateProvince="Victoria">Matlock</location>
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, central
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<collectingRegion id="666CF840FF9DFFEAFB746ECA5D78FE7E" box="[1223,1309,473,495]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Victoria</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9DFFEAFC826D155C24FDC4" blockId="3.[817,1448,517,597]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFC826D155B8FFD8A" box="[817,1002,517,539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Horizon and age</emphasis>
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. Wilson Creek Shale Formation, middle Pragian–Emsian, Lower Devonian (
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<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9DFFEAFB146D315DC1FDA9" author="Carey, S. P. & Bolger, P. F." box="[1191,1444,546,568]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="73 - 86" refId="ref10593" refString="Carey, S. P., and Bolger, P. F. 1995. Conodonts of disparate Lower Devonian zones, Wilson Creek Shale, Tyers-Walhalla area, Victoria, Australia. Alcheringa 19 (1): 73 - 86." type="journal article" year="1995">Carey and Bolger, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9DFFEAFC826D535C53FDC4" author="Mawson, R. & Talent, J. A." box="[817,1078,575,597]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="31 - 70" refId="ref12271" refString="Mawson, R., and Talent, J. A. 1994. Age of an Early Devonian carbonate fan and isolated limestone clasts and megaclasts, East-Central Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 106: 31 - 70." type="journal article" year="1994">Mawson and Talent, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9DFFEDFC826D7F5928FEC2" blockId="3.[816,1448,620,845]" lastBlockId="4.[140,772,229,339]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFC826D7F5BCCFD10" box="[817,937,620,641]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Description</emphasis>
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. The specimen consists of part and counterpart of one partial spike with basal and apical regions missing and preserved as a carbonised compression. The axis is
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFAFF6DB65D3FFD2D" box="[1356,1370,677,700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">∼</emphasis>
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1.0 mm wide and 10.0 mm long and unbranched, and the spike up to
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<quantity id="63509B47FF9DFFEAFA3B6DD05B3DFD64" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
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wide. Eight sporangia are borne alternately in two rows. The sporangia are attached by recurved stalks; some are perpendicular to
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9DFFEAFC546C0A5B90FCA1" box="[999,1013,793,816]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">∼</emphasis>
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60° to the fertile axis and curve sharply distally to at most 90°. The convex margins of some of the sporangia possess a thickened/darker/border, here interpreted as likely pertaining to dehiscence (fig. 3, sporangia 6, 7). An adaxially orientated basal lobe occurs on some sporangia (fig. 3b, central arrows).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F0D7662AFF9DFFEAFF2068525C28F8FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8065419" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8065419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8065419/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" startId="3.[147,207,1857,1876]" targetBox="[148,1447,919,1840]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9DFFEAFF2068525C28F8FF" blockId="3.[147,1448,1857,1902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
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Figure 2. Location of the Wilson Creek Shale outcrop on Frenchmans Spur Track, 10 km west of Matlock. Geological map showing the location of Frenchmans Spur outcrop at the star, north of Springs Creek. Source: Map after
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<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9DFFEAFC3068485C2CF8FF" author="Willman, C. E. & Taylor, D. H. & Morand, V. J. & VandenBerg, A. H. M." box="[899,1097,1883,1902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="50" refId="ref13432" refString="Willman, C. E., Taylor, D. H., Morand, V. J., and VandenBerg, A. H. M. 2006. Matlock 1: 50 000 geological map. Geological Survey of Victoria. GeoScience Victoria. Department of Primary Industries: Melbourne." type="journal article" year="2006">Willman et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9AFFEDFF3F6E795A3BFB43" blockId="4.[138,772,362,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFF3F6E795881FEEE" box="[140,228,362,383]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Remarks</emphasis>
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. The sporangia are in two rows with no clear demarcation between the attachment of the stalk and the basal region of the sporangia. The specimen bears some resemblance to Edwards’ (1969a: fig. 1b) South Wales
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<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFD906ED15AF2FE46" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[547,663,450,472]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFD906ED15A54FE46" box="[547,561,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
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. cf.
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFDE96ED15AF2FE46" box="[602,663,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">fertile</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Edwards’ (1969a) specimens are from the Old Red Sandstone Brecon Beacons and Llanover Quarries, South Wales (Pragian–Emsian Lower Devonian age) and were placed in
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<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFD836D095AC3FDBE" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[560,678,538,560]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFD836D095A5BFDBE" box="[560,574,538,559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
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. cf.
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFDD96D095AC3FDBE" box="[618,678,538,559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">fertile</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, because the original diagnosis was based on only a single specimen from
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<collectingCountry id="DCBF7632FF9AFFEDFF7B6D47597BFDFB" box="[200,286,596,618]" name="Belgium" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Belgium</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFE836D4759A9FDFB" author="Leclercq, S." box="[304,460,596,618]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref12114" refString="Leclercq, S. 1942. Quelques plantes fossiles recueillies dans le Devonien inferiere des environs de Nonceveux (bordure orientale du bassin di Dinant). Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique 65: 193 - 211. (French)" type="journal article" year="1942">Leclercq, 1942</bibRefCitation>
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) such that further specimens from both
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<collectingCountry id="DCBF7632FF9AFFEDFEB66D615927FD19" box="[261,322,626,648]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Wales</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="DCBF7632FF9AFFEDFE316D6159BDFD19" box="[386,472,626,648]" name="Belgium" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Belgium</collectingCountry>
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were thought necessary to determine specific affinity with confidence.
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<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFDD66D9C58AAFD53" author="Wellman, C. H. & Habgood, K. & Jenkins, G. & Richardson, J. B." pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="161 - 196" refId="ref13332" refString="Wellman, C. H. Habgood, K., Jenkins, G., and Richardson, J. B. 2000. A new plant assemblage (microfossil and megafossil) from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of the Anglo-Welsh Basin: its implication for the palaeoecology of early terrestrial ecosystems. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 109: 161 - 196." type="journal article" year="2000">Wellman et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded the earliest occurrence of
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<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFD806DBE5AC2FD50" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[563,679,684,706]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFD806DBE5A24FD53" box="[563,577,685,706]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
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||
. cf.
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<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFDD96DBF5AC2FD50" box="[618,679,684,705]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">fertile</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Anglo-Welsh Basin as being mid-Lochkovian (Lower Devonian). The fructification of Edwards’ (1969a) specimens, while incomplete, were 1.0 cm high and 3.0 mm wide, which is comparable in height but over two times smaller than the Victorian specimen, which reached
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFDB56C2C5A3DFCC5" box="[518,600,831,853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Edwards’ (1972)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFF626C4E594FFCE0" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[209,298,860,882]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFF626C4E594FFCE0" box="[209,298,860,882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z. fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also based on an incomplete spike but with a significant proportion preserved, was
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFDBF6C695A35FC1E" box="[524,592,890,911]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="cm" value="7.2">7.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
high and 3.0 mm wide, while Wellman et al.’s (2000)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFE426C845A00FC3D" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[497,613,919,941]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFE426C84599AFC3D" box="[497,511,919,940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
. cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFD9B6C845A00FC3D" box="[552,613,919,940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reached 2.0 cm in height and
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFEAA6CA7590DFC5B" box="[281,360,948,970]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Axial width for
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFDE06CA75B67FC5B" author="Leclercq, S." box="[595,770,948,970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref12114" refString="Leclercq, S. 1942. Quelques plantes fossiles recueillies dans le Devonien inferiere des environs de Nonceveux (bordure orientale du bassin di Dinant). Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique 65: 193 - 211. (French)" type="journal article" year="1942">Leclercq’s (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<typeStatus id="7B138800FF9AFFEDFF3F6CC25881FC76" box="[140,228,977,999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
measured 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFE386CC259B9FC76" box="[395,476,977,999]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and conforms to the Victorian specimen. However, the Victorian specimen’s axis, where visible, was found to be ~1.0 mm wide. The widest axial width for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFF4B6B395931FBAF" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[248,340,1065,1087]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFF4B6B395931FBAF" box="[248,340,1065,1087]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z. fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFE4A6B3A5AA0FBD1" author="Edwards, D." box="[505,709,1065,1088]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="77 - 83" refId="ref10869" refString="Edwards, D. 1972. A Zosterophyllum fructification from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Scotland. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 14: 77 - 83." type="journal article" year="1972">Edwards (1972: 78)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a specimen from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Forfar,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DCBF7632FF9AFFEDFF3F6B775882FBEB" box="[140,231,1124,1146]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Scotland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with an axial width of 3.0 mm, decreasing only slightly to
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFF486B92592EFB06" box="[251,331,1153,1175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, while the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFD396B915B67FB07" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[650,770,1153,1175]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFD396B915AF3FB06" box="[650,662,1154,1175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
. cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFD766B925B67FB07" box="[709,770,1153,1174]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Brecon Beacons Quarry, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFDE46B8C58DEFB43" author="Edwards, D." pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="923 - 931" refId="ref10811" refString="Edwards, D. 1969 a. Zosterophyllum from the Old Red Sandstone of South Wales. New Phytologist 68: 923 - 931." type="journal article" year="1969">Edwards (1969a: 924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, showed greater range,
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFE146BAF5A44FB40" box="[423,545,1212,1234]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9AFFEDFCFC6FF65DE1FEC4" blockId="4.[809,1442,229,819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The stalks for
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFC516FF65CE6FF6A" author="Leclercq, S." box="[994,1155,229,251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref12114" refString="Leclercq, S. 1942. Quelques plantes fossiles recueillies dans le Devonien inferiere des environs de Nonceveux (bordure orientale du bassin di Dinant). Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique 65: 193 - 211. (French)" type="journal article" year="1942">Leclercq (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFB3E6FF65D57FF6A" author="Edwards, D." box="[1165,1330,229,251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="923 - 931" refId="ref10811" refString="Edwards, D. 1969 a. Zosterophyllum from the Old Red Sandstone of South Wales. New Phytologist 68: 923 - 931." type="journal article" year="1969">Edwards (1969a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFA8F6FF65D0BFF6A" author="Edwards, D." box="[1340,1390,229,251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="77 - 83" refId="ref10869" refString="Edwards, D. 1972. A Zosterophyllum fructification from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Scotland. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 14: 77 - 83." type="journal article" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFC9A6E105C75FE88" author="Wellman, C. H. & Habgood, K. & Jenkins, G. & Richardson, J. B." box="[809,1040,259,281]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="161 - 196" refId="ref13332" refString="Wellman, C. H. Habgood, K., Jenkins, G., and Richardson, J. B. 2000. A new plant assemblage (microfossil and megafossil) from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of the Anglo-Welsh Basin: its implication for the palaeoecology of early terrestrial ecosystems. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 109: 161 - 196." type="journal article" year="2000">Wellman et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
range between
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFB0B6E105D5DFE88" box="[1208,1336,259,281]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFCE56E325BCFFEA6" box="[854,938,289,311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. The Victorian cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFB756E315D4DFEA7" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[1222,1320,289,311]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFB756E315D4DFEA7" box="[1222,1320,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z. fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stalks are broadly similar,
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFC626E2C5C29FEC5" box="[977,1100,319,341]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and up to
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFB436E2D5C9BFEC4" box="[1264,1278,318,341]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">∼</emphasis>
|
||
2.0 mm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9AFFEDFCFC6E4E5BB8FDF3" blockId="4.[809,1442,229,819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The sporangial shape in face view for the Victorian specimen is reniform (fig. 3, sporangium 8), similar to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFAF56E685BCCFE3E" author="Wellman, C. H. & Habgood, K. & Jenkins, G. & Richardson, J. B." pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="161 - 196" refId="ref13332" refString="Wellman, C. H. Habgood, K., Jenkins, G., and Richardson, J. B. 2000. A new plant assemblage (microfossil and megafossil) from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of the Anglo-Welsh Basin: its implication for the palaeoecology of early terrestrial ecosystems. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 109: 161 - 196." type="journal article" year="2000">Wellman et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFC4B6E8A5CF2FE3E" author="Leclercq, S." box="[1016,1175,409,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref12114" refString="Leclercq, S. 1942. Quelques plantes fossiles recueillies dans le Devonien inferiere des environs de Nonceveux (bordure orientale du bassin di Dinant). Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique 65: 193 - 211. (French)" type="journal article" year="1942">Leclercq (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described it as elongate– reniform, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFC096EA45C07FE5D" author="Edwards, D." box="[954,1122,438,461]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="923 - 931" refId="ref10811" refString="Edwards, D. 1969 a. Zosterophyllum from the Old Red Sandstone of South Wales. New Phytologist 68: 923 - 931." type="journal article" year="1969">Edwards (1969a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFB3D6EA45D63FE5D" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[1166,1286,439,461]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFB3D6EA45CC6FE5D" box="[1166,1187,439,460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFB786EA45D63FE5D" box="[1227,1286,439,460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described it as irregular. The sporangia examined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFB156EC75D27FE7A" author="Leclercq, S." box="[1190,1346,468,491]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref12114" refString="Leclercq, S. 1942. Quelques plantes fossiles recueillies dans le Devonien inferiere des environs de Nonceveux (bordure orientale du bassin di Dinant). Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique 65: 193 - 211. (French)" type="journal article" year="1942">Leclercq (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFAF86EC75B08FD99" author="Edwards, D." pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="923 - 931" refId="ref10811" refString="Edwards, D. 1969 a. Zosterophyllum from the Old Red Sandstone of South Wales. New Phytologist 68: 923 - 931." type="journal article" year="1969">Edwards (1969a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFCC46EE15BC2FD99" author="Edwards, D." box="[887,935,498,520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="77 - 83" refId="ref10869" refString="Edwards, D. 1972. A Zosterophyllum fructification from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Scotland. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 14: 77 - 83." type="journal article" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFC6D6EE15CD0FD99" author="Wellman, C. H. & Habgood, K. & Jenkins, G. & Richardson, J. B." box="[990,1205,498,520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="161 - 196" refId="ref13332" refString="Wellman, C. H. Habgood, K., Jenkins, G., and Richardson, J. B. 2000. A new plant assemblage (microfossil and megafossil) from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of the Anglo-Welsh Basin: its implication for the palaeoecology of early terrestrial ecosystems. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 109: 161 - 196." type="journal article" year="2000">Wellman et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were all in the range of 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFCE56D035BC9FDB7" box="[854,940,528,550]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity id="63509B47FF9AFFEDFB836D035CCAFDB7" box="[1072,1199,528,550]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.35" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.6">1.6–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
high. The sporangial dimensions of cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFC686D3C5C54FDD2" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[987,1073,558,580]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFC686D3C5C54FDD2" box="[987,1073,558,580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z. fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are difficult to ascertain due to their poor preservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A41736A2FF9AFFEDFCFC6D795C1DFCA2" blockId="4.[809,1442,229,819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0394B53FF9AFFEDFCFC6D795C4EFD11" author="Edwards, D." box="[847,1067,618,640]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="923 - 931" refId="ref10811" refString="Edwards, D. 1969 a. Zosterophyllum from the Old Red Sandstone of South Wales. New Phytologist 68: 923 - 931." type="journal article" year="1969">Edwards (1969a: 924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found the longest fructification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFA3F6D785BE0FD0C" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFA3F6D785DFFFD11" box="[1420,1434,619,640]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
. cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFCF46D9B5BE0FD0C" box="[839,901,648,669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFC366D9B5BECFD0C" box="[901,905,648,669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">.</emphasis>
|
||
It had eight sporangia but lacked an apical region. Due to the lack of a complete spike herein and poor preservation resulting in equivocal characters, the Victorian specimen was placed in cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFC066DF15C6BFD66" authority="Leclercq, 1942" authorityName="Leclercq" authorityYear="1942" box="[949,1038,738,759]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fertile">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFC066DF15BA6FD66" box="[949,963,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFC676DF15C6BFD66" box="[980,1038,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">fertile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it being conceivable that given better preservation the plant might be placed it outside the defining characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63A84D21FF9AFFEDFC646C0E5C16FCA3" authority="D.P.Penhallow 1892" authorityName="D.P.Penhallow" authorityYear="1892" box="[983,1139,797,818]" family="Zosterophyllaceae" genus="Zosterophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zosterophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="96DCEAB0FF9AFFEDFC646C0E5C16FCA3" box="[983,1139,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Zosterophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |