357 lines
46 KiB
XML
357 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="A811D03C19E4617F826073EBF0DFA7EA" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3595.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6633d51b-c6e2-4664-a883-1972f94dce87" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="246218" ID-ZooBank="0E34F9DE-B76C-4197-94D0-5A08A1F7C534" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460565569157" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Clouse, Ronald M." docDate="2012" docId="296DA64C70709961DEAAFB16AE21FA2B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03595p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3595 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3595.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Stylocellidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="D554DE3470679979DE3DFFB2AC2CFFB7" masterDocTitle="The lineages of Stylocellidae (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi)" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698320962157" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="564CFF67E4708CBA741A9EAD10E2268C">
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<mods:title id="7B0EF4CCDD0284339EC03B868BE255B9">The lineages of Stylocellidae (Arachnida: Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CE09133530702D9E5EB4421FD8508DF6">Clouse, Ronald M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="13DF0765CED40F98662D24A88E901BA8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3C1BB78AD00B55D1211F6070F6B3FFE9">
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<mods:date id="4F01E0FEE74BDA786F9194B84A2EAC53">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="266CD9A91393A9EFC955C806559A9DB0">2012-12-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="ACC5B40D3DD39D2FE842FCA6D4614C53">3595</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="CDB685AC6794087EE17DFED52DB1B855">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CC2E9EE5C8E1048DE98F845F7576898E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3595.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="C84B0EB170709961DEAAFB16AE21FA2B" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="multiple">
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<treatment id="296DA64C70709961DEAAFB16AE21FA2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5866106" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192339835" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5866106" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:296DA64C70709961DEAAFB16AE21FA2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/296DA64C70709961DEAAFB16AE21FA2B" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="E9DE44D17070996EDEAAFB16ADC1FB09" box="[151,493,1188,1214]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A17B175A7070996EDEAAFB16ADC1FB09" blockId="23.[151,493,1188,1214]" box="[151,493,1188,1214]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="FA33A0367070996EDEAAFB16ADC1FB09" bold="true" box="[151,493,1188,1214]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDEAAFB16ADC1FB09" ID-CoL="GS8" authority="Clouse, 2012" box="[151,493,1188,1214]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov.">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDEAAFB16ADC1FB09" bold="true" box="[151,493,1188,1214]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptopsalinae subfam. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E9DE44D170709961DEAAFB59AD51FC5B" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A17B175A7070996EDEAAFB59AF8CF94C" blockId="23.[151,1436,1259,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDEAAFB59AD33FAB3" bold="true" box="[151,287,1259,1284]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Comments:</emphasis>
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More than Stylocellinae, Leptopsalinae
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDCCAFB59AFBDFAB3" bold="true" box="[759,913,1259,1284]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">subfam. nov.</emphasis>
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provides a contrast between clear molecular support and subtle morphological synapomorphies, although here the morphological difficulty extends to the genera as well. The subfamily is best defined by its loss or moderation of character states easily noticed in other groups—they lack the enlarged coxae IV and swollen posterior prosomas of Fangensinae
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDA2EFAE5A882FAC7" bold="true" box="[1043,1198,1367,1392]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">subfam. nov.</emphasis>
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, the combination of sinusoidal sternal opisthosomal sulci, anal gland pores, large size, and knob-like ozophores of
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDAF9FACEA915FA23" box="[1220,1337,1404,1428]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Stylocellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDAF9FACEA915FA23" box="[1220,1337,1404,1428]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Stylocellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the deep ventral depression and flattened male tarsi IV of
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDCC2FA2DAF57FA00" box="[767,891,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Meghalaya</emphasis>
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. Between the genera
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDA4CFA2DA8C3FA00" box="[1137,1263,1439,1463]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDA4CFA2DA8C3FA00" box="[1137,1263,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDB14FA2DA9B9FA00" box="[1321,1429,1439,1463]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDB14FA2DA9B9FA00" box="[1321,1429,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Miopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, most species can be easily placed by simply knowing the collection locality and whether males have anal gland pores: most species from Borneo, and miniature leptopsalines from Peninsular
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<collectingCountry id="D9D357CA7070996EDD8FFA55A83BFA48" box="[946,1047,1511,1535]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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and Sumatra with anal gland pores are in
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDEE6F9BEAD6BF993" box="[219,327,1548,1572]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDEE6F9BEAD6BF993" box="[219,327,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Miopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and all species from Java, Sulawesi, and New
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<collectingCountry id="D9D357CA7070996EDD6CF9B9AF8FF994" box="[849,931,1547,1571]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, all of which lack anal gland pores, have been consistently recovered in
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDF8DF99DAE02F9F0" box="[432,558,1583,1607]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDF8DF99DAE02F9F0" box="[432,558,1583,1607]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB7070996EDC00F99DAF26F9F0" author="Clouse" box="[573,778,1583,1607]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Clouse" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="515" refId="ref16084" refString="Clouse, R. M., de Bivort, B. L. & Giribet, G. (2009) A phylogenetic analysis for the South-east Asian mite harvestman family Stylocellidae (Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi) - a combined analysis using morphometric and molecular data. Invertebrate Systematics, 23, 515 - 529." type="journal article" year="2009">
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Clouse
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDCAFF982AEE5F9F0" box="[658,713,1583,1607]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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2009
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB7070996EDD2BF99DA839F9F0" author="Clouse & Giribet" box="[790,1045,1583,1607]" firstAuthor="Clouse" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="207" refId="ref16141" refString="Clouse, R. M. & Giribet, G. (2007) Across Lydekker's Line - first report of mite harvestmen (Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi: Stylocellidae) from New Guinea. Invertebrate Systematics, 21, 207 - 227." type="journal article" year="2007">Clouse & Giribet 2007</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB7070996EDA1DF99DA90DF9F0" author="Clouse & Giribet" box="[1056,1313,1583,1607]" firstAuthor="Clouse" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1114 - 1130" refId="ref16184" refString="Clouse, R. M. & Giribet, G. (2010) When Thailand was an island - the phylogeny and biogeography of mite harvestmen (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae) in Southeast Asia. Journal of Biogeography, 37, 1114 - 1130." type="journal article" year="2010">Clouse & Giribet 2010</bibRefCitation>
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). There are species from
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<collectingCountry id="D9D357CA7070996EDF16F9E1ADA5F9DC" box="[299,393,1619,1643]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
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(northwestern Borneo), the Lingga-Riau islands and lower Peninsular
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<collectingCountry id="D9D357CA7070996EDAA1F9E1A92CF9DC" box="[1180,1280,1619,1643]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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that resemble
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDEAAF9C5AD2FF938" box="[151,259,1655,1679]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDEAAF9C5AD2FF938" box="[151,259,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Miopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in some cases even having anal gland pores) but are consistently recovered as members of
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDB23F9C5A9B0F938" box="[1310,1436,1655,1679]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDB23F9C5A9B0F938" box="[1310,1436,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(usually as early lineages) in molecular phylogenies, but these are few. Nonetheless, given how many species are known from only one or two specimens, and the large areas yet unexplored, it seems probable that the above pattern will not hold, so we need to have more than a biogeographic diagnosis.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A17B175A70709961DEFAF8B5A901FE43" blockId="23.[151,1436,1259,2004]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1436,151,1436]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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The species from northern Borneo (
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<figureCitation id="39FF0BDF7070996EDC5FF8B5AE99F8A8" box="[610,693,1799,1823]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1527]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,193,1528]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 19. The nine described species from northern Borneo and two undescribed species included in recent molecular phylogenies. Described species are depicted as dorsal views of the type specimens and adjusted to the same scale (scale bar = 1.00 mm for all specimens). Locality number (1 – 4, as indicated on the central map) for each specimen is in the upper left corner of each photo, followed by an indication of whether males have anal gland pores (“ a ”) or are known from female specimens only (“ f ”). Miopsalis sabah (Shear, 1993) appears to have been collected at the same time as M. leakeyi (Shear, 1993), which the collection label indicates as “ G. Silum ” (mistakenly transcribed as “ Gunung Sabah ” in the description); this locality is most likely Gunung Silam." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246236/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
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) challenge any easy definitions of
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDA77F8B5A895F8A8" box="[1098,1209,1799,1823]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDA77F8B5A895F8A8" box="[1098,1209,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Miopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDACEF8B5A958F8A8" box="[1267,1396,1799,1823]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDACEF8B5A958F8A8" box="[1267,1396,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as some of them have apparently converged strongly on the general appearance of
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDA07F89EA897F8F3" box="[1082,1211,1836,1860]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDA07F89EA897F8F3" box="[1082,1211,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Nine species have been described from
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDFB9F8FDADE4F8D0" box="[388,456,1871,1895]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabah">Sabah</taxonomicName>
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and the nearby region around Gunung
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDDBFF8FDAF93F8D0" box="[898,959,1871,1895]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mulu">Mulu</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB7070996EDDF3F8FDA8DEF8D0" author="Hansen & Sorensen" box="[974,1266,1871,1895]" firstAuthor="Hansen" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref16604" refString="Hansen, H. J. & Sorensen, W. (1904) On two orders of Arachnida: Opiliones, especially the suborder Cyphophthalmi, and Ricinulei, namely the family Cryptostemmatoidae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge." type="book" year="1904">Hansen & Sørensen 1904</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB7070996EDAC3F8FDA9BBF8D0" author="Rambla" box="[1278,1431,1871,1895]" firstAuthor="Rambla" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="227" refId="ref16829" refString="Rambla, M. (1991) A new Stylocellus from some caves of Borneo, Malaysia (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae). Memoires de Biospeologie, 18, 227 - 232." type="journal article" year="1991">Rambla 1991</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB7070996EDEAAF8C1AD37F83C" author="Shear" box="[151,283,1907,1931]" firstAuthor="Shear" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="174" refId="ref17193" refString="Shear, W. A. (1993) New species in the opilionid genus Stylocellus from Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 9, 174 - 188." type="journal article" year="1993">Shear 1993</bibRefCitation>
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). The large species with known males—
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDCDAF8C6AFCDF83B" box="[743,993,1908,1932]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gryllospeca">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDCDAF8C6AFCDF83B" box="[743,993,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Miopsalis gryllospeca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDA27F8C7A8BBF83B" box="[1050,1175,1908,1932]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silhavyi">
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<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDA27F8C7A8BBF83B" box="[1050,1175,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. silhavyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—have been recovered as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDE8AF825AD0AF818" box="[183,294,1943,1967]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDE8AF825AD0AF818" box="[183,294,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Miopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
easily in morphometric analyses, despite not having anal gland pores. Likewise, two of the smaller, more rounded species—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDF95F80FAE93F864" authority="Shear, 1993" authorityName="Shear" authorityYear="1993" box="[424,703,1979,2004]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collinsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDF95F80FAE33F863" box="[424,543,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. collinsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB7070996EDC12F809AE9BF864" author="Shear" box="[559,695,1979,2003]" firstAuthor="Shear" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="174" refId="ref17193" refString="Shear, W. A. (1993) New species in the opilionid genus Stylocellus from Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 9, 174 - 188." type="journal article" year="1993">Shear, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD97070996EDCCBF80FAFD6F864" authority="Shear, 1993" authorityName="Shear" authorityYear="1993" box="[758,1018,1979,2004]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabah">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB487070996EDCCBF80FAF73F863" box="[758,863,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. sabah</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB7070996EDD50F809AFDEF864" author="Shear" box="[877,1010,1979,2003]" firstAuthor="Shear" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="174" refId="ref17193" refString="Shear, W. A. (1993) New species in the opilionid genus Stylocellus from Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 9, 174 - 188." type="journal article" year="1993">Shear, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—have anal gland pores and are also easily recovered as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DF4AFF2AADCAFF07" box="[375,486,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DF4AFF2AADCAFF07" box="[375,486,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Miopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in morphometric phylogenies. However, smaller species that lack anal gland pores,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DEAAFF0FADEFFF63" authority="Shear, 1993" authorityName="Shear" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,451,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kinabalu" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DEAAFF0FAD0CFF63" box="[151,288,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. kinabalu</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB707F9961DF0FFF0EAD97FF63" author="Shear" box="[306,443,188,212]" firstAuthor="Shear" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="174" refId="ref17193" refString="Shear, W. A. (1993) New species in the opilionid genus Stylocellus from Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 9, 174 - 188." type="journal article" year="1993">Shear, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88837633707F9961DFF0FF0EAE63FF63" box="[461,591,188,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DFF0FF0EAE63FF63" bold="true" box="[461,591,188,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">new comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DCB7FF0FAF88FF63" authority="Shear, 1993" authorityName="Shear" authorityYear="1993" box="[650,932,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leakeyi" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DCB7FF0FAF2DFF63" box="[650,769,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. leakeyi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB707F9961DD2FFF0EAFB0FF63" author="Shear" box="[786,924,188,212]" firstAuthor="Shear" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="174" refId="ref17193" refString="Shear, W. A. (1993) New species in the opilionid genus Stylocellus from Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 9, 174 - 188." type="journal article" year="1993">Shear, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88837633707F9961DD90FF0EA803FF63" box="[941,1071,188,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DD90FF0EA803FF63" bold="true" box="[941,1071,188,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">new comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, as well as the smallest species collected in the region with an anal gland pore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DC87FF53AF97FF40" authority="Shear, 1993" authorityName="Shear" authorityYear="1993" box="[698,955,223,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mulu" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DC87FF53AF35FF4F" box="[698,793,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. mulu</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB707F9961DD17FF6DAF9FFF40" author="Shear" box="[810,947,223,247]" firstAuthor="Shear" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="174" refId="ref17193" refString="Shear, W. A. (1993) New species in the opilionid genus Stylocellus from Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 9, 174 - 188." type="journal article" year="1993">Shear, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88837633707F9961DDF9FF52A869FF4F" box="[964,1093,224,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DDF9FF52A869FF4F" bold="true" box="[964,1093,224,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">new comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, are consistently recovered as members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DF19FEB6AD89FEAB" box="[292,421,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DF19FEB6AD89FEAB" box="[292,421,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in morphometric phylogeneis. It can easily be seen why
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DA14FEB7A8ABFEAB" box="[1065,1159,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mulu" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DA14FEB7A8ABFEAB" box="[1065,1159,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. mulu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88837633707F9961DAB2FEB6A923FEAB" box="[1167,1295,260,284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DAB2FEB6A923FEAB" bold="true" box="[1167,1295,260,284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">new comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
groups with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DEAAFE9AAD34FEF7" box="[151,280,296,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DEAAFE9AAD34FEF7" box="[151,280,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
despite its anal gland pore, for it has curved sternal opisthosomal sulci, an extremely concave posterior gonostome, compressed ventral prosomal complex, huge eyes, and rather uninformative, attenuate chelicerae. The reason why I consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DFAFFEC3ADC2FE3F" box="[402,494,368,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mulu" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DFAFFEC3ADC2FE3F" box="[402,494,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. mulu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DFC9FEC2AE5FFE3F" bold="true" box="[500,627,368,392]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88837633707F9961DFC9FEC2AE5FFE3F" box="[500,627,368,392]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DCBCFEC3AED5FE3F" box="[641,761,368,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kinbalu" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DCBCFEC3AED5FE3F" box="[641,761,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. kinbalu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88837633707F9961DD3DFEC2AF52FE3F" box="[768,894,368,392]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DD3DFEC2AF52FE3F" bold="true" box="[768,894,368,392]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">new comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DD89FEC3A80BFE3F" box="[948,1063,368,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leakeyi" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DD89FEC3A80BFE3F" box="[948,1063,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. leakeyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88837633707F9961DA13FEC2A881FE3F" box="[1070,1197,368,392]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DA13FEC2A881FE3F" bold="true" box="[1070,1197,368,392]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">new comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
convergent members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DE8AFE26AD0AFE1B" box="[183,294,404,428]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DE8AFE26AD0AFE1B" box="[183,294,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Miopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and not in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DF90FE26AE02FE1B" box="[429,558,404,428]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DF90FE26AE02FE1B" box="[429,558,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is that similar species collected by S. Kurbatov in 2002 from Mt. (Gunung)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DEAAFE05ACD2FE78" box="[151,254,439,463]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kinabalu">Kinabalu</taxonomicName>
|
||
(“Borneo sp. 11” in recent phylogenetic analyses, MCZ DNA103249) and by A. Schulz from Gunung
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DEAAFE6EACF8FE43" box="[151,212,476,500]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mulu">Mulu</taxonomicName>
|
||
(“Borneo sp. 4,” MCZ DNA
|
||
<date id="D57A319A707F9961DC21FE6EAE5CFE43" box="[540,624,476,500]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="25-10-15">101525</date>
|
||
, by) consistently place as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DDA8FE6EA828FE43" box="[917,1028,476,500]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DDA8FE6EA828FE43" box="[917,1028,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Miopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in molecular phylogenies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A17B175A707F9961DEFAFE4DAD51FC5B" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,1436]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Certain derived
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DFBEFDB2AE28FDAF" box="[387,516,512,536]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DFBEFDB2AE28FDAF" box="[387,516,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have also converged on typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DDE2FDB2A862FDAF" box="[991,1102,512,536]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DDE2FDB2A862FDAF" box="[991,1102,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Miopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
features, but these are more instructive and not so confounding in morphometric studies. A recently discovered species from New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9D357CA707F9961DB18FD96A955FD8B" box="[1317,1401,548,572]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DBB8FD97AE01FDE8" authority="Clouse & Giribet, 2007" authorityName="Clouse & Giribet" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lydekkeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DBB8FD97ACD2FDD7" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">L. lydekkeri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB707F9961DF32FDF5AE09FDE8" author="Clouse & Giribet" box="[271,549,583,607]" firstAuthor="Clouse" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="207" refId="ref16141" refString="Clouse, R. M. & Giribet, G. (2007) Across Lydekker's Line - first report of mite harvestmen (Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi: Stylocellidae) from New Guinea. Invertebrate Systematics, 21, 207 - 227." type="journal article" year="2007">Clouse & Giribet, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is never recovered outside of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DDA8FDFAA83AFDD7" box="[917,1046,584,608]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DDA8FDFAA83AFDD7" box="[917,1046,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in molecular studies, but it has a distinctly flattened dorsal scutum and a wide, flattened gonostome with a relatively straight posterior edge, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DEAAFD22AD29FD1F" box="[151,261,656,680]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DEAAFD22AD29FD1F" box="[151,261,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Miopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In Northern Sulawesi,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DC25FD23AF1DFD10" authority="Shear, 1993" authorityName="Shear" authorityYear="1993" box="[536,817,655,680]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hilyardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DC25FD23AEBCFD1F" box="[536,656,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">L. hilyardi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB707F9961DC9DFD3DAF05FD10" author="Shear" box="[672,809,655,679]" firstAuthor="Shear" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="174" refId="ref17193" refString="Shear, W. A. (1993) New species in the opilionid genus Stylocellus from Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Stylocellidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 9, 174 - 188." type="journal article" year="1993">Shear, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a large species with small, tapered ozophores, long prosoma, and an elongate, elliptical overall soma shape, quite reminiscent of large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DA4CFD06A8CCFD7B" box="[1137,1248,692,716]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DA4CFD06A8CCFD7B" box="[1137,1248,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Miopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DB40FD07ACC2FD47" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silhavyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DB40FD07ACC2FD47" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. silhavyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="39FF0BDF707F9961DF3FFD65AD70FD58" box="[258,348,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[311,1271,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[311,1271,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 20. Comparison of large Miopsalis and Leptopsalis species: A & C, M. silhavyi (Rambla, 1991); B & D, L. hillyardi (Shear, 1993). Specimens were scaled to the same length between the posterior edge and anterior coxae II; vertical lines indicate the posterior extent of coxae IV. Scale bars = 1.00 mm for both species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246237/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). From the dorsal view, these two species have nearly identical proportions, but the ventral prosomal complex is distinctly different and highlights one of the most general differences between the two leptopsaline genera. For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DF91FC93AE04FC8F" box="[428,552,800,824]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hillyardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DF91FC93AE04FC8F" box="[428,552,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">L. hillyardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the meeting of the first coxae, the posterior corners of the gonostome, and the posterior corners of the fourth coxae are all more anterior than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DD4DFCF7AFC0FCEB" box="[880,1004,836,860]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silhavyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DD4DFCF7AFC0FCEB" box="[880,1004,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. silhavyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Combined with the concave posterior gonostome, lack of a distinct sternum, simple chelicerae, and lack of male anal gland pores,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DAC4FCDBA951FC37" box="[1273,1405,872,896]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hillyardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DAC4FCDBA951FC37" box="[1273,1405,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">L. hillyardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is confidently placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DFABFC3EAE3BFC13" box="[406,535,908,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DFABFC3EAE3BFC13" box="[406,535,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Indeed, morphometric phylogenetic analyses have grouped it with the other (much smaller and more rounded) species on Sulawesi, which is highly concordant with the history of the island (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB707F9961DEA3FC66AD5DFC5B" author="Clouse" box="[158,369,980,1004]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Clouse" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="515" refId="ref16084" refString="Clouse, R. M., de Bivort, B. L. & Giribet, G. (2009) A phylogenetic analysis for the South-east Asian mite harvestman family Stylocellidae (Opiliones: Cyphophthalmi) - a combined analysis using morphometric and molecular data. Invertebrate Systematics, 23, 515 - 529." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Clouse
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DEC8FC67AD01FC5B" box="[245,301,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9DE44D1707F9961DEFAFC45A97DFA87" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="A17B175A707F9961DEFAFC45A97DFA87" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,1436]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DEFAFC45AD77FBA7" bold="true" box="[199,347,1015,1040]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Eyes usually distinct and sometimes large, absent or reduced only in highly troglomorphic or miniaturized species; anal gland pores usually absent but variable; chelicerae often with reduced second ventral cheliceral process, first process often distinct or large; chelicerae ranging from claw-like to attenuate; granulations on second cheliceral article often highly reduced, low ridge absent; Rambla’s organ usually missing, if present then small, distinct, at the same level as surrounding cuticle, and with modified, scaly sculpturing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="39FF0BDF707F9961DAC7FB35A96FFB28" box="[1274,1347,1159,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1348,1371]" captionTargetBox="[154,1415,846,1315]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,830,1327]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. The two most commonly recovered phylogenetic hypotheses for the genera of Stylocellidae. The only difference is the position of Giribetia, which is sometimes recovered as sister to Fangensis (A), forming a monophyletic Fangensinae, and sometimes recovered as sister to (Stylocellinae + Leptopsalinae) (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246220/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, A–D); ozophores usually tapered and pointing forward; posterior prosoma not bulging; lateral edges of fouth coxae tapered anteriorally; ventral prosomal complex variable; sternum variable; body profile variable, arching of dorsal scutum variable; sternal opisthosomal sulci between sternites 3 and 4, 4 and 5, and 5 and 6 ranging from straight to curved, sometimes indistinct; posterior gonostome highly variable, ranging from straight to deeply concave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9DE44D1707F9961DEFAFA8EA8BBFAE3" box="[199,1175,1340,1364]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="synonymic_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="A17B175A707F9961DEFAFA8EA8BBFAE3" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,1436]" box="[199,1175,1340,1364]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DEFAFA8EADBDFAE3" bold="true" box="[199,401,1340,1364]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Included genera:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DFA4FA8EAE95FAE3" authority="Thorell, 1882" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1882" box="[409,697,1340,1364]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Leptopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DFA4FA8EAE36FAE3" box="[409,538,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leptopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB707F9961DC1CFA8EAE95FAE3" author="Thorell" box="[545,697,1340,1364]" firstAuthor="Thorell" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="21 - 69" refId="ref17352" refString="Thorell, T. (1882) Descrizione di alcuni Aracnidi inferiori dell' Arcipelago Malese. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 18, 21 - 69." type="journal article" year="1882">Thorell, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="7E7FA9F8707F9961DCF5FA8EAF2EFAE3" box="[712,770,1340,1364]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
genus) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C46CD9707F9961DDB4FA8EA8BBFAE3" authority="Thorell, 1890" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1890" box="[905,1175,1340,1364]" class="Arachnida" family="Stylocellidae" genus="Miopsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DDB4FA8EAFD4FAE3" box="[905,1016,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Miopsalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C5556AAB707F9961DDC2FA8EA8BBFAE3" author="Thorell, T." box="[1023,1175,1340,1364]" firstAuthor="Thorell" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="5 - 106" part="10" refId="ref17384" refString="Thorell, T. (1890 a) Aracnidi di Nias e di Sumatra raccolti nel 1886 dal Sig. E. Mondigliani. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 2 a, 10, 5 - 106." title="Aracnidi di Nias e di Sumatra raccolti nel 1886 dal Sig. E. Mondigliani" type="journal article" year="1890">Thorell, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9DE44D1707F9961DEFAFAEDAE21FA2B" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="A17B175A707F9961DEFAFAEDAE21FA2B" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,1436]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="93B0CB48707F9961DEFAFAEDAD4EFACF" bold="true" box="[199,354,1375,1400]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9D357CA707F9961DFF6FAEDAE03FAC0" box="[459,559,1375,1399]" name="Thailand" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
to western New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9D357CA707F9961DCC0FAEDAF7CFAC0" box="[765,848,1375,1399]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, including the islands of Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Borneo, Palawan, and Mindanao.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |