158 lines
20 KiB
XML
158 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="BC46AF896B0B32735CFC9FB607908652" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.204035" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1a3d4003-79c9-40dc-9542-46616edb633a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="204035" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460253921811" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mound, Laurence A. & Stiller, Michael" docDate="2011" docId="2052AE5955526E19FF17FA39FD83FDD8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02786p061.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2786" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="DC6BD62155576E1FFF80FFAFFFF6FF87" masterDocTitle="Species of the genus Scirtothrips from Africa (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1698243166968" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="779B994351B477592A457BB100458242">
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<mods:title id="2F45942A0C444D7066C285805429757B">Species of the genus Scirtothrips from Africa (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="655A614FC7760D68DAA4066A693B79E2">Mound, Laurence A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E05364710BA068B0F75733784970B297">Stiller, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E4A9945E01755AC8DD0BC1CDC446444D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A6FFCA525AEA8C4483070DCFEF91050A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DA1C84228E761BD2474EA51DC9F4163E">
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<mods:date id="473F023B28BB423C8B4AB3C57692FF7F">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="85290F8763C5320A1A429C490B5C6F23" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="ADA39416A4DC2F818BFFAE3CB9592287">2786</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8A4DDDD977BE0162626AFAC2B4ED484F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.204035</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2052AE5955526E19FF17FA39FD83FDD8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6184122" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119392155" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6184122" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2052AE5955526E19FF17FA39FD83FDD8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2052AE5955526E19FF17FA39FD83FDD8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection id="E0E14CC455526E19FF17FA39FDB0FEB8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A8441F4F55526E1AFF17FA39FE00FA29" blockId="5.[151,502,1429,1490]" box="[151,502,1429,1455]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
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<heading id="F30CA82355526E1AFF17FA39FE00FA29" bold="true" box="[151,502,1429,1455]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFF17FA39FE00FA29" ID-CoL="4VN2Q" authority="Hood" authorityName="Hood" box="[151,502,1429,1455]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFF17FA39FE00FA29" bold="true" box="[151,502,1429,1455]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFF17FA39FEE8FA28" bold="true" box="[151,286,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Scirtothrips</emphasis>
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aff.
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFED4FA39FE58FA28" bold="true" box="[340,430,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">dorsalis</emphasis>
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Hood
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A8441F4F55526E1AFF17FA15FEFDFA55" blockId="5.[151,502,1429,1490]" box="[151,267,1466,1490]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
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(
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<figureCitation id="30C003CA55526E1AFF1FFA15FEF4FA55" box="[159,258,1466,1490]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1836]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Scirtothrips species. S. aurantii 1 – 3: (1) Head & pronotum; (2) Terga VII – IX; (3) Sterna V – VII. S. dorsalis 4 – 6: (4) Head & pronotum; (5) Terga VII – IX; (6) Sterna V – VII. S. africanus 7 – 10: (7) Terga VI – IX; (8) Head; (9) Metanotum (of paratype); (10) Metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204036/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A8441F4F55526E19FF17F9ADFDB0FEB8" blockId="5.[151,1436,1538,2030]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,607]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
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The species
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFEA3F9ACFE6FF99D" box="[291,409,1538,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFEA3F9ACFE6FF99D" box="[291,409,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">S. dorsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described by
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<bibRefCitation id="CC6A62BE55526E1AFDECF9ADFCDEF99D" author="Hood" box="[620,808,1538,1562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Hood, J. D. (1919) On some new Thysanoptera from southern India. Insecutor Inscitiae menstruus, 7, 90 - 103." type="journal article" year="1919">Hood (1919: 90)</bibRefCitation>
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from
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<specimenCount id="BEFDD4C655526E1AFCEEF9ADFC1FF99D" box="[878,1001,1538,1562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="female">34 females</specimenCount>
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collected from “castor and chillies” at Coimbatore,
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<collectingCountry id="D0EC5FDF55526E1AFEAAF989FE91F9B9" box="[298,359,1574,1598]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">India</collectingCountry>
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. It is currently considered to be a widespread polyphagous pest across Asia, that more recently has been introduced to Florida and other countries around the Caribbean area, as well as
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<collectingCountry id="D0EC5FDF55526E1AFBF5F9E5FB41F9E5" box="[1141,1207,1610,1634]" name="Israel" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Israel</collectingCountry>
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. In contrast, the first official record of
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFEDBF9C1FE43F901" box="[347,437,1646,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFEDBF9C1FE43F901" box="[347,437,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">dorsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="D0EC5FDF55526E1AFE7AF9C1FD7FF901" box="[506,649,1646,1670]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="CC6A62BE55526E1AFD18F9C1FCC7F901" author="Gilbert" box="[664,817,1646,1670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Gilbert, M. J. (1986) First African record of Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) a potential pest of citrus and other crops in southern Africa. Journal of the Entomological Society of southern Africa, 49, 159 - 161." type="journal article" year="1986">Gilbert, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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) is of a population that apparently remains restricted to the leaves of
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFEADF93CFE77F92D" box="[301,385,1683,1706]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFEADF93CFE77F92D" box="[301,385,1683,1706]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the castor oil plant. Molecular data suggest that this population is specifically different from some other populations around the world (
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<bibRefCitation id="CC6A62BE55526E1AFDF0F919FC56F949" author="Rugman-Jones" box="[624,928,1718,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Rugman-Jones, P. F., Hoddle, M. S., Mound, L. A. & Stouthamer, R. (2006) A molecular identification key for pest species of Scirtothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 99, 1813 - 1819." type="journal article" year="2006">
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Rugman-Jones
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFC9FF918FCA1F949" box="[799,855,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="CC6A62BE55526E1AFC2CF919FB60F949" author="Hoddle" box="[940,1174,1718,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Hoddle, M. S., Heraty, J. M., Rugman-Jones, P. F., Mound, L. A. & Stouthamer, R. (2008 b) Relationships among species of Scirtothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae, Thripinae) using molecular and morphological data. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 101, 491 - 500." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
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Hoddle
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFB85F918FBCBF949" box="[1029,1085,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2008b
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Specimens from
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFAE5F918FF48F975" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFAE5F918FF48F975" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at Nelspruit,
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<collectingCountry id="D0EC5FDF55526E1AFED6F975FE1FF975" box="[342,489,1754,1778]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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, were kindly collected by Dr Tim Grout in November, 2010 and sent to Canberra for slide-mounting. Females from this population do not have the microtrichial field on sternite VII extending fully across the postero-median area between marginal setal pair S1; in this they resemble females of
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFB45F88CFACDF8BD" box="[1221,1339,1827,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFB45F88CFACDF8BD" box="[1221,1339,1827,1850]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">S. aurantii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="30C003CA55526E1AFACAF88DFA7BF8BD" box="[1354,1421,1826,1850]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1836]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Scirtothrips species. S. aurantii 1 – 3: (1) Head & pronotum; (2) Terga VII – IX; (3) Sterna V – VII. S. dorsalis 4 – 6: (4) Head & pronotum; (5) Terga VII – IX; (6) Sterna V – VII. S. africanus 7 – 10: (7) Terga VI – IX; (8) Head; (9) Metanotum (of paratype); (10) Metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204036/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). In contrast, sternite VII of females of
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFDC5F8E9FD69F8D9" box="[581,671,1862,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFDC5F8E9FD69F8D9" box="[581,671,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">dorsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from all other available localities, including
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<collectingCountry id="D0EC5FDF55526E1AFB1FF8E9FAFEF8D9" box="[1183,1288,1862,1886]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, Asia,
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<collectingCountry id="D0EC5FDF55526E1AFAD7F8E9FA6EF8D9" box="[1367,1432,1862,1886]" name="Israel" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Israel</collectingCountry>
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, and the Caribbean, always bears several rows of microtrichia medially across the full width near the posterior margin (
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<figureCitation id="30C003CA55526E1AFF49F821FEFBF821" box="[201,269,1934,1958]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1836]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Scirtothrips species. S. aurantii 1 – 3: (1) Head & pronotum; (2) Terga VII – IX; (3) Sterna V – VII. S. dorsalis 4 – 6: (4) Head & pronotum; (5) Terga VII – IX; (6) Sterna V – VII. S. africanus 7 – 10: (7) Terga VI – IX; (8) Head; (9) Metanotum (of paratype); (10) Metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204036/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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). No differences have yet been detected between males from different populations. No molecular studies have been carried out on Indian specimens from
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFD34F81CFCFEF84D" box="[692,776,1971,1994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFD34F81CFCFEF84D" box="[692,776,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, despite this being one of the host plants from which it was described by Hood, and
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFE27F879FDF7F869" box="[423,513,2006,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFE27F879FDF7F869" box="[423,513,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">dorsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been reported as numerous on
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55526E1AFC0BF878FC29F869" box="[907,991,2007,2030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55526E1AFC0BF878FC29F869" box="[907,991,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Delhi (
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<bibRefCitation id="CC6A62BE55526E1AFBCFF879FAABF869" author="Mound" box="[1103,1373,2006,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Mound, L. A. & Palmer, J. M. (1981) Identification, distribution and host-plants of the pest species of Scirtothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 71, 467 - 479." type="journal article" year="1981">Mound & Palmer, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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). The small structural difference on sternite VII indicated above, together with the molecular data, suggest that the South African population on
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55516E19FE18FF12FE1AFF53" box="[408,492,189,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55516E19FE18FF12FE1AFF53" box="[408,492,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Ricinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may be a distinct species from the widespread pest. However, the original material used by Hood to describe
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<taxonomicName id="6FFB64CC55516E19FE41FF4FFDEDFF7F" box="[449,539,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55516E19FE41FF4FFDEDFF7F" box="[449,539,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">dorsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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needs to be re-examined, to decide if his specimens from “castor and chillies” can be distinguished, and to determine from which of these plants was collected the
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<typeStatus id="7740A1ED55516E19FBC2FEABFB52FE9B" box="[1090,1188,260,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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that he selected (indicated only as the specimen measured).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E0E14CC455516E19FF45FEE4FD83FDD8" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A8441F4F55516E19FF45FEE4FD83FDD8" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,607]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="9A8FC35D55516E19FF45FEE4FEC9FEE3" bold="true" box="[197,319,331,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body mainly yellow, terga and sterna with median area variably shaded and antecostal ridges usually dark medially; antennal segments V–VIII deeply shaded, III–IV slightly paler; fore wings variously shaded with apex paler. Ocellar setae III situated between mid-points of posterior ocelli (
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<figureCitation id="30C003CA55516E19FBAAFE3BFB86FE2B" box="[1066,1136,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1836]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Scirtothrips species. S. aurantii 1 – 3: (1) Head & pronotum; (2) Terga VII – IX; (3) Sterna V – VII. S. dorsalis 4 – 6: (4) Head & pronotum; (5) Terga VII – IX; (6) Sterna V – VII. S. africanus 7 – 10: (7) Terga VI – IX; (8) Head; (9) Metanotum (of paratype); (10) Metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204036/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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); pronotum closely striate, posteromarginal setae 0.3–0.4 times as long as pronotum, S2 usually less than 2.0 times as long as S1; fore wing second vein with 2 setae, cilia straight; metanotum transversely striate on anterior half, irregular elongate reticulation on posterior half; tergum VIII with several rows of microtrichia anteromedially (
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<figureCitation id="30C003CA55516E19FBEDFE50FB44FD90" box="[1133,1202,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1836]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Scirtothrips species. S. aurantii 1 – 3: (1) Head & pronotum; (2) Terga VII – IX; (3) Sterna V – VII. S. dorsalis 4 – 6: (4) Head & pronotum; (5) Terga VII – IX; (6) Sterna V – VII. S. africanus 7 – 10: (7) Terga VI – IX; (8) Head; (9) Metanotum (of paratype); (10) Metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204036/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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), IX with numerous microtrichia posteromedially; sterna IV–VI with microtrichia covering median area except on anterior third or half (
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<figureCitation id="30C003CA55516E19FF1FFDE8FF12FDD8" box="[159,228,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1836]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Scirtothrips species. S. aurantii 1 – 3: (1) Head & pronotum; (2) Terga VII – IX; (3) Sterna V – VII. S. dorsalis 4 – 6: (4) Head & pronotum; (5) Terga VII – IX; (6) Sterna V – VII. S. africanus 7 – 10: (7) Terga VI – IX; (8) Head; (9) Metanotum (of paratype); (10) Metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204036/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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). Male tergite IX with no drepanae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |