222 lines
31 KiB
XML
222 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="1E7BFD0DA687F13438ED79AE2A3E6DA1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158082" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7160e41a-821a-4f6f-88e7-fe41a5ad9225" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158082" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461024854727" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hansson, Christer & Nishida, Kenji" docDate="2004" docId="0A4C2959E5163F2DAF76A720FDE8FDAE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00607.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 607" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Emersonella curculiovora Hansson & Nishida, 2004, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="F6755121E5143F28AE7EA63CFFB8FF88" masterDocTitle="A new species of Emersonella (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), parasitoid on weevil eggs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), from Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="6" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698571636536" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="661D8D9ECF6151FCE08B74F253918E3E">
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<mods:title id="BB96D07CCB5903F45B3E0B2BE58964A5">A new species of Emersonella (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), parasitoid on weevil eggs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), from Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4058240A518F831843BA062E55CF14BE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="61FF90DF8CFF15BF1EA8B198112A48CF">Hansson, Christer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C8AB554F06726762CF53C417FC9DDF71">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5B5F0E5256477E4189F1C8DEF0962B9B">Nishida, Kenji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5F1215A227293B2093C3FF08700B0EA9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A4F7385EB8E9794C45A861219AC84A66">
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<mods:date id="2D4D6EFAB7937569D50F8DE1C3949DA7">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="07D4BBDC79B3F81E90672AD09249FD70">607</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0A4C2959E5163F2DAF76A720FDE8FDAE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6271288" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119606066" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6271288" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A4C2959E5163F2DAF76A720FDE8FDAE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A4C2959E5163F2DAF76A720FDE8FDAE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="CAFFCBC4E5163F2AAF76A720FEC5FED1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF76A720FC0AFEBD" blockId="2.[264,946,283,345]" box="[264,946,283,310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D9122F23E5163F2AAF76A720FC0AFEBD" bold="true" box="[264,946,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5163F2AAF76A720FC0AFEBD" bold="true" box="[264,946,283,310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5163F2AAF76A720FDFBFEBE" box="[264,579,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiovora" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5163F2AAF76A720FDFBFEBE" bold="true" box="[264,579,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Emersonella curculiovora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABA2F926E5163F2AAC35A727FD19FEBD" box="[587,673,283,309]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Hansson and Nishida
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF76A703FEC5FED1" blockId="2.[264,946,283,345]" box="[264,381,319,345]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5163F2AAF76A703FEC5FED1" box="[264,381,319,345]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStart-2="FIGURES 7 – 10" captionStartId-0="3.[264,382,1236,1260]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1873,1897]" captionStartId-2="4.[264,382,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox-0="[271,1315,315,1228]" captionTargetBox-1="[675,907,1386,1831]" captionTargetBox-2="[264,1308,315,1027]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[271,1315,315,1229]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[673,914,1383,1849]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[264,1323,315,1033]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 4. Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 1. Head frontal, female. 2. Head and pronotum dorsal, female. 3. Mesosoma dorsal, female. 4. Apical gastral tergite dorsal, female." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 – 6. Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov., antennae lateral. 5. Female. 6. Male." captionText-2="FIGURES 7 – 10. Juvenile stages of Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 7. Host egg case (arrow) on stem of Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium. 8. Mature larva (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure partially removed). 9. Dorsal view of a female pupa (note meconium around the ovipositor). 10. Mature pupa (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure cement partially removed)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169302/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/158084/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/169303/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1–10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CAFFCBC4E5163F2DAF76A7B3FDE8FDAE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF76A7B3FDF9FD11" blockId="2.[264,1325,399,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Diagnosis. Notaular depressions large, round and distinct (
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<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5163F2AADCCA7B3FC40FE21" box="[946,1016,399,425]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1236,1260]" captionTargetBox="[271,1315,315,1228]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[271,1315,315,1229]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 1. Head frontal, female. 2. Head and pronotum dorsal, female. 3. Mesosoma dorsal, female. 4. Apical gastral tergite dorsal, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169302/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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); female with final gastral tergite about six times as long as width at base (
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<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5163F2AAD3CA78BFC34FE59" box="[834,908,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1236,1260]" captionTargetBox="[271,1315,315,1228]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[271,1315,315,1229]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 1. Head frontal, female. 2. Head and pronotum dorsal, female. 3. Mesosoma dorsal, female. 4. Apical gastral tergite dorsal, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169302/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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); vertex with a groove from lateral ocellus towards eye, groove does not reach eye but continues along and close to eye towards frontal suture and continues a bit below suture (
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<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5163F2AADC8A43BFB9DFDA9" box="[950,1061,519,545]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1236,1260]" captionTargetBox="[271,1315,315,1228]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[271,1315,315,1229]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 1. Head frontal, female. 2. Head and pronotum dorsal, female. 3. Mesosoma dorsal, female. 4. Apical gastral tergite dorsal, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169302/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
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); malar sulcus absent (
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<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5163F2AAF6FA413FEEDFDC1" box="[273,341,559,585]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1236,1260]" captionTargetBox="[271,1315,315,1228]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[271,1315,315,1229]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 1. Head frontal, female. 2. Head and pronotum dorsal, female. 3. Mesosoma dorsal, female. 4. Apical gastral tergite dorsal, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169302/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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); thoracic dorsum convex; propodeum with two large anterolateral foveae (
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<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5163F2AAAADA413FAA3FDC1" box="[1235,1307,559,585]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1236,1260]" captionTargetBox="[271,1315,315,1228]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[271,1315,315,1229]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 1. Head frontal, female. 2. Head and pronotum dorsal, female. 3. Mesosoma dorsal, female. 4. Apical gastral tergite dorsal, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169302/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). This species is easily separated from all known species of
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<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5163F2AADC8A46BFBF2FDF8" box="[950,1098,599,624]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5163F2AADC8A46BFBF2FDF8" box="[950,1098,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Emersonella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the distinct and large notaular depressions.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF46A49BFE25FD61" blockId="2.[264,1325,399,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description (imagines). Length of body female 1.0 mm (excl. last gastral tergite), male 0.9–1.0 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF46A4CBFEE3FBA1" blockId="2.[264,1325,399,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Scape yellowishwhite, remainder of antenna dark brown with metallic tinges. Frons metallic bluishgreen. Vertex metallic bluishpurple. Mesoscutum goldenpurple. Scutellum brownish with goldenpurple tinges, i.e. paler than mesoscutum. Propodeum metallic bluishgreen to goldenpurple. Coxae dark and metallic; femora and tibiae predominantly dark brown with apices yellowishwhite; tarsal segments 13 white, segment 4 pale brown. Wings hyaline. Petiole dark. Female gaster with 1st tergite metallic bluishpurple, remaining tergites goldenpurple; male with anterior of gaster white, posterior metallic bluishpurple.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF46A20BFC2FFA91" blockId="2.[264,1325,399,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Antennae as in
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<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5163F2AAF8BA20BFDDBFBD9" box="[501,611,1079,1105]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[675,907,1386,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[673,914,1383,1849]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov., antennae lateral. 5. Female. 6. Male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/158084/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 5, 6</figureCitation>
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. Frons and vertex smooth and shiny; frontal suture slightly downcurved laterally. Malar sulcus absent. Occipital margin rounded. Eyes with scattered hairs. Ratios of height of head/width of head 0.8; height of eye/malar space/width of mouth opening: female 1.9/1.0/1.5, male 1.9/1.0/1.4; distances between posterior ocelli/ between posterior ocellus and eye/between posterior ocelli and occipital margin 4.6/1.7/ 1.0; width of head/width of thorax across shoulders 1.2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF46A31BFC51F909" blockId="2.[264,1325,399,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Thoracic dorsum convex. Pronotum well developed, with a strong carina close to posterior margin. Mesoscutum with rather strong reticulation; notaular depressions large, round and smooth. Scutellum convex and shiny with weak and engraved reticulation medially, with a median groove in anterior 1/4. Dorsellum flat and smooth. Fore wing speculum closed below; with 9–10 admarginal setae. Propodeum with a small anteromedian fovea and two large anterolateral foveae, foveae with longitudinal carinae; with curved carinae from upper corners of petiolar foramen; propodeal callus with two setae. Petiolar foramen rounded. Ratios of: length of fore wing/length of marginal vein/height of fore wing 1.8/ 1.0/1.0; length of postmarginal vein/length of stigmal vein 0.8.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF46A0B3FBE8F971" blockId="2.[264,1325,399,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Petiole about as long as wide in both sexes, with rather strong small meshed reticulation and irregular sculpture. Female gaster ovate. Ratio of length of mesosoma/length of gaster: female 1.2–1.4 (excl. elongate last gastral tergite), male 1.2–1.3.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5163F2AAF46A13BFD01F8F9" blockId="2.[264,1325,399,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Mature larva (
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<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5163F2AAF9CA13BFD92F8A9" box="[482,554,1799,1825]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 10" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[264,1308,315,1027]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,315,1033]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 10. Juvenile stages of Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 7. Host egg case (arrow) on stem of Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium. 8. Mature larva (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure partially removed). 9. Dorsal view of a female pupa (note meconium around the ovipositor). 10. Mature pupa (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure cement partially removed)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169303/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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). Subspherical. Translucent to pale brown. Length ca.
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<quantity id="451D35AAE5163F2AAAC4A13BFA90F8A9" box="[1210,1320,1799,1825]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
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. Head width ca.
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<quantity id="451D35AAE5163F2AAFC0A113FD92F8C1" box="[446,554,1839,1865]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
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. Head capsule translucent pale brown. Mandibles brown, crossing over each other at apex when closed.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="D69AC8C7E5173F2BAF76A2E8FB3CFA86" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169302/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[271,1315,315,1228]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5173F2BAF76A2E8FB3CFA86" blockId="3.[264,1323,1236,1294]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5173F2BAF76A2E8FE17FB64" bold="true" box="[264,431,1236,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURES 1–4</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5173F2BAFC3A2E9FD6CFB64" box="[445,724,1237,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiovora" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5173F2BAFC3A2E9FD6CFB64" box="[445,724,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Emersonella curculiovora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABA2F926E5173F2BACA2A2E9FC90FB64" box="[732,808,1237,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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1. Head frontal, female. 2. Head and pronotum dorsal, female. 3. Mesosoma dorsal, female. 4. Apical gastral tergite dorsal, female.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="D69AC8C7E5173F2BAF76A16DFB0DF8E1" box="[264,1205,1873,1897]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/158084/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[675,907,1386,1831]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5173F2BAF76A16DFB0DF8E1" blockId="3.[264,1205,1873,1897]" box="[264,1205,1873,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5173F2BAF76A16DFE15F8E1" bold="true" box="[264,429,1873,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURES 5–6</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5173F2BAFC5A16EFD69F8E1" box="[443,721,1874,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiovora" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5173F2BAFC5A16EFD69F8E1" box="[443,721,1874,1897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Emersonella curculiovora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABA2F926E5173F2BACA9A16EFC9DF8E1" box="[727,805,1874,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, antennae lateral. 5. Female. 6. Male.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="D69AC8C7E5103F2CAF76A21DFBDEFB29" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169303/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[264,1308,315,1027]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="825A984FE5103F2CAF76A21DFBDEFB29" blockId="4.[264,1323,1057,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CAF76A21DFE03FBB1" bold="true" box="[264,443,1057,1081]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURES 7–10</emphasis>
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. Juvenile stages of
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<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CACF3A21EFC1BFBB1" box="[653,931,1058,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curculiovora" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CACF3A21EFC1BFBB1" box="[653,931,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Emersonella curculiovora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABA2F926E5103F2CADD4A21EFC45FBB1" box="[938,1021,1058,1081]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
7. Host egg case (arrow) on stem of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CAF1CA278FD03FBD3" box="[354,699,1092,1115]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cinnamomifolium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CAF1CA278FD03FBD3" box="[354,699,1092,1115]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 8. Mature larva (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure partially removed). 9. Dorsal view of a female pupa (note meconium around the ovipositor). 10. Mature pupa (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure cement partially removed).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="825A984FE5103F2CAF46A318FCEDFA06" blockId="4.[264,1323,1316,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Pupa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5103F2CAFFCA318FE44FAB6" box="[386,508,1316,1342]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 10" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[264,1308,315,1027]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,315,1033]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 10. Juvenile stages of Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 7. Host egg case (arrow) on stem of Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium. 8. Mature larva (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure partially removed). 9. Dorsal view of a female pupa (note meconium around the ovipositor). 10. Mature pupa (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure cement partially removed)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169303/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 9, 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsoventrally flattened. Creamy white (brown to dark brown sclerotized parts were seen as it developed). Female, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="451D35AAE5103F2CAD02A370FC60FAEE" box="[892,984,1356,1382]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="451D35AAE5103F2CAA5AA370FBC7FAEE" box="[1060,1151,1356,1382]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="451D35AAE5103F2CAAAEA370FA93FAEE" box="[1232,1323,1356,1382]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick (n = 1); male, ca. 0.7 x 0.5 x
|
||
<quantity id="451D35AAE5103F2CACE3A348FD4FFA06" box="[669,759,1396,1422]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="825A984FE5103F2CAF46A3A0FDFDF8CE" blockId="4.[264,1323,1316,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Biology. Parasitoid in eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CACE6A3A0FCF3FA3D" box="[664,843,1436,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Camptocheirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CACE6A3A0FCF3FA3D" box="[664,843,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Camptocheirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CADFCA3A0FBB1FA3E" box="[898,1033,1436,1462]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CAA6AA3A0FB04FA3E" box="[1044,1212,1436,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in stems of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CAF56A3F8FD18FA55" box="[296,672,1476,1501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cinnamomifolium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CAF56A3F8FD18FA55" box="[296,672,1476,1501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Fifty percent (n = 32) of the weevil cementenclosures collected contained
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CAF8DA3D0FD3FF98D" box="[499,647,1516,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CAF8DA3D0FD3FF98D" box="[499,647,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Emersonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae, pupae, or adults. A mature larva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5103F2CAA0EA3D0FB0EF98E" box="[1136,1206,1516,1542]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 10" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[264,1308,315,1027]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,315,1033]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 10. Juvenile stages of Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 7. Host egg case (arrow) on stem of Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium. 8. Mature larva (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure partially removed). 9. Dorsal view of a female pupa (note meconium around the ovipositor). 10. Mature pupa (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure cement partially removed)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169303/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) and several pupae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5103F2CAFE9A028FE57F9A6" box="[407,495,1556,1582]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 10" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[264,1308,315,1027]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,315,1033]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 10. Juvenile stages of Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 7. Host egg case (arrow) on stem of Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium. 8. Mature larva (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure partially removed). 9. Dorsal view of a female pupa (note meconium around the ovipositor). 10. Mature pupa (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure cement partially removed)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169303/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) were observed in the cementenclosures of the hosts eggs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1ADE84CAE5103F2CAAB1A028FAA2F9A6" box="[1231,1306,1556,1582]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 10" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[264,1308,315,1027]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[264,1323,315,1033]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 10. Juvenile stages of Emersonella curculiovora sp. nov. 7. Host egg case (arrow) on stem of Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium. 8. Mature larva (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure partially removed). 9. Dorsal view of a female pupa (note meconium around the ovipositor). 10. Mature pupa (arrow) in situ (host’s cementenclosure cement partially removed)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169303/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some of the cementenclosures had a small hole, indicating that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CAA6DA001FB1FF9DE" box="[1043,1191,1597,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CAA6DA001FB1FF9DE" box="[1043,1191,1597,1622]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Emersonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adults had emerged. Several cementenclosures contained dead and dried adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CAA24A059FB56F9F6" box="[1114,1262,1637,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CAA24A059FB56F9F6" box="[1114,1262,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Emersonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The cause of this mortality is unknown but is possibly due to unsuccessful emergences. We have found that the parasitism typically occurs as one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5103F2CAD03A089FBA9F946" box="[893,1041,1717,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Emersonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B091445DE5103F2CAD03A089FBA9F946" box="[893,1041,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Emersonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
individual per host egg. In two cases we have observed two individuals, in both cases a male and female, per host egg. The pupal stage lasted approximately 12 days. Information on the duration of the larval stage was not obtained.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="825A984FE5103F2CAF46A168FDE4F8E6" blockId="4.[264,1323,1316,1902]" box="[312,604,1876,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FAF2D8DFE5103F2CAFAAA168FDEFF8E6" box="[468,599,1876,1902]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="825A984FE5113F2DAF46A720FE69FE5E" blockId="5.[264,1323,284,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<typeStatus id="5D5E26EDE5113F2DAC5AA720FD29FEBE" box="[548,657,284,310]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female labelled “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FAF2D8DFE5113F2DAD21A720FC5EFEBE" box="[863,998,284,310]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
: San José,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FAF2D8DFE5113F2DAA19A720FB5AFEBE" box="[1127,1250,284,310]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
|
||
, UCR Campus,
|
||
<quantity id="451D35AAE5113F2DAF08A778FE69FED6" box="[374,465,324,350]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1150.0">1150 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="F65BBE8FE5113F2DAFA3A778FD12FED6" box="[477,682,324,350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2002-11-13" valueMax="2002-12-16" valueMin="2002-11-13">13.xi16.xii.2002</date>
|
||
, K. Nishida, ex eggs of stem gall inducer
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5113F2DAAEDA778FE93FE0E" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Camptocheirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Camptocheirus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5113F2DAF1BA750FE54FE0E" box="[357,492,364,390]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5113F2DAF86A750FD18FE0E" box="[504,672,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on stems of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45E5E3CCE5113F2DAD41A750FAA7FE0E" authority="Kunth" authorityName="Kunth" box="[831,1311,364,390]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cinnamomifolium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B091445DE5113F2DAD41A750FB01FE0D" box="[831,1209,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium</emphasis>
|
||
(Kunth)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (BMNH).
|
||
<typeStatus id="5D5E26EDE5113F2DAFFBA7A8FE44FE26" box="[389,508,404,430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="94E353C6E5113F2DAC77A7A8FDC5FE26" box="[521,637,404,430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="94E353C6E5113F2DACF6A7A8FD5DFE26" box="[648,741,404,430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
with same label data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="5D5E26EDE5113F2DAA68A7A8FBC5FE26" box="[1046,1149,404,430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(BMNH,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FAF2D8DFE5113F2DAA84A7A8FA9EFE26" box="[1274,1318,404,430]" name="Switzerland" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">CH</collectingCountry>
|
||
, INBio, MIUCR).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="825A984FE5113F2DAF46A7D8FDE8FDAE" blockId="5.[264,1323,284,550]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Etymology. From the Latin curculio, weevil, and voro, eat, i.e. “weevileater”, in reference to the preferred host.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |