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405 lines
58 KiB
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<mods:title id="7AE621D895FC7AC5C2D2FF2BB9F107E6">A synopsis of the Neotropical genus Protoneura (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ECE6ED2D664AB6DF2BE824B6719A3477">Garrison, Rosser W.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="D2332A59FFA04E58FF5DFD77FDA26E87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6030133" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137582240" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6030133" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2332A59FFA04E58FF5DFD77FDA26E87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D2332A59FFA04E58FF5DFD77FDA26E87" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="1280C8C4FFA04E59FF5DFD77FB106870" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA04E59FF5DFD77FD1C6851" authority="(Hagen in Selys, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Hagen in Selys" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,676,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligata">
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<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FF5DFD77FD1C6851" bold="true" box="[151,676,764,790]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FF5DFD77FE306851" bold="true" box="[151,392,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Protoneura caligata</emphasis>
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(Hagen
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<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FE38FD77FDB26851" bold="true" box="[498,522,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">in</emphasis>
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Selys, 1886)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA04E59FF5DFC95FB106870" blockId="14.[151,1192,764,823]" box="[151,1192,798,823]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FF5DFC95FF5B6870" box="[151,227,798,823]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1958,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1430,957,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,951,1934]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (1) P. ailsa; (2) P. amatoria; (3) P.aurantiaca; (4) P.caligata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069339/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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(
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<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FF39FC94FEB16870" box="[243,265,799,823]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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habitus), 28 (
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<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FE6CFC94FE016870" box="[422,441,799,823]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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habitus), 50 (
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<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FD9CFC94FDD16870" box="[598,617,799,823]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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mes. plate), 74 (gen. lig.), 100 (
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<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FC18FC94FC5F6870" box="[978,999,799,823]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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app.), 119 (map)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1280C8C4FFA04E59FF5DFCE3FC476E75" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA04E59FF5DFCE3FDB36FE8" blockId="14.[151,1437,870,1260]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA04E59FF5DFCE3FDC5683B" ID-CoL="4323V" authority="Hagen in Selys, 1886: 206" authorityName="Hagen in Selys" authorityPageNumber="206" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,637,870,893]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Microneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligata">
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<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FF5DFCE3FED0683B" box="[151,360,870,893]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Microneura caligata</emphasis>
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Hagen
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<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FE7DFCE3FE73683A" box="[439,459,872,893]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">in</emphasis>
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Selys, 1886: 206
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</taxonomicName>
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, 207 (description of ♂ from Cuba);—
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FC31FCEDFAC5683B" author="Calvert" box="[1019,1405,870,892]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Calvert, P. P. (1919) Gundlach's work on the Odonata of Cuba: a critical study. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 45, 335 - 396." type="journal article" year="1919">Calvert (1919: 349; Gundlach record)</bibRefCitation>
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;—
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FF0DFC0EFB1468FD" author="Westfall" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Westfall, Jr., M. J. (1964 a) Notes on the Odonata of Cuba. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Science, 27 (1), 67 - 85." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">
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Westfall (1964a: 67, 68, 73–78,
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<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FDDFFC0EFD1368DC" box="[533,683,901,923]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1958,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1430,957,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,951,1934]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (1) P. ailsa; (2) P. amatoria; (3) P.aurantiaca; (4) P.caligata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069339/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 1A–D, 2</figureCitation>
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; Cuba, redescription of adults and description of larva, illustrations of ♂ S10, ♀ mesostigmal plates, and larval habitus, prementum, and caudal lamella, notes on behavior)
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
;—
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FB00FC2FFAE068FD" author="Alayo" box="[1226,1368,932,954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Alayo, D. P. (1968 a) Las libelulas de Cuba (Insecta-Odonata). Torreia, Nueva Series No. 2 (Parte I: Texto) 102 pp." type="book" year="1968" yearSuffix="a">Alayo (1968a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FAA8FC2FFACA68FD" author="Alayo" box="[1378,1394,932,954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Alayo, D. P. (1968 b) Las libelulas de Cuba (Insecta-Odonata). Torreia, Nueva Serie No. 3 (Parte II: Laminas) 54 pp." type="book" year="1968" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
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: 76, 77,
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<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FF27FC49FEEC689F" box="[237,340,962,984]" captionStart="FIGURES25–28" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1877,1900]" captionTargetBox="[164,1389,880,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,877,1856]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES25–28. Female body scan; head in dorsal view, thoraxand abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (25) P.ailsa; (26) P. amatoria; (27) P.aurantiaca; (28) P.caligata. Insert in Fig. 25: pronotumin dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069351/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 28A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FE95FC49FE7E689F" box="[351,454,962,984]" captionStart="FIGURES 41–44" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1190,1213]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,203,1156]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[151,1436,193,1169]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 41–44. Female body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (41) P. sanguinipes; (42) P. scintilla; (43) P. sulfurata; (44) P. tenuis. Insert in Fig. 42: posterior lobe of pronotum in dorsal view; in Fig.43: pterothorax in dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069359/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">42N, 42O</figureCitation>
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; records, illustrations of ♂ wings and S10);—
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FC5CFC49FB13689F" author="Paulson" box="[918,1195,962,984]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Paulson, D. R. (1982) Odonata, pp. 249 - 277. In: Hurlbert, S. H. & Villalobos-Figueroa, A. (Eds.), Aquatic biota of Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. San Diego State University, San Diego, California." type="book chapter" year="1982">Paulson (1982: 260; Cuba)</bibRefCitation>
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;—
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FB02FC49FDA368B0" author="Trapero-Quintana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Trapero-Quintana, A. D. & Naranjo-Lopez, J. C. (2003) Revision of the order Odonata in Cuba. Bulletin of American Odonatology, 7 (2), 23 - 40." type="journal article" year="2003">Trapero-Quintana & Naranjo-López (2003: 26; Cuba)</bibRefCitation>
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;—
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FDF0FC6AFBA568B0" author="Paulson" box="[570,1053,993,1015]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Paulson, D. R. (2004) Critical species of Odonata in the Neotropics. International Journal of Odonatology, 7 (2), 163 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2004.9748208" type="journal article" year="2004">Paulson (2004: 176; listed as range restricted)</bibRefCitation>
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;—Paulson & von
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FB2AFC6AFE2E6F51" author="Ellenrieder" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Paulson, D. & von Ellenrieder, N. (2006) Microneura caligata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2006: e. T 60260 A 12317979. Available from: www. iucnredlist. org (accessed 26 January 2016)" type="journal article" year="2006">Ellenrieder (2006; IUCN red list status)</bibRefCitation>
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;—
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FE79FB8BFD266F51" author="Westfall" box="[435,670,1024,1046]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Westfall, Jr., M. J. & May, M. L. (2006) Damselflies of North America. Revised edition. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Gainesville, FL, xii + 502 pp." type="book" year="2006">Westfall & May (2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 418–421, Figs. 211–214; characterization, figures from
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FB11FB8BFACC6F51" author="Westfall" box="[1243,1396,1024,1046]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Westfall, Jr., M. J. (1964 a) Notes on the Odonata of Cuba. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Science, 27 (1), 67 - 85." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Westfall 1964a</bibRefCitation>
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);—
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FF0DFB94FC896F73" author="Pessacq" box="[199,817,1054,1076]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Pessacq, P. (2008) Phylogeny of Neotropical Protoneuridae (Odonata: Zygoptera) and a preliminary study of their relationship with related families. Systematic Entomology, 33, 511 - 528. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.2007.00414. x" type="journal article" year="2008">Pessacq (2008: 521, 524, 526, 527; in phylogenetic analysis)</bibRefCitation>
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;—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FC85FB95FAC56F73" author="Trapero-Quintana" box="[847,1405,1054,1076]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Trapero-Quintana, A. D. & Torres-Cambas, Y. (2008) Actualizacion sistematica de la odonatofauna cubana (Insecta: Odonata). Cocuyo, 17, 25 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">Trapero-Quintana & Torres-Cambas (2008: 26; Cuba)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FF0DFBB6FE176F14" author="Garrison" box="[199,431,1085,1107]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. & Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly genera of the New World. An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, xiv + 490 pp, + 24 pls." type="book" year="2010">
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Garrison
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<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FEE6FBB5FEDD6F14" box="[300,357,1085,1107]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
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(2010
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 366–368, Figs.
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<date id="2E24BD8FFFA04E59FDA2FBB6FD666F14" box="[616,734,1085,1107]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2424" valueMax="2436">2424–2436</date>
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; comparison with other New World protoneurids, illustrations of antennifer, ♀ pronotum and mesostigmal plates and S10, ♂ femur, tibia, wings, genital ligula, and S10);—
|
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<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FAF9FBD7FE176FD7" author="Ramos" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Ramos, J. M. & Rodriguez, Y. F. (2012) Nueva localidad para el endemismo de Cuba central Microneura caligata Hagen in Selys, 1886 (Odonata: Protoneuridae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 50, 408." type="journal article" year="2012">Ramos & Rodríguez (2012: 408)</bibRefCitation>
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||
;—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FE07FBF1FCDA6FD7" author="Meurgey" box="[461,866,1146,1168]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Meurgey, F. (2013) A catalogue of the West Indian dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.): International Journal of Entomology, 49 (3), 298 - 334. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2013.848066" type="journal article" year="2013">Meurgey (2013: 300, 305; distribution)</bibRefCitation>
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;—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FCB5FBF1FB276FD7" author="Torres-Cambas" box="[895,1183,1146,1168]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Torres-Cambas, Y., Trapero-Quintana, A., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Newell, D., Suriel, C. & Cordero-Rivera, A. (2015). An update on the distribution of threatened odonate species from the Greater Antilles. International Journal of Odonatology, 18 (2), 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2014.928241" type="journal article" year="2015">
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Torres-Cambas
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<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FBEEFBF0FBE16FD7" box="[1060,1113,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 2–5, 8, 12; distribution, evaluation of threatened status).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA04E59FF5DFB32FA256FAB" blockId="14.[151,1437,870,1260]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA04E59FF5DFB32FEDC6F89" baseAuthorityName="Hagen in Selys" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,356,1208,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligata">
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<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FF5DFB32FEDC6F89" box="[151,356,1208,1230]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Protoneura caligata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FEB4FB33FC4D6F89" author="Gundlach" box="[382,1013,1208,1230]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Gundlach, J. (1888) Contribucion a la Entomologia Cubana. Parte Tercera. Neuropteros. Anales de la Academia de Ciencias Medicas, Fisicas y Naturales de la Habana, La Habana, Cuba, 29, 191 - 283." type="journal article" year="1888">
|
||
Gundlach (1888: 219;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="228DDBDFFFA04E59FDAEFB33FD246F89" box="[612,668,1208,1230]" name="Cuba" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
, description of color pattern of
|
||
<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FC14FB33FC576F89" box="[990,1007,1208,1230]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA04E59FBD9FB33FAF46F89" author="Lorenzo-Carballa" box="[1043,1356,1208,1230]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Lorenzo-Carballa, O. M., Torres-Cambas, Y., Ferreira, S., Trapero-Quintana, A. D. & Cordero-Rivera, A. (2016) Microneura caligata is a junior synonym of Protoneura caligata (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae). International Journal of Odonatology, 19 (1 - 2), 13 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2016.1138692" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Lorenzo-Carballa
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FB19FB32FABF6F89" box="[1235,1287,1208,1230]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 13–22,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FF0DFB5DFE9F6FAB" box="[199,295,1238,1260]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1958,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1430,957,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,951,1934]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (1) P. ailsa; (2) P. amatoria; (3) P.aurantiaca; (4) P.caligata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069339/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 3, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
; generic transfer based on molecular analysis, behavioral notes, pictures of habitat, emergence, and oviposition).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA04E59FF5DFA92FC476E75" blockId="14.[151,1437,1305,2014]" box="[151,1023,1305,1330]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="EAF29112FFA04E59FF5DFA92FC476E75" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1703062514" box="[151,1023,1305,1330]" collectionCode="RBINS" country="Cuba" location="Guerin-Meneville" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FF5DFA92FEF06E75" bold="true" box="[151,328,1305,1330]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Primary
|
||
<typeStatus id="852125EDFFA04E59FEC9FA92FEFB6E75" box="[259,323,1305,1330]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">types</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="852125EDFFA04E59FE85FA92FE0F6E75" box="[335,439,1305,1330]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FE74FA91FE6E6E76" box="[446,470,1306,1329]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="228DDBDFFFA04E59FE28FA92FDA56E75" box="[482,541,1305,1330]" name="Cuba" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="3C8B038AFFA04E59FDE1FA91FD3B6E75" box="[555,643,1306,1330]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">RBINS</collectionCode>
|
||
, ex collection
|
||
<location id="5F45CD94FFA04E59FCEFFA92FC4C6E75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2332A59FFA04E58FF5DFD77FDA26E87:5F45CD94FFA04E59FCEFFA92FC4C6E75" box="[805,1012,1305,1330]" country="Cuba" name="Guerin-Meneville" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Guérin-Méneville</location>
|
||
].
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1280C8C4FFA04E58FF0DFAB6FCA46ACF" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA04E59FF0DFAB6FDDA6ED9" blockId="14.[151,1437,1305,2014]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="EAF29112FFA04E59FF0DFAB6FC2A6E12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1703062550" box="[199,914,1341,1366]" country="Cuba" location="Sancti Spiritus" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Sancti Spiritus">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FF0DFAB6FE716E11" bold="true" box="[199,457,1341,1366]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FE18FAB5FE466E12" box="[466,510,1342,1366]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FDC2FAB5FD8E6E12" box="[520,566,1342,1366]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="228DDBDFFFA04E59FD8FFAB5FD2E6E11" box="[581,662,1342,1366]" name="Cuba" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">CUBA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="985E55ADFFA04E59FD6EFAB6FCF26E11" box="[676,842,1341,1366]" country="Cuba" name="Sancti Spiritus" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sancti Spiritus</collectingRegion>
|
||
Prov.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="EAF29112FFA04E59FC55FAB5FF4B6ED9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1703062533" collectingDate="1959-06-05" collectingDateMax="1959-06-08" collectingDateMin="1959-06-05" collectionCode="FSCA" collectorName="Westfall, Jr." country="Trinidad and Tobago" elevation="700" latitude="21.916666" location="Trinidad Mountains" longLatPrecision="1262" longitude="-80.01667" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="3">
|
||
<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FC55FAB5FC736E12" box="[927,971,1342,1366]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FC1FFAB5FBB96E12" box="[981,1025,1342,1366]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5F45CD94FFA04E59FBD8FAB6FB4B6E11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2332A59FFA04E58FF5DFD77FDA26E87:5F45CD94FFA04E59FBD8FAB6FB4B6E11" box="[1042,1267,1341,1366]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" latitude="21.916666" longLatPrecision="1262" longitude="-80.01667" name="Trinidad Mountains" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trinidad Mountains</location>
|
||
near
|
||
<collectingCountry id="228DDBDFFFA04E59FAFCFAB6FA206E11" box="[1334,1432,1341,1366]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
, small stream
|
||
<locationDeviation id="4B97826DFFA04E59FEE7FAE9FD336E3D" box="[301,651,1377,1402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<quantity id="9D6236AAFFA04E59FEE7FAE9FED86E3D" box="[301,352,1377,1402]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1265408" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mi" value="7.0">7 mi</quantity>
|
||
N of Cienfuegos-Trinidad
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
road {
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3FAEFD88FFA04E59FD1FFAEAFCF86E3E" box="[725,832,1377,1402]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="21.916666">21°55' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3FAEFD88FFA04E59FC86FAE9FC116E3E" box="[844,937,1378,1402]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="-80.01667">80°1' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="9D6236AAFFA04E59FC7EFAE9FBBA6E3D" box="[948,1026,1377,1402]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="D1B77C7CFFA04E59FC7EFAE9FBBA6E3D" box="[948,1026,1377,1402]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
},
|
||
<date id="2E24BD8FFFA04E59FBDDFAEAFB1A6E3D" box="[1047,1186,1377,1402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1959-06-05" valueMax="1959-06-08" valueMin="1959-06-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3E604467FFA04E59FBDDFAEAFB1A6E3D" box="[1047,1186,1377,1402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1959-06-05" valueMax="1959-06-08" valueMin="1959-06-05">5–8 vi 1959</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, M.J.
|
||
<collectorName id="F76FFE99FFA04E59FB2DFAEAFAD46E3E" box="[1255,1388,1377,1402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Westfall, Jr.</collectorName>
|
||
leg. [
|
||
<collectionCode id="3C8B038AFFA04E59FF57FA0DFF546ED9" box="[157,236,1414,1438]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="EAF29112FFA04E59FF34FA0DFDDA6ED9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1703062528" box="[254,610,1413,1438]" collectingDate="1959-06-05" collectingDateMax="1959-06-08" collectingDateMin="1959-06-05" collectionCode="FSCA" collectorName="Westfall, Jr." country="Trinidad and Tobago" elevation="700" latitude="21.916666" location="Trinidad Mountains" longLatPrecision="1262" longitude="-80.01667" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FF34FA0DFE906EDA" box="[254,296,1414,1438]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="4C9C50C6FFA04E59FEE5FA0DFEE16EDA" box="[303,345,1414,1438]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same data but [RWG].
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA04E59FF0DFA22FAC66CD1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1305,2014]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA04E59FF0DFA22FE226E85" bold="true" box="[199,410,1449,1474]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Characterization.</emphasis>
|
||
Male: Epicranium and thorax, dorsum of S1–2, 10, distal portion of S3, and most of S4–9 black; pale colors reddish orange, pale blue and yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FCD3FA46FCD86EA1" box="[793,864,1485,1510]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1958,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1430,957,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,951,1934]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (1) P. ailsa; (2) P. amatoria; (3) P.aurantiaca; (4) P.caligata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069339/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum anterior lobe black with lateral orange spots, middle lobe with dorsum orange, and posterior lobe entirely orange. Mesepisternum black with a narrow orange antehumeral stripe along basal 4/5 of sclerite; mesepimeron black with narrow orange stripe along distal 2/ 3 of mesepisternal-mesepimeral suture; metepisternum black with posterior half along basal 2/3 pale yellow; metepimeron pale yellow with anterobasal and anterodistal corners black. Coxa, trochanter, and basal half of outer surface of femur red, distal half of femur covered in bluish-white pruinescence; tibial spurs as long as or longer than twice intervening spaces. Genital ligula lacking lateral lobes and with a straight distal margin, with laterodistal corners of distal segment projected ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FD70F942FCAC6DA5" box="[698,788,1737,1762]" captionStart="FIGURES 71–78" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1923,1946]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,206,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[155,1440,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 71–78. Genital ligula inectal (71–78a) and lateral (71–78b) views (to scale). (71) P.ailsa; (72) P.amatoria; (73) P. aurantiaca; (74) P.caligata; (75) P.calverti; (76) P.capillaris; (77) P.cara; (78) P.corculum. All by RWG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069365/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cercus shorter than S10 length, slightly shorter than paraproct, longer than wide in lateral view, with a longitudinal split along dorsal portion of external surface, delimiting a medial sclerotized branch which ends on a thick blunt tooth directed medioventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FAE2F89AFA376C6D" box="[1320,1423,1809,1834]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–102" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,210,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[152,1437,199,1873]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069376/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
|
||
); remainder of cercus foliaceous, medially concave, with a small triangular tooth at ventrobasal edge, and a long, curved thick pointed tooth at mediobasal edge directed medioposteriorly. Paraproct longer than S10 length, at midlength narrowing to half its basal width and with tip concave medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA04E59FC29F8F6FBFD6CD1" box="[995,1093,1917,1942]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–102" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,210,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[152,1437,199,1873]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069376/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
|
||
). TL 40.5–43; Hw 20.5–21.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA04E58FF0DF82AFCA46ACF" blockId="14.[151,1437,1305,2014]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,1472]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Female: As male but pale areas orange to yellow; dorsum of abdomen black except base of S3–7; middle lobe of pronotum black with yellow restricted to a lateral spot; posterior lobe of pronotum black with lateral margins only yellow; antehumeral stripe along basal 1/2 of sclerite; orange stripe along distal 1/2 of mesepisternalmesepimeral suture; legs with coxae, trochanters, and flexor surface of femora yellow; pruinescence present along sides and venter of thorax; pale lateral area of S9 extended dorsally medially to about 1/3 of segment height. Middle lobe of pronotum lacking pronounced lateral depressions; posterior lobe directed anterodorsally, lying over middle lobe of pronotum, trilobed with medial lobe constricted at base and cleft with distal corners divergent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FAAEFEACFF596A23" captionStart="FIGURES 47–50" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[278,1308,575,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[264,1323,555,1910]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 47–50. Female pronotum (50a, c) and mesostigmal plates (47–49; 50b, d), in lateral (48a; 50 a, b) and dorsal (47; 48b; 49; 50c, d) views (to scale). (47) P.ailsa; (48) P.amatoria; (49) P.aurantiaca; (50) P. caligata. Figure 50 by RWG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069363/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 50a, c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesostigmal plate enlarged and expanded into a flat foliaceous plate directed dorsally, with posterior surface concave (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FE90FEE4FE5A6ACF" box="[346,482,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–50" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[278,1308,575,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[264,1323,555,1910]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 47–50. Female pronotum (50a, c) and mesostigmal plates (47–49; 50b, d), in lateral (48a; 50 a, b) and dorsal (47; 48b; 49; 50c, d) views (to scale). (47) P.ailsa; (48) P.amatoria; (49) P.aurantiaca; (50) P. caligata. Figure 50 by RWG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069363/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 50b, d</figureCitation>
|
||
). TL 37–38.5; Hw 23–23.5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1280C8C4FFA14E58FF0DFE1FFAA26E4A" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA14E58FF0DFE1FFAD768AA" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FF0DFE1FFEF96AEA" bold="true" box="[199,321,404,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Tibial spurs as long as or longer than twice intervening spaces are unique for this species within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FF5DFE32FEAF6A97" authorityName="Selys in Sagra" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,279,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FF5DFE32FEAF6A97" box="[151,279,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Protoneura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Male cercus morphology, with a medial sclerotized branch which ends on a tooth directed medioventrally and remainder of cercus foliaceous, medially concave, with a small triangular tooth on outer ventrobasal edge, and a long, curved thick pointed tooth at medial ventrobasal edge directed medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FADEFE74FACD695F" box="[1300,1397,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–102" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,210,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[152,1437,199,1873]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069376/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
|
||
), is shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FEEBFDAEFE10697B" baseAuthorityName="Rambur" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[289,424,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capillaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FEEBFDAEFE10697B" box="[289,424,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. capillaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FE7DFDAEFD9D697B" authorityName="Daigle" authorityYear="1990" box="[439,549,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dunklei">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FE7DFDAEFD9D697B" box="[439,549,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. dunklei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FDFEFDAEFD6E697B" authorityName="Westfall" authorityYear="1987" box="[564,726,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FDFEFDAEFD6E697B" box="[564,726,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. sanguinipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FCDEFDAEFCCC697B" authorityName="Westfall" authorityYear="1964" box="[788,884,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FCDEFDAEFCCC697B" box="[788,884,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FC42FDAFFC4C697B" box="[904,1012,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–102" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,210,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[152,1437,199,1873]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069376/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 102</figureCitation>
|
||
; 106; 113; 117). Within this group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FA4DFDAEFF4B6927" baseAuthorityName="Hagen in Selys" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligata">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FA4DFDAEFF4B6927" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. caligata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FEBEFDC2FE466927" baseAuthorityName="Rambur" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[372,510,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capillaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FEBEFDC2FE466927" box="[372,510,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. capillaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FDF2FDC2FD216927" authorityName="Westfall" authorityYear="1964" box="[568,665,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FDF2FDC2FD216927" box="[568,665,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the medial sclerotized branch of male cercus ending on a tooth directed medioventrally located at cercus tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FD69FDE7FCAA69C3" box="[675,786,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–102" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,210,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[152,1437,199,1873]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069376/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 100</figureCitation>
|
||
; 102; 117) and by distal margin of genital ligula straight with laterodistal corners projected ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FD5EFD04FD4B69EF" box="[660,755,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 71–78" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1923,1946]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,206,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[155,1440,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 71–78. Genital ligula inectal (71–78a) and lateral (71–78b) views (to scale). (71) P.ailsa; (72) P.amatoria; (73) P. aurantiaca; (74) P.caligata; (75) P.calverti; (76) P.capillaris; (77) P.cara; (78) P.corculum. All by RWG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069365/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
; 76; 93); in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FCB5FD1AFC5769EF" authorityName="Daigle" authorityYear="1990" box="[895,1007,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dunklei">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FCB5FD1AFC5769EF" box="[895,1007,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. dunklei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FBEDFD1AFB7169E0" authorityName="Westfall" authorityYear="1987" box="[1063,1225,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FBEDFD1AFB7169E0" box="[1063,1225,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. sanguinipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the medial branch ends on a broad triangular tip located at about midlength of cercus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FC69FD3FFBA9698A" box="[931,1041,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 106–108" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[176,1429,211,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@62.[156,1441,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 106–108. Male caudal appendages in lateral (106–108a), posterodorsal (106–108b), and dorsal (106–108b) views (not to scale). (106) P.dunklei; (107) P. klugi; (108) P. macintyrei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069380/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 106</figureCitation>
|
||
; 113), and distal margin of genital ligula is convex triangular with laterodistal corners not projected ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FBC6FD5CFBD769B7" box="[1036,1135,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–84" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1892,1915]" captionTargetBox="[201,1453,206,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[185,1470,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 79–84. Genitalligula in ectal (79–84a), lateral (79–84b), and entolateral (81c; 84c) views (to scale).(79) P.cupida; (80) P.dunklei; (81) P.klugi; (82) P.macintyrei; (83) P.paucinervis; (84) P. peramans. All by RWG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069367/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 80</figureCitation>
|
||
; 87).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FB7FFD52FA2469B7" baseAuthorityName="Hagen in Selys" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1205,1436,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligata">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FB7FFD52FA2469B7" box="[1205,1436,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Protoneura caligata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from males of all four species by the bright red-orange dorsum of pronotum middle lobe, posterior lobe, and antehumeral stripe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FEBDFC94FE05687F" box="[375,445,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1958,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1430,957,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,951,1934]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (1) P. ailsa; (2) P. amatoria; (3) P.aurantiaca; (4) P.caligata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069339/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), which are entirely (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FD65FC94FCB6687F" box="[687,782,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–12" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1181,1204]" captionTargetBox="[161,1431,188,1154]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1160]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 9–12. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale).(9) P.cupida; (10) P. dunklei; (11) P.klugi; (l2) P.macintyrei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069343/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
; 17) or almost entirely (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FBD5FC94FBC8687F" box="[1055,1136,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1532,1555]" captionTargetBox="[162,1429,524,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,519,1510]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (5) P. calverti; (6) P. capillaris; (7) P.cara; (8) P.corculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069341/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
; 21) dark in the other four species, and by cercus shorter than paraproct and S10 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FCC6FCCFFCD7681B" box="[780,879,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–102" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,210,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[152,1437,199,1873]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069376/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
|
||
), vs. cercus as long or longer than paraproct and S10 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FF1EFCECFEFA68C7" box="[212,322,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 100–102" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,210,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[152,1437,199,1873]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069376/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 102</figureCitation>
|
||
; 106; 113; 117). Female can be distinguished from all congeners by its trilobed posterior lobe of pronotum directed anteriorly and with medial lobe constricted and cleft (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FC23FC07FBF968E2" box="[1001,1089,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–50" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1931,1954]" captionTargetBox="[278,1308,575,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[264,1323,555,1910]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 47–50. Female pronotum (50a, c) and mesostigmal plates (47–49; 50b, d), in lateral (48a; 50 a, b) and dorsal (47; 48b; 49; 50c, d) views (to scale). (47) P.ailsa; (48) P.amatoria; (49) P.aurantiaca; (50) P. caligata. Figure 50 by RWG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069363/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FB92FC06FB7268E3" authorityName="Daigle" authorityYear="1990" box="[1112,1226,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dunklei">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FB92FC06FB7268E3" box="[1112,1226,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. dunklei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FB16FC06FACE68E3" authorityName="Westfall" authorityYear="1987" box="[1244,1398,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FB16FC06FACE68E3" box="[1244,1398,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P.sanguinipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FA4DFC06FEBD688F" authorityName="Calvert in Skinner" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peramans">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FA4DFC06FEBD688F" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. peramans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FE8CFC3BFE2F6880" authorityName="Gonzalez-Soriano" authorityYear="1992" box="[326,407,944,967]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Protoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rojiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FE8CFC3BFE2F6880" box="[326,407,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P.rojiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also have a trilobed posterior lobe of pronotum directed anteriorly, but the medial lobe is entire in the first two (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FE5BFC5FFE4968AA" box="[401,497,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,210,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[154,1439,193,1880]" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. Female pronotum (60b; 63a) and mesostigmal plates (60a, c; 61; 62; 63b), in lateral (60a; 61a) and dorsal (60b, c; 61b; 62; 63) views (to scale). (60) P. peramans; (61) P. rojiza; (62) P. romanae; (63) P. sanguinipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7319756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7319756/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 63a</figureCitation>
|
||
), and bilobed but broad with smoothly convex sides in the latter two (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FACAFC5FFADA68AA" box="[1280,1378,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,210,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[154,1439,193,1880]" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. Female pronotum (60b; 63a) and mesostigmal plates (60a, c; 61; 62; 63b), in lateral (60a; 61a) and dorsal (60b, c; 61b; 62; 63) views (to scale). (60) P. peramans; (61) P. rojiza; (62) P. romanae; (63) P. sanguinipes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7319756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7319756/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 60b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA14E58FF0DFC7CFAA26E4A" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FF0DFC7CFE026F57" bold="true" box="[199,442,1015,1040]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Habitat and biology.</emphasis>
|
||
The habitat has been described as cold, deeply shaded mountain forest streams (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FAF4FC7CFF646F72" author="Westfall" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Westfall, Jr., M. J. (1964 a) Notes on the Odonata of Cuba. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Science, 27 (1), 67 - 85." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Westfall 1964a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with bed formed by sand, gravel and boulders and with pools and rapids through the water course (Lorenzo- Carballa
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FF34FBCAFE806F1F" box="[254,312,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FE5BFBB4FDF56F1F" author="Westfall" box="[401,589,1087,1112]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Westfall, Jr., M. J. (1964 a) Notes on the Odonata of Cuba. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Science, 27 (1), 67 - 85." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Westfall (1964a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described oviposition as occurring in tandem in moss on rocks just below the water surface.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FEAFFBEFFD046F3A" box="[357,700,1124,1149]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Lorenzo-Carballa, O. M., Torres-Cambas, Y., Ferreira, S., Trapero-Quintana, A. D. & Cordero-Rivera, A. (2016) Microneura caligata is a junior synonym of Protoneura caligata (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae). International Journal of Odonatology, 19 (1 - 2), 13 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2016.1138692" type="journal article">
|
||
Lorenzo-Carballa
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FDFBFBEEFDD26F3B" box="[561,618,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that during oviposition in tandem, the male remains in a vertical position with wings motionless or settles on the oviposition substratum, which includes stems of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FAF4FB03FA236FD8" box="[1342,1435,1160,1183]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Cyperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FAF4FB03FA236FD8" box="[1342,1435,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cyperus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FF0CFB27FE696F83" authorityName="J.Koenig" authorityYear="1783" box="[198,465,1196,1220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Hedychium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coronarium">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FF0CFB27FE696F83" box="[198,465,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hedychium coronarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and submerged stems of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D9AE0CCFFA14E58FD39FB27FC736F83" box="[755,971,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Mikania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FD39FB27FC736F83" box="[755,971,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mikania micrantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They also observed females ovipositing alone and occasionally submerged, either in tandem with the male or alone, and events of group oviposition with several tandem pairs ovipositing on the same substratum. The larva was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FB92FB7FFAAE6E4A" author="Westfall" box="[1112,1302,1268,1293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Westfall, Jr., M. J. (1964 a) Notes on the Odonata of Cuba. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Science, 27 (1), 67 - 85." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Westfall (1964a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1280C8C4FFA14E58FF0DFA9CFDA26E87" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="5A259B4FFFA14E58FF0DFA9CFDA26E87" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FF0DFA9CFED86E77" bold="true" box="[199,352,1303,1328]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Endemic to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="228DDBDFFFA14E58FE24FA9CFD916E77" box="[494,553,1303,1328]" name="Cuba" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C2A187CAFFA14E58FDF3FA9CFD216E77" box="[569,665,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 119–120" captionStartId="66.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[169,1403,208,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@66.[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 119–120. Distribution maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1069392/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 119</figureCitation>
|
||
), where according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FC40FA9CFB7E6E77" box="[906,1222,1303,1328]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Torres-Cambas, Y., Trapero-Quintana, A., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Newell, D., Suriel, C. & Cordero-Rivera, A. (2015). An update on the distribution of threatened odonate species from the Greater Antilles. International Journal of Odonatology, 18 (2), 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2014.928241" type="journal article">
|
||
Torres-Cambas
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FBF6FA92FBCC6E77" box="[1084,1140,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
it is now restricted to the Guamuhaya Mountains in central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="228DDBDFFFA14E58FDA9FAB7FD1A6E12" box="[611,674,1340,1365]" name="Cuba" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Older populations from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="985E55ADFFA14E58FC0AFAB7FC426E12" box="[960,1018,1340,1365]" country="Honduras" name="Valle" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Valle</collectingRegion>
|
||
de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="228DDBDFFFA14E58FBECFAB7FB3D6E12" box="[1062,1157,1340,1365]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Júcaro in the plains (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FF54FAD4FEF76E3F" author="Gundlach" box="[158,335,1375,1400]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Gundlach, J. (1888) Contribucion a la Entomologia Cubana. Parte Tercera. Neuropteros. Anales de la Academia de Ciencias Medicas, Fisicas y Naturales de la Habana, La Habana, Cuba, 29, 191 - 283." type="journal article" year="1888">Gundlach 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FE91FAD4FDBC6E3F" author="Westfall" box="[347,516,1375,1400]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Westfall, Jr., M. J. (1964 a) Notes on the Odonata of Cuba. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Science, 27 (1), 67 - 85." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Westfall 1964a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are probably extinct, as most of the plains have been deforested and transformed into sugar cane plantations or pasturelands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FD62FA0FFC526EDA" author="Torres-Cambas" box="[680,1002,1412,1437]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Torres-Cambas, Y., Trapero-Quintana, A., Lorenzo-Carballa, M. O., Newell, D., Suriel, C. & Cordero-Rivera, A. (2015). An update on the distribution of threatened odonate species from the Greater Antilles. International Journal of Odonatology, 18 (2), 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2014.928241" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Torres-Cambas
|
||
<emphasis id="68EE475DFFA14E58FCABFA0EFC186EDB" box="[865,928,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Assessed as Endangered by IUCN (Paulson & von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0BE6BEFFA14E58FE87FA2CFDB66E87" author="Ellenrieder" box="[333,526,1447,1472]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Paulson, D. & von Ellenrieder, N. (2006) Microneura caligata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2006: e. T 60260 A 12317979. Available from: www. iucnredlist. org (accessed 26 January 2016)" type="journal article" year="2006">Ellenrieder 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |