465 lines
66 KiB
XML
465 lines
66 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8B92A3707ED9E7ACB49CC59CD1DD2EC3">Contributions To The Study Of The Early Jurassic Petrified Forest Of Holbav And Cristian Areas (Brașov Region, South Carpathians, Romania), 2 Part.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A950DE6991A7A5F6B79A4C62F9F88938">Iamandei, Stanila</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C2050BD118D1CAA5870DDDB59078EA71">Geological Institute of Romania, 1 st, Caransebeş Street, 012271 – Bucharest, Romania.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7461493BAFA6949788DC7A12F75C72B0">Iamandei, Eugenia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F07A4CEB32C2E79C4B9FCD23FB4971B">Geological Institute of Romania, 1 st, Caransebeş Street, 012271 - Bucharest, Romania. iamandei @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="961469A028A24AE783854FF7B8A0D6B4" type="email">iamandei@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="AF31FB239C571CBE0D78198598271687">Grădinaru, Eugen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="27FD0FCB0B496E777905E2E447745CE4">University of Bucharest, Department of Geology, 1, Bălcescu Nicolae Blvd., 010041, Bucharest, Romania. egradinaru @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2B7C941BDB0671604B565AFFCC9396D5" type="email">egradinaru@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="8E045D33F3DBC5746159EC5E3AA6A2ED">Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EB62F1D4936BB4F8A1FA086F766591B2">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="341887851D4DFFBD94DBE455FE61582D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:341887851D4DFFBD94DBE455FE61582D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/341887851D4DFFBD94DBE455FE61582D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="F4AB65181D4DFFB894DBE455FE2A5E1B" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB894DBE455FE2A5E1B" blockId="1.[161,761,853,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4DFFB894DBE455FE2A5E1B" authority="Iamandei and Iamandei, 2000" authorityName="Iamandei and Iamandei" authorityYear="2000" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dragastanii">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB894DBE455FDDA5E3A" box="[162,526,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Protocupressinoxylon dragastanii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4DFFB8966CE455FE2A5E1B" author="Iamandei E. & Iamandei S." pageId="1" pageNumber="26" pagination="191 - 199" refId="ref15071" refString="Iamandei E. and Iamandei S., 2000. Bois fossiles de Coniferes dans l'Aptien de Dobroudja de Sud, Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, 2 (1999): 191 - 199." type="journal article" year="2000">Iamandei and Iamandei, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F4AB65181D4DFFB895EFE416FDD15EF9" box="[406,517,1151,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB895EFE416FDD15EF9" blockId="1.[161,761,853,1175]" box="[406,517,1151,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<figureCitation id="248A2A161D4DFFB895EFE416FE005EF9" box="[406,468,1151,1175]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[183,218,1925,1946]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,154,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-30@2.[183,1404,154,1916]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Protocupressinoxylon dragastanii Iamandei and Iamandei, 2000 (inventory no. 27699). a-c: Cross section - tracheids polygonal with rounded corners, linear rays and diffuse parenchyma; d-f: Tangential section - uniseriate rays with polygonal ray-cells, sometimes with biseriate storeys; g-i: Radial section - radial pitting on tracheids 1-2 - seriate, of mixed-type; when biseriate, pits are alternate (g, i); cross-fields with 1-2(4) cupressoid pits, when more - are slightly irregular or alternate, in two superposed rows (g, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10520853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10520853/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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, a-i.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F4AB65181D4DFFB894EEE4A8FDFA5CC6" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB894EEE4A8FF2E5EB7" blockId="1.[151,771,1217,1704]" box="[151,250,1217,1241]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB894EEE4A8FF2E5EB7" bold="true" box="[151,250,1217,1241]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB894EEE48BFDFA5CC6" blockId="1.[151,771,1217,1704]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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The studied material is represented by 14 samples of silicified wood collected from the Holbav area. All studied samples are fragments of trunk or thick-branches, of decimetric size, dark to black color and by magnifying glass or even by naked eye, the regular fibrous structure without vessels suggesting a conifer wood. The described specimens attributed to this taxon have very similar details and have the following field-numbers within the "Grădinaru Collection": 1074, 1077, 1082, 1084, 1086, 1088, 1092, 1097, 1098, 1099, 1100, 1104, 1106, 1109 and are stored at the National Museum of Geology, in
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<collectingRegion id="7E75F8711D4DFFB894EEE627FED05C08" box="[151,260,1614,1638]" country="Romania" name="Bucuresti" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Bucharest</collectingRegion>
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, under the inventory numbers: 27691, 27692, 27693, 27694, 27695, 27696, 27697, 27698, 27699, 27700, 27701, 27702, 277203, 27720.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F4AB65181D4DFFB894EEE6BAFAD85DDF" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB894EEE6BAFE7C5C85" blockId="1.[151,771,1747,2068]" box="[151,424,1747,1771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB894EEE6BAFE7C5C85" bold="true" box="[151,424,1747,1771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Microscopic description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB894EEE69DFEF85DBC" blockId="1.[151,771,1747,2068]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB894EEE69DFEFD5D62" box="[151,297,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Growth rings</emphasis>
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– in the studied samples represent secondary xylem, which is tracheidoxylic. Thus, in cross-section they appear more or less well developed, sometimes wide with more than 60 cells, showing a fairly abrupt or gradual transition from early- to late-wood and distinct boundaries of the growth-rings. Normal or traumatic axial resin canals absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB894EEE7B2FC3A5E7C" blockId="1.[151,771,1747,2068]" lastBlockId="1.[816,1437,158,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB894EEE7B2FED65D9D" box="[151,258,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Tracheids</emphasis>
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– in cross-section appear large and with relatively thin walls in the early-wood, having quasi-polygonal cross-section (4-5 sides), and are sometimes deformed by compression. They have radial/tangential diameters of 30-60(70) / 25-60(70) μm and the wall thickness of 4-7 μm double wall. Where gradual size transition is present, a well-developed transitional wood is visible, with tracheids gradually diminishing their section and tracheidal wall becoming progressively thicker, until the final 3-5 rows of the late-wood, which consist of smaller radially flattened cells (with r/tg diameters of 20- 25 / 10-20 μm) and thicker walled, of 8-10 μm across the double-wall, marking the growth-ring boundary. Between two successive rays, 1-9 radial rows of tracheids can be counted. Sometimes, radial rows of smaller-sized tracheids are intermingled. The density is between 750-1216 tracheids / mm
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<superScript id="4BC49BDB1D4DFFB897ACE202FC0A5817" attach="right" box="[981,990,619,633]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">2</superScript>
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. In longitudinal view, tracheids have on the radial walls 1-2-seriate pits, sometimes contiguous, and of mixed
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<typeStatus id="630A88311D4DFFB897BCE2D9FC2158A6" box="[965,1013,688,712]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
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, because when are biseriate the pits are often alternately arranged. Sometimes crassulae are present. The pits are of abietinean
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<typeStatus id="630A88311D4DFFB890E9E29BFB155964" box="[1168,1217,754,778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
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, have 10-12 μm diameter and round to oval apertures, of 5-6 μm. No details about torus. On the tangential walls, pits are usually absent, or rarely present, as poorly preserved, uniseriate, small round pits, of 5-6 μm in diameter, with small round to oval aperture. Inside the tracheids, organic deposits are sometimes present as dark remains. Average tracheid length is difficult to measure. Helical thickenings on tracheids are absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB89749E472FAB35ED6" blockId="1.[816,1437,158,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB89749E472FC205E5D" box="[816,1012,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Axial parenchyma</emphasis>
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– in the cross sections is usually absent or rarely present, as dispersed thin-walled cells with dark content. In longitudinal view it appears as rows of rectangular cells, with the horizontal wall thin and smooth, rarely feebly nodular and with some dark remains inside.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB89749E4ABFB8A5D01" blockId="1.[816,1437,158,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB89749E4ABFCB05EB7" box="[816,868,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Rays</emphasis>
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– usually appear thin in cross section while in tangential sections appear exclusively uniseriate, sometimes with some biseriate storeys, having up to 15 cells in height, sometimes more. Their density is 6-9 rays per tangential millimeter. In radial view the rays show homocellular aspect, with parenchymal cells all procumbent, 18-20 μm tall, marginals slightly taller, of 25-30 μm. The horizontal ray-cell walls are smooth or slightly rough and usually pitted, and are relatively thin (2-3.5 μm double wall); the tangential end-walls are relatively thick, of 1.5- 2 μm the simple wall, smooth or slightly nodular, but usually poorly preserved. The indentures are missing or difficult to notice. Spiral thickenings were not observed, most probably are absent. The cross-field pitting is of cupressoid
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<typeStatus id="630A88311D4DFFB897D2E6F8FC085CC7" box="[939,988,1681,1705]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
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, showing 1-2(4-5) pits, in 1-2 rows horizontally arranged, and sometimes irregular or even to slightly alternate aspect. The pits are oculipores of cupressoid
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<typeStatus id="630A88311D4DFFB897E8E69DFC155D62" box="[913,961,1780,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
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, 8-10 μm in diameter, with slit- like or lenslike apertures of 2-5 μm. Sometimes cross- field pitting is difficult to observe, due to poor preservation or to the presence of organic content.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB89749E711FB3C5DFE" blockId="1.[816,1437,158,1969]" box="[816,1256,1912,1936]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB89749E711FB8F5DFE" box="[816,1115,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Radial or axial resin canals</emphasis>
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– are absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4DFFB89749E7F0FAD85DDF" blockId="1.[816,1437,158,1969]" box="[816,1292,1945,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4DFFB89749E7F0FC2D5DDF" box="[816,1017,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Mineral inclusions</emphasis>
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– usually are not present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="E8CE661B1D4EFFBB94CEE7ECFD79527F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10520853" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10520853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10520853/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="27" startId="2.[183,218,1925,1946]" targetBox="[183,1404,154,1916]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4EFFBB94CEE7ECFB945DF4" blockId="2.[183,1405,1924,2065]" box="[183,1088,1924,1946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4EFFBB94CEE7ECFF255DF4" bold="true" box="[183,241,1925,1946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="27">Fig. 1</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4EFFBB948EE7EDFCB65DF4" authority="Iamandei and Iamandei, 2000" authorityName="Iamandei and Iamandei" authorityYear="2000" box="[247,866,1924,1946]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dragastanii">
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||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4EFFBB948EE7EDFDEA5DF4" box="[247,574,1924,1946]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="27">Protocupressinoxylon dragastanii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4EFFBB963CE7EDFCB65DF4" author="Iamandei E. & Iamandei S." box="[581,866,1924,1946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="27" pagination="191 - 199" refId="ref15071" refString="Iamandei E. and Iamandei S., 2000. Bois fossiles de Coniferes dans l'Aptien de Dobroudja de Sud, Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, 2 (1999): 191 - 199." type="journal article" year="2000">Iamandei and Iamandei, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(inventory no. 27699).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4EFFBB94CEE7CAFD79527F" blockId="2.[183,1405,1924,2065]" pageId="2" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4EFFBB94CEE7CAFF0A5DD6" bold="true" box="[183,222,1955,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="27">a-c:</emphasis>
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Cross section - tracheids polygonal with rounded corners, linear rays and diffuse parenchyma;
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4EFFBB90F4E7CAFB665DD6" bold="true" box="[1165,1202,1955,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="27">d-f:</emphasis>
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Tangential section - uniseriate rays with polygonal ray-cells, sometimes with biseriate storeys;
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<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4EFFBB97F0E7A9FC785DBB" bold="true" box="[905,940,1984,2005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="27">g-i:</emphasis>
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Radial section - radial pitting on tracheids 1-2 - seriate, of mixed-type; when biseriate, pits are alternate (g, i); cross-fields with 1-2(4) cupressoid pits, when more - are slightly irregular or alternate, in two superposed rows (g, h).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="F4AB65181D4FFFBD94EEE0F7FE61582D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA94EEE0F7FE785AD8" blockId="3.[151,772,158,2068]" box="[151,428,158,182]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA94EEE0F7FE785AD8" bold="true" box="[151,428,158,182]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Affinities and discussion</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA94EEE0D6FF3158A9" blockId="3.[151,772,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
The xylotomy of the here studied
|
||
<specimenCount id="AAB7FD1A1D4FFFBA966FE0D6FD7E5AB9" box="[534,682,191,215]" count="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
is definitely pycnoxylic and homoxylic (or tracheidoxylic –
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA94EEE16BFF065B77" box="[151,210,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA94A5E168FEB95B77" author="Creber, G. T." box="[220,365,257,281]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="655 - 661" refId="ref13670" refString="Creber, G. T., 1972. Gymnospermous wood from the Kimmeridgian of East Sutherland and from the Sandringham Sands of Norfolk. Palaeontology, 15 (4): 655 - 661." type="journal article" year="1972">Creber, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), having tracheids with radial pitting of mixed
|
||
<typeStatus id="630A88311D4FFFBA957CE14AFEE15B55" box="[261,309,291,315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, no resin canals, little or no parenchyma, exclusively uniseriate rays and cross-fields with 1-2(4-5) cupressoid pits with slit-like inclined apertures, arranged in one or two horizontal rows, which are slightly irregularly to even alternately arranged; all these characters are evidence of a typical cupressaceous structure. Such details as: radial pitting on tracheids of mixed
|
||
<typeStatus id="630A88311D4FFFBA96E6E183FD1B586C" box="[671,719,490,514]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, cupressoid pits in cross-fields, to fairly araucarioid arrangement, axial parenchyma showing few and radial pitting of tracheids of mixed
|
||
<typeStatus id="630A88311D4FFFBA959DE224FDC6580B" box="[484,530,589,613]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
in a Mesozoic wood structure indicate a wood-type from “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9639E204FCD758EB" box="[576,771,621,645]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cheirolepidiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cheirolepidiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
family”, as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA95D1E2E7FD5758C8" author="Alvin, K. L. & Fraser, C. J. & Spicer, R. A." box="[424,643,654,678]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="759 - 778" refId="ref12656" refString="Alvin, K. L., Fraser, C. J. and Spicer, R. A., 1981. Anatomy and paleoecology of Pseudofrenelopsis and associated conifers in the English Wealden. Palaeontology, 24: 759 - 778." type="journal article" year="1981">Alvin et al. (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA96BFE2E7FF3558A9" author="Alvin, K. L." pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="71 - 98" refId="ref12627" refString="Alvin, K. L., 1982. Cheirolepidiaceae: Biology, structure and paleoecology. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 37: 71 - 98." type="journal article" year="1982">Alvin (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA94EEE2B8FECD5E1B" blockId="3.[151,772,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
The synthetic description of all the studied specimens was compared with the diagnoses of Mesozoic genera with cupressoid oculipores in the cross-fields as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA94C7E35DFEB05922" author="Phillips, E. W. J." box="[190,356,820,844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="259 - 320" refId="ref16431" refString="Phillips, E. W. J., 1941. The identification of coniferous woods by their microscopic structure. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany, 52: 259 - 320." type="journal article" year="1941">Phillips (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA950CE35DFDCA5922" author="Krausel, R." box="[373,542,820,844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="83 - 203" refId="ref15485" refString="Krausel, R., 1949. Die fossilen Koniferen-Holzer (Unter Ausschluss von Araucarioxylon Kraus). II: Kritische Untersuchungenzur Diagnostik lebender und fossiler Koniferen-Holzer. Palaeontographica, Abt. B, 89: 83 - 203." type="journal article" year="1949">Kräusel (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9657E35DFD2A5922" author="Vogellehner, D." box="[558,766,820,844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="30 - 51" refId="ref17724" refString="Vogellehner, D., 1967. Zur Anatomie und Phylogenie de Mesozoischer Gymnospermenholzer, 7: Prodromus zueiner Monographie de Protopinaceae. I. Die Protopinoiden Holzer des Trias. Palaeontographica Abt. B, 121 (1 - 3): 30 - 51." type="journal article" year="1967">Vogellehner (1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA94EEE33CFF045903" author="Vogellehner, D." box="[151,208,853,877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="125 - 162" refId="ref17771" refString="Vogellehner, D., 1968. Zur Anatomie und Phylogenie de Mesozoischer Gymnospermenholzer, 7: Prodromus zu einer Monographie de Protopinaceae. II. Die Protopinoiden Holzer des Jura. Palaeontographica Abt. B, Stuttgart, 124 (4 - 6): 125 - 162." type="journal article" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Müller Stoll and Schultze-Motel (1989),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA96D3E33CFF0C59E0" author="Philippe, M." pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="45 - 103" refId="ref16179" refString="Philippe, M., 1995. Bois fossils du Jurassique de Franche-Comte (NE-France). Palaeontographica Abt. B, 236: 45 - 103." type="journal article" year="1995">Philippe (1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA949DE31FFEC959E0" author="Philippe, M." box="[228,285,886,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="319 - 326" refId="ref16207" refString="Philippe, M., 2002. Reappraisal of five genera designed for fossil coniferous woods by early American wood anatomists. IAWA Journal, 23: 319 - 326." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9548E31FFE0659E0" author="Bodnar, J." box="[305,466,886,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="1480 - 1481" refId="ref13105" refString="Bodnar, J., 2017. (2575) Proposal to conserve the name Protocupressinoxylon with a conserved type against Protobrachyoxylon (fossil plants). Taxon (Journal of IAPT), 66 (6): 1480 - 1481. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / 666.25" type="journal article" year="2017">Bodnar (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and it appears that our material is mostly consistent, at generic level, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA96DCE3F1FEFF59BE" authorityName="Eckhold" authorityYear="1923" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA96DCE3F1FEFF59BE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wood-type. In fact, the Mesozoic conifers were grouped, a long time ago, based on anatomical features, in the "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9552E393FE115E7C" box="[299,453,1018,1042]" class="Pinopsida" family="Protopinaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Protopinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
family" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9649E393FD1D5E7C" author="Krausel, R." box="[560,713,1018,1042]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="305 - 311" refId="ref15456" refString="Krausel, R., 1917. Die Bedeutung der Anatomielebender und fossiler Holzer fur die Phylogenie der Koniferen. Naturwissenschaften Wochenschrift, 16: 305 - 311." type="journal article" year="1917">Krausel, 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
This family name was noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA95B9E472FD785E5D" author="Bamford, M. K. & Philippe, M. & Thevenard, F." box="[448,684,1051,1075]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref12825" refString="Bamford, M. K., Philippe, M. and Thevenard, F., 2016. Long overdue extinction of the Protopinaceae. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 234: 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="2016">Bamford et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as having a dubious taxonomic status, and they recommended its abandon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA94EEE416FDEC5F8C" blockId="3.[151,772,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
However, the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9516E416FDE65EF9" box="[367,562,1151,1175]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cheirolepidiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cheirolepidiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, attributed to Turutanova-Ketova (see Fossil works – online), is not a valid name, as remarked by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA95F3E4A8FDFB5EB7" author="Doweld, A. B." box="[394,559,1217,1241]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="1092 - 1098" refId="ref14259" refString="Doweld, A. B., 2020. The controversial nomenclature of the fossil plant names Cheirolepis, Cheirolepidium and Hirmeriella (Cheirolepidaceae / Cheirolepidiaceae / Hirmeriellaceae). 69 (5): 1092 - 1098." type="journal article" year="2020">Doweld (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who considered an alternative name as being more correct for the Mesozoic gymnosperms characterized by pollen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA960EE56AFD2F5F75" authorityName="H.D.Pflug" authorityYear="1953" box="[631,763,1283,1307]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cheirolepidiaceae" genus="Classopollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA960EE56AFD2F5F75" box="[631,763,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Classopollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="630A88311D4FFFBA94EEE54CFF115F53" box="[151,197,1317,1341]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Thus, he applied the valid family name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA96EBE54DFEBD5F33" authority="Harris, 1979" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1979" family="Hirmeriellaceae" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" rank="family">
|
||
Hirmeriellaceae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA949BE52CFEBD5F33" author="Harris, T. M." box="[226,361,1349,1373]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refId="ref14877" refString="Harris, T. M., 1979. The Yorkshire Jurassic Flora. 5. Coniferales. British Museum Natural History, London, 167 pp." type="book" year="1979">Harris, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- and proposed this family name “for conservation against
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9506E50FFD905F10" box="[383,580,1382,1406]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cheirolepidiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cheirolepidiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, the latter being considered as "inadmissible, being based on the illegitimate later homonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA95EDE5C0FD5C5FAF" authority="Schimper" authorityName="Schimper" box="[404,648,1449,1473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cheirolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA95EDE5C0FDC45FAF" box="[404,528,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Cheirolepis</emphasis>
|
||
Schimper
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and thus, itself illegitimate” (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA95E9E5A3FDF85F8C" author="Doweld, A. B." box="[400,556,1482,1506]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="1092 - 1098" refId="ref14259" refString="Doweld, A. B., 2020. The controversial nomenclature of the fossil plant names Cheirolepis, Cheirolepidium and Hirmeriella (Cheirolepidaceae / Cheirolepidiaceae / Hirmeriellaceae). 69 (5): 1092 - 1098." type="journal article" year="2020">Doweld, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA94EEE582FEF05D62" blockId="3.[151,772,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
This genus name,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9519E582FD9E5C6D" authorityName="Eckhold" authorityYear="1923" box="[352,586,1515,1539]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9519E582FD9E5C6D" box="[352,586,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA94C5E665FEB45C4A" author="Eckhold, W." box="[188,352,1548,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="472 - 505" refId="ref14328" refString="Eckhold, W., 1922. Die Hoftupfel bei rezenten und fossilen Coniferen. Jahrbuch Konigliche Preussische Geologische Landesansalt, 42: 472 - 505." type="journal article" year="1922">Eckhold (1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pp. 490-491), to designate Mesozoic fossil conifer wood-types described like this: “wood with annual rings more or less distinct, tracheid pitting in various transitional arrangements, both horizontal and end walls of ray parenchyma cells smooth, resin canals absent, axial parenchyma occasionally present, cross-field pits cupressoid”, but not specifying their number and arrangement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA94EEE77CFCA25B8E" blockId="3.[151,772,158,2068]" lastBlockId="3.[816,1437,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Initially,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9486E77CFE7F5D43" author="Eckhold, W." box="[255,427,1813,1837]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="472 - 505" refId="ref14328" refString="Eckhold, W., 1922. Die Hoftupfel bei rezenten und fossilen Coniferen. Jahrbuch Konigliche Preussische Geologische Landesansalt, 42: 472 - 505." type="journal article" year="1922">Eckhold (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included seven species in the protologue:
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9563E75FFF255DFE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9563E75FFD4C5D20" authorityName="Eckhold" authorityYear="1922" baseAuthorityName="Holden" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[282,664,1846,1870]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cupressoides">Protocupressinoxylon cupressoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA96DDE75EFF0C5D01" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jurassicum">P. jurassicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9491E731FE4E5D01" box="[232,410,1880,1903]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potomacense">P. potomacense</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA95D3E731FD9D5D01" box="[426,585,1879,1903]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eboracense">P. eboracense</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9620E731FD0F5D01" box="[601,731,1879,1903]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koettlitzi">P. koettlitzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9692E731FF255DFE" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vectense">P. vectense</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA955EE710FE135DFE" box="[295,455,1913,1936]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mesozoicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA955EE710FE135DFE" box="[295,455,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. mesozoicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but without designation of a clear generotype. Only later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA95AEE7F0FD5C5DDF" author="Andrews, H. N., Jr." box="[471,648,1945,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref12700" refString="Andrews, H. N., Jr. 1955. Index of generic names of fossil plants, 1820 - 1950. [U. S.] Geological Survey Bulletin, 1013: 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1955">Andrews (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
designated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA94EEE7D3FF195D9D" authority="(Holden) Eckhold, 1922" authorityName="Eckhold" authorityYear="1922" baseAuthorityName="Holden" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cupressoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA94EEE7D3FDC95DBC" box="[151,541,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon cupressoides</emphasis>
|
||
(Holden)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA96DDE7D3FF195D9D" author="Eckhold, W." pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="472 - 505" refId="ref14328" refString="Eckhold, W., 1922. Die Hoftupfel bei rezenten und fossilen Coniferen. Jahrbuch Konigliche Preussische Geologische Landesansalt, 42: 472 - 505." type="journal article" year="1922">Eckhold, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(not 1923, see Jogmans and Dijkstra, 1974, p. 794) - as the species-type for that generic name. However, the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA97E8E0F7FADE5AD8" box="[913,1290,158,182]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eboracense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA97E8E0F7FADE5AD8" box="[913,1290,158,182]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon eboracense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which was initially assigned as type-species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9091E0D6FC865A96" authorityName="R.Holden" authorityYear="1913" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protobrachyoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9091E0D6FC865A96" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protobrachyoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA97C3E089FB8D5A96" author="Holden, R." box="[954,1113,224,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="33 - 549" refId="ref14996" refString="Holden, R., 1913. Contributions to the Anatomy of Mesozoic Conifers. 1. Jurassic coniferous woods from Yorkshire. Annals of Botany, 27 (5): 33 - 549." type="journal article" year="1913">Holden, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was included by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA913AE089FCAC5B77" author="Eckhold, W." pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refId="ref14298" refString="Eckhold, W., 1921. Die Hoftupfel bei rezenten und fossilen Koniferen. [PhD Thesis] Breslau Schlesische Fridrich-Wilhelms Universitat (Univ. of Wroclaw Poland)" type="book" year="1921">Eckhold (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
along with other species in the protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9115E16BFC265B54" authorityName="Eckhold" authorityYear="1923" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9115E16BFC265B54" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus. But the original material seems to be lost, and the analysis of Holden’s description and figuration suggest either identity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA90B5E10CFBD05BF3" authority="Eckhold, 1921" authorityName="Eckhold" authorityYear="1921" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA90B5E10CFC865BF3" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9718E1ECFBD05BF3" author="Eckhold, W." box="[865,1028,389,413]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refId="ref14298" refString="Eckhold, W., 1921. Die Hoftupfel bei rezenten und fossilen Koniferen. [PhD Thesis] Breslau Schlesische Fridrich-Wilhelms Universitat (Univ. of Wroclaw Poland)" type="book" year="1921">Eckhold, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA900CE1ECFC145BD1" authority="Hollick and Jeffrey, 1909" authorityName="Hollick and Jeffrey" authorityYear="1909" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Brachyoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA900CE1ECFADD5BF3" box="[1141,1289,389,413]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Brachyoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9161E1ECFC145BD1" author="Hollick, A. & Jeffrey, E. C." pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 137" refId="ref15032" refString="Hollick, A. and Jeffrey, E. C., 1909. Studies of coniferous Cretaceous remains from Kreischerville (New-York). Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, 3: 1 - 137." type="journal article" year="1909">Hollick and Jeffrey, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9784E1CEFAFB5BD1" author="Bamford, M. K. & Philippe, M." box="[1021,1327,423,447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="287 - 297" refId="ref12781" refString="Bamford, M. K. and Philippe, M., 2001. Jurassic - Early Cretaceous Gondwanan homoxylous wood: a nomenclatural revision of the genera with taxonomic notes. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 113: 287 - 297." type="journal article" year="2001">Bamford and Philippe 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9145E1CEFCBE5B8E" author="Philippe, M." pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="319 - 326" refId="ref16207" refString="Philippe, M., 2002. Reappraisal of five genera designed for fossil coniferous woods by early American wood anatomists. IAWA Journal, 23: 319 - 326." type="journal article" year="2002">Philippe, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA9749E180FACF5964" blockId="3.[816,1437,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA97D9E180FB94586F" author="Bodnar, J." box="[928,1088,489,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="1480 - 1481" refId="ref13105" refString="Bodnar, J., 2017. (2575) Proposal to conserve the name Protocupressinoxylon with a conserved type against Protobrachyoxylon (fossil plants). Taxon (Journal of IAPT), 66 (6): 1480 - 1481. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / 666.25" type="journal article" year="2017">Bodnar (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed the genus name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9115E183FC26584C" authorityName="Eckhold" authorityYear="1921" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9115E183FC26584C" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be conserved, together with a proposed generotype –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA907EE245FA8E582D" authority="Roggeveen, 1932" authorityName="Roggeveen" authorityYear="1932" box="[1031,1370,555,580]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="malayense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA907EE245FB40582D" box="[1031,1172,555,579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. malayense</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA90E2E245FA8E582D" author="Roggeveen, P. M." box="[1179,1370,555,580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="580 - 584" refId="ref16743" refString="Roggeveen, P. M., 1932. Mesozoisches Koniferenholz (Protocupressinoxylon malayense n. s.) von der Insel Soegi im Riouw-Archipel. Niederlandisch Ost Indien. Proceedings of the Section of Science, Koninklijke (Nederlandse) Akademie van Wetenschappente Amsterdam, 35: 580 - 584." type="journal article" year="1932">Roggeveen, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also, she proposed the necessity of a systematic revision of several described taxa, since abnormal details were described for some species of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9000E2E7FAF758C8" author="Krausel, R." box="[1145,1315,654,678]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="83 - 203" refId="ref15485" refString="Krausel, R., 1949. Die fossilen Koniferen-Holzer (Unter Ausschluss von Araucarioxylon Kraus). II: Kritische Untersuchungenzur Diagnostik lebender und fossiler Koniferen-Holzer. Palaeontographica, Abt. B, 89: 83 - 203." type="journal article" year="1949">Kräusel (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, like resin ducts in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA97F5E2C6FAD358A9" box="[908,1287,687,711]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potomacense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA97F5E2C6FAD358A9" box="[908,1287,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon potomacense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA916FE2D9FAAC58A9" box="[1302,1400,687,711]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="solmsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA916FE2D9FAAC58A9" box="[1302,1400,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. solmsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA91FFE2D9FC5E5887" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vectense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA91FFE2D9FC5E5887" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. vectense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA97E2E2BBFB9F5887" box="[923,1099,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA97E2E2BBFB935887" box="[923,1095,721,745]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luccombense">P. luccombense</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
or multiseriate rays, like in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA91FFE2BBFC6F5964" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="weidlingense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA91FFE2BBFC6F5964" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. weidlingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA979EE29BFBAB5964" author="Krausel, R." box="[999,1151,754,778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="83 - 203" refId="ref15485" refString="Krausel, R., 1949. Die fossilen Koniferen-Holzer (Unter Ausschluss von Araucarioxylon Kraus). II: Kritische Untersuchungenzur Diagnostik lebender und fossiler Koniferen-Holzer. Palaeontographica, Abt. B, 89: 83 - 203." type="journal article" year="1949">Kräusel, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pp. 183-185).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA9749E37AFC3459BE" blockId="3.[816,1437,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
For this genus many species of fossil wood from all over the world ranging from Permian to Cretaceous have been described, especially after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9037E33CFB245903" author="Krausel, R." box="[1102,1264,853,877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="83 - 203" refId="ref15485" refString="Krausel, R., 1949. Die fossilen Koniferen-Holzer (Unter Ausschluss von Araucarioxylon Kraus). II: Kritische Untersuchungenzur Diagnostik lebender und fossiler Koniferen-Holzer. Palaeontographica, Abt. B, 89: 83 - 203." type="journal article" year="1949">Kräusel (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who admited it as valid genus, and he even has described two species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA91FCE31EFBAA59C1" authority="(Torrey) Krausel" authorityName="Krausel" baseAuthorityName="Torrey" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dockumense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA91FCE31EFC6759C1" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. dockumense</emphasis>
|
||
(Torrey) Kräusel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA90BBE3F1FC3459BE" authority="(Sahni) Krausel." authorityName="Krausel." baseAuthorityName="Sahni" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coromandelinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA90BBE3F1FA4959C1" box="[1218,1437,919,943]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. coromandelinum</emphasis>
|
||
(Sahni) Kräusel.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA9749E3B3FC085EB7" blockId="3.[816,1437,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Later, new European species were described, as for example:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA97F5E393FCB25E5D" authority="Schultze-Motel 1960" authorityName="Schultze-Motel" authorityYear="1960" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="catenatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA97F5E393FB3A5E7C" box="[908,1262,1018,1042]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon catenatum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9081E393FCB25E5D" author="Schultze-Motel, J." pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref17004" refString="Schultze-Motel, J., 1960. Gymnospermen Holzer aus den Oberen Kreide von Quedlinburg. Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 34: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1960">Schultze-Motel 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA97A9E472FAC45E5D" author="Iamandei, S. & Iamandei, E. & Tibuleac, P." box="[976,1296,1051,1075]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="211 - 218" refId="ref15107" refString="Iamandei, S., Iamandei, E. and Tibuleac, P., 2001. Fossil Wood from Coal-layer " B " of Volhinian Formation in Leucusesti - Falticeni area. Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii " Al. I. Cuza " (s. n.), Geologie, 47: 211 - 218." type="journal article" year="2001">Iamandei and Iamandei, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA915AE475FBC85E3A" authority="Schultze-Motel 1960" authorityName="Schultze-Motel" authorityYear="1960" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="liasinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA915AE475FA485E5D" box="[1315,1436,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. liasinum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9749E455FBC85E3A" author="Schultze-Motel, J." box="[816,1052,1084,1108]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref17004" refString="Schultze-Motel, J., 1960. Gymnospermen Holzer aus den Oberen Kreide von Quedlinburg. Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 34: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1960">Schultze-Motel 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9056E454FC0B5E1B" authority="(Charrier) Vogellehner 1968" authorityName="Vogellehner" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Charrier" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leonardianum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9056E454FB3F5E3A" box="[1071,1259,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. leonardianum</emphasis>
|
||
(Charrier)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA910AE454FC0B5E1B" author="Vogellehner, D." pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="125 - 162" refId="ref17771" refString="Vogellehner, D., 1968. Zur Anatomie und Phylogenie de Mesozoischer Gymnospermenholzer, 7: Prodromus zu einer Monographie de Protopinaceae. II. Die Protopinoiden Holzer des Jura. Palaeontographica Abt. B, Stuttgart, 124 (4 - 6): 125 - 162." type="journal article" year="1968">Vogellehner 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA978FE437FABB5E1B" authority="Vogellehner 1968" authorityName="Vogellehner" authorityYear="1968" box="[1014,1391,1117,1141]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhaeticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA978FE437FB585E1B" box="[1014,1164,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. rhaeticum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA90D9E434FABB5E1B" author="Vogellehner, D." box="[1184,1391,1117,1141]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="125 - 162" refId="ref17771" refString="Vogellehner, D., 1968. Zur Anatomie und Phylogenie de Mesozoischer Gymnospermenholzer, 7: Prodromus zu einer Monographie de Protopinaceae. II. Die Protopinoiden Holzer des Jura. Palaeontographica Abt. B, Stuttgart, 124 (4 - 6): 125 - 162." type="journal article" year="1968">Vogellehner 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA91FFE437FB445EF9" authority="Shilkina and Blokhina" authorityName="Shilkina and Blokhina" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="munense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA91FFE437FC595EF9" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. munense</emphasis>
|
||
Shilkina and Blokhina
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA90BAE416FABB5EF9" author="Blokhina, N. I." box="[1219,1391,1151,1175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="47 - 54" refId="ref13001" refString="Blokhina, N. I., 1975. New species of conifers from the Jurassic of North Siberia (Fossil woods). Proceedings of Institute of Biology and Pedology, Vladivostok, n. sr., 27 (130): 47 - 54. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1975">Blokhina, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA91FFE4E9FB8E5ED6" authority="Francis 1983" authorityName="Francis" authorityYear="1983" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purbeckensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA91FFE4E9FC6F5ED6" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. purbeckensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA97B1E4C9FB8E5ED6" author="Francis, J. E." box="[968,1114,1184,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref14517" refString="Francis, J. E., 1983. The dominant conifer of the Jurassic Purbeck Formation, England. Palaeontology, 26: 277 - 294." type="journal article" year="1983">Francis 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9013E4C8FAA65ED6" authority="Barale" authorityName="Barale" box="[1130,1394,1184,1208]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carentanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9013E4C8FAF55ED6" box="[1130,1313,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. carentanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Barale
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9749E4A8FC045EB7" author="Philippe, M." box="[816,976,1217,1241]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="45 - 103" refId="ref16179" refString="Philippe, M., 1995. Bois fossils du Jurassique de Franche-Comte (NE-France). Palaeontographica Abt. B, 236: 45 - 103." type="journal article" year="1995">Philippe, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA9749E48BFC4E5F8C" blockId="3.[816,1437,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Also,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9700E48BFB025E94" author="Iamandei E. & Iamandei S." box="[889,1238,1250,1274]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="191 - 199" refId="ref15071" refString="Iamandei E. and Iamandei S., 2000. Bois fossiles de Coniferes dans l'Aptien de Dobroudja de Sud, Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, 2 (1999): 191 - 199." type="journal article" year="2000">Iamandei and Iamandei (2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D4FFFBA9093E48BFAF55E94" author="Iamandei, E. & Iamandei, S." box="[1258,1313,1250,1274]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" pagination="231 - 247" refId="ref15205" refString="Iamandei, E. and Iamandei, S., 2005. Early Cretaceous protopinaceous fossil wood from South Dobrogea, Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, 5: 231 - 247." type="journal article" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have described an Early Cretaceous species from Dobrogea,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C4A676031D4FFFBA910DE56DFCA15F52" name="Romania" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Romania</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA97F2E54DFC425F33" authority="Iamandei et Iamandei" authorityName="Iamandei et Iamandei" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dragastanii">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA97F2E54DFAD65F52" box="[907,1282,1316,1340]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon dragastanii</emphasis>
|
||
Iamandei et Iamandei
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has radial pitting uni- to biseriate, opposite or alternate, no parenchyma, rays of mid tall, uniseriate or partially biseriate and cross fields of cupressoid
|
||
<typeStatus id="630A88311D4FFFBA9749E5C0FCB55FAF" box="[816,865,1449,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, sometimes with an araucarioid tendency (i.e. alternate pits).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBA9749E582FB775D20" blockId="3.[816,1437,158,2068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
More recently, Correa et al. (2018) studying an abundant population of wood remains (58 permineralized trunks) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C4A676031D4FFFBA9715E644FC0D5C2B" box="[876,985,1581,1605]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, described a new species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9169E647FBF75C08" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carrizalense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9169E647FBF75C08" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon carrizalense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and made a comparative table of 32 species. They observed that only 24 from them fit the generic diagnosis, but eight species (i.e.
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9087E6F8FA4F5C84" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9087E6F8FC235CA7" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alternans">Protocupressinoxylon alternans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA907EE6DBFB145CA7" box="[1031,1216,1714,1737]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cenomanicum">P. cenomanicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA90B6E6DBFAA25CA7" box="[1231,1398,1714,1737]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mesozoicum">P. mesozoicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA91FCE6DBFC685C84" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luccombense">P. luccombense</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA97B2E6BAFBB05C84" box="[971,1124,1747,1770]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jurassicum">P. jurassicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9008E6BAFB355C84" box="[1137,1249,1746,1770]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koetlizi">P. koetlizi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9096E6BAFA4F5C84" box="[1263,1435,1747,1770]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potomacense">P. potomacense</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9727E69CFC025D62" box="[862,982,1781,1804]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vectense">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9727E69CFC025D62" box="[862,982,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">P. vectense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) present cross-fields pits that are different from the cupressoid
|
||
<typeStatus id="630A88311D4FFFBA906DE77CFB925D43" box="[1044,1094,1813,1837]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
: either not bordered, or typical taxodioid (see Correa et al., 2018).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D4FFFBD9749E73EFD405BD1" blockId="3.[816,1437,158,2068]" lastBlockId="4.[151,771,163,579]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Since the specific details inside the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D4FFFBA9087E731FC515DFE" authorityName="Eckhold" authorityYear="1921" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D4FFFBA9087E731FC515DFE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="28">Protocupressinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar, it is very difficult to discriminate between them, but through comparative study of their descriptions, and using also the comparative table from Correa et al. (2018), we tried to identify our material, which present these clear xylotomical features: tracheidoxylic secondary wood, having radial pitting 1-2 seriate, of mixed
|
||
<typeStatus id="630A88311D48FFBD9524E0A9FE5F5AB6" box="[349,395,192,216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
|
||
on tracheids, few parenchyma or absent and uniseriate rays with cross-fields with 1-2(4-5) cupressoid pits per field, spaced arranged in 1-2 horizontal rows when more, to irregular, or to slightly alternate. These xylotomical details are very similar with those described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D48FFBD956DE10DFD8B5B12" author="Iamandei E. & Iamandei S." box="[276,607,356,380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="191 - 199" refId="ref15071" refString="Iamandei E. and Iamandei S., 2000. Bois fossiles de Coniferes dans l'Aptien de Dobroudja de Sud, Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, 2 (1999): 191 - 199." type="journal article" year="2000">Iamandei and Iamandei (2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D48FFBD96E2E10DFD065B12" author="Iamandei, E. & Iamandei, S." box="[667,722,356,380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="231 - 247" refId="ref15205" refString="Iamandei, E. and Iamandei, S., 2005. Early Cretaceous protopinaceous fossil wood from South Dobrogea, Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, 5: 231 - 247." type="journal article" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) for the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D48FFBD9559E1ECFD475BF3" box="[288,659,389,413]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dragastanii">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D48FFBD9559E1ECFD475BF3" box="[288,659,389,413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Protocupressinoxylon dragastanii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Early Cretaceous of South Dobrogea,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C4A676031D48FFBD9654E1CEFD455BD1" box="[557,657,423,447]" name="Romania" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Romania</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC0E36931D48FFBD94EEE1A1FE61582D" blockId="4.[151,771,163,579]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Thus, based on the above discussion, we attribute all the 14 studied specimens to the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BB14D101D48FFBD9660E180FDAF584C" authority="Iamandei and Iamandei, 2000" authorityName="Iamandei and Iamandei" authorityYear="2000" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Protocupressinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dragastanii">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC5EA811D48FFBD9660E180FEC6584C" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Protocupressinoxylon dragastanii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8204B621D48FFBD955BE263FDAF584C" author="Iamandei E. & Iamandei S." box="[290,635,522,546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" pagination="191 - 199" refId="ref15071" refString="Iamandei E. and Iamandei S., 2000. Bois fossiles de Coniferes dans l'Aptien de Dobroudja de Sud, Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, 2 (1999): 191 - 199." type="journal article" year="2000">Iamandei and Iamandei, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as another Mesozoic European taxon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |