1219 lines
233 KiB
XML
1219 lines
233 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A74F5100693DAA5EA44738C5D66CC265">Holopothrips diversity-a Neotropical genus of gall-inducing insects (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD5FFD4D4C5E10856C01B7C" ID-CoL="4Y2Z" authority="Hood" authorityName="Hood" box="[151,386,1887,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD5FFD4D4C5E10856C01B7C" bold="true" box="[151,386,1887,1914]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD5FFD4D4C5E10856741B7F" bold="true" box="[151,310,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Holopothrips</emphasis>
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Hood
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="91193695FFD5FFD4D4C5E1F753FB1BB0" blockId="9.[151,1436,1952,2035]" box="[151,1209,1952,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD5FFD4D4C5E1F7565C1BB0" box="[151,286,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Holopothrips</emphasis>
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:49
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(type species:
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD5FFD4D601E1F754F71BB0" ID-CoL="3M9P5" authority="Hood, 1914" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1914" box="[595,949,1952,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signatus">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD5FFD4D601E1F754771BB0" box="[595,821,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Holopothrips signatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD5FFD4D769E1F754F71BB0" box="[827,949,1952,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref58692" refString="Hood, J. D. (1914) Two new Thysanoptera from Panama. Insecutor inscitiae menstruus, 2, 49 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 9581" type="journal article">Hood, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation).
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD5FFD4D4C5E1E956BF1BD2" authority="Priesner, 1921: 210" authorityName="Priesner" authorityPageNumber="210" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,509,1982,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Phrasterothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD5FFD4D4C5E1E956751BD2" box="[151,311,1982,2004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phrasterothrips</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD5FFD4D56CE1E956BF1BD2" author="" box="[318,509,1982,2004]" page="210" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD5FFD4D56CE1E956921BD2" box="[318,464,1982,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref59479" refString="Priesner, H. (1921) Neue und wenig bekannte Thysanopteren der neotropischen Fauna aus der Sammlung des Berliner Zoologischen Museums. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift, 1921 (3), 187 - 223." type="journal article">Priesner, 1921</bibRefCitation>
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:210
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(type species:
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD5FFD4D6CAE1E9530A1BD2" authority="Priesner, 1921" authorityName="Priesner" authorityYear="1921" box="[664,1096,1982,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Phrasterothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conducans">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD5FFD4D6CAE1E954E91BD2" box="[664,939,1982,2004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phrasterothrips conducans</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD5FFD4D7E1E1E9530A1BD2" box="[947,1096,1982,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref59479" refString="Priesner, H. (1921) Neue und wenig bekannte Thysanopteren der neotropischen Fauna aus der Sammlung des Berliner Zoologischen Museums. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift, 1921 (3), 187 - 223." type="journal article">Priesner, 1921</bibRefCitation>
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, by monotypy). Synonymised by
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<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD5FFD4D495E18A56B01BF5" author="" box="[199,498,2013,2035]" page="289" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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:289
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D4C5E6CF55C91CCA" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,388]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D4C5E6CF556A1CA8" authority="Moulton, 1933: 239" authorityName="Moulton" authorityPageNumber="239" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,552,152,174]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Diploacanthothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D4C5E6CF561F1CA8" box="[151,349,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diploacanthothrips</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD6FFD7D536E6CF556A1CA8" author="" box="[356,552,152,174]" page="239" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D536E6CF56BE1CA8" box="[356,508,152,174]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref59389" refString="Moulton, D. (1933) The Thysanoptera of South America III. Revista de Entomologia, 3, 227 - 262." type="journal article">Moulton, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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:239
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(type species:
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D6EDE6CF53291CA8" authority="Moulton, 1933" authorityName="Moulton" authorityYear="1933" box="[703,1131,152,174]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Diploacanthothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D6EDE6CF548E1CA8" box="[703,972,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diploacanthothrips fuscus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D780E6CF53291CA8" box="[978,1131,152,174]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref59389" refString="Moulton, D. (1933) The Thysanoptera of South America III. Revista de Entomologia, 3, 227 - 262." type="journal article">Moulton, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy). Synonymised with
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D4A8E6E156DB1CCA" authorityName="Priesner" authorityYear="1921" box="[250,409,182,204]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Phrasterothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D4A8E6E156DB1CCA" box="[250,409,182,204]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Phrasterothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by
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<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD6FFD7D594E6E155C51CCA" author="" box="[454,647,182,204]" page="127" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D594E6E155191CCA" box="[454,603,182,204]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref59515" refString="Priesner, H. (1949) Genera Thysanopterorum. Keys for the identification of the genera of the order Thysanoptera. Bulletin de la Societe Royal Entomologique d'Egypte, 33, 31 - 157." type="journal article">Priesner, 1949</bibRefCitation>
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:127
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D4C5E68256CE1D0C" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,388]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D4C5E682568A1CED" authority="Hood, 1954: 52" authorityName="Hood" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,456,213,235]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Homorothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D4C5E68256641CED" box="[151,294,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Homorothrips</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD6FFD7D57CE682568A1CED" author="" box="[302,456,213,235]" page="52" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D57CE68256E81CED" box="[302,426,213,235]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58788" refString="Hood, J. D. (1954) Brasilian Thysanoptera IV. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 67, 17 - 54." type="journal article">Hood, 1954</bibRefCitation>
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:52
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(type species:
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<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D635E68254961CED" authority="Hood, 1954" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[615,980,213,235]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Homorothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erianthi">
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<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D635E682540D1CED" box="[615,847,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Homorothrips erianthi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D70AE68254961CED" box="[856,980,213,235]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58788" refString="Hood, J. D. (1954) Brasilian Thysanoptera IV. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 67, 17 - 54." type="journal article">Hood, 1954</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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, by monotypy). Synonymised by
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<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD6FFD7D164E68256C51D0C" author="" page="289" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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:289
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D4C5E74556CE1D41" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,388]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B1B611BBFFD6FFD7D4C5E74556CE1D41" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D4C5E74556FE1D2E" authority="Hood, 1954: 53" authorityName="Hood" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,444,274,296]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Anoplothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D4C5E745565E1D2E" box="[151,284,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anoplothrips</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD6FFD7D571E74556FE1D2E" author="" box="[291,444,274,296]" page="53" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D571E74556DD1D2E" box="[291,415,274,296]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58788" refString="Hood, J. D. (1954) Brasilian Thysanoptera IV. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 67, 17 - 54." type="journal article">Hood, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:53
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(type species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D604E745549E1D2E" authority="Hood, 1954" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[598,988,274,296]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Anoplothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaboticabae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D604E74554181D2E" box="[598,858,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anoplothrips jaboticabae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D733E745549E1D2E" box="[865,988,274,296]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58788" refString="Hood, J. D. (1954) Brasilian Thysanoptera IV. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 67, 17 - 54." type="journal article">Hood, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy). Synonymised by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD6FFD7D16AE74556C51D41" author="" page="289" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D16AE74556191D41" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref59437" refString="Mound, L. A. & Marullo, R. (1996) The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6, 1 - 488." type="journal article">Mound & Marullo, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:289
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D4C5E70756B71D82" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,388]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B1B611BBFFD6FFD7D4C5E70756B71D82" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D4C5E70756B81D60" authority="Bournier, 1993: 234" authorityName="Bournier" authorityPageNumber="234" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,506,336,358]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Caraibothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D4C5E70756651D60" box="[151,295,336,358]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Caraibothrips</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD6FFD7D57DE70756B81D60" author="" box="[303,506,336,358]" page="234" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D57DE707568E1D60" box="[303,460,336,358]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58286" refString="Bournier, A. (1993) Thysanopteres de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology, 3 (3), 227 - 240." type="journal article">Bournier, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:234
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (type species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D6CFE70753031D60" authority="Bournier, 1993" authorityName="Bournier" authorityYear="1993" box="[669,1089,336,358]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Caraibothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inquilinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D6CFE70754D91D60" box="[669,923,336,358]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Caraibothrips inquilinus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D7F6E70753031D60" box="[932,1089,336,358]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58286" refString="Bournier, A. (1993) Thysanopteres de Martinique et de Guadeloupe. Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology, 3 (3), 227 - 240." type="journal article">Bournier, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy). Synonymised by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="10071084FFD6FFD7D495E73956B01D82" author="" box="[199,498,366,388]" page="289" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D495E73956861D82" box="[199,452,366,388]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref59437" refString="Mound, L. A. & Marullo, R. (1996) The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6, 1 - 488." type="journal article">Mound & Marullo, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:289
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D9BC651EFFD6FFD6D4C5E7FA546E1971" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D4C5E7FA55F11DC4" blockId="10.[151,691,428,450]" box="[151,691,428,450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Type species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D574E7FB55ED1DC4" authority="Hood, 1914: 50" authorityName="Hood" authorityPageNumber="50" authorityYear="1914" box="[294,687,428,450]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D574E7FB554A1DC4" box="[294,520,428,450]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holopothrips signatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D65FE7FB55CB1DC4" box="[525,649,428,450]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58692" refString="Hood, J. D. (1914) Two new Thysanoptera from Panama. Insecutor inscitiae menstruus, 2, 49 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 9581" type="journal article">Hood, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 50
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D4C5E7B954B61EBD" blockId="10.[151,1437,494,2031]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D4C5E7B956CA1E01" bold="true" box="[151,392,494,519]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnostic features:</emphasis>
|
||
the following characters are those most frequently mentioned as diagnostic for this genus: presence of a third pair of wing-retaining setae on abdominal tergites II–VII, presence of anterior discal setae on metanotum, and males with multiple and complex pore plates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D7C0E46153F81E49" box="[914,1210,566,591]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref59437" refString="Mound, L. A. & Marullo, R. (1996) The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6, 1 - 488." type="journal article">Mound & Marullo 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); visible and welldeveloped female spermatheca (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D655E40C55A91E75" box="[519,747,602,627]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref59706" refString="Zamora, S., Hanson, P. & Mound, L. A. (2015) On the biology of Holopothrips chaconi sp. n. (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae) from leaf-vein galls on Piper species in Costa Rica. Revista Biologia Tropical, 63 (4), 1035 - 1042. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 63 i 4.16787" type="journal article">
|
||
Zamora
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D63BE40B55E61E75" box="[617,676,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, variations of one or more of these traits are not uncommon within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D53CE42955411E91" box="[366,515,638,663]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D53CE42955411E91" box="[366,515,638,663]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with some members being included in the genus even when lacking one of the diagnostic features, due to sharing other morphological similarities or habits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D495E49154D51F95" blockId="10.[151,1437,494,2031]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
All members of the genus have antenna 8-segmented; fore tibia unarmed; wings well-developed and fore wings bearing duplicated cilia; no sexual dimorphism in external characters has been observed in any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D154E4BD52D91F05" box="[1286,1435,746,771]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D154E4BD52D91F05" box="[1286,1435,746,771]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. However, other features, such as presence of three sense cones on antennal segments III–IV, large and bulbous eyes, association to galls, have been proposed as common within the genus, but are of limited use for diagnosing membership of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D59FE50155201F69" box="[461,610,854,879]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D59FE50155201F69" box="[461,610,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Several other morphological characters, such as body size, colouration, chaetotaxy, are highly variable within the genus, as described below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D495E5C954EF18B5" blockId="10.[151,1437,494,2031]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D495E5C956A91FB1" bold="true" box="[199,491,926,951]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Morphological variation</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D5ABE5C955C01FB1" box="[505,642,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Colouration</emphasis>
|
||
: Due to most specimens being previously treated with NaOH, here we consider only the cuticular colouration, which is less influenced by the hydroxide, thus overall patterns are retained. The majority of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D5E5E5B1550E1FF9" box="[439,588,998,1023]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D5E5E5B1550E1FF9" box="[439,588,998,1023]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are uniformly brown, although the shade of brown is variable from very dark, almost black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D5F9E25D55401825" box="[427,514,1034,1059]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–31" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1565,1588]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 26–31. Holopothrips atlanticus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (26) body; (27) head and pronotum; (28) pelta; (29) metanotum; (30) spermatheca; (31) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445192/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D65FE25C557B1825" box="[525,569,1035,1059]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Holopothrips nigrisetis sp. nov. paratypes. (191) body; (192) head and pronotum; (193) mesonotum; (194) pelta; (195) spermatheca; (196) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (197) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445236/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">191</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D617E25C55321825" box="[581,624,1035,1059]" captionStart="FIGURES 198–203" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 198–203. Holopothrips nigrum sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (198) body; (199) head and pronotum; (200) mesonotum and metanotum; (201) pelta; (202) spermatheca; (203) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445238/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">198</figureCitation>
|
||
) to light or yellowish brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D7EFE25D53631825" box="[957,1057,1034,1059]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–111" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 107–111. Holopothrips inconspicuus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (107) body; (108) mesonotum and metanotum; (109) head and pronotum; (110) pelta; (111) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445214/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 107</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D07FE25D53191825" box="[1069,1115,1034,1059]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–233" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@77.[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 226–233. Holopothrips punctatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (226) body; (227) head and pronotum; (228) detail of pronotum, showing the forking of the epimeral suture around the base of pa setae (white arrow); (229) mesonotum; (230) pelta; (231) spermatheca; (232) male abdominal sternites VII–VIII, pore plate visible on VII (white arrow) but hidden by internal content on VIII; (233) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445246/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">226</figureCitation>
|
||
), with some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D1D3E25B57BD1841" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varicolor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D1D3E25B57BD1841" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. varicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD6FFD7D557E27956071841" box="[261,325,1070,1095]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D557E27956071841" bold="true" box="[261,325,1070,1095]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
being almost yellow. Twelve species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D755E27954DE1841" box="[775,924,1070,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D755E27954DE1841" box="[775,924,1070,1095]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the abdomen strikingly bicoloured: four of them have the body mainly brown with only abdominal segments II–III yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D0D3E20553AB186D" box="[1153,1257,1106,1131]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="75.[151,264,1706,1729]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1685]" captionTargetId="figure@75.[151,1436,193,1685]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Holopothrips porrosati and H. signatus. (221) Holopothrips porrosati paratype, body; 222–225. Holopothrips signatus paratype and topotype: (222) body; (223) head and pronotum; (224) mesonotum and metanotum; (225) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445244/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 222</figureCitation>
|
||
), or abdominal segments II–V in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D533E220568F1889" box="[353,461,1142,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hilaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D533E220568F1889" box="[353,461,1142,1167]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. hilaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and the remaining eight have the body mainly yellow, with only the head, abdominal segment X, and sometimes segments VIII–IX brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D6A6E2CD540918B5" box="[756,843,1178,1203]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–38" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,265,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 32–38. Holopothrips bicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (32) body; (33) head and pronotum; (34) mesonotum; (35) pore plates on sternites VI–VIII; (36) pelta; (37) spermatheca; (38) metanotum, showing the anterior discal setae (black arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445194/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 32</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D705E2CD543718B5" box="[855,885,1178,1203]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–60" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 51–60. Holopothrips carolinae, H. chaconi and H. claritibialis. 51–52. Holopothrips carolinae, female holotype: (51) body; (52) head and pronotum; 53–54. Holopothrips chaconi, paratypes: (53) male paratype, head and pronotum; (54) female paratype, body; 55–60. Holopothrips claritibialis: (55) body; (56) head and pronotum; (57) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (58) prosternum, showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (59) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (60) abdominal tergites III–IV, showing the third and a fourth wing-retaining seta (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445200/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">51</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D7D3E2CD54E218B5" box="[897,928,1178,1203]" captionStart="FIGURES 95–98" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1939,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 95–98. Holopothrips graziae sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (95) body; (96) head and pronotum; (97) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (98) abdominal segments VIII–X, showing spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445210/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">95</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D495E2E953A919A9" blockId="10.[151,1437,494,2031]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The more frequent pattern of colouration for the legs is having all femora concolourous with the body, mid and hind tibiae concolourous as well but lighter near apex (from just the tip to apical third or half), fore tibiae and all tarsi yellow or clearly lighter than fore femora (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D6E1E35154491919" box="[691,779,1286,1311]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1792,1815]" captionTargetBox="[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 16–21. Holopothrips acrioris sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (16) body. abd—abdomen, ant—antenna; hd—head; ms—mesothorax; fw—fore wing; mt—metathorax; pel—pelta (first abdominal tergite); pro—prothorax; spe—female spermatheca; tu—tube (tenth abdominal segment); II–X—second to tenth abdominal segments. (17) head and pronotum. aapronotal anteroangular seta; am—pronotal anteromarginal seta; ep—pronotal epimeral setae; mes—mesonotum; metmetanotum (part); ml—pronotal midlateral seta; mx—maxillary stylet; oc—ocellus; pa—pronotal posteroangular seta; popostocular setae. (18) pelta and abdominal tergite II. WR—wing-retaining setae. (19) metanotal sculpture. mds—metanotal discal setae; mms—metanotal major setae; (20) spermatheca (spe). (21) male pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (mpp)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445188/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D745E35054011919" box="[791,835,1287,1311]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–137" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1894,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,193,1874]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 131–137. Holopothrips irregularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (131) body; (132) head and pronotum; (133) mesonotum; (134) metanotum; (135) pelta; (136) spermatheca; (137) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing faint spots, which may be pore plates (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445220/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">131</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D702E350543C1919" box="[848,894,1287,1311]" captionStart="FIGURES 138–144" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1850,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 138–144. Holopothrips johanseni sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (138) body; (139) head and pronotum, showing the secondary postocular setae (white arrow); (140) mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (141) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII (black arrows); (142) spermatheca (white arrow); (143) pelta; (144) mesosternum and metasternum, showing the absence of metapleural sutures (white circles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">138</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, exceptions are not uncommon, such as the fore tibiae being brown in several dark-bodied species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D703E37D54EA1945" box="[849,936,1322,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–31" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1565,1588]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 26–31. Holopothrips atlanticus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (26) body; (27) head and pronotum; (28) pelta; (29) metanotum; (30) spermatheca; (31) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445192/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D7E7E37D54961945" box="[949,980,1322,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1738,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1717]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Holopothrips curiosus sp. nov. holotype and male paratype. (69) body; (70) head and pronotum; (71) pelta; (72) spermatheca; (73) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (74) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445204/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">69</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D78DE37C534E1945" box="[991,1036,1323,1347]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Holopothrips nigrisetis sp. nov. paratypes. (191) body; (192) head and pronotum; (193) mesonotum; (194) pelta; (195) spermatheca; (196) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (197) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445236/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">191</figureCitation>
|
||
), or all tibiae being almost white in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D4C5E318567F1961" box="[151,317,1358,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claritibialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D4C5E318567F1961" box="[151,317,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. claritibialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D51FE31956E31961" box="[333,417,1358,1383]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–60" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 51–60. Holopothrips carolinae, H. chaconi and H. claritibialis. 51–52. Holopothrips carolinae, female holotype: (51) body; (52) head and pronotum; 53–54. Holopothrips chaconi, paratypes: (53) male paratype, head and pronotum; (54) female paratype, body; 55–60. Holopothrips claritibialis: (55) body; (56) head and pronotum; (57) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (58) prosternum, showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (59) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (60) abdominal tergites III–IV, showing the third and a fourth wing-retaining seta (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445200/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
|
||
), or the brown species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D6F5E31854721960" box="[679,816,1359,1382]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pennatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D6F5E31854721960" box="[679,816,1359,1382]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. pennatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having all legs fully yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D02CE31953A21961" box="[1150,1248,1358,1383]" captionStart="FIGURES 204–211" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,195,1821]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 204–211. Holopothrips omercooperi, H. orites, H. paulus and H. pennatus. 204–208. Holopothrips orites paratypes: (204) body; (205) head; (206) spermatheca; (207) pronotum and mesonotum; (208) metanotum and pelta; (209) Holopothrips omercooperi paratype, body; (210) Holopothrips paulus paratype, body; (211) Holopothrips pennatus paratype, body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445240/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 211</figureCitation>
|
||
). An uncommon variation is the presence of yellow hind femora but brown hind tibiae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D7B8E323531A198D" box="[1002,1112,1394,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hilaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D7B8E323531A198D" box="[1002,1112,1394,1419]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. hilaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D0C7E3235255198D" box="[1173,1303,1396,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D0C7E3235255198D" box="[1173,1303,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. signatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D178E32552D2198D" box="[1322,1424,1394,1419]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="75.[151,264,1706,1729]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1685]" captionTargetId="figure@75.[151,1436,193,1685]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Holopothrips porrosati and H. signatus. (221) Holopothrips porrosati paratype, body; 222–225. Holopothrips signatus paratype and topotype: (222) body; (223) head and pronotum; (224) mesonotum and metanotum; (225) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445244/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 222</figureCitation>
|
||
), although in the latter species individuals have been reported with brown hind femora (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D00EE3C1539D19A9" box="[1116,1247,1430,1455]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58692" refString="Hood, J. D. (1914) Two new Thysanoptera from Panama. Insecutor inscitiae menstruus, 2, 49 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 9581" type="journal article">Hood 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D495E3EC56E21A39" blockId="10.[151,1437,494,2031]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Antenna also presents some variation: usually segments I–II are concolourous with head, III–VI lighter or bicoloured, due to being shaded on apical half, and VII–VIII shaded or brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D04CE389533419F1" box="[1054,1142,1502,1527]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1792,1815]" captionTargetBox="[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 16–21. Holopothrips acrioris sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (16) body. abd—abdomen, ant—antenna; hd—head; ms—mesothorax; fw—fore wing; mt—metathorax; pel—pelta (first abdominal tergite); pro—prothorax; spe—female spermatheca; tu—tube (tenth abdominal segment); II–X—second to tenth abdominal segments. (17) head and pronotum. aapronotal anteroangular seta; am—pronotal anteromarginal seta; ep—pronotal epimeral setae; mes—mesonotum; metmetanotum (part); ml—pronotal midlateral seta; mx—maxillary stylet; oc—ocellus; pa—pronotal posteroangular seta; popostocular setae. (18) pelta and abdominal tergite II. WR—wing-retaining setae. (19) metanotal sculpture. mds—metanotal discal setae; mms—metanotal major setae; (20) spermatheca (spe). (21) male pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (mpp)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445188/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D0D1E38853F319F1" box="[1155,1201,1503,1527]" captionStart="FIGURES 183–190" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1756]" captionTargetId="figure@65.[151,1436,193,1756]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 183–190. Holopothrips mariae and H. molzi. 183–187. Holopothrips mariae paratypes: (183) body; (184) head and pronotum; (185) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (186) spermatheca; (187) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); 188–190. Holopothrips molzi paratypes: (188) body; (189) head and prosternum; (190) pronotum, mesonotum, metanotum, pelta and abdominal tergite II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445234/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">188</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some species have the antenna yellow on segments III–VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D63BE055558E1A1D" box="[617,716,1538,1563]" captionStart="FIGURES 204–211" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,195,1821]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 204–211. Holopothrips omercooperi, H. orites, H. paulus and H. pennatus. 204–208. Holopothrips orites paratypes: (204) body; (205) head; (206) spermatheca; (207) pronotum and mesonotum; (208) metanotum and pelta; (209) Holopothrips omercooperi paratype, body; (210) Holopothrips paulus paratype, body; (211) Holopothrips pennatus paratype, body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445240/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 211</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D685E05554471A1D" box="[727,773,1538,1563]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–233" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@77.[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 226–233. Holopothrips punctatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (226) body; (227) head and pronotum; (228) detail of pronotum, showing the forking of the epimeral suture around the base of pa setae (white arrow); (229) mesonotum; (230) pelta; (231) spermatheca; (232) male abdominal sternites VII–VIII, pore plate visible on VII (white arrow) but hidden by internal content on VIII; (233) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445246/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">226</figureCitation>
|
||
), and some bicoloured species may have segment III brown basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D4A7E07156191A39" box="[245,347,1574,1599]" captionStart="FIGURES 204–211" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,195,1821]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 204–211. Holopothrips omercooperi, H. orites, H. paulus and H. pennatus. 204–208. Holopothrips orites paratypes: (204) body; (205) head; (206) spermatheca; (207) pronotum and mesonotum; (208) metanotum and pelta; (209) Holopothrips omercooperi paratype, body; (210) Holopothrips paulus paratype, body; (211) Holopothrips pennatus paratype, body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445240/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 210</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D534E07056D61A39" box="[358,404,1575,1599]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="75.[151,264,1706,1729]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1685]" captionTargetId="figure@75.[151,1436,193,1685]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Holopothrips porrosati and H. signatus. (221) Holopothrips porrosati paratype, body; 222–225. Holopothrips signatus paratype and topotype: (222) body; (223) head and pronotum; (224) mesonotum and metanotum; (225) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445244/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">221</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D495E01D55AC1AAD" blockId="10.[151,1437,494,2031]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The fore wings may be hyaline (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D66DE01D55DA1A65" box="[575,664,1610,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–31" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1565,1588]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 26–31. Holopothrips atlanticus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (26) body; (27) head and pronotum; (28) pelta; (29) metanotum; (30) spermatheca; (31) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445192/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D6F4E01D55811A65" box="[678,707,1610,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1738,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1717]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Holopothrips curiosus sp. nov. holotype and male paratype. (69) body; (70) head and pronotum; (71) pelta; (72) spermatheca; (73) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (74) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445204/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">69</figureCitation>
|
||
) or shaded yellow or light brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D005E01D53F21A65" box="[1111,1200,1610,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 88–94" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 88–94. Holopothrips flavisetis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (88) head and pronotum; (89) mesonotum; (90) metanotum; (91) body; (92) pelta; (93) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (white arrow); (94) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445208/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 91</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D0ECE01D539E1A65" box="[1214,1244,1610,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–68" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 61–68. Holopothrips conducans and H. erianthi. 61–65 Holopothrips conducans: (61) head and pronotum; (62) metanotal sculpture; (63) shaded fore wing; (64) pelta; (65) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; 66–68 Holopothrips erianthi: (66) head and pronotum; (67) metanotum and pelta; (68) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445202/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">63</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D0B8E01C525A1A65" box="[1258,1304,1611,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 138–144" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1850,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 138–144. Holopothrips johanseni sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (138) body; (139) head and pronotum, showing the secondary postocular setae (white arrow); (140) mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (141) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII (black arrows); (142) spermatheca (white arrow); (143) pelta; (144) mesosternum and metasternum, showing the absence of metapleural sutures (white circles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">138</figureCitation>
|
||
). The basal area, especially around the sub-basal setae, is shaded in several species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D78AE03953721A81" box="[984,1072,1646,1671]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–50" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[159,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 45–50. Holopothrips cardosoi sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (45) body; (46) head and pronotum; (47) metanotal sculpture; (48) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (49) spermatheca; (50) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445198/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D06DE038532E1A81" box="[1087,1132,1647,1671]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Holopothrips nigrisetis sp. nov. paratypes. (191) body; (192) head and pronotum; (193) mesonotum; (194) pelta; (195) spermatheca; (196) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (197) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445236/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">191</figureCitation>
|
||
). The median dark line on fore wing is usually absent, or only weakly indicated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD6FFD7D495E0E1557C1BE9" blockId="10.[151,1437,494,2031]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D495E0E156461AC9" box="[199,260,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Several characteristics are variable and helpful for species identification. Firstly, the ratio between head length and width, which ranges from head slightly wider right behind eyes than long in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D031E08B53AB1AF5" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1123,1257,1754,1779]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavisetis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D031E08B53AB1AF5" box="[1123,1257,1754,1779]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. flavisetis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD6FFD7D0BDE08D526C1AF5" box="[1263,1326,1754,1779]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D0BDE08D526C1AF5" bold="true" box="[1263,1326,1754,1779]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D16EE08D52CD1AF5" box="[1340,1423,1754,1779]" captionStart="FIGURES 88–94" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 88–94. Holopothrips flavisetis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (88) head and pronotum; (89) mesonotum; (90) metanotum; (91) body; (92) pelta; (93) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (white arrow); (94) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445208/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
|
||
), and some individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D5FCE0A855211B10" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[430,611,1791,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inconspicuus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D5FCE0A855211B10" box="[430,611,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. inconspicuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD6FFD7D639E0A955E91B11" box="[619,683,1790,1815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D639E0A955E91B11" bold="true" box="[619,683,1790,1815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D6E8E0A854691B10" box="[698,811,1791,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D6E8E0A854691B10" box="[698,811,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. mariae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D769E0A8548C1B11" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[827,974,1790,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D769E0A8548C1B11" box="[827,974,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. singularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD6FFD7D784E0A953551B11" box="[982,1047,1790,1815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D784E0A953551B11" bold="true" box="[982,1047,1790,1815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D01CE0A853981B11" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1102,1242,1790,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varicolor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D01CE0A853981B11" box="[1102,1242,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. varicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD6FFD7D0B0E0A952601B11" box="[1250,1314,1790,1815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D0B0E0A952601B11" bold="true" box="[1250,1314,1790,1815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D163E0A952D51B11" box="[1329,1431,1790,1815]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–111" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 107–111. Holopothrips inconspicuus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (107) body; (108) mesonotum and metanotum; (109) head and pronotum; (110) pelta; (111) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445214/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 109</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D4C5E17457861B3D" box="[151,196,1827,1851]" captionStart="FIGURES 241–247" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 241–247. Holopothrips singularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (241) body; (242) head and pronotum; (243) prosternum, showing vestigial labial palps (white arrows); (244) pelta; (245) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (246) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (247) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445250/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">242</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D49DE17457BF1B3D" box="[207,253,1827,1851]" captionStart="FIGURES 276–283" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 276–283. Holopothrips varicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (276) body; (277) head and pronotum; (278) prosternum, showing weakly defined basantra (white arrows); (279) mesonotum; (280) pelta; (281) metanotum; (282) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (283) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445260/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">277</figureCitation>
|
||
), to over 1.8 times as long as wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D6F0E173547D1B3D" box="[674,831,1828,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oaxacensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D6F0E173547D1B3D" box="[674,831,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. oaxacensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D727E17353561B3D" box="[885,1044,1828,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="permagnus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D727E17353561B3D" box="[885,1044,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. permagnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D071E17553E71B3D" box="[1059,1189,1826,1851]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58731" refString="Hood, J. D. (1938) Studies in Neotropical Thysanoptera VII. Revista de Entomologia, 9 (1 - 2), 218 - 247." type="journal article">Hood 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD6FFD7D0E2E17552151B3D" box="[1200,1367,1826,1851]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref58839" refString="Johansen, R. M. (1986) Nuevos thrips tubuliferos (Insecta: Thysanoptera), de Mexico, XIII. Anales del Instituto de Biologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Serie Zoologia, 56, 73 - 100." type="journal article">Johansen 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD6FFD7D13DE17557871B59" captionStart="FIGURES 212–220" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@74.[151,1436,375,1655]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 212–220. Holopothrips permagnus and H. pictus. 212–217. Holopothrips permagnus paratype: (212) head; (213) pelta; (214) pronotum, showing almost complete to complete epimeral sutures (white arrows); (215) spermatheca; (216) detail of mesonotal and part of metanotal sculpture; (217) mesonotum and metanotum; 218–220. Holopothrips pictus: (218) head and pronotum; (219) mesonotum and metanotum; (220) pelta and abdominal tergites II–III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445242/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 212</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, the majority of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD6FFD7D5A9E11155D21B59" box="[507,656,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD6FFD7D5A9E11155D21B59" box="[507,656,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species lie in between these extremes, having heads between 1.1–1.4 times as long as wide. The head proportions can be influenced by pressure during the mounting process (which can be noticed by shorter distance between dorsal and ventral views, head crushed or looking wider posteriorly, and thorax’ lateral margins greatly curved due to pressure), so specimens that were not flattened by pressure should be used for the analysis of this character.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E6C053331CF1" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Head sculpture is usually formed by weak transverse lines, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D7F6E6CE535C1CB6" authorityName="Costa Lima" authorityYear="1935" box="[932,1054,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ananasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D7F6E6CE535C1CB6" box="[932,1054,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. ananasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is markedly reticulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D16EE6C052CD1CB6" box="[1340,1423,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. Holopothrips ananasi paratypes. (22) head, pronotum, mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (23) pelta; (24) spermatheca; (25) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445190/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
), and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D4B0E6EA56361CD3" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[226,372,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D4B0E6EA56361CD3" box="[226,372,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. singularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D529E6EB56F81CD3" box="[379,442,188,213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D529E6EB56F81CD3" bold="true" box="[379,442,188,213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the sculpture is irregularly reticulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D731E6EB54841CD2" box="[867,966,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 241–247" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 241–247. Holopothrips singularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (241) body; (242) head and pronotum; (243) prosternum, showing vestigial labial palps (white arrows); (244) pelta; (245) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (246) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (247) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445250/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 242</figureCitation>
|
||
). Few species bear minute tubercles in the angles of dorsolateral sculpture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D656E68855281CFE" box="[516,618,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–233" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@77.[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 226–233. Holopothrips punctatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (226) body; (227) head and pronotum; (228) detail of pronotum, showing the forking of the epimeral suture around the base of pa setae (white arrow); (229) mesonotum; (230) pelta; (231) spermatheca; (232) male abdominal sternites VII–VIII, pore plate visible on VII (white arrow) but hidden by internal content on VIII; (233) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445246/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 227</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D627E68855E11CFE" box="[629,675,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 234–240" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 234–240. Holopothrips reticulatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (234) body; (235) head and pronotum; (236) detail of head, showing minute tubercles on sculpture (white arrows); (237) mesonotum and metanotum; (238) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; (239) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (240) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445248/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">236</figureCitation>
|
||
), giving the area a punctuate appearance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E753533C1D62" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Compound eyes are frequently large, bulbous, sometimes bean-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D049E753533A1D1B" box="[1051,1144,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 95–98" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1939,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 95–98. Holopothrips graziae sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (95) body; (96) head and pronotum; (97) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (98) abdominal segments VIII–X, showing spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445210/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 96</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D0D8E75353F51D1A" box="[1162,1207,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 221–225" captionStartId="75.[151,264,1706,1729]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1685]" captionTargetId="figure@75.[151,1436,193,1685]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 221–225. Holopothrips porrosati and H. signatus. (221) Holopothrips porrosati paratype, body; 222–225. Holopothrips signatus paratype and topotype: (222) body; (223) head and pronotum; (224) mesonotum and metanotum; (225) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445244/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">223</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D09AE75353B41D1B" box="[1224,1270,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 262–269" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@87.[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 262–269. Holopothrips tabebuia and H. tenuis. 262–265. Holopothrips tabebuia: (262) head and pronotum; (263) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (264) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (265) spermatheca; 266–269. Holopothrips tenuis paratype: (266) body; (267) head and pronotum; (268) spermatheca; (269) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445256/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">267</figureCitation>
|
||
), this being a characteristic commonly associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D638E77055BD1D46" box="[618,767,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D638E77055BD1D46" box="[618,767,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, some species do not have eyes so enlarged, but somewhat reduced in comparison to the eyes of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D6A1E71B54CA1D63" box="[755,904,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D6A1E71B54CA1D63" box="[755,904,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D7BDE71B53041D63" box="[1007,1094,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–50" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[159,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 45–50. Holopothrips cardosoi sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (45) body; (46) head and pronotum; (47) metanotal sculpture; (48) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (49) spermatheca; (50) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445198/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 46</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D000E71B53331D62" box="[1106,1137,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 88–94" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 88–94. Holopothrips flavisetis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (88) head and pronotum; (89) mesonotum; (90) metanotum; (91) body; (92) pelta; (93) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (white arrow); (94) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445208/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">88</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E73853801E82" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
There is one pair of postocular setae in almost all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D6A3E73854C41D8E" box="[753,902,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D6A3E73854C41D8E" box="[753,902,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, although in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D022E72653961D8E" box="[1136,1236,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D022E72653961D8E" box="[1136,1236,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. fulvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D158E72652DE1D8E" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1290,1436,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D158E72652DE1D8E" box="[1290,1436,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. singularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D4C5E7C357951DAB" box="[151,215,404,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D4C5E7C357951DAB" bold="true" box="[151,215,404,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
they seem to be reduced to the size of discal setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D772E7C354361DAA" box="[800,884,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–87" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[231,1356,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 75–87. Holopothrips ferrisi, H. fulvus and H. graminis. 75–77. Holopothrips ferrisi: (75) head and pronotum; (76) mesonotum and part of metanotum; (77) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; 78–82. Holopothrips fulvus, H. anacardii synonymy paratype and topotypes: (78) body; (79) head and pronotum; (80) metanotum and pelta; (81) spermatheca; (82) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII; 83–87. Holopothrips graminis paratype: (83) head and pronotum; (84) mesonotum and metanotum; (85) prosternum showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (86) pelta; (87) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445206/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
|
||
), or fully absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D069E7C353DD1DAA" box="[1083,1183,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 241–247" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 241–247. Holopothrips singularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (241) body; (242) head and pronotum; (243) prosternum, showing vestigial labial palps (white arrows); (244) pelta; (245) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (246) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (247) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445250/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 242</figureCitation>
|
||
). The length of po can range from barely different from discal setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D6F1E7E055BE1DD6" box="[675,764,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–60" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 51–60. Holopothrips carolinae, H. chaconi and H. claritibialis. 51–52. Holopothrips carolinae, female holotype: (51) body; (52) head and pronotum; 53–54. Holopothrips chaconi, paratypes: (53) male paratype, head and pronotum; (54) female paratype, body; 55–60. Holopothrips claritibialis: (55) body; (56) head and pronotum; (57) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (58) prosternum, showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (59) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (60) abdominal tergites III–IV, showing the third and a fourth wing-retaining seta (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445200/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 52</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D75AE7E054711DD6" box="[776,819,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 234–240" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 234–240. Holopothrips reticulatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (234) body; (235) head and pronotum; (236) detail of head, showing minute tubercles on sculpture (white arrows); (237) mesonotum and metanotum; (238) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; (239) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (240) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445248/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">235</figureCitation>
|
||
) to longer than the dorsal length of the eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D163E7E052D51DD6" box="[1329,1431,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 159–167" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 159–167. Holopothrips longisetus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (159) body; (160) head and pronotum, with long pronotal setae, including am; (161) fore tarsus, showing robust hamus (black arrow); (162) detail of pronotum, showing shorter am setae (white arrows); (163) mesonotum; (164) pelta; (165) spermatheca; (166) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing absence of pore plate; (167) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445228/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 160</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D4C5E78B57871DF2" box="[151,197,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 198–203" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 198–203. Holopothrips nigrum sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (198) body; (199) head and pronotum; (200) mesonotum and metanotum; (201) pelta; (202) spermatheca; (203) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445238/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">199</figureCitation>
|
||
); but is usually between these extremes, about as long as the dorsal width of an eye. A third major seta or even a secondary pair of large setae may be present inner to po in some specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D7ACE7A853221E1E" box="[1022,1120,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 138–144" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1850,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 138–144. Holopothrips johanseni sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (138) body; (139) head and pronotum, showing the secondary postocular setae (white arrow); (140) mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (141) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII (black arrows); (142) spermatheca (white arrow); (143) pelta; (144) mesosternum and metasternum, showing the absence of metapleural sutures (white circles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 139</figureCitation>
|
||
); it is possible that this extra po is actually one of the postocellar pairs. The tip of po setae is as variable as the pronotal setae, less commonly acute (e. g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D576E41E56F01E66" box="[292,434,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porrosati">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D576E41E56F01E66" box="[292,434,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. porrosati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D596E41E55161E66" box="[452,596,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stannardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D596E41E55161E66" box="[452,596,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. stannardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or blunt (e. g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D745E41E54E91E66" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[791,939,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D745E41E54E91E66" box="[791,939,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D7E5E41054B81E66" box="[951,1018,583,608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D7E5E41054B81E66" bold="true" box="[951,1018,583,608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D05EE41E53CB1E66" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1036,1161,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D05EE41E53CB1E66" box="[1036,1161,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D0C6E41053951E66" box="[1172,1239,583,608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D0C6E41053951E66" bold="true" box="[1172,1239,583,608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D0BBE41E520D1E66" box="[1257,1359,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orites">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D0BBE41E520D1E66" box="[1257,1359,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. orites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with expanded or capitate tips being more frequent (e. g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D68DE43A54C61E83" box="[735,900,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claritibialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D68DE43A54C61E83" box="[735,900,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. claritibialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D7C0E43A54BB1E82" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[914,1017,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maiae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D7C0E43A54BB1E82" box="[914,1017,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. maiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D7ADE43B537D1E83" box="[1023,1087,620,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D7ADE43B537D1E83" bold="true" box="[1023,1087,620,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D01EE43A53F31E82" box="[1100,1201,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D01EE43A53F31E82" box="[1100,1201,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. tenuis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E4D853551F86" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
The maxillary stylets vary in position within the head, the most common combination being retracted until postocular setae and about one third of head width apart or less (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D73FE4E354861ECB" box="[877,964,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 95–98" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1939,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 95–98. Holopothrips graziae sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (95) body; (96) head and pronotum; (97) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (98) abdominal segments VIII–X, showing spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445210/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 96</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D782E4E354AD1ECA" box="[976,1007,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–106" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1593,1616]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 99–106. Holopothrips hambletoni and H. hilaris. 99–101. Holopothrips hambletoni paratype: (99) head and pronotum; (100) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (101) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 102–106. Holopothrips hilaris paratype: (102) head and pronotum; (103) mesonotum and metanotum; (104) prosternum showing basantra (white arrows); (105) pelta; (106) spermatheca (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445212/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">99</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D7A8E4E353651ECA" box="[1018,1063,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURES 112–119" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1950,1973]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[201,1385,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 112–119. Holopothrips infestans sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (112) body; (113) head and pronotum; (114) prosternum; (115) mesonotum; (116) metanotum; (117) pelta and abdominal tergite II; (118) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; (119) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445216/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">113</figureCitation>
|
||
). Few species have the maxillary stylets retracted to the posterior margin of eyes and closer to each other medially, almost touching in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D0ABE48E52361EF6" authorityName="Costa Lima" authorityYear="1935" box="[1273,1396,729,752]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ananasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D0ABE48E52361EF6" box="[1273,1396,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. ananasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D1D3E48E57BA1F13" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardosoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D1D3E48E57BA1F13" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. cardosoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D552E4AB56031F13" box="[256,321,764,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D552E4AB56031F13" bold="true" box="[256,321,764,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D53BE4AA55461F13" authorityName="Priesner" authorityYear="1921" box="[361,516,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Phrasterothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conducans">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D53BE4AA55461F13" box="[361,516,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. conducans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D647E4AB552C1F12" box="[533,622,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. Holopothrips ananasi paratypes. (22) head, pronotum, mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (23) pelta; (24) spermatheca; (25) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445190/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 22</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D629E4AB55D81F13" box="[635,666,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–50" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[159,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 45–50. Holopothrips cardosoi sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (45) body; (46) head and pronotum; (47) metanotal sculpture; (48) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (49) spermatheca; (50) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445198/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">46</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D6F4E4AB55871F13" box="[678,709,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–68" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 61–68. Holopothrips conducans and H. erianthi. 61–65 Holopothrips conducans: (61) head and pronotum; (62) metanotal sculpture; (63) shaded fore wing; (64) pelta; (65) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; 66–68 Holopothrips erianthi: (66) head and pronotum; (67) metanotum and pelta; (68) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445202/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">61</figureCitation>
|
||
). Other species have the maxillary stylets less retracted into the head, sometimes barely leaving the mouth cone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D6EBE548545A1F3E" box="[697,792,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 107–111" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 107–111. Holopothrips inconspicuus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (107) body; (108) mesonotum and metanotum; (109) head and pronotum; (110) pelta; (111) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445214/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 109</figureCitation>
|
||
) or, in species with a longer head, reaching halfway to po base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D488E51356031F5B" box="[218,321,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–175" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 168–175. Holopothrips magnus sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (168) body; (169) head and pronotum; (170) mesonotum; (171) metanotum; (172) pelta; (173) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (174) spermatheca; (175) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445230/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 169</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D51DE513563F1F5A" box="[335,381,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Holopothrips nigrisetis sp. nov. paratypes. (191) body; (192) head and pronotum; (193) mesonotum; (194) pelta; (195) spermatheca; (196) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (197) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445236/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">192</figureCitation>
|
||
). Stylets less retracted into the head tend to be more separated from each other, having a V shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D4B7E53056081F86" box="[229,330,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–137" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1894,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,193,1874]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 131–137. Holopothrips irregularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (131) body; (132) head and pronotum; (133) mesonotum; (134) metanotum; (135) pelta; (136) spermatheca; (137) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing faint spots, which may be pore plates (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445220/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 132</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D504E53F56C31F86" box="[342,385,872,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–233" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@77.[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 226–233. Holopothrips punctatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (226) body; (227) head and pronotum; (228) detail of pronotum, showing the forking of the epimeral suture around the base of pa setae (white arrow); (229) mesonotum; (230) pelta; (231) spermatheca; (232) male abdominal sternites VII–VIII, pore plate visible on VII (white arrow) but hidden by internal content on VIII; (233) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445246/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">227</figureCitation>
|
||
) in contrast to the usual parallel disposition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D728E53054931F86" box="[890,977,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–68" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 61–68. Holopothrips conducans and H. erianthi. 61–65 Holopothrips conducans: (61) head and pronotum; (62) metanotal sculpture; (63) shaded fore wing; (64) pelta; (65) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; 66–68 Holopothrips erianthi: (66) head and pronotum; (67) metanotum and pelta; (68) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445202/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 66</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D78EE53F53491F86" box="[988,1035,872,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 241–247" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 241–247. Holopothrips singularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (241) body; (242) head and pronotum; (243) prosternum, showing vestigial labial palps (white arrows); (244) pelta; (245) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (246) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (247) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445250/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">242</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E5DB530E1816" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Mouth cone can be somewhat rounded at tip, and in this case the labial palps tend to be reduced to what looks like a basal plate, barely projecting from the labium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D6ACE5F854271FCE" box="[766,869,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 183–190" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1756]" captionTargetId="figure@65.[151,1436,193,1756]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 183–190. Holopothrips mariae and H. molzi. 183–187. Holopothrips mariae paratypes: (183) body; (184) head and pronotum; (185) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (186) spermatheca; (187) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); 188–190. Holopothrips molzi paratypes: (188) body; (189) head and prosternum; (190) pronotum, mesonotum, metanotum, pelta and abdominal tergite II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445234/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 187</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D726E5E754E01FCE" box="[884,930,944,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 241–247" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 241–247. Holopothrips singularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (241) body; (242) head and pronotum; (243) prosternum, showing vestigial labial palps (white arrows); (244) pelta; (245) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (246) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (247) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445250/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">243</figureCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, there are several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D154E5F852D91FCE" box="[1286,1435,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D154E5F852D91FCE" box="[1286,1435,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with the mouth cone longer and pointed, sometimes extending beyond the posterior margin of fore coxae, with labial palps usually being longer and with visible segmentation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D7F3E5A053471816" box="[929,1029,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–175" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 168–175. Holopothrips magnus sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (168) body; (169) head and pronotum; (170) mesonotum; (171) metanotum; (172) pelta; (173) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (174) spermatheca; (175) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445230/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 173</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D043E5AF537D1816" box="[1041,1087,1016,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 276–283" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 276–283. Holopothrips varicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (276) body; (277) head and pronotum; (278) prosternum, showing weakly defined basantra (white arrows); (279) mesonotum; (280) pelta; (281) metanotum; (282) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (283) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445260/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">278</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E24B546E1971" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D495E24B56661835" box="[199,292,1052,1075]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
: With eight segments in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D6D0E24B54551833" box="[642,791,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D6D0E24B54551833" box="[642,791,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species; the main antennal character used for species identification is the number of sense cones on segments III–IV. Three sense cones on each seems to be the most common pattern within the genus, but reductions in the number of sense cones occur in a variety of species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD7FFD6D11BE233561718A6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref59437" refString="Mound, L. A. & Marullo, R. (1996) The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6, 1 - 488." type="journal article">Mound & Marullo 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D675E2DE55F418A6" box="[551,694,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D675E2DE55F418A6" box="[551,694,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D694E2DE540D18A6" box="[710,847,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="graminis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D694E2DE540D18A6" box="[710,847,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. graminis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D70DE2DE54B718A6" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[863,1013,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D70DE2DE54B718A6" box="[863,1013,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. longisetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D7ACE2D0530218A6" box="[1022,1088,1159,1184]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D7ACE2D0530218A6" bold="true" box="[1022,1088,1159,1184]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
bear only two sense cones on antennal segments III–IV. There are also species where the number of sense cones is variable, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D1D3E2FA565918EE" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Anoplothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaboticabae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D1D3E2FA565918EE" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. jaboticabae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(one or two cones on III and two or three on IV),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D7DFE28654B518EE" box="[909,1015,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D7DFE28654B518EE" box="[909,1015,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. fulvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(usually three sense cones on both segments, but in some specimens one sense cone is absent) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD7FFD6D704E2A3535F190A" box="[854,1053,1268,1293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref58955" refString="Lima, M. G. A., Dias-Pini, N. S., Lima, E. F. B., Maciel, G. P. S. & Vidal-Neto, F. C. (2017) Identification and pest status of Holopothrips fulvus (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) on dwarf-cashew crops in Northeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 61 (4), 271 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. rbe. 2017.07.007" type="journal article">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5362F877FFD7FFD6D704E2A354D1190B" box="[854,915,1268,1293]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Lima</collectingRegion>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D7CEE2A2549A190B" box="[924,984,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D006E2A2538A190A" box="[1108,1224,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D006E2A2538A190A" box="[1108,1224,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. mariae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(usually with two sense cones on each segment, but some individuals have three sense cones on III) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD7FFD6D012E34052141936" box="[1088,1366,1303,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref59437" refString="Mound, L. A. & Marullo, R. (1996) The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6, 1 - 488." type="journal article">Mound & Marullo 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This variation seems to be present as well in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D609E36A55A01953" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[603,738,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavisetis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D609E36A55A01953" box="[603,738,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. flavisetis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D6BBE36B546B1953" box="[745,809,1340,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D6BBE36B546B1953" bold="true" box="[745,809,1340,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, with the observed females bearing two sense cones on IV and the single available male bearing three sense cones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D9BC651EFFD7FFD0D495E3D35588185E" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E3D3530619E2" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D495E3D3567B199B" box="[199,313,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Pronotal sculpture is usually weak or absent medially, being present only near the posterior margins, and sometimes anterior margins. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D6FDE3FE540F19C6" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[687,845,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D6FDE3FE540F19C6" box="[687,845,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. reticulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D70BE3F054DF19C6" box="[857,925,1447,1472]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D70BE3F054DF19C6" bold="true" box="[857,925,1447,1472]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the pronotum is fully reticulate, and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D1D3E3FE564519E3" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D1D3E3FE564519E3" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. singularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD7FFD6D55CE39B560F19E3" box="[270,333,1484,1509]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D55CE39B560F19E3" bold="true" box="[270,333,1484,1509]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the sculpture is absent only in a small median portion of pronotum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E3B854C71ABB" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
All five pairs of major pronotal setae are usually present, although reductions in size are not uncommon. Several species have the am setae reduced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D6C0E04355AE1A2A" box="[658,748,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–106" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1593,1616]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 99–106. Holopothrips hambletoni and H. hilaris. 99–101. Holopothrips hambletoni paratype: (99) head and pronotum; (100) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (101) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 102–106. Holopothrips hilaris paratype: (102) head and pronotum; (103) mesonotum and metanotum; (104) prosternum showing basantra (white arrows); (105) pelta; (106) spermatheca (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445212/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 99</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D6A8E04354641A2A" box="[762,806,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURES 176–182" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,193,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[182,1405,193,1951]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 176–182. Holopothrips maiae sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (176) body; (177) head and pronotum; (178) mesonotum; (179) pelta; (180) spermatheca; (181) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (182) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445232/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">177</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D767E04354211A2A" box="[821,867,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–233" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@77.[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 226–233. Holopothrips punctatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (226) body; (227) head and pronotum; (228) detail of pronotum, showing the forking of the epimeral suture around the base of pa setae (white arrow); (229) mesonotum; (230) pelta; (231) spermatheca; (232) male abdominal sternites VII–VIII, pore plate visible on VII (white arrow) but hidden by internal content on VIII; (233) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445246/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">227</figureCitation>
|
||
), not differing from discal setae, or with variable length among individuals of the same species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D6FAE060540A1A56" box="[680,840,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 159–167" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 159–167. Holopothrips longisetus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (159) body; (160) head and pronotum, with long pronotal setae, including am; (161) fore tarsus, showing robust hamus (black arrow); (162) detail of pronotum, showing shorter am setae (white arrows); (163) mesonotum; (164) pelta; (165) spermatheca; (166) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing absence of pore plate; (167) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445228/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 160, 162</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some other species the aa setae are minute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D138E06057F41A73" captionStart="FIGURES 95–98" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1939,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 95–98. Holopothrips graziae sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (95) body; (96) head and pronotum; (97) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (98) abdominal segments VIII–X, showing spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445210/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 96</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D493E00B57AD1A73" box="[193,239,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 262–269" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@87.[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 262–269. Holopothrips tabebuia and H. tenuis. 262–265. Holopothrips tabebuia: (262) head and pronotum; (263) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (264) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (265) spermatheca; 266–269. Holopothrips tenuis paratype: (266) body; (267) head and pronotum; (268) spermatheca; (269) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445256/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">267</figureCitation>
|
||
), and in few of these the ml also arises closer to the anterior margin. The length of pronotal setae in general also varies greatly, with some species having these setae (except ep) very short (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D072E02853C71A9E" box="[1056,1157,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–175" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 168–175. Holopothrips magnus sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (168) body; (169) head and pronotum; (170) mesonotum; (171) metanotum; (172) pelta; (173) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (174) spermatheca; (175) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445230/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 169</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D0C0E0D753FD1A9E" box="[1170,1215,1664,1688]" captionStart="FIGURES 270–275" captionStartId="89.[151,264,1633,1656]" captionTargetBox="[168,1400,209,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@89.[168,1400,209,1608]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 270–275. Holopothrips tillandsiae and H. tupi. 270–271. Holopothrips tillandsiae paratype: (270) body; (271) head and pronotum; 272–275. Holopothrips tupi paratype: (272) body; (273) head and pronotum; (274) spermatheca; (275) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445258/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">273</figureCitation>
|
||
), and others having elongate setae, with ep and pa longer than 100 µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D68BE0F3547C1ABB" box="[729,830,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–158" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[201,1391,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[201,1391,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 151–158. Holopothrips longihamus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (151) body; (152) head and pronotum; (153) antenna and fore tarsus, showing the enlarged hamus (black arrow); (154) mesonotum; (155) pelta, showing the multiple campaniform sensilla (black arrows); (156) spermatheca; (157) male sternite VIII, showing weak spots, which may be the pore plates (white arrows); (158) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445226/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 152</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D718E0F3543A1ABB" box="[842,888,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 159–167" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 159–167. Holopothrips longisetus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (159) body; (160) head and pronotum, with long pronotal setae, including am; (161) fore tarsus, showing robust hamus (black arrow); (162) detail of pronotum, showing shorter am setae (white arrows); (163) mesonotum; (164) pelta; (165) spermatheca; (166) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing absence of pore plate; (167) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445228/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">160</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E09056481B2E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
The epimera usually bear one pair of major setae, but a second minute seta is present close to the major pair. In some species this second pair is fully developed, thus the epimeral region bears two pairs of major setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D112E0BB52D51B03" box="[1344,1431,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–68" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 61–68. Holopothrips conducans and H. erianthi. 61–65 Holopothrips conducans: (61) head and pronotum; (62) metanotal sculpture; (63) shaded fore wing; (64) pelta; (65) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; 66–68 Holopothrips erianthi: (66) head and pronotum; (67) metanotum and pelta; (68) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445202/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 61</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D4C5E15857811B2E" box="[151,195,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–175" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 168–175. Holopothrips magnus sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (168) body; (169) head and pronotum; (170) mesonotum; (171) metanotum; (172) pelta; (173) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (174) spermatheca; (175) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445230/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">169</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D49DE14757BF1B2E" box="[207,253,1808,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Holopothrips nigrisetis sp. nov. paratypes. (191) body; (192) head and pronotum; (193) mesonotum; (194) pelta; (195) spermatheca; (196) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (197) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445236/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">192</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD6D495E16356931BBE" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
The apex of pronotal setae is also variable, most frequently expanded or capitate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D02BE16353901B4A" box="[1145,1234,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. Holopothrips ananasi paratypes. (22) head, pronotum, mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (23) pelta; (24) spermatheca; (25) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445190/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 22</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D0B3E163524D1B4B" box="[1249,1295,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 254–261" captionStartId="86.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[151,1436,193,1715]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 254–261. Holopothrips stannardi and H. striatus. 254–256. Holopothrips stannardi paratypes: (254) body; (255) head and pronotum; (256) spermatheca; 257–261. Holopothrips striatus holotype and paratypes: (257) body; (258) head; (259) pronotal setae; (260) mesonotum and metanotum; (261) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445254/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">259</figureCitation>
|
||
), sometimes blunt (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D4B2E10056751B76" box="[224,311,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–31" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1565,1588]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 26–31. Holopothrips atlanticus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (26) body; (27) head and pronotum; (28) pelta; (29) metanotum; (30) spermatheca; (31) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445192/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 27</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D516E10056331B76" box="[324,369,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–175" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 168–175. Holopothrips magnus sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (168) body; (169) head and pronotum; (170) mesonotum; (171) metanotum; (172) pelta; (173) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (174) spermatheca; (175) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445230/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">169</figureCitation>
|
||
), and some species may have some setae acute (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD7FFD6D791E10E530D1B76" box="[963,1103,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stannardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D791E10E530D1B76" box="[963,1103,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. stannardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Not all setae have the same type of apex, with smaller setae (usually am and/or aa) frequently having acute or blunt apex in contrast to the capitate tips of longer setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD7FFD1D495E19256FB1D46" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD7FFD6D495E19256081BDA" box="[199,330,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mesonotum</emphasis>
|
||
: The mesonotal sculpture ranges from well-defined equiangular reticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D096E19352731BDA" box="[1220,1329,1988,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–106" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1593,1616]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 99–106. Holopothrips hambletoni and H. hilaris. 99–101. Holopothrips hambletoni paratype: (99) head and pronotum; (100) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (101) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 102–106. Holopothrips hilaris paratype: (102) head and pronotum; (103) mesonotum and metanotum; (104) prosternum showing basantra (white arrows); (105) pelta; (106) spermatheca (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445212/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 100</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD7FFD6D116E193522D1BDA" box="[1348,1391,1988,2012]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–233" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@77.[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 226–233. Holopothrips punctatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (226) body; (227) head and pronotum; (228) detail of pronotum, showing the forking of the epimeral suture around the base of pa setae (white arrow); (229) mesonotum; (230) pelta; (231) spermatheca; (232) male abdominal sternites VII–VIII, pore plate visible on VII (white arrow) but hidden by internal content on VIII; (233) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445246/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">229</figureCitation>
|
||
) to elongate or irregular reticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D5B8E6C055061CB6" box="[490,580,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. Holopothrips ananasi paratypes. (22) head, pronotum, mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (23) pelta; (24) spermatheca; (25) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445190/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 22</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D603E6C0553E1CB6" box="[593,636,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 212–220" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@74.[151,1436,375,1655]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 212–220. Holopothrips permagnus and H. pictus. 212–217. Holopothrips permagnus paratype: (212) head; (213) pelta; (214) pronotum, showing almost complete to complete epimeral sutures (white arrows); (215) spermatheca; (216) detail of mesonotal and part of metanotal sculpture; (217) mesonotum and metanotum; 218–220. Holopothrips pictus: (218) head and pronotum; (219) mesonotum and metanotum; (220) pelta and abdominal tergites II–III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445242/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">216</figureCitation>
|
||
) to mostly transverse lines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D790E6C0536A1CB6" box="[962,1064,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Holopothrips nigrisetis sp. nov. paratypes. (191) body; (192) head and pronotum; (193) mesonotum; (194) pelta; (195) spermatheca; (196) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (197) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445236/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 193</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D064E6CF53261CB6" box="[1078,1124,152,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 204–211" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,195,1821]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 204–211. Holopothrips omercooperi, H. orites, H. paulus and H. pennatus. 204–208. Holopothrips orites paratypes: (204) body; (205) head; (206) spermatheca; (207) pronotum and mesonotum; (208) metanotum and pelta; (209) Holopothrips omercooperi paratype, body; (210) Holopothrips paulus paratype, body; (211) Holopothrips pennatus paratype, body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445240/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">207</figureCitation>
|
||
). While most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D154E6C052D91CB6" box="[1286,1435,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D154E6C052D91CB6" box="[1286,1435,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species do not have internal markings within the mesonotal sculpture, several species bear them, sometimes weaker and restricted to a few reticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D5ACE68855221CFE" box="[510,608,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–130" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 120–130. Holopothrips inquilinus, H. inversus and H. jaboticabae. 120–121. Holopothrips inquilinus paratype: (120) body; (121) head and pronotum; 122–124. Holopothrips jaboticabae: (122) head and pronotum; (123) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (124) tergite II, wing-retaining setae (white arrows); 125–130. Holopothrips inversus paratype: (125) head and pronotum; (126) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (127) mesonotum; (128) metanotum and pelta; (129) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (130) pore plates extending towards abdominal tergite VIII (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
|
||
), in others well-defined and filling all reticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D02AE68853921CFE" box="[1144,1232,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–87" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[231,1356,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 75–87. Holopothrips ferrisi, H. fulvus and H. graminis. 75–77. Holopothrips ferrisi: (75) head and pronotum; (76) mesonotum and part of metanotum; (77) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; 78–82. Holopothrips fulvus, H. anacardii synonymy paratype and topotypes: (78) body; (79) head and pronotum; (80) metanotum and pelta; (81) spermatheca; (82) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII; 83–87. Holopothrips graminis paratype: (83) head and pronotum; (84) mesonotum and metanotum; (85) prosternum showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (86) pelta; (87) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445206/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 76</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D08FE68852491CFE" box="[1245,1291,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 212–220" captionStartId="74.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@74.[151,1436,375,1655]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 212–220. Holopothrips permagnus and H. pictus. 212–217. Holopothrips permagnus paratype: (212) head; (213) pelta; (214) pronotum, showing almost complete to complete epimeral sutures (white arrows); (215) spermatheca; (216) detail of mesonotal and part of metanotal sculpture; (217) mesonotum and metanotum; 218–220. Holopothrips pictus: (218) head and pronotum; (219) mesonotum and metanotum; (220) pelta and abdominal tergites II–III." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445242/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">216</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sometimes the median sculpture converges towards the posteromedian suture of mesonotum, with the sculpture becoming elongate or almost striate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD0FFD1D495E71B56F61EAE" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D495E71B56081D63" box="[199,330,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Metathorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Similar to the mesonotum, the metanotum bears variable sculpture, especially on median and posterior areas. Laterally the sculpture tends to be formed by elongate reticles or striations, independent of the median pattern. The most common pattern medially seems to be longitudinally elongate reticles, sometimes weakly defined and without internal markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D600E7E055EA1DD6" box="[594,680,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1792,1815]" captionTargetBox="[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 16–21. Holopothrips acrioris sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (16) body. abd—abdomen, ant—antenna; hd—head; ms—mesothorax; fw—fore wing; mt—metathorax; pel—pelta (first abdominal tergite); pro—prothorax; spe—female spermatheca; tu—tube (tenth abdominal segment); II–X—second to tenth abdominal segments. (17) head and pronotum. aapronotal anteroangular seta; am—pronotal anteromarginal seta; ep—pronotal epimeral setae; mes—mesonotum; metmetanotum (part); ml—pronotal midlateral seta; mx—maxillary stylet; oc—ocellus; pa—pronotal posteroangular seta; popostocular setae. (18) pelta and abdominal tergite II. WR—wing-retaining setae. (19) metanotal sculpture. mds—metanotal discal setae; mms—metanotal major setae; (20) spermatheca (spe). (21) male pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (mpp)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445188/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 19</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D6E6E7EF55911DD6" box="[692,723,440,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–50" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[159,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 45–50. Holopothrips cardosoi sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (45) body; (46) head and pronotum; (47) metanotal sculpture; (48) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (49) spermatheca; (50) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445198/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">47</figureCitation>
|
||
), in others well-defined, with internal markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D0AAE7E0521F1DD6" box="[1272,1373,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–137" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1894,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,193,1874]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 131–137. Holopothrips irregularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (131) body; (132) head and pronotum; (133) mesonotum; (134) metanotum; (135) pelta; (136) spermatheca; (137) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing faint spots, which may be pore plates (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445220/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 134</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D13BE7EF52D61DD6" box="[1385,1428,440,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 234–240" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 234–240. Holopothrips reticulatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (234) body; (235) head and pronotum; (236) detail of head, showing minute tubercles on sculpture (white arrows); (237) mesonotum and metanotum; (238) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; (239) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (240) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445248/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">237</figureCitation>
|
||
) or without them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D50BE78B56FC1DF2" box="[345,446,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 183–190" captionStartId="65.[151,264,1796,1819]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,1756]" captionTargetId="figure@65.[151,1436,193,1756]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURES 183–190. Holopothrips mariae and H. molzi. 183–187. Holopothrips mariae paratypes: (183) body; (184) head and pronotum; (185) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (186) spermatheca; (187) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); 188–190. Holopothrips molzi paratypes: (188) body; (189) head and prosternum; (190) pronotum, mesonotum, metanotum, pelta and abdominal tergite II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445234/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 190</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D598E78B56BA1DF2" box="[458,504,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 276–283" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 276–283. Holopothrips varicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (276) body; (277) head and pronotum; (278) prosternum, showing weakly defined basantra (white arrows); (279) mesonotum; (280) pelta; (281) metanotum; (282) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (283) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445260/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">281</figureCitation>
|
||
). A few species, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D75DE78A54F21DF3" box="[783,944,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hambletoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D75DE78A54F21DF3" box="[783,944,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. hambletoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D787E78A53261DF2" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[981,1124,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D787E78A53261DF2" box="[981,1124,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D039E78B53E91DF3" box="[1131,1195,476,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D039E78B53E91DF3" bold="true" box="[1131,1195,476,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, have the metanotum covered by equiangular reticles, usually without internal markings or with faint ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D0D0E7A853A91E1E" box="[1154,1259,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–106" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1593,1616]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 99–106. Holopothrips hambletoni and H. hilaris. 99–101. Holopothrips hambletoni paratype: (99) head and pronotum; (100) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (101) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 102–106. Holopothrips hilaris paratype: (102) head and pronotum; (103) mesonotum and metanotum; (104) prosternum showing basantra (white arrows); (105) pelta; (106) spermatheca (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445212/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 100</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D0A8E457526A1E1E" box="[1274,1320,512,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 226–233" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@77.[212,1380,187,1905]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 226–233. Holopothrips punctatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (226) body; (227) head and pronotum; (228) detail of pronotum, showing the forking of the epimeral suture around the base of pa setae (white arrow); (229) mesonotum; (230) pelta; (231) spermatheca; (232) male abdominal sternites VII–VIII, pore plate visible on VII (white arrow) but hidden by internal content on VIII; (233) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445246/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">233</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some species the metanotal sculpture is striate, either through the whole sculptured area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D060E47353CA1E3B" box="[1074,1160,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–68" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 61–68. Holopothrips conducans and H. erianthi. 61–65 Holopothrips conducans: (61) head and pronotum; (62) metanotal sculpture; (63) shaded fore wing; (64) pelta; (65) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; 66–68 Holopothrips erianthi: (66) head and pronotum; (67) metanotum and pelta; (68) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445202/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 67</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D0C6E47353831E3A" box="[1172,1217,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 198–203" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 198–203. Holopothrips nigrum sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (198) body; (199) head and pronotum; (200) mesonotum and metanotum; (201) pelta; (202) spermatheca; (203) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445238/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">200</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D099E47353B51E3A" box="[1227,1271,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 204–211" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,195,1821]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 204–211. Holopothrips omercooperi, H. orites, H. paulus and H. pennatus. 204–208. Holopothrips orites paratypes: (204) body; (205) head; (206) spermatheca; (207) pronotum and mesonotum; (208) metanotum and pelta; (209) Holopothrips omercooperi paratype, body; (210) Holopothrips paulus paratype, body; (211) Holopothrips pennatus paratype, body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445240/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">208</figureCitation>
|
||
) or on anterior half, with elongate to equiangular reticulation covering the posterior half (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D073E41053CF1E66" box="[1057,1165,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–130" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 120–130. Holopothrips inquilinus, H. inversus and H. jaboticabae. 120–121. Holopothrips inquilinus paratype: (120) body; (121) head and pronotum; 122–124. Holopothrips jaboticabae: (122) head and pronotum; (123) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (124) tergite II, wing-retaining setae (white arrows); 125–130. Holopothrips inversus paratype: (125) head and pronotum; (126) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (127) mesonotum; (128) metanotum and pelta; (129) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (130) pore plates extending towards abdominal tergite VIII (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 128</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D0F3E410538D1E66" box="[1185,1231,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 262–269" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@87.[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 262–269. Holopothrips tabebuia and H. tenuis. 262–265. Holopothrips tabebuia: (262) head and pronotum; (263) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (264) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (265) spermatheca; 266–269. Holopothrips tenuis paratype: (266) body; (267) head and pronotum; (268) spermatheca; (269) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445256/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">269</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although more uncommon, striate sculpture can also bear weaker lines in between the striae, which are also considered internal markings here (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D514E4D856EA1EAE" box="[326,424,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–150" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1969,1992]" captionTargetBox="[187,1403,193,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[187,1403,193,1950]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 145–150. Holopothrips kaminskii sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (145) body (wings not showing due to edition of photo); (146) mesonotum; (147) metanotum; (148) head and pronotum; (149) pelta; (150) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445224/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 147</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD0FFD1D495E4E354401F5A" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Anterior to the major median setae of the metanotum, all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D704E4E354A91ECB" box="[854,1003,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D704E4E354A91ECB" box="[854,1003,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bear at least one or two shorter setae. While most species have one or two pairs of these setae,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D77EE48E54E01EF6" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[812,930,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D77EE48E54E01EF6" box="[812,930,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D7F9E48054AF1EF6" box="[939,1005,727,752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D7F9E48054AF1EF6" bold="true" box="[939,1005,727,752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
usually bears more than five pairs of setae, frequently asymmetrically placed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D634E4AB55F91F12" box="[614,699,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–38" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,265,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 32–38. Holopothrips bicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (32) body; (33) head and pronotum; (34) mesonotum; (35) pore plates on sternites VI–VIII; (36) pelta; (37) spermatheca; (38) metanotum, showing the anterior discal setae (black arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445194/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
). This trait is not exclusive to the genus, being found in a variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D4E4E54856241F3E" box="[182,358,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phlaeothripidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (called the “group c” of metanotal setae in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD0FFD1D7E6E548530C1F3E" box="[948,1102,799,824]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref58258" refString="Bhatti, J. S. (1998) New perspectives in the structure and taxonomy of Tubulifera. Scientia Publishing, New Delhi, 205 pp." type="book">Bhatti (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which also mentions several genera unrelated to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D526E513554B1F5B" box="[372,521,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D526E513554B1F5B" box="[372,521,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that bear these setae).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD0FFD1D495E53052DF1FEB" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Ventrally, most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D529E530554F1F86" box="[379,525,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D529E530554F1F86" box="[379,525,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have well-defined metapleural sutures, although in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D031E53E53B31F86" box="[1123,1265,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D031E53E53B31F86" box="[1123,1265,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D151E53E522D1F86" box="[1283,1391,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hilaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D151E53E522D1F86" box="[1283,1391,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. hilaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D1D3E53E56481FA3" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tillandsiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D1D3E53E56481FA3" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. tillandsiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D516E5DA56D01FA2" box="[324,402,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tupi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D516E5DA56D01FA2" box="[324,402,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. tupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they seem to be reduced, and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D75CE5DA54DE1FA3" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[782,924,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="johanseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D75CE5DA54DE1FA3" box="[782,924,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. johanseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D7F4E5DB54A71FA3" box="[934,997,908,933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D7F4E5DB54A71FA3" bold="true" box="[934,997,908,933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D7A4E5DA53CB1FA3" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1014,1161,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D7A4E5DA53CB1FA3" box="[1014,1161,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. longisetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D0C0E5DB53931FA3" box="[1170,1233,908,933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D0C0E5DB53931FA3" bold="true" box="[1170,1233,908,933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D0B0E5DA52041FA2" box="[1250,1350,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D0B0E5DA52041FA2" box="[1250,1350,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D1D3E5DA57B01FCE" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D1D3E5DA57B01FCE" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. signatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
no metapleural suture is observed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D6D2E5F855A31FCE" box="[640,737,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 138–144" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1850,1873]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 138–144. Holopothrips johanseni sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (138) body; (139) head and pronotum, showing the secondary postocular setae (white arrow); (140) mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (141) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII (black arrows); (142) spermatheca (white arrow); (143) pelta; (144) mesosternum and metasternum, showing the absence of metapleural sutures (white circles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445222/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 144</figureCitation>
|
||
). In at least
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D738E5E6535E1FCE" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[874,1052,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inconspicuus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D738E5E6535E1FCE" box="[874,1052,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. inconspicuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D076E5F853211FCE" box="[1060,1123,943,968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D076E5F853211FCE" bold="true" box="[1060,1123,943,968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D0C9E5E652691FCE" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1179,1323,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D0C9E5E652691FCE" box="[1179,1323,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. singularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D161E5F852331FCE" box="[1331,1393,943,968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D161E5F852331FCE" bold="true" box="[1331,1393,943,968]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the metapleural suture seems to be variable within the species, being present in some individuals but not visible in others.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD0FFD1D495E5A05206190B" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D495E5A056731816" box="[199,305,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: The presence of a third pair of WR on tergites II–VII is usually mentioned as one of the diagnostic features of the genus, being found in most species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D688E24B54701832" box="[730,818,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1792,1815]" captionTargetBox="[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 16–21. Holopothrips acrioris sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (16) body. abd—abdomen, ant—antenna; hd—head; ms—mesothorax; fw—fore wing; mt—metathorax; pel—pelta (first abdominal tergite); pro—prothorax; spe—female spermatheca; tu—tube (tenth abdominal segment); II–X—second to tenth abdominal segments. (17) head and pronotum. aapronotal anteroangular seta; am—pronotal anteromarginal seta; ep—pronotal epimeral setae; mes—mesonotum; metmetanotum (part); ml—pronotal midlateral seta; mx—maxillary stylet; oc—ocellus; pa—pronotal posteroangular seta; popostocular setae. (18) pelta and abdominal tergite II. WR—wing-retaining setae. (19) metanotal sculpture. mds—metanotal discal setae; mms—metanotal major setae; (20) spermatheca (spe). (21) male pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (mpp)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445188/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D76CE24B541C1833" box="[830,862,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–60" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 51–60. Holopothrips carolinae, H. chaconi and H. claritibialis. 51–52. Holopothrips carolinae, female holotype: (51) body; (52) head and pronotum; 53–54. Holopothrips chaconi, paratypes: (53) male paratype, head and pronotum; (54) female paratype, body; 55–60. Holopothrips claritibialis: (55) body; (56) head and pronotum; (57) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (58) prosternum, showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (59) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (60) abdominal tergites III–IV, showing the third and a fourth wing-retaining seta (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445200/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">60</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D0CBE24A520C1832" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1177,1358,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inconspicuus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D0CBE24A520C1832" box="[1177,1358,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. inconspicuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D107E24B52D71833" box="[1365,1429,1052,1077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D107E24B52D71833" bold="true" box="[1365,1429,1052,1077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D4C5E216567D185E" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,319,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Anoplothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaboticabae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D4C5E216567D185E" box="[151,319,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. jaboticabae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D51DE26856F0185E" box="[335,434,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–130" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 120–130. Holopothrips inquilinus, H. inversus and H. jaboticabae. 120–121. Holopothrips inquilinus paratype: (120) body; (121) head and pronotum; 122–124. Holopothrips jaboticabae: (122) head and pronotum; (123) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (124) tergite II, wing-retaining setae (white arrows); 125–130. Holopothrips inversus paratype: (125) head and pronotum; (126) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (127) mesonotum; (128) metanotum and pelta; (129) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (130) pore plates extending towards abdominal tergite VIII (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D59AE2165523185E" box="[456,609,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tillandsiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D59AE2165523185E" box="[456,609,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. tillandsiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D6C9E2165464185E" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[667,806,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varicolor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D6C9E2165464185E" box="[667,806,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. varicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D77CE268542D185E" box="[814,879,1087,1112]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D77CE268542D185E" bold="true" box="[814,879,1087,1112]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
frequently lack this third WR in several tergites, and in the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D534E23256AE187B" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[358,492,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavisetis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D534E23256AE187B" box="[358,492,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. flavisetis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D5A1E2335571187B" box="[499,563,1124,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D5A1E2335571187B" bold="true" box="[499,563,1124,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D638E23255B2187A" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[618,752,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infestans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D638E23255B2187A" box="[618,752,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. infestans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D6AAE233547A187B" box="[760,824,1124,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D6AAE233547A187B" bold="true" box="[760,824,1124,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the third WR is mostly absent from all tergites. While usually smaller than the other two WR pairs, the third pair may be well-developed and sigmoid, or small and weakly curved, sometimes easily confused with lateral setae. Some other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D798E2FB533818C3" box="[970,1146,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phlaeothripidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D158E2FB579A18EE" authority="Hood" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1918" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Euoplothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D158E2FB52DE18C3" box="[1290,1436,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Euoplothrips</emphasis>
|
||
Hood
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D4B6E29856BA18EE" authority="Zimmerman" authorityName="Zimmerman" box="[228,504,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Mesothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D4B6E298562018EE" box="[228,354,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Mesothrips</emphasis>
|
||
Zimmerman
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D656E298559018EE" authority="Hood" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1925" box="[516,722,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Pristothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D656E29855C818EE" box="[516,650,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pristothrips</emphasis>
|
||
Hood
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) may have three or more pairs of wing-retaining setae, usually multiple pairs on abdominal tergites II–IV, but these seem to be related to the large bodies of these species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD0FFD1D495E34054931A2B" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The shape of the pelta is highly variable: in some species it is sharply triangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D000E34053F11936" box="[1106,1203,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 176–182" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,193,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[182,1405,193,1951]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 176–182. Holopothrips maiae sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (176) body; (177) head and pronotum; (178) mesonotum; (179) pelta; (180) spermatheca; (181) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (182) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445232/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 179</figureCitation>
|
||
), in others triangular but with irregular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D527E36B568D1952" box="[373,463,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1738,1761]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1717]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Holopothrips curiosus sp. nov. holotype and male paratype. (69) body; (70) head and pronotum; (71) pelta; (72) spermatheca; (73) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (74) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445204/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 71</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D58DE36B55481952" box="[479,522,1340,1364]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Holopothrips nigrisetis sp. nov. paratypes. (191) body; (192) head and pronotum; (193) mesonotum; (194) pelta; (195) spermatheca; (196) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (197) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445236/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">194</figureCitation>
|
||
) or curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D6CCE36B54441953" box="[670,774,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 159–167" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 159–167. Holopothrips longisetus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (159) body; (160) head and pronotum, with long pronotal setae, including am; (161) fore tarsus, showing robust hamus (black arrow); (162) detail of pronotum, showing shorter am setae (white arrows); (163) mesonotum; (164) pelta; (165) spermatheca; (166) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing absence of pore plate; (167) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445228/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 164</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D744E36B54011952" box="[790,835,1340,1364]" captionStart="FIGURES 198–203" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 198–203. Holopothrips nigrum sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (198) body; (199) head and pronotum; (200) mesonotum and metanotum; (201) pelta; (202) spermatheca; (203) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445238/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">200</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D703E36B543E1953" box="[849,892,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 254–261" captionStartId="86.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[151,1436,193,1715]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 254–261. Holopothrips stannardi and H. striatus. 254–256. Holopothrips stannardi paratypes: (254) body; (255) head and pronotum; (256) spermatheca; 257–261. Holopothrips striatus holotype and paratypes: (257) body; (258) head; (259) pronotal setae; (260) mesonotum and metanotum; (261) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445254/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">261</figureCitation>
|
||
) margins, and in a few species with a median constriction (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D57BE30856CF197E" box="[297,397,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURES 112–119" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1950,1973]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[201,1385,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 112–119. Holopothrips infestans sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (112) body; (113) head and pronotum; (114) prosternum; (115) mesonotum; (116) metanotum; (117) pelta and abdominal tergite II; (118) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; (119) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 117</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D5CAE3375684197E" box="[408,454,1376,1400]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–130" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 120–130. Holopothrips inquilinus, H. inversus and H. jaboticabae. 120–121. Holopothrips inquilinus paratype: (120) body; (121) head and pronotum; 122–124. Holopothrips jaboticabae: (122) head and pronotum; (123) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (124) tergite II, wing-retaining setae (white arrows); 125–130. Holopothrips inversus paratype: (125) head and pronotum; (126) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (127) mesonotum; (128) metanotum and pelta; (129) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (130) pore plates extending towards abdominal tergite VIII (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">123</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D58BE308558C197E" authorityName="Costa Lima" authorityYear="1935" box="[473,718,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ananasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D58BE308558C197E" box="[473,718,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holopothrips ananasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D751E33654CD197E" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[771,911,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaminskii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D751E33654CD197E" box="[771,911,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. kaminskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D7C5E3085494197E" box="[919,982,1375,1400]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D7C5E3085494197E" bold="true" box="[919,982,1375,1400]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are unique in having the pelta with large lateral wings basally, that in the latter species is associated with a constriction, giving this species a bell-shaped pelta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D48CE3F0567519C6" box="[222,311,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. Holopothrips ananasi paratypes. (22) head, pronotum, mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (23) pelta; (24) spermatheca; (25) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445190/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 23</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D517E3FF563119C6" box="[325,371,1448,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 145–150" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1969,1992]" captionTargetBox="[187,1403,193,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@55.[187,1403,193,1950]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 145–150. Holopothrips kaminskii sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (145) body (wings not showing due to edition of photo); (146) mesonotum; (147) metanotum; (148) head and pronotum; (149) pelta; (150) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445224/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">149</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sculpture is always present, usually formed by reticles covering the whole pelta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D163E3F052D519C6" box="[1329,1431,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 112–119" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1950,1973]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[201,1385,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 112–119. Holopothrips infestans sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (112) body; (113) head and pronotum; (114) prosternum; (115) mesonotum; (116) metanotum; (117) pelta and abdominal tergite II; (118) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; (119) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445216/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 117</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D4C5E39B578719E2" box="[151,197,1484,1508]" captionStart="FIGURES 276–283" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 276–283. Holopothrips varicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (276) body; (277) head and pronotum; (278) prosternum, showing weakly defined basantra (white arrows); (279) mesonotum; (280) pelta; (281) metanotum; (282) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (283) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445260/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">280</figureCitation>
|
||
), but sometimes sculpture is weaker or absent near the posterior area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D79DE39B537619E2" box="[975,1076,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 234–240" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 234–240. Holopothrips reticulatus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (234) body; (235) head and pronotum; (236) detail of head, showing minute tubercles on sculpture (white arrows); (237) mesonotum and metanotum; (238) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; (239) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (240) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445248/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 240</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D06CE39B532E19E2" box="[1086,1132,1484,1508]" captionStart="FIGURES 241–247" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 241–247. Holopothrips singularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (241) body; (242) head and pronotum; (243) prosternum, showing vestigial labial palps (white arrows); (244) pelta; (245) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (246) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (247) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445250/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">244</figureCitation>
|
||
), lateral margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D161E39B52D519E2" box="[1331,1431,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–130" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 120–130. Holopothrips inquilinus, H. inversus and H. jaboticabae. 120–121. Holopothrips inquilinus paratype: (120) body; (121) head and pronotum; 122–124. Holopothrips jaboticabae: (122) head and pronotum; (123) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (124) tergite II, wing-retaining setae (white arrows); 125–130. Holopothrips inversus paratype: (125) head and pronotum; (126) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (127) mesonotum; (128) metanotum and pelta; (129) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (130) pore plates extending towards abdominal tergite VIII (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 128</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D4C5E3A757801A0E" box="[151,194,1520,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 168–175" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[151,1436,373,1719]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 168–175. Holopothrips magnus sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (168) body; (169) head and pronotum; (170) mesonotum; (171) metanotum; (172) pelta; (173) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (174) spermatheca; (175) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445230/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">172</figureCitation>
|
||
) or medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D533E3B856811A0E" box="[353,451,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 159–167" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 159–167. Holopothrips longisetus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (159) body; (160) head and pronotum, with long pronotal setae, including am; (161) fore tarsus, showing robust hamus (black arrow); (162) detail of pronotum, showing shorter am setae (white arrows); (163) mesonotum; (164) pelta; (165) spermatheca; (166) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing absence of pore plate; (167) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445228/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 164</figureCitation>
|
||
). The reticulation may be almost equiangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D79CE3B853641A0E" box="[974,1062,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–38" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,265,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 32–38. Holopothrips bicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (32) body; (33) head and pronotum; (34) mesonotum; (35) pore plates on sternites VI–VIII; (36) pelta; (37) spermatheca; (38) metanotum, showing the anterior discal setae (black arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445194/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 36</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D063E3B8531E1A0E" box="[1073,1116,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 248–253" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1800,1823]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[151,1436,339,1779]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 248–253. Holopothrips spermathecus sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (248) body; (249) head and pronotum; (250) mesonotum; (251) metanotum; (252) pelta; (253) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445252/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">252</figureCitation>
|
||
) or elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D0AAE3B8521C1A0E" box="[1272,1374,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 198–203" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 198–203. Holopothrips nigrum sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (198) body; (199) head and pronotum; (200) mesonotum and metanotum; (201) pelta; (202) spermatheca; (203) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445238/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 200</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D13BE3A752D61A0E" box="[1385,1428,1520,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 204–211" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,195,1821]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 204–211. Holopothrips omercooperi, H. orites, H. paulus and H. pennatus. 204–208. Holopothrips orites paratypes: (204) body; (205) head; (206) spermatheca; (207) pronotum and mesonotum; (208) metanotum and pelta; (209) Holopothrips omercooperi paratype, body; (210) Holopothrips paulus paratype, body; (211) Holopothrips pennatus paratype, body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445240/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">208</figureCitation>
|
||
) medially, and internal markings may be present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D6EBE043545F1A2B" box="[697,797,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 254–261" captionStartId="86.[151,264,1736,1759]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[151,1436,193,1715]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 254–261. Holopothrips stannardi and H. striatus. 254–256. Holopothrips stannardi paratypes: (254) body; (255) head and pronotum; (256) spermatheca; 257–261. Holopothrips striatus holotype and paratypes: (257) body; (258) head; (259) pronotal setae; (260) mesonotum and metanotum; (261) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445254/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 261</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D77BE04354161A2B" box="[809,852,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 270–275" captionStartId="89.[151,264,1633,1656]" captionTargetBox="[168,1400,209,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@89.[168,1400,209,1608]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 270–275. Holopothrips tillandsiae and H. tupi. 270–271. Holopothrips tillandsiae paratype: (270) body; (271) head and pronotum; 272–275. Holopothrips tupi paratype: (272) body; (273) head and pronotum; (274) spermatheca; (275) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445258/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">275</figureCitation>
|
||
) or absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD0FFD1D495E06E56A61A9E" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D495E06E56041A56" box="[199,326,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pore plates</emphasis>
|
||
: In males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D589E06055321A56" box="[475,624,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D589E06055321A56" box="[475,624,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
these are frequently present on more than one sternite, usually VII–VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D4CDE00B57B71A73" box="[159,245,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–60" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[188,1398,187,1875]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 51–60. Holopothrips carolinae, H. chaconi and H. claritibialis. 51–52. Holopothrips carolinae, female holotype: (51) body; (52) head and pronotum; 53–54. Holopothrips chaconi, paratypes: (53) male paratype, head and pronotum; (54) female paratype, body; 55–60. Holopothrips claritibialis: (55) body; (56) head and pronotum; (57) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (58) prosternum, showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (59) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (60) abdominal tergites III–IV, showing the third and a fourth wing-retaining seta (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445200/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 59</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D552E00B566F1A72" box="[256,301,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–130" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 120–130. Holopothrips inquilinus, H. inversus and H. jaboticabae. 120–121. Holopothrips inquilinus paratype: (120) body; (121) head and pronotum; 122–124. Holopothrips jaboticabae: (122) head and pronotum; (123) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (124) tergite II, wing-retaining setae (white arrows); 125–130. Holopothrips inversus paratype: (125) head and pronotum; (126) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (127) mesonotum; (128) metanotum and pelta; (129) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (130) pore plates extending towards abdominal tergite VIII (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">129</figureCitation>
|
||
), sometimes VI–VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D678E00B55C21A73" box="[554,640,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–38" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,265,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 32–38. Holopothrips bicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (32) body; (33) head and pronotum; (34) mesonotum; (35) pore plates on sternites VI–VIII; (36) pelta; (37) spermatheca; (38) metanotum, showing the anterior discal setae (black arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445194/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D6DEE00B55F51A72" box="[652,695,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–106" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1593,1616]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 99–106. Holopothrips hambletoni and H. hilaris. 99–101. Holopothrips hambletoni paratype: (99) head and pronotum; (100) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (101) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII; 102–106. Holopothrips hilaris paratype: (102) head and pronotum; (103) mesonotum and metanotum; (104) prosternum showing basantra (white arrows); (105) pelta; (106) spermatheca (white arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445212/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">101</figureCitation>
|
||
) or V–VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D717E00B54E51A73" box="[837,935,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 241–247" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[151,1436,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 241–247. Holopothrips singularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (241) body; (242) head and pronotum; (243) prosternum, showing vestigial labial palps (white arrows); (244) pelta; (245) spermatheca, dislocated (white arrow); (246) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (247) mesonotum and metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445250/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 246</figureCitation>
|
||
), with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D7A0E00A53FF1A73" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1010,1213,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicapitatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D7A0E00A53FF1A73" box="[1010,1213,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. brevicapitatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD0FFD1D091E00B52401A73" box="[1219,1282,1628,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D091E00B52401A73" bold="true" box="[1219,1282,1628,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
having plates in sternites IV–VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D5D1E02856951A9E" box="[387,471,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–44" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,327,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,327,1867]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 39–44. Holopothrips brevicapitatum sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (39) body; (40) head and pronotum; (41) metanotal sculpture; (42) pore plates on abdominal sternites IV–VIII (black arrows); (43) spermatheca; (44) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445196/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD0FFD1D495E0F356E41BDB" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
On sternite VIII the usual pattern is the presence of three pore plates, two anteroangular plates and a transverse band posterior to the discal setae, usually reaching the lateral margin of the sternite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D0D5E09053B21AE6" box="[1159,1264,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–130" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 120–130. Holopothrips inquilinus, H. inversus and H. jaboticabae. 120–121. Holopothrips inquilinus paratype: (120) body; (121) head and pronotum; 122–124. Holopothrips jaboticabae: (122) head and pronotum; (123) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (124) tergite II, wing-retaining setae (white arrows); 125–130. Holopothrips inversus paratype: (125) head and pronotum; (126) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (127) mesonotum; (128) metanotum and pelta; (129) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (130) pore plates extending towards abdominal tergite VIII (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 129</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D153E09F526C1AE6" box="[1281,1326,1736,1760]" captionStart="FIGURES 176–182" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,193,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[182,1405,193,1951]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 176–182. Holopothrips maiae sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (176) body; (177) head and pronotum; (178) mesonotum; (179) pelta; (180) spermatheca; (181) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (182) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445232/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">181</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median interruptions in the posterior plate are not uncommon, and in some species such an interruption may be large enough to separate this plate into two lateral bands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D68DE15854711B2E" box="[735,819,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–87" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[231,1356,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 75–87. Holopothrips ferrisi, H. fulvus and H. graminis. 75–77. Holopothrips ferrisi: (75) head and pronotum; (76) mesonotum and part of metanotum; (77) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; 78–82. Holopothrips fulvus, H. anacardii synonymy paratype and topotypes: (78) body; (79) head and pronotum; (80) metanotum and pelta; (81) spermatheca; (82) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII; 83–87. Holopothrips graminis paratype: (83) head and pronotum; (84) mesonotum and metanotum; (85) prosternum showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (86) pelta; (87) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445206/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some species, the two anteroangular plates may be absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D4BCE16356071B4A" box="[238,325,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–50" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[159,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 45–50. Holopothrips cardosoi sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (45) body; (46) head and pronotum; (47) metanotal sculpture; (48) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (49) spermatheca; (50) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445198/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 48</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D503E163563D1B4A" box="[337,383,1844,1868]" captionStart="FIGURES 198–203" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[151,1436,301,1936]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 198–203. Holopothrips nigrum sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (198) body; (199) head and pronotum; (200) mesonotum and metanotum; (201) pelta; (202) spermatheca; (203) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445238/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">203</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the remaining posterior plate may be reduced to a small median band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D088E16352731B4A" box="[1242,1329,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1792,1815]" captionTargetBox="[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1337,187,1781]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 16–21. Holopothrips acrioris sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (16) body. abd—abdomen, ant—antenna; hd—head; ms—mesothorax; fw—fore wing; mt—metathorax; pel—pelta (first abdominal tergite); pro—prothorax; spe—female spermatheca; tu—tube (tenth abdominal segment); II–X—second to tenth abdominal segments. (17) head and pronotum. aapronotal anteroangular seta; am—pronotal anteromarginal seta; ep—pronotal epimeral setae; mes—mesonotum; metmetanotum (part); ml—pronotal midlateral seta; mx—maxillary stylet; oc—ocellus; pa—pronotal posteroangular seta; popostocular setae. (18) pelta and abdominal tergite II. WR—wing-retaining setae. (19) metanotal sculpture. mds—metanotal discal setae; mms—metanotal major setae; (20) spermatheca (spe). (21) male pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (mpp)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445188/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 21</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D16FE163521F1B4B" box="[1341,1373,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–68" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 61–68. Holopothrips conducans and H. erianthi. 61–65 Holopothrips conducans: (61) head and pronotum; (62) metanotal sculpture; (63) shaded fore wing; (64) pelta; (65) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; 66–68 Holopothrips erianthi: (66) head and pronotum; (67) metanotum and pelta; (68) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445202/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">65</figureCitation>
|
||
). In a few species the posterior plate of sternite VIII might extend laterally onto the tergite, from barely reaching the spiracle to almost encircling the segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D621E12B55941B92" box="[627,726,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–130" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[230,1354,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 120–130. Holopothrips inquilinus, H. inversus and H. jaboticabae. 120–121. Holopothrips inquilinus paratype: (120) body; (121) head and pronotum; 122–124. Holopothrips jaboticabae: (122) head and pronotum; (123) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (124) tergite II, wing-retaining setae (white arrows); 125–130. Holopothrips inversus paratype: (125) head and pronotum; (126) prosternum, showing basantra (white arrows); (127) mesonotum; (128) metanotum and pelta; (129) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (130) pore plates extending towards abdominal tergite VIII (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445218/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
|
||
). Several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D717E12B54981B93" box="[837,986,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD0FFD1D717E12B54981B93" box="[837,986,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species also have the pore plates with a clear reticulate pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D5E6E1F755511BBF" box="[436,531,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 61–68" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 61–68. Holopothrips conducans and H. erianthi. 61–65 Holopothrips conducans: (61) head and pronotum; (62) metanotal sculpture; (63) shaded fore wing; (64) pelta; (65) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII; 66–68 Holopothrips erianthi: (66) head and pronotum; (67) metanotum and pelta; (68) pore plates on abdominal sternites VI–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445202/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 68</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD0FFD1D677E1F755101BBE" box="[549,594,1952,1976]" captionStart="FIGURES 176–182" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,193,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[182,1405,193,1951]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 176–182. Holopothrips maiae sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (176) body; (177) head and pronotum; (178) mesonotum; (179) pelta; (180) spermatheca; (181) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (182) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445232/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">181</figureCitation>
|
||
), contrasting to the usual punctate appearance of pore plates in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD0FFD1D4C5E19356051BDB" authorityName="Uzel" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,327,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phlaeothripinae">Phlaeothripinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD1FFD0D495E6C055AF1D46" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Intraspecific variation of pore plates has been observed in some species, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D00DE6CE56121CD2" authority="(Cavalleri & Kaminski 2007)" authorityName="Cavalleri & Kaminski" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Cavalleri & Kaminski" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claritibialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D00DE6CE52441CB6" box="[1119,1286,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. claritibialis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD1FFD0D147E6C0560A1CD2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref58456" refString="Cavalleri, A. & Kaminski, L. A. (2007) A new Holopothrips species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) damaging Mollinedia (Monimiaceae) leaves in Southern Brazil. Zootaxa, 1625, 61 - 68." type="journal article">Cavalleri & Kaminski 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These authors reported the presence of median interruptions in the posterior plate and differences in the area occupied by the pore plates among specimens, as well as the presence of connections between the anteroangular plates and the posterior plate in few individuals; these connections were also observed in other species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D515E77E56ED1D46" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[327,431,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D515E77E56ED1D46" box="[327,431,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. maiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D5B6E77E552C1D46" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[484,622,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrisetis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D5B6E77E552C1D46" box="[484,622,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. nigrisetis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D62CE77055A31D46" box="[638,737,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–197" captionStartId="67.[151,264,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[192,1398,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 191–197. Holopothrips nigrisetis sp. nov. paratypes. (191) body; (192) head and pronotum; (193) mesonotum; (194) pelta; (195) spermatheca; (196) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (197) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445236/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 196</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD1FFD0D495E71A565B1DD6" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Few
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D4ACE71B56D11D63" box="[254,403,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D4ACE71B56D11D63" box="[254,403,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are known to have males lacking pore plates. In this work, we observed the absence of pore plates in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D50EE72656A71D8E" box="[348,485,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="graminis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D50EE72656A71D8E" box="[348,485,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. graminis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D5A7E72655EE1D8E" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[501,684,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inconspicuus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D5A7E72655EE1D8E" box="[501,684,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. inconspicuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD1FFD0D6E7E73855B51D8E" box="[693,759,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D6E7E73855B51D8E" bold="true" box="[693,759,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D755E72654D51D8E" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[775,919,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaminskii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D755E72654D51D8E" box="[775,919,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. kaminskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD1FFD0D7F3E73854A11D8E" box="[929,995,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D7F3E73854A11D8E" bold="true" box="[929,995,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D7A1E72653CA1D8E" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[1011,1160,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D7A1E72653CA1D8E" box="[1011,1160,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. longisetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD1FFD0D0C0E73853961D8E" box="[1170,1236,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D0C0E73853961D8E" bold="true" box="[1170,1236,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D0B6E72652041D8E" box="[1252,1350,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D0B6E72652041D8E" box="[1252,1350,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. molzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D1D3E726564F1DAB" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tillandsiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D1D3E726564F1DAB" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. tillandsiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD1FFD0D54EE7C3557C1DAB" box="[284,574,404,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref59437" refString="Mound, L. A. & Marullo, R. (1996) The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6, 1 - 488." type="journal article">Mound & Marullo (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also mention in their key that males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D052E7C2531A1DAA" box="[1024,1112,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seini">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D052E7C2531A1DAA" box="[1024,1112,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. seini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D0C2E7C252521DAA" box="[1168,1296,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="urinator">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D0C2E7C252521DAA" box="[1168,1296,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. urinator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not have pore plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD1FFD0D495E78B56021F3E" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D495E78B561B1DF3" box="[199,345,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Spermatheca</emphasis>
|
||
: This is visible in all observed species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D71EE78B54A31DF3" box="[844,993,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D71EE78B54A31DF3" box="[844,993,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Holopothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
even after maceration, possibly being more sclerotized than in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D5A3E7A855CB1E1E" baseAuthorityName="ThripsWiki" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[497,649,511,536]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Thysanoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. It seems to be a useful diagnostic character for the group, as the spermatheca is rarely seen in other phlaeothripids. Some species have the spermatheca swollen medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D138E47357F41E66" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1907,1930]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,193,1886]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. Holopothrips ananasi paratypes. (22) head, pronotum, mesonotum and anterior half of metanotum; (23) pelta; (24) spermatheca; (25) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445190/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 24</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D493E41F57A21E66" box="[193,224,584,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 88–94" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 88–94. Holopothrips flavisetis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (88) head and pronotum; (89) mesonotum; (90) metanotum; (91) body; (92) pelta; (93) pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII (white arrow); (94) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445208/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">94</figureCitation>
|
||
), while in others it is curled and not enlarged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D6BCE41054071E66" box="[750,837,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–31" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1565,1588]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1544]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 26–31. Holopothrips atlanticus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (26) body; (27) head and pronotum; (28) pelta; (29) metanotum; (30) spermatheca; (31) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445192/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D700E41F54321E66" box="[850,880,584,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–50" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1970,1993]" captionTargetBox="[168,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[159,1409,455,1948]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 45–50. Holopothrips cardosoi sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (45) body; (46) head and pronotum; (47) metanotal sculpture; (48) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (49) spermatheca; (50) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445198/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">49</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D72EE41054E81E66" box="[892,938,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 262–269" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@87.[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 262–269. Holopothrips tabebuia and H. tenuis. 262–265. Holopothrips tabebuia: (262) head and pronotum; (263) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (264) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (265) spermatheca; 266–269. Holopothrips tenuis paratype: (266) body; (267) head and pronotum; (268) spermatheca; (269) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445256/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">265</figureCitation>
|
||
). When enlarged, these structures vary from only slightly enlarged medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D654E43B551F1E82" box="[518,605,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–87" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,193,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[231,1356,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 75–87. Holopothrips ferrisi, H. fulvus and H. graminis. 75–77. Holopothrips ferrisi: (75) head and pronotum; (76) mesonotum and part of metanotum; (77) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; 78–82. Holopothrips fulvus, H. anacardii synonymy paratype and topotypes: (78) body; (79) head and pronotum; (80) metanotum and pelta; (81) spermatheca; (82) pore plates on abdominal sternite VIII; 83–87. Holopothrips graminis paratype: (83) head and pronotum; (84) mesonotum and metanotum; (85) prosternum showing chitinous islets (white arrows); (86) pelta; (87) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445206/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 81</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D638E43B55D71E83" box="[618,661,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 204–211" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,195,1821]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 204–211. Holopothrips omercooperi, H. orites, H. paulus and H. pennatus. 204–208. Holopothrips orites paratypes: (204) body; (205) head; (206) spermatheca; (207) pronotum and mesonotum; (208) metanotum and pelta; (209) Holopothrips omercooperi paratype, body; (210) Holopothrips paulus paratype, body; (211) Holopothrips pennatus paratype, body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445240/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">206</figureCitation>
|
||
) to greatly swollen or almost round medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D0F7E43B52481E83" box="[1189,1290,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–137" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1894,1917]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,193,1874]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 131–137. Holopothrips irregularis sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (131) body; (132) head and pronotum; (133) mesonotum; (134) metanotum; (135) pelta; (136) spermatheca; (137) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing faint spots, which may be pore plates (white arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445220/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 136</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D145E43B52071E82" box="[1303,1349,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 276–283" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 276–283. Holopothrips varicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (276) body; (277) head and pronotum; (278) prosternum, showing weakly defined basantra (white arrows); (279) mesonotum; (280) pelta; (281) metanotum; (282) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (283) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">283</figureCitation>
|
||
). When not enlarged medially, the spermatheca may vary among species from very thin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D072E4D8533A1EAE" box="[1056,1144,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 95–98" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1939,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1918]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 95–98. Holopothrips graziae sp. nov. holotype and paratype. (95) body; (96) head and pronotum; (97) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (98) abdominal segments VIII–X, showing spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445210/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 98</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D0D1E4D853EC1EAE" box="[1155,1198,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 262–269" captionStartId="87.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@87.[151,1436,375,1834]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 262–269. Holopothrips tabebuia and H. tenuis. 262–265. Holopothrips tabebuia: (262) head and pronotum; (263) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta; (264) pore plates on abdominal sternites VII–VIII; (265) spermatheca; 266–269. Holopothrips tenuis paratype: (266) body; (267) head and pronotum; (268) spermatheca; (269) mesonotum, metanotum and pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445256/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">268</figureCitation>
|
||
) to greatly thickened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D4CDE4E356401ECB" box="[159,258,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 159–167" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 159–167. Holopothrips longisetus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (159) body; (160) head and pronotum, with long pronotal setae, including am; (161) fore tarsus, showing robust hamus (black arrow); (162) detail of pronotum, showing shorter am setae (white arrows); (163) mesonotum; (164) pelta; (165) spermatheca; (166) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing absence of pore plate; (167) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445228/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 165</figureCitation>
|
||
). While usually small and restricted to abdominal segment IX, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D7BDE4E253CB1ECB" box="[1007,1161,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tillandsiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D7BDE4E253CB1ECB" box="[1007,1161,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. tillandsiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the spermatheca is very elongate, with some curls reaching abdominal segment VI (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD1FFD0D739E48F531F1EF6" box="[875,1117,727,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref59706" refString="Zamora, S., Hanson, P. & Mound, L. A. (2015) On the biology of Holopothrips chaconi sp. n. (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae) from leaf-vein galls on Piper species in Costa Rica. Revista Biologia Tropical, 63 (4), 1035 - 1042. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 63 i 4.16787" type="journal article">
|
||
Zamora
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D781E48E53501EF6" box="[979,1042,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We did not observe any intraspecific variation in shape and size of this structure, even when comparing females with and without eggs in their abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD1FFD0D495E51254961FA3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D495E51256701F5B" box="[199,306,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fore legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Unarmed in all species, but the fore tarsal hamus is robust or greatly enlarged in three species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D1D3E512567D1F86" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicapitatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D1D3E512567D1F86" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. brevicapitatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD1FFD0D51BE53056CE1F86" box="[329,396,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D51BE53056CE1F86" bold="true" box="[329,396,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D5CEE53E55061F86" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[412,580,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longihamus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D5CEE53E55061F86" box="[412,580,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. longihamus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD1FFD0D61CE53055D21F86" box="[590,656,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D61CE53055D21F86" bold="true" box="[590,656,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D69EE53E54211F86" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[716,867,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D69EE53E54211F86" box="[716,867,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. longisetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD1FFD0D73FE53054ED1F86" box="[877,943,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D73FE53054ED1F86" bold="true" box="[877,943,871,896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D792E530536A1F86" box="[960,1064,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–158" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[201,1391,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[201,1391,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 151–158. Holopothrips longihamus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (151) body; (152) head and pronotum; (153) antenna and fore tarsus, showing the enlarged hamus (black arrow); (154) mesonotum; (155) pelta, showing the multiple campaniform sensilla (black arrows); (156) spermatheca; (157) male sternite VIII, showing weak spots, which may be the pore plates (white arrows); (158) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445226/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 153</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D065E53053261F86" box="[1079,1124,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 159–167" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[151,1436,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 159–167. Holopothrips longisetus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (159) body; (160) head and pronotum, with long pronotal setae, including am; (161) fore tarsus, showing robust hamus (black arrow); (162) detail of pronotum, showing shorter am setae (white arrows); (163) mesonotum; (164) pelta; (165) spermatheca; (166) male abdominal sternite VIII, showing absence of pore plate; (167) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445228/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">161</figureCitation>
|
||
). The fore femora in some species may be robust, but never greatly swollen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D694E5DB545F1FA2" box="[710,797,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–44" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,327,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,327,1867]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 39–44. Holopothrips brevicapitatum sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (39) body; (40) head and pronotum; (41) metanotal sculpture; (42) pore plates on abdominal sternites IV–VIII (black arrows); (43) spermatheca; (44) pelta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445196/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 40</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D77BE5DB54171FA3" box="[809,853,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 151–158" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[201,1391,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[201,1391,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 151–158. Holopothrips longihamus sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (151) body; (152) head and pronotum; (153) antenna and fore tarsus, showing the enlarged hamus (black arrow); (154) mesonotum; (155) pelta, showing the multiple campaniform sensilla (black arrows); (156) spermatheca; (157) male sternite VIII, showing weak spots, which may be the pore plates (white arrows); (158) metanotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445226/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">152</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="099D2A10FFD1FFD0D733E5DB548A1FA3" box="[865,968,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 276–283" captionStartId="91.[151,264,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[203,1387,193,1934]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 276–283. Holopothrips varicolor sp. nov. holotype and paratypes. (276) body; (277) head and pronotum; (278) prosternum, showing weakly defined basantra (white arrows); (279) mesonotum; (280) pelta; (281) metanotum; (282) pore plates on abdominal sternites V–VIII; (283) spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">276–277</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="91193695FFD1FFD0D495E5E65588185E" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D495E5E656041FCE" box="[199,326,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fore wings</emphasis>
|
||
: Always macropterous and with margins parallel. There is variation in the shape of the tip of the sub-basal setae, which seems to agree with the shape of tip of other major body setae. With the exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D1D3E58256431816" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D1D3E58256431816" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all species bear duplicated cilia on fore wings, but the number is highly variable among species (from 4 or 5 cilia in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D570E24A56D61832" box="[290,404,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D570E24A56D61832" box="[290,404,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. mariae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="565E9B70FFD1FFD0D5E9E24B555C1833" box="[443,542,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.461" metricValueMax="6.858" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="21.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="16.0">16–27 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A64D16FFD1FFD0D674E24A55D81832" authority="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri, 2018" authorityName="Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri" authorityYear="2018" box="[550,666,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holopothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D674E24A55D81832" box="[550,666,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8E157FCFFD1FFD0D6F0E24B55A11833" box="[674,739,1052,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D2EA87FFD1FFD0D6F0E24B55A11833" bold="true" box="[674,739,1052,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), within species, and between the right and left fore wings of the same individual (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5374B64FFD1FFD0D5D3E26855FC185E" box="[385,702,1087,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref58456" refString="Cavalleri, A. & Kaminski, L. A. (2007) A new Holopothrips species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) damaging Mollinedia (Monimiaceae) leaves in Southern Brazil. Zootaxa, 1625, 61 - 68." type="journal article">Cavalleri & Kaminski 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |