313 lines
35 KiB
XML
313 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="16FAA12A62D898F4CE7A3585B38F62F2" ID-CLB-Dataset="36702" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4227.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6274d9b8-0067-48bd-a403-b7522816c58d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="306006" ID-ZooBank="68B993FB-9D8C-4950-9BF8-0D40EDFB8C78" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1486670666411" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, Philip S." docDate="2017" docId="03CC1E39FF8CFFD8FF6ADFEA7850FF7E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4227.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4227 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudomyrmex micans Ward, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="538" masterDocId="FFF56641FF80FFD7FFFDDA4C7952FFAB" masterDocTitle="A review of the Pseudomyrmex ferrugineus and Pseudomyrmex goeldii species groups: acacia-ants and relatives (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="542" masterPageNumber="524" pageNumber="536" updateTime="1698436735834" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="EDB84297042A9D3561813D913EED94E1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B350F799E877553D39F205C8D01A0DFF">
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<mods:title id="7D409244AB797B33722D4C06510BF350">A review of the Pseudomyrmex ferrugineus and Pseudomyrmex goeldii species groups: acacia-ants and relatives (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="228E5640500142A76B7B526DA9F10DB1" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C9AEA008F91EBF4E3D759E38FFF909BB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7BA97D6D89984A803EFE143559A417B6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="39403B1042D0595DFEA5A9660FDD6115">Ward, Philip S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="32F1D9EBDA38D6B02882815D751F3E35">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="EDDDEFC9D7751DB90B5C42178B820912">
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<mods:title id="1DADF12404B09E6831F41E2A27BCE5B0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="29DF35CB17E6B08D90B3ECF17BD79A3D">
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<mods:date id="29FFE6AC14CAB8FEAFAC32A0676C0D35">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7F3CF692092C6738563CB03327ACCA16" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9051D604E918F94FFE3DB1CB4CF6EE3D">4227</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="88E90C789C9E095B8E424D2F429468EA" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="ABA99B2BEECC6AD66B382F3C4E48E03C">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="341B3F2BF0F7847BE95814A260737840">524</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="4E91EE8D483231832D119FE03FBC7FF8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AB01C9241188FC01D89E71C811FE8A51" type="CLB-Dataset">36702</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5911CC14846D33D549E4CC92301B075A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4227.4.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="88FB6022894273644889ED4D596B3A8C" type="GBIF-Dataset">6274d9b8-0067-48bd-a403-b7522816c58d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9C9114A061DDDC8B8972EE0817205DD2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0A62CE45FC5C712B824821ACA2B3AF34" type="Zenodo-Dep">306006</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4D4249451A1057E4755AFEB61032000A" type="ZooBank">68B993FB-9D8C-4950-9BF8-0D40EDFB8C78</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03CC1E39FF8CFFD8FF6ADFEA7850FF7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5779988" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127686447" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5779988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC1E39FF8CFFD8FF6ADFEA7850FF7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC1E39FF8CFFD8FF6ADFEA7850FF7E" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="538" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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<subSubSection id="C37FFCA4FF8CFFDBFF6ADFEA79B9FA49" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8CFFDBFF6ADFEA7B3BFA6B" blockId="12.[151,617,1446,1506]" box="[151,617,1446,1472]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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<heading id="D0921843FF8CFFDBFF6ADFEA7B3BFA6B" bold="true" box="[151,617,1446,1472]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFF6ADFEA7B3BFA6B" bold="true" box="[151,617,1446,1472]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8CFFDBFF6ADFEA78ACFA6B" authority="Ward" authorityName="Ward" box="[151,510,1446,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFF6ADFEA78FCFA6B" bold="true" box="[151,430,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Pseudomyrmex micans</emphasis>
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Ward
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222CE46FF8CFFDBFDF6DFEA7B3BFA6B" box="[523,617,1446,1472]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8CFFDBFF6ADF8579B9FA49" blockId="12.[151,617,1446,1506]" box="[151,235,1481,1506]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="135EB3AAFF8CFFDBFF62DF8579B1FA49" box="[159,227,1481,1506]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,349,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[152,1435,337,1827]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Pseudomyrmex goeldii group, workers, full-face dorsal view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 4, P. goeldii, Brazil (CASENT 0907543); 5, P. laevifrons, Bolivia (CASENT 0762973); 6, P. micans, Peru (CASENT 0794101). Images from AntWeb (www. antweb. org); photographers Will Ericson (4) and Matthew Prebus (5, 6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306010/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37FFCA4FF8CFFDBFF6ADC5D7A04F98C" box="[151,854,1553,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8CFFDBFF6ADC5D7A04F98C" blockId="12.[151,854,1553,1575]" box="[151,854,1553,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB758801FF8CFFDBFF6ADC5D7A04F98C" box="[151,854,1553,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8CFFDBFF6ADC5D782CF98C" ID-CoL="78FKM" box="[151,382,1553,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goeldii">
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<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFF6ADC5D782CF98C" box="[151,382,1553,1575]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Pseudomyrmex goeldii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC4893EFF8CFFDBFE71DC5D7BD7F98C" author="Chomicki" box="[396,645,1553,1575]" page="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" year="2015">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF4D2DEFF8CFFDBFE71DC5D7B3CF98C" author="Chomicki" box="[396,622,1553,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" refString="Chomicki, G., Ward, P. S. & Renner, S. S. (2015) Macroevolutionary assembly of ant / plant symbioses: Pseudomyrmex ants and their ant-housing plants in the Neotropics. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282 (1819), 20152200. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2015.2200" type="journal article" year="2015">
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Chomicki
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<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFE08DC5E7B7BF98C" box="[501,553,1553,1575]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">et al.</emphasis>
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(2015
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 4
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</treatmentCitation>
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) (misidentification).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37FFCA4FF8CFFDBFF6ADC187CCBF973" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8CFFDBFF6ADC187D2BF91F" blockId="12.[151,1436,1620,2005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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<materialsCitation id="3B0DA572FF8CFFDBFF6ADC187DFEF93B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1427603041" collectingDate="1986-08-25" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="P. S. Ward" country="Peru" elevation="350" location="Tarapoto" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="San Martin" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFF6ADC187812F9C6" bold="true" box="[151,320,1620,1645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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||
<typeStatus id="54DE118DFF8CFFDBFF6ADC187980F9C6" box="[151,210,1620,1645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Type</typeStatus>
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material
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||
</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFEADDC187B5CF9C6" box="[336,526,1620,1645]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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<typeStatus id="54DE118DFF8CFFDBFEADDC1878E5F9C6" box="[336,439,1620,1645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker
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</emphasis>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8CFFDBFDE3DC197B34F9C7" box="[542,614,1621,1644]" name="Peru" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">PERU</collectingCountry>
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||
<collectingRegion id="49A161CDFF8CFFDBFD92DC197BA3F9C7" box="[623,753,1621,1644]" country="Peru" name="San Martin" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFD92DC197BA3F9C7" box="[623,753,1621,1644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">San Martín</emphasis>
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||
</collectingRegion>
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||
:
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<location id="8EBAF9F4FF8CFFDBFCFFDC197A3AF9C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC1E39FF8CFFD8FF6ADFEA7850FF7E:8EBAF9F4FF8CFFDBFCFFDC197A3AF9C7" box="[770,872,1621,1644]" country="Peru" name="Tarapoto" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" stateProvince="San Martin">Tarapoto</location>
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,
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||
<elevation id="0048481CFF8CFFDBFC88DC187A93F9C7" box="[885,961,1620,1645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="350.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D02CAFF8CFFDBFC88DC187A93F9C7" box="[885,961,1620,1645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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, 6°29ʹS, 76°22ʹW,
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<collectingDate id="EF9F7007FF8CFFDBFB61DC187C64F9C6" box="[1180,1334,1620,1645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" value="1986-08-25">
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||
<date id="FFDB89EFFF8CFFDBFB61DC187C64F9C6" box="[1180,1334,1620,1645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" value="1986-08-25">25 Aug 1986</date>
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||
</collectingDate>
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, ex dead twig, edge of second-growth rainforest,
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<collectorName id="2690CAF9FF8CFFDBFDA0DC347B81F93B" box="[605,723,1655,1680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">P. S. Ward</collectorName>
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||
PSW08734 (
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<collectionCode id="ED7437EAFF8CFFDBFC96DC347AE5F93B" box="[875,951,1656,1680]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
) (CASENT0794101)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B0DA572FF8CFFDBFB4ADC357D2BF91F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1427603045" collectingDate="1986-08-25" collectionCode="CASC, JTLC, MCZC, PSWC, UCDC, USNM" collectorName="P. S. Ward" country="Peru" elevation="350" location="Tarapoto" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="San Martin" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54DE118DFF8CFFDBFB4ADC357C7BF93B" box="[1207,1321,1657,1680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" type="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFB4ADC357C7BF93B" box="[1207,1321,1657,1680]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Paratypes</emphasis>
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||
</typeStatus>
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||
. Series of workers,
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<specimenCount id="9D6364A6FF8CFFDBFF02DCD0781FF91E" box="[255,333,1692,1717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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, same data as holotype (
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<collectionCode id="ED7437EAFF8CFFDBFDA3DCD07BF9F91F" box="[606,683,1692,1716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">CASC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED7437EAFF8CFFDBFD4ADCD07BA8F91F" box="[695,762,1692,1716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">JTLC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED7437EAFF8CFFDBFCF9DCD07A04F91F" box="[772,854,1692,1716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">MCZC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED7437EAFF8CFFDBFC9CDCD07AE2F91F" box="[865,944,1692,1716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">PSWC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED7437EAFF8CFFDBFC41DCD07D5FF91F" box="[956,1037,1692,1716]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">UCDC</collectionCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED7437EAFF8CFFDBFBEADCD07D3FF91F" box="[1047,1133,1692,1716]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">USNM</collectionCode>
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||
).
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8CFFDBFF3ADCF37CCBF973" blockId="12.[151,1436,1620,2005]" box="[199,1433,1727,1752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0DA572FF8CFFDBFF3ADCF37CCBF973" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1427603042" box="[199,1433,1727,1752]" collectionCode="PSWC" collectorName="P. S. Ward" country="Bolivia" elevation="180" location="Aserradero Moira" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFF3ADCF378A6F973" bold="true" box="[199,500,1727,1752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7437EAFF8CFFDBFDFEDC8C7B04F973" box="[515,598,1728,1752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">PSWC</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8CFFDBFD95DC8C7B89F973" box="[616,731,1728,1752]" name="Bolivia" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A161CDFF8CFFDBFD1FDC8C7A0DF97C" box="[738,863,1728,1751]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFD1FDC8C7A0DF97C" box="[738,863,1728,1751]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Santa Cruz</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D02CAFF8CFFDBFC93DC8C7AE6F973" box="[878,948,1727,1752]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||
NE
|
||
<location id="8EBAF9F4FF8CFFDBFC1ADCF37DE0F973" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC1E39FF8CFFD8FF6ADFEA7850FF7E:8EBAF9F4FF8CFFDBFC1ADCF37DE0F973" box="[999,1202,1727,1752]" country="Bolivia" name="Aserradero Moira" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">Aserradero Moira</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="0048481CFF8CFFDBFB40DC8C7C56F97C" box="[1213,1284,1728,1752]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="180.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D02CAFF8CFFDBFB40DC8C7C56F97C" box="[1213,1284,1728,1752]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="2690CAF9FF8CFFDBFAEEDC8C7CDCF973" box="[1299,1422,1727,1752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">P. S. Ward</collectorName>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FFCA4FF8CFFDAFF3ADCA87A18FEB6" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="537" pageId="12" pageNumber="536" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8CFFDBFF3ADCA87C71F88B" blockId="12.[151,1436,1620,2005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFF3ADCA8788AF956" bold="true" box="[199,472,1764,1789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Worker measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 6). HL 0.67–0.74, HW 0.52–0.55, MFC 0.007–0.009, LHT 0.39–0.42, CI 0.74– 0.80, REL 0.59–0.61, REL2 0.75–0.80, FCI 0.013–0.016, FI 0.53–0.55, PLI 0.64–0.69, PWI 0.56–0.63.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8CFFDAFF3ADD607A18FEB6" blockId="12.[151,1436,1620,2005]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="537" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">
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||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8CFFDBFF3ADD6078C8F8EE" bold="true" box="[199,410,1836,1861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Worker diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Small species (HL 0.67–0.74, HW 0.52–0.55) with elongate head and eyes (CI 0.74–0.80, REL 0.59–0.61, REL2 0.75–0.80); masticatory margin of mandible with 5 teeth; palp formula 4,3; juncture between dorsal and declivitous faces of propodeum only weakly angulate, not producing lateral tubercles; anterodorsal face of petiole ascending gently (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EB3AAFF8CFFDBFD48DDD47BAFF81A" box="[693,765,1944,1969]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,349,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[152,1435,337,1827]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Pseudomyrmex goeldii group, workers, full-face dorsal view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 4, P. goeldii, Brazil (CASENT 0907543); 5, P. laevifrons, Bolivia (CASENT 0762973); 6, P. micans, Peru (CASENT 0794101). Images from AntWeb (www. antweb. org); photographers Will Ericson (4) and Matthew Prebus (5, 6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306010/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="536">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
b). Head smooth and shiny with scattered fine punctulae; pronotum similar, remainder of mesosoma becoming sublucid, with coriarious-imbricate sculpture on most surfaces, but with shining areas on the mesopleuron and metapleuron; petiole, postpetiole and gaster with moderately dense pubescence. Standing pilosity sparse (MSC 2); paired erect setae present on pronotal humeri, petiole and postpetiole. Dark brown, mandibles, frontoclypeal complex and tarsi lighter; pronotum, petiole and postpetiole sometimes a lighter medium- to yellowish-brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF1AFFA7FF8DFFDAFF6ADD7B7DC5F820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306010/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="537" targetBox="[157,1426,349,1817]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8DFFDAFF6ADD7B7DC5F820" blockId="13.[151,1437,1847,1931]" pageId="13" pageNumber="537">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8DFFDAFF6ADD7B7869F8E6" bold="true" box="[151,315,1847,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="537">FIGURES 4–6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8DFFDAFEBEDD747B79F8E5" box="[323,555,1848,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goeldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8DFFDAFEBEDD747B79F8E5" box="[323,555,1848,1870]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="537">Pseudomyrmex goeldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, workers, full-face dorsal view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 4,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8DFFDAFA74DD75798FF8C6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goeldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8DFFDAFA74DD75798FF8C6" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="537">P. goeldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Brazil (CASENT0907543); 5,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8DFFDAFDC9DD147BE4F8C6" box="[564,694,1879,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8DFFDAFDC9DD147BE4F8C6" box="[564,694,1879,1901]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="537">P. laevifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Bolivia (CASENT0762973); 6,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8DFFDAFBE4DD147D2DF8C6" box="[1049,1151,1880,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8DFFDAFBE4DD147D2DF8C6" box="[1049,1151,1880,1901]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="537">P. micans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Peru (CASENT0794101). Images from AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographers Will Ericson (4) and Matthew Prebus (5, 6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF1AFFA7FF8EFFD9FF6ADEFD7883FAAE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306011/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" targetBox="[161,1428,202,1172]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8EFFD9FF6ADEFD7883FAAE" blockId="14.[151,1437,1201,1285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FF6ADEFD7869FB6D" bold="true" box="[151,315,1201,1224]" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">FIGURES 7–8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FEBEDEFD7B79FB6C" box="[323,555,1201,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goeldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FEBEDEFD7B79FB6C" box="[323,555,1201,1223]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Pseudomyrmex goeldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, workers, full-face dorsal view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 7,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FA74DEFE79B6FB4D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FA74DEFE79B6FB4D" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. obtusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Venezuela (CASENT0794100); 8,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FDA8DE9D7B9AFB4D" box="[597,712,1232,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FDA8DE9D7B9AFB4D" box="[597,712,1232,1254]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. parvulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Brazil (CASENT0762994). Images from AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographer Matthew Prebus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FFCA4FF8EFFD9FF3ADF7D78C2F805" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8EFFD9FF3ADF7D78C2F805" blockId="14.[151,1437,1329,2002]" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FF3ADF7D781AFAE1" bold="true" box="[199,328,1329,1354]" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. Based on the weakly angulate propodeum this species was initially considered conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FA7ADF7F79B7FAC5" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goeldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FA7ADF7F79B7FAC5" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. goeldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and called this in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF4D2DEFF8EFFD9FE32DF197B9EFAC5" author="Chomicki" box="[463,716,1365,1390]" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" refString="Chomicki, G., Ward, P. S. & Renner, S. S. (2015) Macroevolutionary assembly of ant / plant symbioses: Pseudomyrmex ants and their ant-housing plants in the Neotropics. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282 (1819), 20152200. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2015.2200" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Chomicki
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FDB4DF1A7BD7FAC5" box="[585,645,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but a more careful examination of relevant material reveals substantial differences:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FE5ADF377B44FA39" box="[423,534,1403,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FE5ADF377B44FA39" box="[423,534,1403,1426]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. micans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller in size (HW 0.52–0.55 versus HW
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D02CAFF8EFFD9FBC7DF357D99FA39" box="[1082,1227,1401,1426]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6637" metricValueMax="1.6764" metricValueMin="1.651" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" unit="in" value="0.655" valueMax="0.66" valueMin="0.65">0.65–0.66 in</quantity>
|
||
the three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE118DFF8EFFD9FAB8DF367CCEFA39" box="[1349,1436,1402,1426]" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FEE7DFD17835FA1D" box="[282,359,1437,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goeldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FEE7DFD17835FA1D" box="[282,359,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">goeldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and has more elongate eyes (REL 0.59–0.61 versus 0.55–0.56), a shorter petiole (PLI 0.64– 0.69 versus 0.51–0.59), and a more shiny mesosoma.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FCEFDF8F7A2FFA71" box="[786,893,1475,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FCEFDF8F7A2FFA71" box="[786,893,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. micans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FAFBDF8F7CC0FA71" box="[1286,1426,1473,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FAFBDF8F7CC0FA71" box="[1286,1426,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. laevifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differing primarily by the less pronounced angular juncture of the dorsal and declivitous faces of the propodeum; by the weaker body sculpture, especially on the metapleuron, which is more strongly shining; by slightly lower REL2 values (see above); and by the shape of the petiole, which is lower, wider, and with a more gently sloping anterodorsal face (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="135EB3AAFF8EFFD9FE28DC1D7B49F9C1" box="[469,539,1617,1642]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1847,1870]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,349,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[152,1435,337,1827]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Pseudomyrmex goeldii group, workers, full-face dorsal view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 4, P. goeldii, Brazil (CASENT 0907543); 5, P. laevifrons, Bolivia (CASENT 0762973); 6, P. micans, Peru (CASENT 0794101). Images from AntWeb (www. antweb. org); photographers Will Ericson (4) and Matthew Prebus (5, 6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/306010/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
b and 6b). Collections from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8EFFD9FC9EDC1E7AC4F9C2" box="[867,918,1618,1641]" name="Peru" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8EFFD9FC2CDC1D7D71F9C1" box="[977,1059,1617,1642]" name="Bolivia" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
can be separated into one or the other of these two forms, based on the features listed above. This includes diagnostic differences in petiolar metrics: PLI
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D02CAFF8EFFD9FED6DCD678EBF919" box="[299,441,1689,1714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9304" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.8288" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" unit="in" value="0.76" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.72">0.72–0.80 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FE3DDCD77B19F919" box="[448,587,1689,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FE3DDCD77B19F919" box="[448,587,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. laevifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 5) versus
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D02CAFF8EFFD9FD04DCD57AD5F919" box="[761,903,1689,1714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6891" metricValueMax="1.7526" metricValueMin="1.6256" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" unit="in" value="0.665" valueMax="0.69" valueMin="0.64">0.64–0.69 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FC73DCD77AA8F919" box="[910,1018,1691,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FC73DCD77AA8F919" box="[910,1018,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. micans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; DPW/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8EFFD9FBADDCD67D21F919" box="[1104,1139,1690,1714]" name="Philippines" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D02CAFF8EFFD9FB86DCD57C5BF919" box="[1147,1289,1689,1714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0446999999999997" metricValueMax="2.159" metricValueMin="1.9304" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" unit="in" value="0.8049999999999999" valueMax="0.85" valueMin="0.76">0.76–0.85 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FAECDCD77CCEF919" box="[1297,1436,1689,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FAECDCD77CCEF919" box="[1297,1436,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. laevifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
versus
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D02CAFF8EFFD9FF18DCF27820F97D" box="[229,370,1725,1750]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" metricValueMax="2.3368" metricValueMin="2.2352" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" unit="in" value="0.9" valueMax="0.92" valueMin="0.88">0.88–0.92 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FE84DCF378B1F97D" box="[377,483,1727,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FE84DCF378B1F97D" box="[377,483,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. micans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In other parts of the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FCC5DCF37A91F97D" box="[824,963,1725,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FCC5DCF37A91F97D" box="[824,963,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. laevifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FBE1DCF37DD4F97D" box="[1052,1158,1727,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FBE1DCF37DD4F97D" box="[1052,1158,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. micans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is apparently absent, the petiolar diagnostics break down, and some workers show a weakening of the pronounced angle at the juncture of the dorsal and declivitous faces of the propodeum. One interpretation of this pattern is that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FB41DD4B7C17F8B5" box="[1212,1349,1797,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FB41DD4B7C17F8B5" box="[1212,1349,1797,1822]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. laevifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranges from Central America to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8EFFD9FE48DD657B5AF8E9" box="[437,520,1833,1858]" name="Bolivia" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8EFFD9FD6EDD657B88F8E9" box="[659,730,1833,1858]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, undergoing character displacement where it overlaps with the more southern species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FE5EDD037B5DF8CD" box="[419,527,1871,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FE5EDD037B5DF8CD" box="[419,527,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. micans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. An alternative hypothesis is that the species are distinct in some areas but that differences are obscured by gene flow elsewhere. The entire complex of populations would benefit from a focused phylogenetic analysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37FFCA4FF8EFFD8FF3ADDF57850FF7E" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="539" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDAAF2FFF8EFFD8FF3ADDF57850FF7E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1329,2002]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="539" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FF3ADDF578B9F879" bold="true" box="[199,491,1977,2002]" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Distribution and biology</emphasis>
|
||
. As currently conceived
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8EFFD9FCFADDF77A3DF879" box="[775,879,1979,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8EFFD9FCFADDF77A3DF879" box="[775,879,1979,2002]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">P. micans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from rainforest sites in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8EFFD9FAD7DDF67C0CF87A" box="[1322,1374,1978,2001]" name="Peru" pageId="14" pageNumber="538">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(nest ex dead twig, edge of second-growth rainforest) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F372EFBFFF8FFFD8FD16DADB7A6CFF1B" box="[747,830,151,176]" name="Bolivia" pageId="15" pageNumber="539">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(workers foraging on recent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8FFFD8FB78DADB7DBEFF1B" box="[1157,1260,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Tabebuia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="539" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8FFFD8FB78DADB7DBEFF1B" box="[1157,1260,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="539">Tabebuia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C65D4ACFF8FFFD8FAD9DAD57CCEFF1B" box="[1316,1436,153,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="15" pageNumber="539" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911733DFF8FFFD8FAD9DAD57CCEFF1B" box="[1316,1436,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="539">Hymenaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
treefalls).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |