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<document id="2924DB7F502234BAC2FB73142BBC4562" ID-CLB-Dataset="50850" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.170231" ID-GBIF-Dataset="256b1aaa-6882-43ab-b647-0deec14fdfcc" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="170231" checkinTime="1459752579393" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lopes, Daniela A., Hajdu, Eduardo &amp; Reiswig, Henry M." docDate="2005" docId="03C787F3FFF6FF93FE90FE71FB313601" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01066p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1066" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@291a4791" docStyleName="zootaxa.0000.journal_article" docTitle="Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury 1841" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFFEFF8BFFF1FF9AFF98FFF8FF893261" masterDocTitle="Redescription of two Hexactinosida (Porifera, Hexactinellida) from the southwestern Atlantic, collected by Programme REVIZEE" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1732859856842" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C421A33DA8A0626C75422F3DB9C97F76">Redescription of two Hexactinosida (Porifera, Hexactinellida) from the southwestern Atlantic, collected by Programme REVIZEE</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6890C5799F5880A5172E01424CB6A024">Lopes, Daniela A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6AFD615EEA9C0DB0DDFE1FCFC7B12EF">Hajdu, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B2A9FCD9DF794FED8217D9D9BD09B8C">Reiswig, Henry M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E582232DA013B104DB7826268DD6101A">2005</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C787F3FFF6FF93FE90FE71FB313601" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119338093" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C787F3FFF6FF93FE90FE71FB313601" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C787F3FFF6FF93FE90FE71FB313601" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" scope_family="Dactylocalycidae" scope_order="Hexactinosida" scope_phylum="Porifera">
<subSubSection id="C374656EFFF6FF9DFE90FE71FE5433A7" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFE90FE71FD7233C2" blockId="7.[264,763,393,454]" box="[264,763,393,419]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D0998189FFF6FF9DFE90FE71FD7233C2" bold="true" box="[264,763,393,419]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFE90FE71FD7233C2" ID-CoL="6BZ27" authority="Stutchbury, 1841" authorityName="Stutchbury" authorityYear="1841" box="[264,763,393,419]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFE90FE71FD7233C2" bold="true" box="[264,763,393,419]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFE90FE71FD9733C2" bold="true" box="[264,542,393,419]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Dactylocalyx pumiceus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B14FFF6FF9DFDBFFE71FD7233C2" author="Stutchbury" box="[551,763,393,419]" pageId="7" pageNumber="55" refString="Stutchbury, S. (1841) Description of a new sponge from Barbados. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B) 9, pp. 86 - 87." type="journal article" year="1841">
Stutchbury,
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</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFE90FE54FE5433A7" blockId="7.[264,763,393,454]" box="[264,477,428,454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
(
<figureCitation id="13552A60FFF6FF9DFE89FE54FE0B33A7" box="[273,386,428,454]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="8.[264,357,1769,1790]" captionStartId-1="9.[264,357,958,979]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetBox-1="[288,1272,297,869]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[264,1323,282,894]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 4: Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury, 1841. A. preserved specimen (MNRJ 3253). B F, SEM. B. dermal surface. C. discohexaster. D. terminal disc of discohexaster. E. onychexaster. F. terminal disc of onychexaster (Scale bars: A = 20 mm, B = 500 μm, C, E = 10 μm, D, F = 2 μm)." captionText-1="FIGURE 5: Free megascleres of Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury, 1841. A. pentactins. B. hexactins (Scale bars = 100 μm)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170234" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170235" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/170234/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/170235/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
Figs.
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, Tab II)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374656EFFF6FF9DFE90FE03FCEC3007" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFE90FE03FCEC3007" blockId="7.[264,1323,507,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFE90FE03FD893074" bold="true" box="[264,512,507,533]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED7FAE20FFF6FF9DFD94FE04FDD33077" box="[524,602,508,534]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">MNRJ</collectionCode>
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFDFEFE04FD283077" box="[614,673,508,534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="1499.0">1499</number>
and
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<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFCA4FE04FCF03077" box="[828,889,508,534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="3253.0">3253</number>
, Almirante Saldanha seamount (off Cape
<collectingCountry id="F3797675FFF6FF9DFED3FDDCFE4B305F" box="[331,450,548,574]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
, Rio de Janeiro State,
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<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFD5DFDDCFC9F305F" box="[709,790,548,574]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="22.376">22.376</number>
º S
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5A5022FFF6FF9DFCDBFDDCFC4D305F" box="[835,964,548,574]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" precision="55" value="-37.659">
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFCDBFDDCFC1C305F" box="[835,917,548,574]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="37.659">37.659</number>
º W
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), Central II cruise, station
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c,
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depth, coll. R.V. “Astro Garoupa”,
<date id="FFD01025FFF6FF9DFD75FDB4FCE83007" box="[749,865,588,614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="1997-11-06">
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFD75FDB4FD723007" box="[749,763,588,614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="6.0">6</number>
/xi/
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFCBEFDB4FCE83007" box="[806,865,588,614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="1997.0">1997</number>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374656EFFF6FF9DFEA0FD8BFD25314F" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFEA0FD8BFD25314F" blockId="7.[264,1323,507,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFEA0FD8BFE3E30EC" bold="true" box="[312,439,627,653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFE27FD8CFDD330EC" box="[447,602,628,653]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFE27FD8CFDD330EC" box="[447,602,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Dactylocalyx</emphasis>
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with thick walls composed of a dense network of irregularly branching and anastomosing tubules of small calibre (
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lumen), completely penetrating the body wall; deep, round or oval holes, or longitudinally oriented grooves (
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wide) which incompletely penetrate the body wall. Microscleres are spherical discohexasters and rare onychexasters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374656EFFF6FF9DFEA0FCC4FC7937E7" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFEA0FCC4FCE3367F" blockId="7.[264,1323,507,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFEA0FCC4FE593137" bold="true" box="[312,464,828,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Description.</emphasis>
Specimens composed of fragments, the largest one has
<date id="FFD01025FFF6FF9DFB00FCC4FB5B3137" box="[1176,1234,828,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="1967-10">
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFB00FCC4FB3C3137" box="[1176,1205,828,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="67.0">67</number>
x
</date>
<quantity id="4C969B00FFF6FF9DFB78FCC4FAA23137" box="[1248,1323,828,854]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="34.0">34mm</quantity>
(length x width;
<figureCitation id="13552A60FFF6FF9DFE4EFC9CFD96311F" box="[470,543,868,894]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[264,357,1769,1790]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4: Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury, 1841. A. preserved specimen (MNRJ 3253). B F, SEM. B. dermal surface. C. discohexaster. D. terminal disc of discohexaster. E. onychexaster. F. terminal disc of onychexaster (Scale bars: A = 20 mm, B = 500 μm, C, E = 10 μm, D, F = 2 μm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170234/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
Fig.
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A). Consistency rigid and fragile. Body wall penetrated on both outer and inner surfaces by deep circular pits or longitudinally­oriented meandering grooves (
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­
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wide); all framework surface completely porous, consisting of openings of small calibre tubes with lumen
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­
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in diameter; tubules extending throughout body wall, branching and anastomosing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFEA0FBD4FD57360F" blockId="7.[264,1323,507,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFEA0FBD4FE233627" bold="true" box="[312,426,1068,1094]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Dictyonal framework with beams coarsely tuberculate,
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­
<quantity id="4C969B00FFF6FF9DFB03FBD4FB6B3627" box="[1179,1250,1068,1094]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
thick, mesh sides
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­
<quantity id="4C969B00FFF6FF9DFD97FBACFDED360F" box="[527,612,1108,1134]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="375.0">375 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13552A60FFF6FF9DFDECFBACFD35360F" box="[628,700,1108,1134]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[264,357,1769,1790]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4: Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury, 1841. A. preserved specimen (MNRJ 3253). B F, SEM. B. dermal surface. C. discohexaster. D. terminal disc of discohexaster. E. onychexaster. F. terminal disc of onychexaster (Scale bars: A = 20 mm, B = 500 μm, C, E = 10 μm, D, F = 2 μm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170234/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
Fig.
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B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFEA0FB84FC7937E7" blockId="7.[264,1323,507,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFEA0FB84FE1736F7" bold="true" box="[312,414,1148,1174]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Spicules</emphasis>
(Table II). Free megascleres: large pentactins (
<figureCitation id="13552A60FFF6FF9DFC4EFB84FB9436F7" box="[982,1053,1148,1174]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[264,357,958,979]" captionTargetBox="[288,1272,297,869]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[264,1323,282,894]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5: Free megascleres of Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury, 1841. A. pentactins. B. hexactins (Scale bars = 100 μm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170235/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
Fig.
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A) and hexactins (
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Fig.
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B) with proximal rays always broken off; pentactins with tangential and proximal rays smooth or microspined, cylindrical or club­shaped, and straight or sinuous; hexactins with club­shaped tangential and distal rays, and acute proximal ray, smooth or microspined and straight or sinuous. Microscleres: abundant spherical discohexasters with short primary rays bearing
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straight, microspined secondary rays (
<figureCitation id="13552A60FFF6FF9DFC35FABCFC7E373F" box="[941,1015,1348,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[264,357,1769,1790]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4: Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury, 1841. A. preserved specimen (MNRJ 3253). B F, SEM. B. dermal surface. C. discohexaster. D. terminal disc of discohexaster. E. onychexaster. F. terminal disc of onychexaster (Scale bars: A = 20 mm, B = 500 μm, C, E = 10 μm, D, F = 2 μm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170234/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
Fig.
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFC70FABCFC7E373F" box="[1000,1015,1348,1374]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="4.0">4</number>
</figureCitation>
CD); rare onychexasters with microspined secondary rays (
<figureCitation id="13552A60FFF6FF9DFD03FA94FD6837E7" box="[667,737,1388,1414]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[264,357,1769,1790]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[264,1323,457,1740]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4: Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury, 1841. A. preserved specimen (MNRJ 3253). B F, SEM. B. dermal surface. C. discohexaster. D. terminal disc of discohexaster. E. onychexaster. F. terminal disc of onychexaster (Scale bars: A = 20 mm, B = 500 μm, C, E = 10 μm, D, F = 2 μm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170234/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
Fig.
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFD4AFA94FD6837E7" box="[722,737,1388,1414]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="4.0">4</number>
</figureCitation>
EF); no oxyhexasters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374656EFFF6FF9DFEA0FA6CFA9B379F" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFEA0FA6CFA9B379F" blockId="7.[264,1323,507,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFEA0FA6CFE5137CF" bold="true" box="[312,472,1428,1454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</emphasis>
The distribution of the species is western Atlantic, from
<collectingCountry id="F3797675FFF6FF9DFB0CFA6CFB5237CF" box="[1172,1243,1428,1454]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
to the Caribbean, from depths of
<quantity id="4C969B00FFF6FF9DFDD2FA44FD6C37B7" box="[586,741,1468,1494]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0285" metricValueMax="1.966" metricValueMin="0.091" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="1028.5" valueMax="1966.0" valueMin="91.0">91 to 1966m</quantity>
. The southwestern Atlantic bathymetric distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFEC5FA1CFE79379C" box="[349,496,1508,1533]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFEC5FA1CFE79379C" box="[349,496,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">D. pumiceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was increased from
<quantity id="4C969B00FFF6FF9DFD7AFA1CFCAD379F" box="[738,804,1508,1534]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="188.0">188m</quantity>
(Mothes de
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B14FFF6FF9DFC20FA1CFBD2379F" author="Moraes" box="[952,1115,1508,1534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" refString="Mothes de Moraes, B. (1977) Ocorrencia de Dactylocalyx pumiceus Stutchbury, 1841, no litoral do Rio Grande do Sul (Porifera, Hexactinellida). Inheringia (Zoologia), 50, pp. 41 - 50." type="journal article" year="1977">
Moraes,
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFB87FA1CFBD2379F" box="[1055,1115,1508,1534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="1977.0">1977</number>
</bibRefCitation>
) to
<quantity id="4C969B00FFF6FF9DFB11FA1CFB45379F" box="[1161,1228,1508,1534]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.52" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="552.0">552m</quantity>
deep.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374656EFFF6FF92FEA0F9F4FDB033EF" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF9DFEA0F9F4FC8134A7" blockId="7.[264,1323,507,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFEA0F9F4FE383447" bold="true" box="[312,433,1548,1574]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFDA5F9F4FD513444" box="[573,728,1548,1573]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFDA5F9F4FD513444" box="[573,728,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Dactylocalyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contains only two valid species,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFBFCF9F4FB713444" box="[1124,1272,1548,1573]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFBFCF9F4FB713444" box="[1124,1272,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">D. pumiceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFE90F9CCFDC5342F" authority="Gray, 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[264,588,1588,1614]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subglobosus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFE90F9CCFE37342C" box="[264,446,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">D. subglobosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B14FFF6FF9DFE5EF9CCFDC5342F" author="Gray" box="[454,588,1588,1614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867). Notes on the arrangement of sponges, with the description of some new genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558, pls. XXVII - XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1867">
Gray,
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFD96F9CCFDC5342F" box="[526,588,1588,1614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="1867.0">1867</number>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Similarity in body form of the two species supports the argument that
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFE1CF9A4FDB43414" box="[388,573,1628,1653]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subglobosus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFE1CF9A4FDB43414" box="[388,573,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">D. subglobosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might be a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFCF7F9A4FB8F3414" box="[879,1030,1628,1653]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFCF7F9A4FB8F3414" box="[879,1030,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">D. pumiceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the respective
<typeStatus id="54D58847FFF6FF9DFB60F9A4FAA23417" box="[1272,1323,1628,1654]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
specimens differ in microsclere contents—two classes of discohexasters in
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFBEEF97CFAA334FC" box="[1142,1322,1668,1693]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subglobosus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFBEEF97CFAA334FC" box="[1142,1322,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">D. subglobosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
versus one in
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFE32F954FC8D34A7" authority="Reiswig, 1991" authorityName="Reiswig" authorityYear="1991" box="[426,772,1708,1734]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFE32F954FDB434A4" box="[426,573,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">D. pumiceus</emphasis>
(Reiswig,
<number id="3DA624C2FFF6FF9DFD24F954FD7234A7" box="[700,763,1708,1734]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" value="1991.0">1991</number>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF6FF92FEA0F92CFDB033EF" blockId="7.[264,1323,507,1894]" lastBlockId="8.[264,1322,284,398]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF6FF9DFEA0F92CFDC2348C" box="[312,587,1748,1773]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF6FF9DFEA0F92CFDC2348C" box="[312,587,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Dactylocalyx pumiceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a remarkable discontinuity in its geographic distribution in the western Atlantic, with a large gap (over
<quantity id="4C969B00FFF6FF9DFCFBF904FC4F3577" box="[867,966,1788,1814]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" unit="km" value="5500.0">5500km</quantity>
) between southeastern Brazilian specimens described here and its previously known southern Caribbean records. Part of this gap was corroborated by trawling (
<quantity id="4C969B00FFF6FF9DFD60F8B4FC0F3507" box="[760,902,1868,1894]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.279" metricValueMax="2.1369999999999996" metricValueMin="0.421" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="1279.0" valueMax="2137.0" valueMin="421.0">4212137m</quantity>
deep) made by the R.V. &quot;Thalassa&quot; all along Bahia State (
<number id="3DA624C2FFF9FF92FD90FEDCFDDB335F" box="[520,594,292,318]" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" value="15.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="12.0">1218</number>
o S) in the scope of Programme REVIZEE, which failed to find
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF9FF92FE90FEB4FE293304" box="[264,416,332,357]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF9FF92FE90FEB4FE293304" box="[264,416,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="51">D. pumiceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the area, in spite of collecting other basiphytose hexactinellids (to be reported upon elsewhere).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF11666DFFF9FF92FE90F911FC453529" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[264,1323,457,1740]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF9FF92FE90F911FC453529" blockId="8.[264,1322,1766,1865]" pageId="8" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF9FF92FE90F911FE09349F" bold="true" box="[264,384,1769,1790]" pageId="8" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 4:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF9FF92FE11F912FC91349E" authority="Stutchbury, 1841" authorityName="Stutchbury" authorityYear="1841" box="[393,792,1770,1791]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF9FF92FE11F912FDE3349E" box="[393,618,1770,1791]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF9FF92FE11F912FD8E349E" box="[393,519,1770,1791]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Dactylocalyx</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF9FF92FD97F912FDE3349E" authority="Stutchbury" authorityName="Stutchbury" authorityYear="1841" box="[527,618,1770,1791]" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="pumiceus">pumiceus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Stutchbury, 1841
</taxonomicName>
. A. preserved specimen (MNRJ 3253). BF, SEM. B. dermal surface.
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF9FF92FE3CF8F6FDCF3542" box="[420,582,1806,1827]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Caulophacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="discohexaster">
C.
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF9FF92FE5AF8F6FDCF3542" box="[450,582,1806,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="discohexaster">discohexaster</taxonomicName>
</taxonomicName>
. D. terminal disc of
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF9FF92FC97F8F6FC1A3542" box="[783,915,1806,1827]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Caulophacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="discohexaster">discohexaster</taxonomicName>
. E. onychexaster. F. terminal disc of onychexaster (Scale bars: A= 20mm, B = 500μm, C, E = 10μm, D, F = 2μm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF11666DFFF8FF93FE90FC46FE153193" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170235/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[288,1272,297,869]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF8FF93FE90FC46FE153193" blockId="9.[264,1322,958,1011]" pageId="9" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF8FF93FE90FC46FEF631B2" bold="true" box="[264,383,958,979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 5:</emphasis>
Free megascleres of
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF8FF93FDD6FC46FC5231B2" authority="Stutchbury, 1841" authorityName="Stutchbury" authorityYear="1841" box="[590,987,958,979]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF8FF93FDD6FC46FCA731B2" box="[590,814,958,979]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF8FF93FDD6FC46FCA731B2" box="[590,814,958,979]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF8FF93FDD6FC46FD4531B2" box="[590,716,958,979]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sceptrulophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Dactylocalyx</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF8FF93FD4CFC46FCA731B2" authority="Stutchbury" authorityName="Stutchbury" authorityYear="1841" box="[724,814,958,979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="pumiceus">pumiceus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Stutchbury, 1841
</taxonomicName>
. A. pentactins. B. hexactins (Scale bars = 100μm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C374656EFFF8FF93FE90FBDEFB313601" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD136E5FFF8FF93FE90FBDEFB313601" blockId="9.[264,1323,1062,1125]" pageId="9" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF8FF93FE90FBDEFE07365F" bold="true" box="[264,398,1062,1086]" pageId="9" pageNumber="52">
<collectionCode id="ED7FAE20FFF8FF93FE90FBDEFEE9365F" box="[264,352,1062,1086]" pageId="9" pageNumber="52">TABLE</collectionCode>
II:
</emphasis>
Spicule dimensions of
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D66FFF8FF93FD35FBDFFB09365C" authority="Stutchbury, 1841" authorityName="Stutchbury" authorityYear="1841" box="[685,1152,1062,1086]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Dactylocalycidae" genus="Dactylocalyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexactinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pumiceus">
<emphasis id="B91AEAF7FFF8FF93FD35FBDFFC26365F" box="[685,943,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="52">Dactylocalyx pumiceus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B14FFF8FF93FC27FBDEFB09365C" author="Stutchbury" box="[959,1152,1062,1085]" pageId="9" pageNumber="55" refString="Stutchbury, S. (1841) Description of a new sponge from Barbados. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B) 9, pp. 86 - 87." type="journal article" year="1841">
Stutchbury,
<number id="3DA624C2FFF8FF93FBD0FBDEFB09365C" box="[1096,1152,1062,1085]" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" value="1841.0">1841</number>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Measures are expressed in m as: smaller­ mean­largerN. Ln = Length, Wd = width, Diam = diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>