548 lines
68 KiB
XML
548 lines
68 KiB
XML
<document id="AFA54C7EC1FED8468114F7BE85A05DCF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3920.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2534a6d3-3a8c-42d1-a137-62f157e1f739" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="241892" ID-ZooBank="5DF7FF7C-3A5E-4BE2-8E20-D84934965817" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460997670031" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guzmán, Ali Abadallan, Joya, Daniel Chirivi & Francke, Oscar F." docDate="2015" docId="038C87DCD65BB026FF44FA1BFA61A147" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03920p482.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3920 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phrynus perrii Guzmán, Joya & Francke, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="675ACA8A-54D4-4785-9144-BFDAEBE5B3E7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="479" masterDocId="FFB5FFA4D65AB020FFD3FFF9FFF7A05A" masterDocTitle="The first troglomorphic species of the genus Phrynus Lamarck, 1801 (Amblypygi: Phrynidae) from Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="482" masterPageNumber="474" pageNumber="475" updateTime="1698563294418" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="BCF7EAFC2D85DE9594E0616C4CA96C25" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B6EFA3C097A679C6596149D2141C2B47">
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<mods:title id="95B93E72D0A52BD911819C63613CDA9C">The first troglomorphic species of the genus Phrynus Lamarck, 1801 (Amblypygi: Phrynidae) from Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8F310D0CEF45B8F2D0CB5FC444714687" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FFB8F61BE6253C3782C040747208D6C2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1AB97E871710E678B084C0E4AF474779">Guzmán, Ali Abadallan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="698C578A15A65979BC714177245EB170" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8012991BC42B5439D877D27C4F03AEF3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1A19DB82C01A8D84C388AB30233401D9">Joya, Daniel Chirivi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B5A74CDF6D1CA73719B829D2C5E2BF10" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="412C423E8CFA429E3A756313A2E93615">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1E55133623B1B92E74DB70F1BCBD420F">Francke, Oscar F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E188B1E9DE8CE7B02490E0F899FE0BD9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F0F888CB7A37B9CFF4F6A8F640622EAA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3335EF1B67C9E60444B081FE4BD702B7">
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<mods:date id="F1F860641DD1594EE1183E7B5B3626B1">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4D411326C83812146DCA7DB7E4BF87CE">3920</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4EE19ED9C58CCA5CDC9A991017517523">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F86AAA93D07AF8BDAE261DCDECA6CB6E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3920.3.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038C87DCD65BB026FF44FA1BFA61A147" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5687806" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119597526" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5687806" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:675ACA8A-54D4-4785-9144-BFDAEBE5B3E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87DCD65BB026FF44FA1BFA61A147" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">
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<subSubSection id="C33F6541D65BB021FF44FA1BFE6EA644" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65BB021FF44FA1BFE5BA5A7" blockId="1.[151,428,1506,1566]" box="[151,428,1506,1533]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">
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<heading id="D0D281A6D65BB021FF44FA1BFE5BA5A7" bold="true" box="[151,428,1506,1533]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FF44FA1BFE5BA5A7" bold="true" box="[151,428,1506,1533]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65BB021FF44FA1BFEBFA5A6" ID-CoL="6VDQF" box="[151,328,1506,1532]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FF44FA1BFEBFA5A6" bold="true" box="[151,328,1506,1532]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Phrynus perrii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26257A3D65BB021FE9CFA1AFE5BA5A7" box="[335,428,1507,1533]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65BB021FF44F9FCFE6EA644" blockId="1.[151,428,1506,1566]" box="[151,409,1541,1566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">
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<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65BB021FF44F9FCFEE8A644" box="[151,287,1541,1566]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[165,1431,553,1915]" captionTargetBox-1="[217,1369,193,1930]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1426,350,1906]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[217,1369,193,1931]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,339,1915]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Dorsal view of carapace. B. Ventral view of sternum. C. Prolateral and retrolateral surface of chelicera. D. Frontal process of carapace. E. Dorsal view of gonopods." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Right trochanter, dorsal view. B. Right femur, dorsal view. C. Left trochanter, ventral view. D. Left femur, ventral view. E. Right patella, dorsal view. F. Right tibia, dorsal view. G. Left patella, ventral view. H. Left tibia, ventral view." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Known distribution of Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Orange pentagon: Cueva del Naranjo, Chiapas (type locality); along with the type localities of two other species of Phrynus found in Chiapas." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/241893/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/241895/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Figures 1–3</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6A70371D65BB021FEF8F9FCFE8EA644" box="[299,377,1541,1566]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,476,499]" captionTargetBox="[159,1290,526,838]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of Phrynus perrii sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5A6642D65FB025FF44FE25FCFDA1A9" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" tableUuid="DF5A6642D65FB025FF44FE25FCFDA1A9">Table 1</tableCitation>
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–3
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6541D65BB021FF44F9B4FCC6A6F4" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65BB021FF44F9B4FCC6A6F4" blockId="1.[151,1437,1613,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FF44F9B4FEB0A63C" bold="true" box="[151,327,1613,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">
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<typeStatus id="549E8868D65BB021FF44F9B4FF25A63C" box="[151,210,1613,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65BB021FE82F9B7FE33A63C" box="[337,452,1614,1638]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
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: Chiapas: Municipio Cintalapa: Cueva del Naranjo (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE11500DD65BB021FBCCF9B4FB4DA63C" box="[1055,1210,1613,1638]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" precision="1" value="16.854668">16.854667°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE11500DD65BB021FB1BF9B4FA92A63C" box="[1224,1381,1613,1638]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" precision="1" value="-93.70453">93.704528°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 769 masl,
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<quantity id="4CDD9B2FD65BB021FF0EF988FED0A6D3" box="[221,295,1649,1674]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
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into the cave),
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<date id="FF9B100AD65BB021FE31F98BFD60A6D0" box="[482,663,1649,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" value="2014-03-30">30 March 2014</date>
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, G. Contreras & G. Montiel leg.,
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<typeStatus id="549E8868D65BB021FBCDF988FB77A6D0" box="[1054,1152,1649,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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female (CNAN-T0864).
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<typeStatus id="549E8868D65BB021FF44F96FFF09A6F4" box="[151,254,1686,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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: same data as
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<typeStatus id="549E8868D65BB021FE4FF96CFDF6A6F4" box="[412,513,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D23FD43D65BB021FDDFF96FFD9AA6F4" box="[524,621,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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(CNAN-T0865).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6541D65BB021FF14F940FC5DA6AC" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65BB021FF14F940FC5DA6AC" blockId="1.[151,1437,1613,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FF14F940FEB9A688" bold="true" box="[199,334,1721,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species is dedicated to Gerardo A. Contreras-Felix, a.k.a. as “Perri”, for his help collecting the
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<typeStatus id="549E8868D65BB021FF44F927FF25A6AC" box="[151,210,1758,1782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">types</typeStatus>
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and for his contribution to the knowledge of Mexican scorpions.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6541D65BB022FF14F8F8FC60A0A2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="476" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65BB022FF14F8F8FC60A0A2" blockId="1.[151,1437,1613,2034]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="476" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FF14F8F8FEB6A740" bold="true" box="[199,321,1793,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65BB021FE99F8F8FE06A743" box="[330,497,1793,1818]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FE99F8F8FE06A743" box="[330,497,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Phrynus perrii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from most species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65BB021FC96F8F8FC55A740" box="[837,930,1793,1818]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FC96F8F8FC55A740" box="[837,930,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Phrynus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, except.
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65BB021FBDFF8FBFA84A740" authority="Armas and Perez 1994" authorityName="Armas and Perez" authorityYear="1994" box="[1036,1395,1793,1818]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="noeli">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FBDFF8FBFB95A740" box="[1036,1122,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">P. noeli</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65BB021FBB8F8FBFA84A740" author="Armas" box="[1131,1395,1793,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" refString="Armas, L. F. & Perez, A. (1994) Description of the first troglobitic species of the genus Phrynus (Amblypygi: Phrynidae) from Cuba. Avicennia, 1, 7 - 11." type="journal article" year="1994">Armas and Perez 1994</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by presenting small median eyes on a nearly obsolete ocular tubercle. Differs from
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FBE3F8DFFB76A767" box="[1072,1153,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">P. no e l i</emphasis>
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on the coloration of the reduced ocular tubercle, black in
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FDDEF8B3FDA9A73B" box="[525,606,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">P. n oe l i</emphasis>
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, whereas on
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65BB021FD25F8B3FCA5A73B" box="[758,850,1866,1889]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FD25F8B3FCA5A73B" box="[758,850,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">P. perrii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it is the same color as the carapace (pale brown). In addition, the new species differs from other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65BB021FD29F894FCA0A7DC" box="[762,855,1901,1926]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FD29F894FCA0A7DC" box="[762,855,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Phrynus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having the following combination of characters: chelicera with only one tooth on external margin of retrolateral surface (
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FC1FF86BFBEAA7F3" box="[972,1053,1937,1962]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">P. no e l i</emphasis>
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has three teeth); Tv1 longer than Tv3; Fd2 shorter than Fd3; tarsus with two dorsomedial lines of bristles, and the dorso-internal lateral surface without a small spine; only
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65BB021FE05F820FC3EA7A8" authority="Armas & Gadar, 2004" authorityName="Armas & Gadar" authorityYear="2004" box="[470,969,2009,2034]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmannae">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FE05F820FD36A7A8" box="[470,705,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">Phrynus hoffmannae</emphasis>
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Armas & Gadar, 2004
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</taxonomicName>
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, shares the above features with
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65BB021FAEBF823FA62A7AB" box="[1336,1429,2010,2033]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="1" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65BB021FAEBF823FA62A7AB" box="[1336,1429,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="475">P. perrii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, however, in
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D658B022FEF7FF60FE31A0EA" box="[292,454,151,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="2" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoffmannae">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FEF7FF60FE31A0EA" box="[292,454,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">P. hoffmannae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the eyes are not reduced and are pigmented, Fd2 and Fd3 are almost the same length, Pd2 is shorter or equal to Pd4 and visibly shorter than Pd3, whereas on
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D658B022FC1DFF44FBA3A08F" authority="Fd" authorityName="Fd" box="[974,1108,188,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="2" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FC1DFF44FBDCA08E" box="[974,1067,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">P. perrii</emphasis>
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Fd
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</taxonomicName>
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3 is almost twice longer than Fd2, Pd2 is longer than Pd4 and almost with the same length of Pd3.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6541D658B024FF14FEFDFD98A677" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="478" pageId="2" pageNumber="476" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD658B022FF14FEFDFD19A11A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FF14FEFDFDBFA147" bold="true" box="[199,584,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">
|
||
Description. Female (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E8868D658B022FE14FEFDFDCCA147" box="[455,571,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Length,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD9B2FD658B022FD7DFEFDFCF7A146" box="[686,768,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="476" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1mm</quantity>
|
||
. Carrying six embryos. Carapace, chelicera, palps and legs pale brown, unpigmented; cuticle weakly sclerotized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD658B022FF14FEB2FAD6A1AE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FF14FEB2FEC9A13E" bold="true" box="[199,318,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">Carapace:</emphasis>
|
||
Slightly concave in frontal region. Anterior margin bilobed, corners flattened down, with several setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD658B022FF0DFE96FEE9A1D2" box="[222,286,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[165,1431,553,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Dorsal view of carapace. B. Ventral view of sternum. C. Prolateral and retrolateral surface of chelicera. D. Frontal process of carapace. E. Dorsal view of gonopods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241893/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Frontal process triangular; slightly wider than long and may not be seen in dorsal view because of its slight curvature facing inward. Median eyes underdeveloped, smaller in diameter than lateral eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD658B022FADFFE6DFAA2A1F6" box="[1292,1365,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[165,1431,553,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Dorsal view of carapace. B. Ventral view of sternum. C. Prolateral and retrolateral surface of chelicera. D. Frontal process of carapace. E. Dorsal view of gonopods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241893/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A and 1D); ocular tubercle reduced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD658B022FE39FE4EFDDEA18A" box="[490,553,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[165,1431,553,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Dorsal view of carapace. B. Ventral view of sternum. C. Prolateral and retrolateral surface of chelicera. D. Frontal process of carapace. E. Dorsal view of gonopods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241893/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Lateral eyes with lenses flattened, without pigmentation and with one seta posterior to each triad. Carapace mostly unpigmented, chelicerae can be observed through the carapace.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5A6642D658B022FF44F86EFB98A796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241893/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="476" targetBox="[165,1431,553,1915]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD658B022FF44F86EFB98A796" blockId="2.[151,1436,1943,1996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FF44F86EFEE3A7F7" bold="true" box="[151,276,1943,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D658B022FECFF86EFE45A7F4" box="[284,434,1943,1966]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="2" pageNumber="476" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FECFF86EFE45A7F4" box="[284,434,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">Phrynus perrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26257A3D658B022FE6AF86EFDFCA7F7" box="[441,523,1943,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FE6AF86EFDFCA7F7" bold="true" box="[441,523,1943,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Female paratype:
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FD1FF86EFD12A7F7" bold="true" box="[716,741,1943,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of carapace.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FC27F86EFBFCA7F7" bold="true" box="[1012,1035,1943,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of sternum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FACAF86EFAC5A7F7" bold="true" box="[1305,1330,1943,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Prolateral and retrolateral surface of chelicera.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FDD9F84FFDD4A796" bold="true" box="[522,547,1974,1996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Frontal process of carapace.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D658B022FC98F84FFC95A796" bold="true" box="[843,866,1974,1996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="476">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of gonopods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5A6642D659B023FF44F859FDD9A7A9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="477" targetBox="[217,1369,193,1930]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD659B023FF44F859FDD9A7A9" blockId="3.[151,1436,1952,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FF44F859FEE3A7EC" bold="true" box="[151,276,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D659B023FECFF859FE45A7EC" box="[284,434,1952,1974]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="3" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FECFF859FE45A7EC" box="[284,434,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">Phrynus perrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26257A3D659B023FE69F859FDFBA7EC" box="[442,524,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FE69F859FDFBA7EC" bold="true" box="[442,524,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Female paratype:
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FD1FF859FD12A7EC" bold="true" box="[716,741,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Right trochanter, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FBF6F859FBCBA7EC" bold="true" box="[1061,1084,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Right femur, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FA82F859FA9DA7EC" bold="true" box="[1361,1386,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Left trochanter, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FE46F846FE59A78F" bold="true" box="[405,430,1983,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Left femur, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FD69F846FD27A78F" bold="true" box="[698,720,1983,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Right patella, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FC38F846FC0AA78F" bold="true" box="[1003,1021,1983,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Right tibia, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FAD1F846FAE0A78F" bold="true" box="[1282,1303,1983,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Left patella, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D659B023FEF3F824FECDA7A9" bold="true" box="[288,314,2013,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="477">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Left tibia, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF14FF6EFD23A0A2" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14FF6EFEC5A0EA" bold="true" box="[199,306,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Sternum:</emphasis>
|
||
Tri-segmented, second and third segments non-sclerotized and slightly convex; tritosternum projected anteriorly, elongated, conical, with one pair of apical setae, one medial seta, one pair of basal setae, and with two small setae on posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FDBCFF26FD59A0A2" box="[623,686,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[165,1431,553,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Dorsal view of carapace. B. Ventral view of sternum. C. Prolateral and retrolateral surface of chelicera. D. Frontal process of carapace. E. Dorsal view of gonopods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241893/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF44FEFDFC6BA13F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Second segment (tetrasternum) rounded, with one seta at each anterior corner. Third segment (pentasternum) rounded and slightly smaller than second, with one seta at each anterior corner. Metasternum divided longitudinally, with two small setae on posterior margin of each half.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF14FE96FD5CA1F6" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14FE96FEB2A1D2" bold="true" box="[199,325,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Gonopods:</emphasis>
|
||
Genital operculum margin slightly bilobed. Gonopods stinger-like, longer than wide; separated from one another by less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD9B2FD65EB024FE39FE6DFDCFA1F6" box="[490,568,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FD9BFE6DFD70A1F6" box="[584,647,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[165,1431,553,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Dorsal view of carapace. B. Ventral view of sternum. C. Prolateral and retrolateral surface of chelicera. D. Frontal process of carapace. E. Dorsal view of gonopods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241893/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF14FE4EFDA8A242" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14FE4EFEB7A18A" bold="true" box="[199,320,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Chelicera:</emphasis>
|
||
Basal segment of chelicera with three inner teeth; distal tooth bifid, proximal cusp larger than distal. Teeth length: III>Ib>Ia>II. Basal segment of chelicera with one tooth on external margin of retrolateral surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FF24FE06FEC1A242" box="[247,310,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[165,1431,553,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Dorsal view of carapace. B. Ventral view of sternum. C. Prolateral and retrolateral surface of chelicera. D. Frontal process of carapace. E. Dorsal view of gonopods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241893/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Claw with 5 denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF14FDDAFBFEA49F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14FDDAFE32A267" box="[199,453,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14FDDAFEC2A266" bold="true" box="[199,309,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Pedipalp:</emphasis>
|
||
Trochanter:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Prolateral face with 4 marginal spines; spines
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FC21FDDDFBE7A266" box="[1010,1040,548,572]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
1 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FB8BFDDDFB83A266" box="[1112,1140,548,572]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
3 located near the medial region,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FF3FFDB1FEF0A23A" box="[236,263,584,608]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
2 located closer to ventral margin than others,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FCC3FDB1FCDBA23A" box="[784,812,584,608]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
3 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FCBDFDB1FC7EA23A" box="[878,905,584,608]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
4 subequal in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FBA9FDBEFB30A23A" box="[1146,1223,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[217,1369,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Right trochanter, dorsal view. B. Right femur, dorsal view. C. Left trochanter, ventral view. D. Left femur, ventral view. E. Right patella, dorsal view. F. Right tibia, dorsal view. G. Left patella, ventral view. H. Left tibia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 2C). Trochanter spine length:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FEE2FD95FEBAA2DE" box="[305,333,620,644]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
2>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FEB8FD95FE70A2DE" box="[363,391,620,644]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
1>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FE4CFD95FE4CA2DE" box="[415,443,620,644]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
4>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65EB024FE0AFD95FE02A2DE" box="[473,501,620,644]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tr</collectingCountry>
|
||
3. Dorsal oblique series of 5 setal tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FC3CFD95FBC3A2DE" box="[1007,1076,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[217,1369,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Right trochanter, dorsal view. B. Right femur, dorsal view. C. Left trochanter, ventral view. D. Left femur, ventral view. E. Right patella, dorsal view. F. Right tibia, dorsal view. G. Left patella, ventral view. H. Left tibia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FBB3FD94FB43A2DE" box="[1120,1204,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Femur:</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal portion with several setae; six major dorsal spines (no minor spines are observed on the right femur), the spines Fd1 and Fd2 out of the same base, spine lengths: Fd3>Fd2=Fd5>Fd1>Fd6>Fd4, on left pedipalp with one minor spine distal to Fd6. Ventral portion with six major spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FD97FD2EFD70A2AA" box="[580,647,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[217,1369,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Right trochanter, dorsal view. B. Right femur, dorsal view. C. Left trochanter, ventral view. D. Left femur, ventral view. E. Right patella, dorsal view. F. Right tibia, dorsal view. G. Left patella, ventral view. H. Left tibia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D): Fv1>Fv2>Fv3≈Fv5>Fv6>Fv4. Fv3 is just slightly larger than Fv5; on right femur one minor spine is observed after Fv5, with less than half the size of Fv4; whereas left femur has two minor spines, one between Fv3-Fv4, the second is inconspicuous and is distal to Fv6.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FB45FCE6FB07A362" box="[1174,1264,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Patella:</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal portion with eight major spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FE7EFCBDFE07A306" box="[429,496,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[217,1369,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Right trochanter, dorsal view. B. Right femur, dorsal view. C. Left trochanter, ventral view. D. Left femur, ventral view. E. Right patella, dorsal view. F. Right tibia, dorsal view. G. Left patella, ventral view. H. Left tibia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E): Pd3>Pd5≈Pd2>Pd4>Pd6>Pd7>Pd1>Pd8; two minor spines on right patella; one between Pd1-Pd2 the other between Pd4-Pd5. Left patella has an additional minor spine between Pd5-Pd6. Pd2 is about 1/3 longer than Pd4. Pd6 is twice the size of Pd7 and there is an inconspicuous spine distal to Pd7 (=Pd8). Ventral portion with seven major spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FDB4FC56FD5DA392" box="[615,682,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[217,1369,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Right trochanter, dorsal view. B. Right femur, dorsal view. C. Left trochanter, ventral view. D. Left femur, ventral view. E. Right patella, dorsal view. F. Right tibia, dorsal view. G. Left patella, ventral view. H. Left tibia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
G): Pv5>Pv2>Pv4>Pv6>Pv1>Pv3>Pv7. Pv3 is slightly longer than Pv7; Pv4 is slightly longer than Pv6. Right patella with a minor spine between Pv5-Pv6, whereas left patella also has a minor spine between Pv1-Pv2.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FD91FC0EFD74A44A" box="[578,643,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tibia:</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal portion with three major spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FB89FC0EFB68A44A" box="[1114,1183,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[217,1369,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Right trochanter, dorsal view. B. Right femur, dorsal view. C. Left trochanter, ventral view. D. Left femur, ventral view. E. Right patella, dorsal view. F. Right tibia, dorsal view. G. Left patella, ventral view. H. Left tibia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F), with setae on their bases and spinules; spine lengths: Td2>Td3>Td1. Td1 is less than half-length of Td2. Four minor spines: two between Td2-Td3, at the base of Td3; other two are distal to Td3. Ventral portion with three major spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FAE6FBC6FA8FA402" box="[1333,1400,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[217,1369,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Female paratype: A. Right trochanter, dorsal view. B. Right femur, dorsal view. C. Left trochanter, ventral view. D. Left femur, ventral view. E. Right patella, dorsal view. F. Right tibia, dorsal view. G. Left patella, ventral view. H. Left tibia, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
H): Tv2>Tv1>Tv3; one minor spine between Tv2-Tv3, and an inconspicuous spine basal to Tv1.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FB33FB9DFA6BA427" box="[1248,1436,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Tarsus+Apotele:</emphasis>
|
||
Inner face with two dorsomedial lines of bristles, dorsoventral suture between tarsus and apotele not visible. Tarsus without an inconspicuous spine on proximal end of dorso-inner lateral surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF14FB29FED4A50E" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14FB29FEF1A4BD" bold="true" box="[199,262,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
All densely setose. Femur lengths: I>III>IV>II.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FC9FFB28FC63A4B2" box="[844,916,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Leg I:</emphasis>
|
||
Tibia with 27 segments and tarsus with 64 segments in the right leg; left leg has 31 segments in the tibia and 79 segments in the tarsus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FB76FB0CFB0EA556" box="[1189,1273,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Leg IV:</emphasis>
|
||
Basitibia with 3 segments. Basitibia-distitibia lengths: BT1>DT>BT3>BT2. Basitarsus slightly longer than telotarsus. Tarsus tetramerous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF14FAA6FD98A677" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14FAA6FE58A522" bold="true" box="[199,431,1375,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
Female (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E8868D65EB024FEFDFAA6FE55A522" box="[302,418,1375,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E8868D65EB024FDE3FAA6FD62A522" box="[560,661,1375,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, except: right palp femur with a minor spine between Fv3-Fv4 (also with a minor spine between Fv5-Fv6, like the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E8868D65EB024FD4EFA7DFCF3A5C7" box="[669,772,1412,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
); patella has only one minor spine between Pd1-Pd2 on the right pedipalp, whereas left has two minor spines, one basal to Pd1 and the other distal to Pd1; tibia has two minor spines on the right pedipalp, one basal to Td1 and second between Td2-Td3; left tibia presents 3 minor spines, two between Td2-Td3 and one distal to Td3; right leg I with 27 and 68 segments in the tibia-tarsus respectively (segment tibia-tarsus left leg I is missing).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33F6541D65EB024FF14F9CEFDC8A7CF" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF14F9CEFCB1A60A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,838,1591,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14F9CEFE97A60A" bold="true" box="[199,352,1591,1616]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E8868D65EB024FDB3F9C0FD67A60B" box="[608,656,1593,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E2A4FD65EB024FD29F9CEFCCAA60A" box="[762,829,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[163,1426,350,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,339,1915]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Known distribution of Phrynus perrii sp. nov. Orange pentagon: Cueva del Naranjo, Chiapas (type locality); along with the type localities of two other species of Phrynus found in Chiapas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241895/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB024FF14F9A5FDC8A7CF" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14F9A5FE7AA62F" bold="true" box="[199,397,1628,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
The cave is located in Middle Cretaceous limestone beds, and inside the cave is a subterranean river; the cave did not show any human disturbance. The specimens were collected approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD9B2FD65EB024FF44F95DFF20A6E7" box="[151,215,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" unit="m" value="500.0">500m</quantity>
|
||
inside a horizontal cave, collected manually on the floor and walls, active for three hours. Other arachnids collected inside the cave were; Pseudoscorpions,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FD20F93EFC75A6BA" box="[755,898,1735,1760]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ricinoididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FC48F93EFBD8A6BA" box="[923,1071,1735,1760]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Pseudocellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FC48F93EFBD8A6BA" box="[923,1071,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Pseudocellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FBADF93EFB18A6BA" box="[1150,1263,1735,1760]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pholcidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FAD7F93EFA6BA6BA" box="[1284,1436,1735,1760]" class="Arachnida" family="Hubbardiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Schizomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hubbardiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FF73F915FE40A75E" box="[160,439,1772,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Hubbardiidae" genus="Stenochrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Schizomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="portoricensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF73F915FE40A75E" box="[160,439,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Stenochrus portoricensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FE03F915FDB5A75F" box="[464,578,1772,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phrynidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FD87F915FC96A75E" box="[596,865,1772,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Paraphrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emaciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FD87F915FC96A75E" box="[596,865,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Paraphrynus emaciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FC70F915FBE3A75F" box="[931,1044,1772,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Argasidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FBF5F915FB4AA75F" box="[1062,1213,1772,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Ornithodoros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FBF5F915FB4AA75F" box="[1062,1213,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Ornithodoros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.). During a visit to the cave in the previous year, no troglomorphic amblypygids were found; however, a sampling of the area outside the cave produced scorpions (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FDA7F8CDFC5DA717" box="[628,938,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Centruroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiapanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FDA7F8CDFC5DA717" box="[628,938,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Centruroides chiapanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FC24F8CDFB7EA717" box="[1015,1161,1844,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Diplocentridae" genus="Diplocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FC24F8CDFB7EA717" box="[1015,1161,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Diplocentrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.), jumping spiders (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FF4DF8AEFEE7A72A" box="[158,272,1879,1904]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Salticidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and whip spiders (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FE25F8AEFD28A72A" box="[502,735,1879,1904]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="operculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FE25F8AEFD28A72A" box="[502,735,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Phrynus operculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The habitat outside the cave is cropland, pasture and some remnants of tropical deciduous forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33F6541D65EB026FF14F859FA61A147" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="480" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65EB025FF14F859FBCBA1F7" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FF14F859FEBBA7E3" bold="true" box="[199,332,1952,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
Few organisms considered troglomorphic are really troglobites, this is further complicated when the ecology of organisms is unknown. Although most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65EB024FCBCF83DFC3BA787" box="[879,972,1988,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65EB024FCBCF83DFC3BA787" box="[879,972,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="478">Phrynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be found in caves (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65EB024FB04F83DFA67A786" author="Weygoldt" box="[1239,1424,1988,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="478" refString="Weygoldt, P. (2000) Whip Spiders (Chelicerata: Amblypygi) Their Biology, Morphology and Systematics. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark, 164 pp." type="book" year="2000">Weygoldt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), they don´t show any troglomorphisms and are considered troglophyles and trogloxenes. Only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FB1AFF6EFA90A0EA" box="[1225,1383,151,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="noeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FB1AFF6EFA90A0EA" box="[1225,1383,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Phrynus noeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described as a troglobitic species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65FB025FDFCFF45FCD8A08E" author="Armas" box="[559,815,188,212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" refString="Armas, L. F. & Perez, A. (1994) Description of the first troglobitic species of the genus Phrynus (Amblypygi: Phrynidae) from Cuba. Avicennia, 1, 7 - 11." type="journal article" year="1994">Armas & Perez (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, because it was collected in a cave in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F332765AD65FB025FAE1FF45FA9AA08F" box="[1330,1389,188,213]" name="Cuba" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
and shows adaptive characters to cavernicolous environment; however subsequently in two opportunities it has been found in epigean environments near the cave entrance, under rocks, in a similar habitat to a cave (“Hoyo de los Helechos”) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65FB025FEF7FED1FE3EA11A" author="Armas" box="[292,457,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" refString="Armas, L. F. d. (2006 b) Sinopsis de los amblipigidos Antillanos (Arachnida: Amblypygi). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 38, 223 - 245." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">Armas, 2006b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), consisting of a very small, deep valley between the mountains, were the bottom does not get direct sunlight, it is cool and humid and the vegetation is mostly ferns (partly reminiscent of the first living habitat of a cave) (personal communication, Armas, 2014). Therefore, this species, although it is troglomorphic, should be considered a troglophile rather than a troglobite (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FCE3FE6CFC99A1F6" box="[816,878,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65FB025FCA6FE6DFBC7A1F7" author="Racovitza" box="[885,1072,404,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" refString="Racovitza, E. G. (2006) Essay on biospelological problems: French, English, and Romanian. [Facsimile of the publication Essai sur les problemes biospeologiques (1907), translated by D. C. Culver & O. Moldovan] Institul de Speologie " Emil Racovitza ", Cluj-Napoca, Romania. [total page number unkown]" type="book chapter" year="2006">Racovitza, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5A6642D65FB025FF44FE25FCFDA1A9" ID-Table-UUID="DF5A6642D65FB025FF44FE25FCFDA1A9" box="[151,778,475,499]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5A6642D65FB025FF44FE25FCFDA1A9" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" targetBox="[159,1290,526,838]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65FB025FF44FE25FCFDA1A9" blockId="5.[151,778,475,499]" box="[151,778,475,499]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FF44FE25FEFDA1A9" bold="true" box="[151,266,476,499]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FDC2FE22FD5AA1A9" box="[529,685,475,499]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FDC2FE22FD5AA1A9" box="[529,685,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Phrynus perrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26257A3D65FB025FD67FE25FCFDA1A9" box="[692,778,476,499]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65FB025FF4CFDF7FBC4A31C" blockId="5.[159,1290,526,1291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<table id="F925C46AD65F4FDFFF4CFDF7FAFDA31C" box="[159,1290,526,838]" gridcols="3" gridrows="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFDF7FAFDA27E" box="[159,1290,526,548]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFDF7FE3EA27E" box="[159,457,526,548]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Characters</th>
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FDF7FD15A27E" box="[644,738,526,548]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Holotype</th>
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC1FDF7FAFDA27E" box="[1042,1290,526,548]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Paratype</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFDC1FAFDA214" box="[159,1290,568,590]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFDC1FE3EA214" box="[159,457,568,590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Total length (with chelicerae)</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FDC1FD15A214" box="[644,738,568,590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">8.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC1FDC1FAFDA214" box="[1042,1290,568,590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">8.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFD98FAFDA22D" box="[159,1290,609,631]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFD98FE3EA22D" box="[159,457,609,631]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Carapace</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFD73FAFDA2FA" box="[159,1290,650,672]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFD73FE3EA2FA" box="[159,457,650,672]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Maximum width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FD73FD15A2FA" box="[644,738,650,672]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC1FD73FAFDA2FA" box="[1042,1290,650,672]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">4.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFD4DFAFDA290" box="[159,1290,692,714]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFD4DFE3EA290" box="[159,457,692,714]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Maximum length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FD4DFD15A290" box="[644,738,692,714]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC1FD4DFAFDA290" box="[1042,1290,692,714]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">3.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFD24FAFDA2A9" box="[159,1290,733,755]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFD24FE3EA2A9" box="[159,457,733,755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Opisthosoma</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFCFFFAFDA346" box="[159,1290,774,796]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFCFFFE3EA346" box="[159,457,774,796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FCFFFD15A346" box="[644,738,774,796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC1FCFFFAFDA346" box="[1042,1290,774,796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">2.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFCC9FAFDA31C" box="[159,1290,816,838]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFCC9FE3EA31C" box="[159,457,816,838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FCC9FD15A31C" box="[644,738,816,838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC1FCC9FAFDA31C" box="[1042,1290,816,838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">4.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65FB025FD57FCA0FAF7A551" blockId="5.[159,1290,526,1291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<table id="F925C46AD65F4FDFFF4CFCA0FAFDA551" box="[159,1290,857,1291]" gridcols="5" gridrows="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFCA0FAFDA335" box="[159,1290,857,879]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FCA0FD4BA335" box="[644,700,857,879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Right</th>
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFC81FCA0FC8BA335" box="[850,892,857,879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Left</th>
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC0FCA0FBBCA335" box="[1043,1099,857,879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Right</th>
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFB33FCA0FAFDA335" box="[1248,1290,857,879]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Left</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFC7BFAFDA3C2" box="[159,1290,898,920]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFC7BFECAA3C2" box="[159,317,898,920]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Pedipalp length</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFC55FAFDA398" box="[159,1290,940,962]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFC55FECAA398" box="[159,317,940,962]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Trochanter</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FC55FD4BA398" box="[644,700,940,962]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFC81FC55FC8BA398" box="[850,892,940,962]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC0FC55FBBCA398" box="[1043,1099,940,962]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFB33FC55FAFDA398" box="[1248,1290,940,962]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFC2CFAFDA3B1" box="[159,1290,981,1003]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFC2CFECAA3B1" box="[159,317,981,1003]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Femur</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FC2CFD4BA3B1" box="[644,700,981,1003]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFC81FC2CFC8BA3B1" box="[850,892,981,1003]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC0FC2CFBBCA3B1" box="[1043,1099,981,1003]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFB33FC2CFAFDA3B1" box="[1248,1290,981,1003]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">3.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFC07FAFDA44E" box="[159,1290,1022,1044]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFC07FECAA44E" box="[159,317,1022,1044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Patella</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FC07FD4BA44E" box="[644,700,1022,1044]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFC81FC07FC8BA44E" box="[850,892,1022,1044]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC0FC07FBBCA44E" box="[1043,1099,1022,1044]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFB33FC07FAFDA44E" box="[1248,1290,1022,1044]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">3.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFBD1FAFDA464" box="[159,1290,1064,1086]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFBD1FECAA464" box="[159,317,1064,1086]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Tibia</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FBD1FD4BA464" box="[644,700,1064,1086]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFC81FBD1FC8BA464" box="[850,892,1064,1086]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC0FBD1FBBCA464" box="[1043,1099,1064,1086]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFB33FBD1FAFDA464" box="[1248,1290,1064,1086]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFBA8FAFDA43D" box="[159,1290,1105,1127]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFBA8FECAA43D" box="[159,317,1105,1127]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Tarsus</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FBA8FD4BA43D" box="[644,700,1105,1127]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFC81FBA8FC8BA43D" box="[850,892,1105,1127]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC0FBA8FBBCA43D" box="[1043,1099,1105,1127]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFB33FBA8FAFDA43D" box="[1248,1290,1105,1127]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">2.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35153488D65F4FDFFF4CFB83FAFDA551" box="[159,1290,1146,1291]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<th id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFF4CFB83FECAA551" box="[159,317,1146,1291]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Femur length Leg I Leg II Leg III Leg IV</th>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFD57FB83FD4BA551" box="[644,700,1146,1291]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">9.0 6.2 6.9 6.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFC81FB83FC8BA551" box="[850,892,1146,1291]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">8.8 6.1 7.0 6.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFBC0FB83FBBCA551" box="[1043,1099,1146,1291]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">- 6.9 7.0 6.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C45DF4D65F4FDFFB33FB83FAFDA551" box="[1248,1290,1146,1291]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">9.1 6.4 6.7 6.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65FB025FF14FAB6FB79A63F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1359,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
The new species described here was collected in the deep zone of the cave where there are no circadian fluctuations in temperature, and with the subterranean river flowing through the cave the relative humidity is almost constant throughout the year. Furthermore, the presence of troglomorphic features such as the ocular tubercle nearly obsolete and the small size of median eyes, the lack of pigmentation, and reduced sclerotization suggest a close association of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FE3FFA18FDBEA5A2" box="[492,585,1505,1528]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FE3FFA18FDBEA5A2" box="[492,585,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">P. perrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the cave environment. In addition, environmental conditions outside the cave are very different than in the depths, with marked seasonality in temperature and rainfall making it unlikely for this species to survive outside the cave. However, further collection efforts in and around the cave are needed in order to correctly assess the ecological association of this species to the cave environment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36CAD65FB026FF14F996FA61A147" blockId="5.[151,1437,1359,2033]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="480" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FF14F996FECCA6D2" bold="true" box="[199,315,1647,1672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FE91F996FE28A6D2" box="[322,479,1647,1672]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="noeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FE91F996FE28A6D2" box="[322,479,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Phrynus noeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is cited as the only species in the genus with elongation of the legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65FB025FB36F989FF24A6F6" author="Armas" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" refString="Armas, L. F. & Perez, A. (1994) Description of the first troglobitic species of the genus Phrynus (Amblypygi: Phrynidae) from Cuba. Avicennia, 1, 7 - 11." type="journal article" year="1994">Armas & Perez, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a common troglomorphisms in troglobitic arthropods, and the authors used this as another argument to support their initial interpretation that it is a troglobitic species adapted to the cavernicolous environment. However, comparisons with other species of the genus revealed no differences in the relative length of the appendices among other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FDF2F906FD89A742" box="[545,638,1791,1816]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FDF2F906FD89A742" box="[545,638,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Phrynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FD2FF906FC57A742" box="[764,928,1791,1816]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Phrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FD2FF906FC57A742" box="[764,928,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Phrynus perrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Something similar happens within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FF44F8DDFEDEA767" box="[151,297,1828,1853]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Paraphrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FF44F8DDFEDEA767" box="[151,297,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Paraphrynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, comparing between epigean versus troglomorphic species, watching only a slight difference in the elongation of appendages of some of the troglomorphic species. Nevertheless, examining material from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E8868D65FB025FABFF8B0FA6BA73B" box="[1388,1436,1865,1889]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">type</typeStatus>
|
||
localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FEF6F895FDDAA7DF" box="[293,557,1900,1925]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Paraphrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacmool">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FEF6F895FDDAA7DF" box="[293,557,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Paraphrynus chacmool</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C254D49D65FB025FDB5F895FCA4A7DF" box="[614,851,1900,1925]" class="Arachnida" family="Phrynidae" genus="Paraphrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amblypygi" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiztun">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65FB025FDB5F895FCA4A7DF" box="[614,851,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="479">Paraphrynus chiztun</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not exhibit an elongation proportionately longer in contrast to the author of both species mentioned, “The limbs, notably the first walking legs, are also proportionately longer” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65FB025FE7DF84DFDA8A796" author="Rowland" box="[430,607,1972,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" refString="Rowland, J. M. (1973) Two new troglobitic Amblypygida of the genus Tarantula from Mexican caves (Arachnida). Bulletin of the Association for Mexican Caves Studies, 5, 123 - 128." type="journal article" year="1973">Rowland, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This happens often with troglobitic species descriptions, mentioning the elongation of these appendages, where no comparative reference is given (see,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65FB025FBE2F821FA60A7AA" author="Cokendolpher" box="[1073,1431,2008,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="479" refString="Cokendolpher, J. C. & Sissom, W. D. (2001) A new troglobitic Paraphrynus from Oaxaca (Amblypygi: Phrynidae). Texas Memorial Museum, Speleological Monographs, 5, 17 - 23." type="journal article" year="2001">Cokendolpher & Sissom, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65CB026FF44FF6EFE3DA0EA" author="Baptista" box="[151,458,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="480" refString="Baptista, R. L. C. & Giupponi, A. P. L. (2002) A new troglomorphic Charinus from Brazil (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 6, 105 - 110." type="journal article" year="2002">Baptista & Giupponi, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B3BD65CB026FE06FF6EFCFEA0EA" author="Baptista" box="[469,777,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="480" refString="Baptista, R. L. C. & Giupponi, A. P. L. (2003) A new troglomorphic Charinus from Minas Gerais state, Brazil (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 7, 79 - 84." type="journal article" year="2003">Baptista & Giupponi, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hence, in amblypygids, the elongation of the appendages is not useful for assessing adaptation to caves,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAD8D65CB026FD4CFF44FD30A08E" box="[671,711,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="480">i. e.</emphasis>
|
||
, it does not appear as a distinctive troglomorphism. It is possible that leg length in amblypygids is under the same selective pressures inside and outside the caves, and an increase in leg length in troglobites would not make them any faster in their escape responses or in their prey-catching efforts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |