772 lines
84 KiB
XML
772 lines
84 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093178" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a061fa8-3220-4701-b56e-7cf547917165" ID-ISSN="1860-1324" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5093178" approvalRequired="7" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="6" approvalRequired_for_treatments="1" checkinTime="1624632884257" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Schulz, Tina & van Nieukerken, Erik J." docDate="2020" docId="0380E9134550884DFF7F6D014F8DA441" docLanguage="en" docName="EntomolZ.130.3.143-147.pdf" docOrigin="Entomologische Zeitschrift: mit Insektenbörse 130 (3)" docTitle="Bohemannia auriciliella" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="146" masterDocId="FFB9916B4550884EFFF568414A77A72E" masterDocTitle="The elusive pygmy moth Bohemannia auriciliella (De Joannis, 1909): overview of its distribution, with new records for Germany and Bulgaria (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="143" pageNumber="143" updateTime="1652359112129" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The elusive pygmy moth Bohemannia auriciliella (De Joannis, 1909): overview of its distribution, with new records for Germany and Bulgaria (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schulz, Tina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Unter dem Sportplatz 15, D- 31552 Rodenberg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">t.s.r@gmx.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>van Nieukerken, Erik J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">nieukerken@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Entomologische Zeitschrift: mit Insektenbörse</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2020-12-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>130</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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<mods:start>143</mods:start>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093178</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">4a061fa8-3220-4701-b56e-7cf547917165</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1860-1324</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5093178</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5032401" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183501684" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5032401" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0380E9134550884DFF7F6D014F8DA441" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0380E9134550884DFF7F6D014F8DA441" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[138,311,1344,1376]" box="[138,311,1344,1376]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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<heading box="[138,311,1344,1376]" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Introduction</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="0.[137,586,1400,2127]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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The pygmy moths (
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<taxonomicName box="[345,490,1400,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nepticulidae</taxonomicName>
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) include some of the smallest moths in the world. In some species the winglength measures just over one millimetre (
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<bibRefCitation accessDate="2019-12-12" author="GARCIA-BARROS, E. & KIMSEY, L. & CONSTANTINO, L. M. & NIEUKERKEN, E. J. van & SOBCZYK, T. & LEES, D. C. & J. R. STONIS" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" publicationUrl="https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_smallest_moth_in_the_World" refId="ref3607" refString="GARCIA-BARROS, E., KIMSEY, L., CONSTANTINO, L. M., NIEUKERKEN, E. J. van, SOBCZYK, T., LEES, D. C. & J. R. STONIS 2017. What is the smallest moth in the world? In. ResearchGate (www. researchgate. net). URL: https: // www. researchgate. net / post / What _ is _ the _ smallest _ moth _ in _ the _ World (Accessed 12. XII. 2019)" title="What is the smallest moth in the world?" type="url" year="2017">GARCÍA-BARROS et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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). Consistent with theirtiny size, little is known about the biology and distribution of many species, although the larval leafmines of the majorityof species are quite characteristic and more often found thanthe moths. Especiallywhenthe caterpillars do not make such mines, the distribution maps showstill manygaps as few people collect or photograph these tiny insects. Despite of being described over a hundred years ago, and being a relatively large nepticulid species (wingspan 6–7 mm), knowledge about the distribution of thespecies
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[137,586,1400,2127]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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<taxonomicName authority="(DE JOANNIS, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Bohemannia auriciliella</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="DE JOANNIS, J. DE" box="[222,415,1976,1999]" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="689 - 838" part="77" refId="ref3838" refString="DE JOANNIS, J. DE 1909. Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 77 (4): 689 - 838." title="Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan" type="journal article" year="1909">DE JOANNIS, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[137,586,1400,2127]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">in Europeonly increased in thepast five decades. Including the new records presented here, 28 specimens of this species are now known from throughout Europe.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="0.[616,978,1339,1371]" box="[616,978,1339,1371]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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<heading bold="true" box="[616,978,1339,1371]" fontSize="13" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" reason="0">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[616,978,1339,1371]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Discovery and distribution</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[613,1061,1399,1711]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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It all starts in the year 1909 when
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<taxonomicName authorityName="DE JOANNIS" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Nepticula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Nepticula auriciliella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described by J. DE JOANNIS on
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<specimenCount box="[755,884,1464,1487]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
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specimen, collected in Vannes byhisbrother L. DE JOANNIS during the 17 preceding years (France, département Morbihan). Thespecies was more or less forgotten for 70 years, and
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<bibRefCitation author="KLIMESCH, J." box="[615,809,1624,1647]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 3 e Serie, Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="861 - 866" part="231" refId="ref3870" refString="KLIMESCH, J. 1975. Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen einiger Nepticuliden-Typen der Sammlung des Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Lep., Nepticulidae). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 3 e Serie, Zoologie 231: 861 - 866." title="Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen einiger Nepticuliden-Typen der Sammlung des Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Lep., Nepticulidae)" type="journal article" year="1975">KLIMESCH (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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contributed to that by synonymizing it with
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<taxonomicName authority="(BOHEMAN, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="BOHEMAN" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Bohemanniaquadrimaculella</emphasis>
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(BOHEMAN, 1853)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[613,1062,1752,2191]" lastBlockId="0.[1090,1537,600,655]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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Around the same time, another specimen was discovered in Kent (
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<collectingCountry box="[890,1049,1784,1807]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
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). The well-known British Microlepidoptera specialist MAITLAND EMMET publishedthe find by E.S. BRADFORD in 1974 as a new species,
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<taxonomicName authority="EMMET, 1974" authorityName=", EMMET" authorityYear="1974" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradfordi">
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<emphasis box="[717,961,1912,1935]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Ectoedemia bradfordi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="EMMET, A. M." journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="269 - 273" part="25" refId="ref3469" refString="EMMET, A. M. 1974. Ectoedemia bradfordi sp. nov (Lep., Nepticulidae), a hitherto undescribed species occurring in Kent. Entomologist's Gazette 25: 269 - 273." title="Ectoedemia bradfordi sp. nov (Lep., Nepticulidae), a hitherto undescribed species occurring in Kent" type="journal article" year="1974">EMMET, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, also based on the advice of JOSEF KLIMESCH, who did not see the resemblance with JOANNIS’
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<typeStatus box="[860,909,2008,2031]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">type</typeStatus>
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that he must have seen before. The secondspecimenof “
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<taxonomicName authorityName=", EMMET" authorityYear="1974" box="[624,843,2072,2095]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradfordi">
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<emphasis box="[624,843,2072,2095]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Ectoedemia bradfordi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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” wasfoundamongst unidentified material in the collection of the Zoological Museum Amsterdam, caught already in
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<quantity box="[824,911,2168,2191]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.904739999999999" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="1931.0">1931 in</quantity>
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Hatert, near Nijmegen (
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<collectingCountry box="[1204,1340,600,623]" name="Netherlands" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="104 - 112" part="42" refId="ref4241" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1982. New and rare Nepticulidae in the Netherlands (Lepidoptera). Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam 42: 104 - 112." title="New and rare Nepticulidae in the Netherlands (Lepidoptera)" type="journal article" year="1982">VAN NIEUKERKEN 1982</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="0.[1090,1539,696,1647]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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Eventually, in 1986, the second author discovered the synonymy of the male
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<taxonomicName authority="EMMET, 1974" authorityName=", EMMET" authorityYear="1974" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradfordi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Ectoedemia bradfordi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="EMMET, A. M." box="[1298,1441,760,783]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="269 - 273" part="25" refId="ref3469" refString="EMMET, A. M. 1974. Ectoedemia bradfordi sp. nov (Lep., Nepticulidae), a hitherto undescribed species occurring in Kent. Entomologist's Gazette 25: 269 - 273." title="Ectoedemia bradfordi sp. nov (Lep., Nepticulidae), a hitherto undescribed species occurring in Kent" type="journal article" year="1974">EMMET, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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with the female
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<taxonomicName authority="DE JOANNIS, 1909" authorityName="DE JOANNIS" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Nepticula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
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<emphasis box="[1172,1396,792,815]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Nepticula auriciliella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="DE JOANNIS, J. DE" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="689 - 838" part="77" refId="ref3838" refString="DE JOANNIS, J. DE 1909. Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 77 (4): 689 - 838." title="Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan" type="journal article" year="1909">DE JOANNIS, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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basedon externals, and recombined it with
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<taxonomicName authority="STAINTON, 1859" authorityName="STAINTON" authorityYear="1859" box="[1167,1481,856,879]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1167,1302,856,879]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Bohemannia</emphasis>
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STAINTON, 1859
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 27" part="17" refId="ref4271" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1986 a. A provisional phylogenetic check-list of the western palaearctic Nepticulidae, with data on hostplants (Lepidoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica 17 (1): 1 - 27." title="A provisional phylogenetic check-list of the western palaearctic Nepticulidae, with data on hostplants (Lepidoptera)" type="journal article" year="1986">VAN NIEUKERKEN 1986a</bibRefCitation>
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). Soon thereafter he found an additional old specimen in the Copenhagen collection: a female moth from Southampton, accidentally reared in 1937 by W. FASSNIDGE (VAN
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<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="207 - 208" part="37" refId="ref4310" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1986 b. A second British specimen of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (= bradfordi EMMET) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) and its possible host. Entomologist's Gazette 37: 207 - 208." title="A second British specimen of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (= bradfordi EMMET) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) and its possible host" type="journal article" year="1986">NIEUKERKEN 1986b</bibRefCitation>
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). Step by step, more specimens were found. The
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<collectingCountry box="[1291,1430,1080,1103]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" value="Netherlands">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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followed withtwomore records fromthe year 1988 (Meijnweg and Mariapeel). In the next decadeactive Britishand Dutchcollectors found more specimens: 1993 (Lover, South Wiltshire), Twello and Wageningen-Hoog (Gelderland 1996), and two moths from Gietelo (Gelderland) at the turn of the millennium. Additional records from
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<collectingCountry box="[1092,1237,1368,1391]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
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presumably document the activity of British microlepidopterists: moths were found in 2001 (Berkshire), 2003 (Hampshire), 2010 (Surrey), 2011 (Buckinghamshire), 2014 (Suffolk), 2015 (Southend-on-Sea) andreached the point of culmination in 2017 with three new records (Gloucestershire, Buckinghamshire and Worcestershire).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="0.[1091,1538,1688,2063]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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Nevertheless, after 2000 thespecies also shows up in other European countries. In 2003 it appears in
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<collectingCountry box="[1304,1393,1752,1775]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" value="Czech Republic">Czechia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="LISKA, J. & LASTUVKA, A. & LASTUVKA, Z. & PETRU, M. & J. VAVRA" journalOrPublisher="Klapalekiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="81 - 83" part="41" refId="ref4159" refString="LISKA, J., LASTUVKA, A., LASTUVKA, Z., PETRU, M. & J. VAVRA 2005. Faunistic records from the Czech Republic. 182. Lepidoptera. Klapalekiana 41: 81 - 83." title="Faunistic records from the Czech Republic. 182. Lepidoptera" type="journal article" year="2005">LIŠKA et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
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), and
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<quantity box="[1221,1308,1784,1807]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.097779999999999" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="2007.0">2007 in</quantity>
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<collectingCountry box="[1314,1447,1784,1807]" name="Switzerland" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
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(SWISS-LEPTEAM 2010). The first record for
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<collectingCountry name="Bulgaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" value="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
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is made in 2002 (Burgas;
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
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, leg. JARI JUNNILAINEN), here published for the first time, a second French specimen was collected in the Pyrenees (2010), and two new specimens were recently found in the
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<collectingCountry box="[1315,1453,2008,2031]" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" value="Netherlands">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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(2015, 2018), here recorded (
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<tableCitation box="[1335,1417,2040,2063]" captionStart="Tab" captionStartId="2.[138,174,218,240]" captionTargetBox="[146,1524,299,1667]" captionTargetId="graphics-117@2.[138,1536,286,1677]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Tab. 1. Synopsis of reCords of Bohemannia auriciliella (DE JOANNIS,1909), listed more or less ChronologiCally, grouped by Country. GeographiC Coordinates Were in most instanCes derived from Google Earth." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF56088D4552884CFF7F689B48E2A625" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" tableUuid="DF56088D4552884CFF7F689B48E2A625">Table 1</tableCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[1429,1493,2040,2063]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[176,206,2143,2165]" captionTargetBox="[176,1098,1311,2124]" captionTargetId="figure-714@3.[173,1101,1311,2124]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 5. Map shoWing the reCords of Bohemannia auriciliella (DE JOANNIS,1909) in Europe. Map made With ArCGis softWare." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5093186/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[1090,1537,2104,2191]" lastBlockId="1.[175,624,1272,2031]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
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Inthelight of thesedata,
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<collectingCountry box="[1363,1537,2104,2127]" name="Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" value="Germany">Germanywould</collectingCountry>
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perfectly fit in the distribution. Inthis paper the long awaited record is reported: on the 13th of
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<date box="[331,443,1272,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" value="2018-06">June 2018</date>
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<specimenCount box="[448,622,1272,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="generic">one specimenof</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[175,432,1304,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
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<emphasis box="[175,432,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Bohemannia auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected on a sheet with 160 W mixed light,
|
||
<date box="[533,595,1336,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" value="2018-10-02">2 x 18</date>
|
||
W black light,
|
||
<date box="[299,359,1368,1391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" value="2020-10-02">2x 20</date>
|
||
Wsuperactinic light during a public mothing event in the Eilenriede, the city forest of Hannover. There, aroundthe “Waldstation” (which isa place to learn more about the forest‘s ecosystem) the biotope
|
||
<typeStatus box="[364,411,1528,1551]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">type</typeStatus>
|
||
can be classified as “Bodensaurer Buchenwald” (literally “beech forest on acidic soil”), with a tree ageof 65–130 years. Other treesoccurring there, besides
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[329,435,1656,1679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">European</collectingRegion>
|
||
beech (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvatica">Fagus sylvatica</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[256,366,1688,1711]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), are Scots pine (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvestris">Pinus sylvestris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[281,383,1720,1743]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[398,502,1720,1743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">European</collectingRegion>
|
||
spruce (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abies">Picea abies</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[278,381,1752,1775]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[398,563,1752,1775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Europeanlarch</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decidua">Larix decidua</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[301,407,1784,1807]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), oaks (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[495,622,1784,1807]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[495,584,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[176,285,1816,1839]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[304,413,1816,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">European</collectingRegion>
|
||
black alder (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">Alnus glutinosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S.F.Gray" authorityYear="1822" box="[286,411,1848,1871]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Silver birch (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A.W.Roth" authorityYear="1788" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pendula">Betula pendula</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S.F.Gray" authorityYear="1822" box="[307,433,1880,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and Douglas fir (
|
||
<emphasis box="[187,432,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[187,429,1911,1935]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[439,545,1912,1935]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Since a few ponds have been laid out in close proximity to the “Waldstation”, the air humidity is relatively high.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5093180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5093180/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" startId="1.[900,937,760,782]" targetBox="[176,1575,214,1181]" targetPageId="1">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[900,1575,760,864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
Figs 1, 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(DE JOANNIS, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[985,1375,760,782]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
Bohemanniaauriciliella (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="DE JOANNIS, J. DE" box="[1207,1370,760,782]" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" pagination="689 - 838" part="77" refId="ref3838" refString="DE JOANNIS, J. DE 1909. Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 77 (4): 689 - 838." title="Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan" type="journal article" year="1909">DE JOANNIS, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 1. Female, Hannover, 13. June 2018, TLMF Lep 25991 (Photo:
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="SCHULZ" authorityName="SCHULZ" box="[1449,1566,787,809]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Tina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">TINA SCHULZ</taxonomicName>
|
||
). 2.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male, Netherlands, Noord-Brabant, Riethoven, 26 June 2015, RMNH. INS.25160. SCale bar 1 mm (Photo: ERIK VAN NIEUKERKEN).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[176,592,2085,2117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[176,592,2085,2117]" box="[176,592,2085,2117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[176,592,2085,2117]" fontSize="13" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[176,592,2085,2117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Molecular analysis (Barcoding)</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[175,622,2136,2191]" lastBlockId="1.[651,1099,1272,1871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3766519301" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://dx.doi.org/10.5883/BOLD:ACG8823" location="Bohemannia" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" specimenCount="3">
|
||
Asampleof the Hanoverian
|
||
<specimenCount box="[474,576,2136,2159]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="generic">specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
was sequenced by the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding (Guelph). The result was very surprising, and was confirmed by EvN whom TS sent a photoof themothper email. Three other
|
||
<specimenCount box="[868,985,1368,1391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="generic">specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were barcoded in Leiden according to procedures as described before (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="DOORENWEERD, C. & NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN & R. J. B. HOARE" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" pagination="267 - 287" part="42" refId="ref3405" refString="DOORENWEERD, C., NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN & R. J. B. HOARE 2016. Phylogeny, classification and divergence times of pygmy leaf-mining moths (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae): the earliest lepidopteran radiation on Angiosperms? Systematic Entomology 42 (1): 267 - 287. doi: 10.1111 / syen. 12212." title="Phylogeny, classification and divergence times of pygmy leaf-mining moths (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae): the earliest lepidopteran radiation on Angiosperms?" type="journal article" year="2016">DOORENWEERD et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN & DOORENWEERD, C. & STOKVIS, F. R. & D. S. J. GROENENBERG" box="[720,1026,1464,1487]" journalOrPublisher="Contributions to Zoology" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" pagination="1 - 24" part="81" refId="ref4574" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN, DOORENWEERD, C., STOKVIS, F. R. & D. S. J. GROENENBERG 2012. DNA barcoding of the leaf-mining moth subgenus Ectoedemia s. str. (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) with COI and EF 1 - α: two are better than one in recognising cryptic species. Contributions to Zoology 81 (1): 1 - 24. doi: 10.1163 / 18759866 - 08101001" title="DNA barcoding of the leaf-mining moth subgenus Ectoedemia s. str. (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) with COI and EF 1 - α: two are better than one in recognising cryptic species" type="journal article" year="2012">VAN NIEUKERKEN et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In all now
|
||
<specimenCount box="[705,869,1496,1519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
have been barcoded, and all show almost the same sequence, with Barcode Identification Number BOLD:
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[727,834,1592,1615]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">ACG8823</accessionNumber>
|
||
, and a maximal distance of 0.16 %. The records can be seen on the BOLD Website: http://dx.doi.org/10.5883 /BOLD:
|
||
<accessionNumber box="[734,843,1688,1711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">ACG8823</accessionNumber>
|
||
. The Nearest Neighbour interestingly is the unrelated
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="CLARK, 1971" authorityName="CLARK" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Gonionota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amauroptera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Gonionota amauroptera</emphasis>
|
||
CLARK, 1971
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Depressariidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Depressariidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[758,867,1784,1807]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" value="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Thebarcode distance to other known
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[841,981,1816,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[841,981,1816,1839]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0380E9134550884DFF7F6D014F8DA441:8EF60EDE4551884FFCBC6F5949A2A001" box="[841,981,1816,1839]" country="Argentina" name="Bohemannia" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Bohemannia</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is always larger than 15 %
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[652,815,1925,1957]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[652,815,1925,1957]" box="[652,815,1925,1957]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[652,815,1925,1957]" fontSize="13" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[652,815,1925,1957]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Recognition</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[652,1100,1976,2191]" lastBlockId="1.[1127,1576,1272,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[652,907,1976,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[652,907,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Bohemanniaauriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[919,1011,1976,1999]" captionStart="Figs 1, 2" captionStartId="1.[900,937,760,782]" captionTargetBox="[176,1575,214,1181]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 1, 2. Bohemannia auriciliella (DE JOANNIS,1909). 1. Female, Hannover,13. June 2018,TLMF Lep 25991 (Photo:TINA SCHULZ). 2. Male,Netherlands, Noord-Brabant,Riethoven, 26 June 2015, RMNH. INS.25160.SCale bar 1mm (Photo: ERIK VAN NIEUKERKEN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5093180/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) is relatively easy to recognise. It is one of the medium large
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[811,950,2040,2063]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nepticulidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a yellow head, wingspan
|
||
<quantity box="[845,939,2072,2095]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, collar rather small withlamellar scales (as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[997,1097,2104,2127]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Stigmella</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) andscape (eyecap) withthe posteriorquarter grey (but thisis notthe case in
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1156,1285,1272,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
) and a relatively long antenna with 44–53 segments in male,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.271" metricValueMax="9.652" metricValueMin="8.89" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="in" value="36.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="35.0">35– 38</quantity>
|
||
in female. The forewing has a silver fascia beyond the middle, sometimes broken in two spots, and a brassy basal quarter.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="BOHEMAN" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1217,1523,1432,1455]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1217,1523,1432,1455]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Bohemannia quadrimaculella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BOHEMAN, 1853) is larger, 7.0–
|
||
<quantity box="[1430,1508,1464,1487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wingspan, has a uniform scape, antenna white tippedand forewingwithouta brassy base. Only some
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1250,1432,1560,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1250,1350,1560,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Stigmella</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a scape withadark edge, males of themuchsmaller
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(STAINTON, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="STAINTON" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1156,1484,1624,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1156,1285,1624,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">S. betulicola</emphasis>
|
||
(STAINTON, 1856)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(STAINTON, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="STAINTON" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alnetella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">S. alnetella</emphasis>
|
||
(STAINTON, 1856)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(ZELLER, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="ZELLER" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[1130,1439,1688,1711]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1130,1271,1688,1711]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">S. lemniscella</emphasis>
|
||
(ZELLER, 1839)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but that has a black headand black androconialscales onthe hindwing. Seealso
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN & R. JOHANSSON" editor="JOHANSSON, R. & NIELSEN, E. S. & NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN & B. GUSTAFSSON" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" pagination="239 - 321" part="23" refId="ref4387" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN & R. JOHANSSON 1990. Tribus Trifurculini. In: JOHANSSON, R., NIELSEN, E. S., NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN & B. GUSTAFSSON (eds.). The Nepticulidae and Opostegidae (Lepidoptera) of NW Europe. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 23: 239 - 321." title="Tribus Trifurculini" type="journal article" volumeTitle="The Nepticulidae and Opostegidae (Lepidoptera) of NW Europe" year="1990">VAN NIEUKERKEN & JOHANSSON (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LASTUVKA, A. & Z. LASTUVKA" bookContentInfo="229 pp." journalOrPublisher="Konvoj, Brno" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" refId="ref4100" refString="LASTUVKA, A. & Z. LASTUVKA 1997. Nepticulidae Mitteleuropas. Ein illustrierter Begleiter (Lepidoptera). 229 pp. Konvoj, Brno." title="Nepticulidae Mitteleuropas. Ein illustrierter Begleiter (Lepidoptera)" type="book" year="1997">LAŠTŮVKA & LAŠTŮVKA (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, also for genitalia illustrations. Themalegenitaliaare very characteristic (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1237,1298,1880,1903]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[1333,1363,1723,1745]" captionTargetBox="[614,1314,1719,2186]" captionTargetId="figure-942@2.[614,1313,1719,2186]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3. Male genitalia of Bohemannia auriciliella (DE JOANNIS, 1909).3a. Ventral vieW. 3b. FoCussed more dorsally.Genitalia slide EvN5160, RMNH.INS.25160. SCale bars 100μm (Photo:ERIK VAN NIEUKERKEN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5093182/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), thefemale genitalialack the characteristic signa of most related species, theterminal segmentsof
|
||
<typeStatus pageId="1" pageNumber="144">theholotype</typeStatus>
|
||
are illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1366,1430,1976,1999]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[894,924,218,240]" captionTargetBox="[186,874,256,583]" captionTargetId="figure-716@3.[176,878,214,591]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Female genitalia of Bohemannia auriciliella (DE JOAN- NIS,1909), Holotype. Only the terminal segments are illustrated, as the bursa did not shoW any detail. 4a. Dorsal vieW. 4b. FoCussed more ventrally.Genitalia slide KL0720 (Photo: ERIK VAN NIEUKERKEN)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5093184/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1129,1276,2053,2085]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[1129,1276,2053,2085]" box="[1129,1276,2053,2085]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[1129,1276,2053,2085]" fontSize="13" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1129,1276,2053,2085]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[1127,1575,2104,2191]" lastBlockId="3.[175,623,632,815]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
|
||
Considering the small size of this species and theonlyfewinterested partiesfor very small moths like
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1303,1441,2168,2191]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nepticulidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it seemsnot so astonishing that
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Bohemannia auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was discovered relatively late in Germany. Yet this has more reasons. There remains still someuncertaintyconcerning thehost plant and especiallytheimmature stages. What we know for sure is that adults occurbetweenlate Mayand August, with most records from June and early July. Thehost plant is thought tobe birch, mostly because the collection label of W. FASSNIDGE‘S specimen says it was reared from birch.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="EMMET, A. M." box="[360,528,2072,2095]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="116" part="38" refId="ref3578" refString="EMMET, A. M. 1987. Possible feeding habits of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae). Entomologist's Gazette 38: 116." title="Possible feeding habits of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)" type="journal article" year="1987">EMMET (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested a scenario that FASSNIDGE reared themoth onlyaccidentally from branches collected to get
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tengstrom" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[342,585,2167,2191]" class="Insecta" family="Incurvariidae" genus="Lampronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[342,585,2167,2191]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Lampronia fuscatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(TENGSTRÖM, 1848), which lives in twig galls in birch. Unfortunately, there are no further notes by FASSNIDGE to enlighten this case. This was the exclusive record of a larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[287,429,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,429,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">B. auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; since then it has not been found again.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="DF56088D4552884CFF7F689B48E2A625" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF56088D4552884CFF7F689B48E2A625" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" startId="2.[138,174,218,240]" targetBox="[146,1524,299,1667]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[138,1495,218,267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[138,200,218,240]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Tab. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Synopsis of reCords of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(DE JOANNIS, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[410,798,218,240]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[410,621,218,240]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Bohemannia auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="DE JOANNIS, J. DE" box="[632,793,218,240]" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="689 - 838" part="77" refId="ref3838" refString="DE JOANNIS, J. DE 1909. Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 77 (4): 689 - 838." title="Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan" type="journal article" year="1909">DE JOANNIS, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, listed more or less ChronologiCally, grouped by Country. GeographiC Coordinates Were in most instanCes derived from Google Earth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<table box="[146,1524,299,1667]" gridcols="6" gridrows="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,299,348]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,299,348]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[146,312,299,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Country, Location</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[502,654,299,348]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[502,546,299,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Date</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[673,754,299,348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Number, Sex</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[773,921,299,348]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[773,886,299,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Coordinates</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[939,1111,299,348]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[939,1023,299,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Collector</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[1128,1524,299,348]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Note/ References</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,369,390]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,369,390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">F, Morbihan:Vannes</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,369,390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">23.VI.(before 1909)</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,369,390]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♀</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,369,390]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">47.67N 2.73W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,369,390]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.DE JOANNIS</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,369,390]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
Holotype,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="DE JOANNIS, J. DE" box="[1211,1349,369,389]" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="689 - 838" part="77" refId="ref3838" refString="DE JOANNIS, J. DE 1909. Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 77 (4): 689 - 838." title="Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan" type="journal article" year="1909">DE JOANNIS 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,411,432]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,411,432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">F, Pyrenées Or.: Caixas,La Serre</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,411,432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">29.V.–19.VI.2010</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,411,432]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♀</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,411,432]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">42.582 N 2.6765E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,411,432]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">B. WIKSTRÖM</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,411,432]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">RMNH.INS.25199,NeW reCord</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,453,474]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,453,474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Gelderland:Hatert, near Nijmegen</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,453,474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">21.VI.1931</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,453,474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,453,474]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.804N 5.828E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,453,474]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">LYCKLAMA à NIJEHOLT</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,453,474]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
RMNH.INS.20115,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" box="[1277,1459,453,473]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="104 - 112" part="42" refId="ref4241" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1982. New and rare Nepticulidae in the Netherlands (Lepidoptera). Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam 42: 104 - 112." title="New and rare Nepticulidae in the Netherlands (Lepidoptera)" type="journal article" year="1982">VAN NIEUKERKEN 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" box="[1466,1517,453,473]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="207 - 208" part="37" refId="ref4310" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1986 b. A second British specimen of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (= bradfordi EMMET) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) and its possible host. Entomologist's Gazette 37: 207 - 208." title="A second British specimen of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (= bradfordi EMMET) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) and its possible host" type="journal article" year="1986">1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,495,516]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,495,516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Limburg: Mariapeel, near Helenaveen</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,495,516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">17.VI.1988</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,495,516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♀</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,495,516]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.403N 5.92E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,495,516]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.H. KUCHLEIN</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,495,516]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">KUCHLEIN et al. 2000</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,538,558]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,538,558]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Limburg: MeijnWeg</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,538,558]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">9.VII.1988</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,538,558]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,538,558]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.173N 6.125E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,538,558]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">G.R.LANGOHR</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,538,558]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN & GIELIS, C. & HUISMAN, K. J. & KOSTER, J. C. & VAN DER WOLF, H. W. & J. B. WOLSCHRIJN" box="[1128,1352,538,558]" journalOrPublisher="Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="47 - 62" part="5" refId="ref4453" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN, GIELIS, C., HUISMAN, K. J., KOSTER, J. C., VAN DER WOLF, H. W. & J. B. WOLSCHRIJN 1993. Nieuwe en interessante Microlepidoptera uit Nederland (Lepidoptera). [New and interesting Microlepidoptera from The Netherlands (Lepidoptera)] Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen 5: 47 - 62." title="Nieuwe en interessante Microlepidoptera uit Nederland (Lepidoptera). [New and interesting Microlepidoptera from The Netherlands (Lepidoptera)]" type="journal article" year="1993">VAN NIEUKERKEN et al. 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,580,600]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,580,600]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Gelderland:TWello</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,580,600]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">10.VII.1996</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,580,600]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,580,600]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">52.2426N 6.1084E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,580,600]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.B.WOLSCHRIJN</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,580,600]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="KUCHLEIN, J. H. & BOT, L. E. J. & J. B. WOLSCHRIJN" box="[1128,1296,580,600]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="36 - 38" part="60" refId="ref3915" refString="KUCHLEIN, J. H., BOT, L. E. J. & J. B. WOLSCHRIJN 2000. Two additional records of Bohemannia auriciliella from The Netherlands (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae). Entomologische Berichten 60 (2): 36 - 38." title="Two additional records of Bohemannia auriciliella from The Netherlands (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)" type="journal article" year="2000">KUCHLEIN et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,622,642]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,622,642]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Gelderland:Wageningen-Hoog</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,622,642]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">12.VII.1996</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,622,642]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,622,642]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.988N 5.6892E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,622,642]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.H. KUCHLEIN</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,622,642]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">pers.Comm.J.KUCHLEIN</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,664,684]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,664,684]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Gelderland:Gietelo</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,664,684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">11.VI.2000</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,664,684]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♀</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,664,684]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">52.183N 6.139E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,664,684]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.B.WOLSCHRIJN</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,664,684]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">WOLSCHRIJN & KUCHLEIN 2001</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,706,726]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,706,726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Gelderland:Gietelo</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,706,726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">16.VI.2000</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,706,726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,706,726]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">52.183N 6.139E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,706,726]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.B.WOLSCHRIJN</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,706,726]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
RMNH.INS.23747,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="WOLSCHRIJN, J. B. & J. H. KUCHLEIN" box="[1277,1524,706,726]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="132" part="61" refId="ref4743" refString="WOLSCHRIJN, J. B. & J. H. KUCHLEIN 2001. Two more findings of Bohemannia auriciliella from The Netherlands (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae). Entomologische Berichten 61 (9): 132." title="Two more findings of Bohemannia auriciliella from The Netherlands (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)" type="journal article" year="2001">WOLSCHRIJN & KUCHLEIN 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,748,768]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,748,768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Noord-Brabant: Bergeijk, Riethoven</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,748,768]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">26.VI.2015</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,748,768]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,748,768]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.375N 5.422E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,748,768]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">F.GROENEN</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,748,768]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">RMNH.INS.25160,NeW reCord</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,790,810]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,790,810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">NL, Gelderland:Wageningen-Hoog</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,790,810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">12.VI.2018</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,790,810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,790,810]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.988N 5.6892E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,790,810]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.H. KUCHLEIN</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,790,810]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">pers.Comm.J.KUCHLEIN</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,832,879]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,832,879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,Kent (VC15): Childs Forstal Wood, East Blean</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,832,879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">7.VII.1973</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,832,879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,832,879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.337N 1.123E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,832,879]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">E.S.BRADFORD</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,832,879]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
Holotype
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", EMMET 1974" authorityName=", EMMET" authorityYear="1974" box="[1207,1409,832,852]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bradfordi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1207,1303,832,852]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">E.bradfordi,</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="EMMET, A. M." box="[1306,1409,832,852]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="269 - 273" part="25" refId="ref3469" refString="EMMET, A. M. 1974. Ectoedemia bradfordi sp. nov (Lep., Nepticulidae), a hitherto undescribed species occurring in Kent. Entomologist's Gazette 25: 269 - 273." title="Ectoedemia bradfordi sp. nov (Lep., Nepticulidae), a hitherto undescribed species occurring in Kent" type="journal article" year="1974">EMMET 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" box="[1128,1318,859,879]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="1 - 27" part="17" refId="ref4271" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1986 a. A provisional phylogenetic check-list of the western palaearctic Nepticulidae, with data on hostplants (Lepidoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica 17 (1): 1 - 27." title="A provisional phylogenetic check-list of the western palaearctic Nepticulidae, with data on hostplants (Lepidoptera)" type="journal article" year="1986">VAN NIEUKERKEN 1986a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,900,921]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,900,921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,Hampshire (VC11): Southampton</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,900,921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">11.VII.1937</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,900,921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♀</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,900,921]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">50.90N 1.40W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,900,921]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">W.FASSNIDGE</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,900,921]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" box="[1128,1318,900,920]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="207 - 208" part="37" refId="ref4310" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1986 b. A second British specimen of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (= bradfordi EMMET) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) and its possible host. Entomologist's Gazette 37: 207 - 208." title="A second British specimen of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (= bradfordi EMMET) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) and its possible host" type="journal article" year="1986">VAN NIEUKERKEN 1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,942,962]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,942,962]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,South Wiltshire (VC8):Lover</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,942,962]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">24.VI.1993</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,942,962]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,942,962]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">50.978N 1.696W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,942,962]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">M. F.W.CORLEY</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,942,962]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">CORLEY 1994</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,984,1004]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,984,1004]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,Berkshire (VC22):Pine Wood</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,984,1004]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">22.VI.2001</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,984,1004]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,984,1004]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.385N 0.793W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,984,1004]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">D.J.GIBBS</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,984,1004]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
GIBBS 2002,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LANGMAID, J. R. & M. R. YOUNG" box="[1228,1438,984,1004]" journalOrPublisher="The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="269 - 281" part="114" refId="ref3964" refString="LANGMAID, J. R. & M. R. YOUNG 2002. Microlepidoptera Review of 2001. The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 114 (6): 269 - 281." title="Microlepidoptera Review of 2001" type="journal article" year="2002">LANGMAID & YOUNG 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1026,1073]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1026,1073]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,Hampshire (VC11): WiCkham Common</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1026,1073]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">29.VI.2003</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1026,1073]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1026,1073]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">50.894N 1.16W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1026,1073]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">R.J.DICKSON</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1026,1073]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LANGMAID, J. R. & M. R. YOUNG" box="[1128,1338,1026,1046]" journalOrPublisher="The Entomologists Record and Journal of Variation" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="193 - 214" part="116" refId="ref3999" refString="LANGMAID, J. R. & M. R. YOUNG 2004. Microlepidoptera Review of 2003. The Entomologists Record and Journal of Variation 116: (5) 193 - 214." title="Microlepidoptera Review of 2003" type="journal article" year="2004">LANGMAID & YOUNG 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1094,1115]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1094,1115]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,Surrey (VC17): Knaphill</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1094,1115]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">27.VI.2010</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1094,1115]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1094,1115]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.317N 0.615W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1094,1115]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">A.J.HALSTEAD</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1094,1115]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LANGMAID, J. R. & M. R. YOUNG" box="[1128,1338,1094,1114]" journalOrPublisher="The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="249 - 277" part="123" refId="ref4034" refString="LANGMAID, J. R. & M. R. YOUNG 2011. Microlepidoptera Review of 2010. The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 123 (6): 249 - 277." title="Microlepidoptera Review of 2010" type="journal article" year="2011">LANGMAID & YOUNG 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1136,1183]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1136,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,BuCkinghamshire (VC24):Amersham, Hodgemoor Wood</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1136,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">2.VII.2011</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1136,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1136,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.632N 0.607W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1136,1183]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">P.HALL</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1136,1183]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">HALL 2012</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1205,1225]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1205,1225]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,Suffolk (VC25):Tangham Forest</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1205,1225]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">21.VI.2014</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1205,1225]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1205,1225]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">52.075N 1.437E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1205,1225]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">A.WATSON</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1205,1225]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LANGMAID, J. R. & M. R. YOUNG" box="[1128,1338,1205,1225]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="237 - 264" part="127" refId="ref4069" refString="LANGMAID, J. R. & M. R. YOUNG 2015. Microlepidoptera Review of 2014. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 127: 237 - 264." title="Microlepidoptera Review of 2014" type="journal article" year="2015">LANGMAID & YOUNG 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1247,1293]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1247,1293]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,Essex (VC18): Southend-on-Sea, Belfairs Woods</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1247,1293]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">30.VI.2015</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1247,1293]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1247,1293]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.557N 0.635E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1247,1293]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">C.LEWIS</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1247,1293]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">LEWIS 2015</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1315,1362]" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1315,1362]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,GlouCestershire (VC34): DymoCk Wood</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1315,1362]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">19.VI.2017</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1315,1362]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1315,1362]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.953N 2.458W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1315,1362]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">G.H.J.MEREDITH</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1315,1362]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">MEREDITH 2019</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1383,1430]" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1383,1430]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,BuCkinghamshire (VC24):BernWood Forest,Hell CoppiCe</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1383,1430]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">21.VI.2017</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1383,1430]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1383,1430]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">51.788N 1.113E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1383,1430]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">P.HALL</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1383,1430]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">HALL 2019</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1452,1472]" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1452,1472]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">GB,WorCestershire (VC37):Shoulton</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1452,1472]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">22.VIII.2017</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1452,1472]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1452,1472]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">52.226N 2.288W</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1452,1472]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">P.CLEMENT</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1452,1472]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">CLEMENT 2017</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1494,1514]" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1494,1514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">BG,Burgas,40 km SE:Ropotamo</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1494,1514]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">5.VI.2002</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1494,1514]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">2♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1494,1514]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">42.27N 27.73E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1494,1514]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.JUNNILAINEN</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1494,1514]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">RMNH.INS.23932,NeW reCord</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1536,1556]" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1536,1556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">CZ, Moravia: Lanžhot, Soutok</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1536,1556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">24.V.2003</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1536,1556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♀</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1536,1556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">48.618N 16.94E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1536,1556]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">J.LIšKA</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1536,1556]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">LIšKA et al. 2005</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1578,1625]" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1578,1625]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">CH,Canton of Geneva:Jussy</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1578,1625]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">5.VI.2007</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1578,1625]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♂</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1578,1625]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">46.247N 6.288E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1578,1625]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">B.LANDRY & D. RUBINOFF</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1578,1625]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="SWISSLEPTEAM" box="[1128,1289,1578,1598]" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Helvetica" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="32 - 37" part="25" refId="ref4718" refString="SWISSLEPTEAM 2010. Die Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera) der Schweiz: Eine kommentierte, systematisch-faunistische Liste. Fauna Helvetica 25: 32 - 37." title="Die Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera) der Schweiz: Eine kommentierte, systematisch-faunistische Liste" type="journal article" year="2010">SWISSLEPTEAM 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[146,1524,1646,1667]" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<th box="[146,482,1646,1667]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">DE,NiedersaChsen: Hannover</th>
|
||
<td box="[502,654,1646,1667]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">13.VI.2018</td>
|
||
<td box="[673,754,1646,1667]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">1♀</td>
|
||
<td box="[773,921,1646,1667]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">52.3898N 9.7887E</td>
|
||
<td box="[939,1111,1646,1667]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">T.SCHULZ</td>
|
||
<td box="[1128,1524,1646,1667]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">TLMF Lep 25991,NeW reCord</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5093182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5093182/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" startId="2.[1333,1363,1723,1745]" targetBox="[614,1314,1719,2186]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[1333,1524,1723,2017]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1333,1388,1723,1745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(DE JOANNIS, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Bohemannia auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="DE JOANNIS, J. DE" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" pagination="689 - 838" part="77" refId="ref3838" refString="DE JOANNIS, J. DE 1909. Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 77 (4): 689 - 838." title="Contribution a l'etude de lepidopteres du Morbihan" type="journal article" year="1909">DE JOANNIS, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1394,1422,1805,1827]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">3a.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral vieW.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1413,1832,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">3b.</emphasis>
|
||
FoCussed more dorsally. Genitalia slide EvN5160, RMNH.INS.25160. SCale bars 100 μm (Photo: ERIK VAN NIEUKERKEN).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5093184" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5093184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5093184/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" startId="3.[894,924,218,240]" targetBox="[186,874,256,583]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[894,1095,218,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[894,949,218,240]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Bohemannia auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(DE JOANNIS, 1909), Holotype. Only the terminal segments are illustrated, as the bursa did not shoW any detail.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[894,923,436,458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">4a.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal vieW.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[894,924,463,485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">4b.</emphasis>
|
||
FoCussed more ventrally. Genitalia slide KL0720 (Photo: ERIK VAN NIEUKERKEN).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[175,623,856,1263]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
|
||
If one considers that the main method to find pygmy moths is by searching their mining tracks, it seems clear thatthemine of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[205,352,951,975]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[205,352,951,975]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">B. auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can not be easily recognised. So the larva‘s lifestyle is expected to be concealed; it is unlikely to be a leaf miner. Perhaps the larvalives inside abud orapetiole (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" box="[306,609,1080,1103]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" pagination="207 - 208" part="37" refId="ref4310" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1986 b. A second British specimen of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (= bradfordi EMMET) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) and its possible host. Entomologist's Gazette 37: 207 - 208." title="A second British specimen of Bohemannia auriciliella (JOANNIS) (= bradfordi EMMET) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) and its possible host" type="journal article" year="1986">VAN NIEUKERKENet al. 1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as it is known from a related species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(BOHEMAN, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="BOHEMAN" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Bohemannia quadrimaculella</emphasis>
|
||
(BOHEMAN, 1853)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which most likely inhabits alder buds (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="EMMET, A. M." box="[255,409,1208,1231]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" pagination="22 - 26" part="96" refId="ref3531" refString="EMMET, A. M. 1984. The feeding habits of overwintering larvae of Etainia sphendamni (HER- ING, 1937) (Lep.: Nepticulidae). Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 96 (1 - 2): 22 - 26." title="The feeding habits of overwintering larvae of Etainia sphendamni (HER- ING, 1937) (Lep.: Nepticulidae)" type="journal article" year="1984">EMMET 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" pagination="1 - 93" part="236" refId="ref4353" refString="NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN 1986 c. Systematics and Phylogeny of Holarctic Genera of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera, Heteroneura: Monotrysia). Zoologische Verhandelingen 236: 1 - 93." title="Systematics and Phylogeny of Holarctic Genera of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera, Heteroneura: Monotrysia)" type="journal article" year="1986">VAN NIEUKERKEN 1986c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[651,1100,632,1263]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
|
||
Further, it may be interesting, that one moth was beaten from birch (VAN NIEUKERKEN et al. 1993), although all other specimens were swept from different bushes orlow vegetation, orcame to light, like the Hanoverian specimen did. At least one prominent silver birch is growing approximately ten metres apart fromthe sheetwhere it was collected. Nearby there are also black alders next to the ponds‘ edges. All Dutch records are also from relatively poorsandy soils with birch commonly present. However, itisdoubtful that birch occurs at the more Mediterranean localities in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[791,887,1080,1103]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Pyrenees. Theelusive larvallife history is oneexplanation, but still
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[822,964,1143,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[822,964,1143,1167]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">B. auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is muchless frequentlyfound than
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="BOHEMAN" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[891,1090,1175,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[891,1090,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">B. quadrimaculella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, so that possiblyalso theadult is moreelusive and more difficult to find.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[1127,1576,215,879]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
|
||
Although
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1234,1374,215,239]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1234,1374,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">B. auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wasdescribed 111 years ago, its larva and lifecycle are still unknown. Furthermore, it is expected to be less scarce than it seems, as the known distributioncovers alarge part of Europe, and more andmore specimens are found, especially in countries with many active microlepidopterists. What we need, to prove this, isasuitable methodforfinding the larva. By now many
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1385,1524,504,527]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nepticulidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species can be recorded only by the larva
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1559,1564,536,559]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">'</emphasis>
|
||
s host plant and their way of mining. For
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="DE JOANNIS" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1130,1270,599,623]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Bohemannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriciliella">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1130,1270,599,623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">B. auriciliella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
this approvedmethod hopefully is possible too – we are lacking only the knowledge to do so. This enigma shouldencourageus to finally disclosethe secret of its hidden biology. The recent finding and photographing of the similarlypoorlyknown larvalfeedingof
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Etainia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Etainia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inwinter issomewhatpromising in this respect (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="SOBCZYK, T. & STOCKEL, D. & GRAF, F. & JORNITZ, H. & KARISCH, T. & S. WAUER" box="[1296,1512,856,879]" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, Beiheft" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" pagination="1 - 437" part="22" refId="ref4657" refString="SOBCZYK, T., STOCKEL, D., GRAF, F., JORNITZ, H., KARISCH, T. & S. WAUER 2018. Die Schmetterlingsfauna (Lepidoptera) der Oberlausitz. Teil 5: Kleinschmetterlinge (Microlepidoptera) 1. Teil. Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, Beiheft 22: 1 - 437." title="Die Schmetterlingsfauna (Lepidoptera) der Oberlausitz. Teil 5: Kleinschmetterlinge (Microlepidoptera) 1. Teil" type="journal article" year="2018">SOBCZYK et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |