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<document id="C4E060010F29D37489D82FC60734E2CF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.207009" ID-GBIF-Dataset="59bd5b61-1e06-4ec7-9458-40dba5139042" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="207009" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460320648072" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tatarnic, Nikolai J. &amp; Cassis, Gerasimos" docDate="2011" docId="0380DD791A69B150FF6E0610D7B8FDCB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02967p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2967" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ploiaria Scopoli 1786" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FFB9A5011A6EB158FFF9004ED445FF80" masterDocTitle="The thread-legged bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae) of Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698256544791" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="F0C4285D4F3E30CF37126E6E213BBB7C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="47281601A721817CD0715EA8CB7CB926">The thread-legged bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae) of Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D67705B8F149A137ABEE4A399DA519F0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E0981399AEE970CAEC3FE2360AD26578">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AD24FF262B9646DE36CEE60E2D83B209">Tatarnic, Nikolai J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DB89237ED1DA3727FD281429C123B5A1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DFE10FADBB20BFB2662F5089C4BBEE83">Cassis, Gerasimos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D19DAFC9C7B6DD10814D02CA1566F885">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="418AFFBFB01BC3A8D5EE1C5BEDC31FC9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="27DA0B37CD83A1F6EB7991C36220EF90">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A17A95851D8D7E6064394EE25B401CF1" type="volume">
<mods:number id="907276A05C21B5DA5925A0EAA52DFC03">2967</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="53F13F7E317662F23F267EB49D8C9C89">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F364DC7516B65444DD85248E153C2E12" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.207009</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="334CA711C135687A0E54F771FA45F00E" type="GBIF-Dataset">59bd5b61-1e06-4ec7-9458-40dba5139042</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="58662A6C67311FA07F1825A084333025" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BE414F43E970984538FBF040227D2529" type="Zenodo-Dep">207009</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0380DD791A69B150FF6E0610D7B8FDCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6188892" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119402395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6188892" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0380DD791A69B150FF6E0610D7B8FDCB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0380DD791A69B150FF6E0610D7B8FDCB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="C3333FE41A69B15FFF6E0610D5D8F9F8" box="[151,413,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A69B15FFF6E0610D5D8F9F8" blockId="7.[151,413,1630,1656]" box="[151,413,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="D0DEDB031A69B15FFF6E0610D5D8F9F8" bold="true" box="[151,413,1630,1656]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFF6E0610D5D8F9F8" ID-CoL="6T3N" authority="Scopoli 1786" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1786" box="[151,413,1630,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFF6E0610D5D8F9F8" bold="true" box="[151,413,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFF6E0610D4BCF9F8" bold="true" box="[151,249,1630,1656]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ploiaria</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFEF90610D5D8F9F8" author="Scopoli" box="[256,413,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Scopoli, J. A. (1786) Delicae faunae et florae insubricae, seu novae aut minus cognitae species plantarum et animalium quas in Insubria austriaca tum spontaceas quum exooticas vidit descriptit et aeri incindi curavit. St Salvator, Ticini. Vol. 1, 85 pp." type="book" year="1786">Scopoli 1786</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3333FE41A69B150FF6E06EBD116FE89" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A69B15FFF6E06EBD00FF95A" blockId="7.[151,1436,1701,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB394B411A69B15FFF6E06EBD00FF95A" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFF6E06EBD5DBF93B" ID-CoL="6T3N" authority="Scopoli 1786: 60" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1786" box="[151,414,1701,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFF6E06EBD4A9F93B" box="[151,236,1701,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ploiaria</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFF0B06EBD5DBF93B" author="Scopoli" box="[242,414,1701,1723]" page="60" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1786">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFF0B06EBD53EF93B" author="Scopoli" box="[242,379,1701,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Scopoli, J. A. (1786) Delicae faunae et florae insubricae, seu novae aut minus cognitae species plantarum et animalium quas in Insubria austriaca tum spontaceas quum exooticas vidit descriptit et aeri incindi curavit. St Salvator, Ticini. Vol. 1, 85 pp." type="book" year="1786">Scopoli 1786</bibRefCitation>
: 60
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(new genus;
<typeStatus id="5492D2CD1A69B15FFDDF06E8D617F93B" box="[550,594,1702,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFD5706EBD7BBF93B" ID-CoL="4KHNF" authority="Scopoli 1786" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1786" box="[686,1022,1701,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domestica">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFD5706EBD72AF93B" box="[686,879,1701,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ploiaria domestica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFC8F06EBD7BBF93B" author="Scopoli" box="[886,1022,1701,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Scopoli, J. A. (1786) Delicae faunae et florae insubricae, seu novae aut minus cognitae species plantarum et animalium quas in Insubria austriaca tum spontaceas quum exooticas vidit descriptit et aeri incindi curavit. St Salvator, Ticini. Vol. 1, 85 pp." type="book" year="1786">Scopoli 1786</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFB5D06EBD1D9F93B" author="Wygodzinsky" box="[1188,1436,1701,1723]" page="158" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFB5D06EBD129F93B" author="Wygodzinsky" box="[1188,1388,1701,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Wygodzinsky, P. (1966) A monograph of the Emesinae (Reduviidae, Hemiptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 133, 1 - 614." type="journal article" year="1966">Wygodzinsky 1966</bibRefCitation>
: 158
</treatmentCitation>
(description); Maldonaldo 1990: 108 (catalogue);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFD38068AD78FF959" author="Cassis" box="[705,970,1732,1754]" page="292" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFD38068AD7DFF95A" author="Cassis" box="[705,922,1732,1754]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Cassis, G. &amp; Gross, G. F. (1995) Hemiptera: Heteroptera (Coleorrhyncha to Cimicomorpha). In: Houston, W. W. K. &amp; Maynard, G. V. (Eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 27.3 A. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia xv. 506 pp." type="book" year="1995">Cassis &amp; Gross 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 292
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A69B15FFF6E06ADD546F897" blockId="7.[151,1436,1701,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB394B411A69B15FFF6E06ADD546F897" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFF6E06ADD59CF978" authority="Heineken 1830: 36" authorityName="Heineken" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,473,1762,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Cerascopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFF6E06ADD54AF978" box="[151,271,1763,1784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Cerascopus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFEEF06ACD59CF978" author="Heineken" box="[278,473,1762,1784]" page="36" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1830">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFEEF06ACD5F0F978" author="Heineken" box="[278,437,1762,1784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Heineken, C. (1830) Description of a new genus of Hemiptera and of a species of Hegeter. The Zoological Journal, 5, 35 - 40." type="journal article" year="1830">Heineken 1830</bibRefCitation>
: 36
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(new genus;
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFD9F06ADD7B8F978" authority="Heineken 1830" authorityName="Heineken" authorityYear="1830" box="[614,1021,1762,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Cerascopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFD9F06ADD712F979" box="[614,855,1763,1785]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Cerascopus marginatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFCA606ACD7B8F978" author="Heineken" box="[863,1021,1762,1784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Heineken, C. (1830) Description of a new genus of Hemiptera and of a species of Hegeter. The Zoological Journal, 5, 35 - 40." type="journal article" year="1830">Heineken 1830</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFB5106ACD103F978" author="China" box="[1192,1350,1762,1784]" page="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFB5106ACD166F978" author="China" box="[1192,1315,1762,1784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="China, W. E. (1938) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der Reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad, Juli - August 1935. III. Terrestrial Hemiptera. Arkiv for Zoologi, 30 A, 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="1938">
<collectingCountry id="F33E2CFF1A69B15FFB5106ACD0A0F978" box="[1192,1253,1762,1784]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">China</collectingCountry>
1938
</bibRefCitation>
: 22
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymy).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A69B15FFF6E076ED5E4F8D5" blockId="7.[151,1436,1701,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB394B411A69B15FFF6E076ED5E4F8D5" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFF6E076ED582F8B5" authority="Spinola 1840: 87" authorityName="Spinola" authorityPageNumber="87" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,455,1824,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Emesodema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFF6E076ED554F8B6" box="[151,273,1824,1846]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Emesodema</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFEE0076ED582F8B5" author="Spinola" box="[281,455,1824,1846]" page="87" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1840">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFEE0076ED5E6F8B5" author="Spinola" box="[281,419,1824,1846]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Spinola, M. M. (1840) Essai sur les Insectes Hemipteres Rhyngotes ou Heteropteres. Baill Paris, 383 pp." type="book" year="1840">Spinola 1840</bibRefCitation>
: 87
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(new genus;
<typeStatus id="5492D2CD1A69B15FFDAA076FD63AF8B6" box="[595,639,1825,1846]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFD24076ED074F8B6" ID-CoL="4KHNF" authority="Scopoli 1786" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1786" box="[733,1073,1824,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domestica">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFD24076ED7E5F8B6" box="[733,928,1824,1846]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ploiaria domestica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFC5E076ED074F8B6" author="Scopoli" box="[935,1073,1824,1846]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Scopoli, J. A. (1786) Delicae faunae et florae insubricae, seu novae aut minus cognitae species plantarum et animalium quas in Insubria austriaca tum spontaceas quum exooticas vidit descriptit et aeri incindi curavit. St Salvator, Ticini. Vol. 1, 85 pp." type="book" year="1786">Scopoli 1786</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monoypy);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFB2D076ED565F8D4" author="McAtee" page="48" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFB2D076ED4B8F8D4" author="McAtee" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="McAtee, W. L. &amp; Malloch, J. R. (1925) Revision of the American bugs of the reduviid subfamily Ploiariinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 67 (2573), 1 - 135." type="journal article" year="1925">McAtee &amp; Malloch 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 48
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymy)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A69B15FFF6E0710D036F812" blockId="7.[151,1436,1701,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB394B411A69B15FFF6E0710D036F812" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFF6E0710D5C8F8F3" authority="Dohrn 1860: 242" authorityName="Dohrn" authorityPageNumber="242" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,397,1885,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Luteva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFF6E0710D499F8F3" box="[151,220,1886,1907]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Luteva</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFF180713D5C8F8F3" author="Dohrn" box="[225,397,1885,1907]" page="242" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFF180713D51BF8F3" author="Dohrn" box="[225,350,1885,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Dohrn, F. A. (1860) Beitrage zu einer monographischen Bearbeitung der Familie der Emesina. Lnnaea Entomologica, 14, 207 - 253." type="journal article" year="1860">Dohrn 1860</bibRefCitation>
: 242
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(new genus;
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFDEA0710D77CF8F3" authority="Dohrn 1860" authorityName="Dohrn" authorityYear="1860" box="[531,825,1885,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Luteva" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concolor">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFDEA0710D6FDF8F3" box="[531,696,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Luteva concolor</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFD440713D77CF8F3" author="Dohrn" box="[701,825,1885,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Dohrn, F. A. (1860) Beitrage zu einer monographischen Bearbeitung der Familie der Emesina. Lnnaea Entomologica, 14, 207 - 253." type="journal article" year="1860">Dohrn 1860</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent designation by
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFB880710D10BF8F3" author="Van" box="[1137,1358,1885,1907]" page="235" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1917">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFB880710D15EF8F3" author="Van" box="[1137,1307,1886,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Van Duzee, E. P. (1917) Catalogue of the Hemiptera of America north of Mexico. Excepting the Aphididae, Coccidae and Aleurodidae. University of California Publications. Technical Bulletins, Entomology, 2, 1 - 902." type="journal article" year="1917">Van Duzee 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 235
</treatmentCitation>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFAA60710D5FDF812" author="McAtee" page="95" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1922">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFAA60710D5D0F811" author="McAtee" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="McAtee, W. L. &amp; Malloch, J. R. (1922) Changes in names of American Rhynchota, chiefly Emesinae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 35, 95 - 96." type="journal article" year="1922">McAtee &amp; Malloch 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 95
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymy);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFDBE0733D729F812" author="McAtee" box="[583,876,1916,1938]" page="50" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFDBE0733D70CF812" author="McAtee" box="[583,841,1916,1938]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="McAtee, W. L. &amp; Malloch, J. R. (1925) Revision of the American bugs of the reduviid subfamily Ploiariinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 67 (2573), 1 - 135." type="journal article" year="1925">McAtee &amp; Malloch 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 50
</treatmentCitation>
(as subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFBEF0732D02FF812" ID-CoL="6T3N" box="[1046,1130,1916,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFBEF0732D02FF812" box="[1046,1130,1916,1938]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ploiaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A69B15FFF6E07D5D04BF850" blockId="7.[151,1436,1701,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB394B411A69B15FFF6E07D5D04BF850" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFF6E07D5D5ABF830" authority="Champion 1898: 173" authorityName="Champion" authorityPageNumber="173" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,494,1946,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFF6E07D5D556F831" box="[151,275,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ploiariopsis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFEE007D4D5ABF830" author="Champion" box="[281,494,1946,1968]" page="173" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1898">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFEE007D4D5FBF830" author="Champion" box="[281,446,1946,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Champion, G. C. (1898) Insecta Rhynchota. Hemiptera - Heteroptera, Vol. II. In: Godwin and Salvin (Eds.) Biologia Centrali Americana. Rhynchota, London, pp. 33 - 192." type="book chapter" year="1898">Champion 1898</bibRefCitation>
: 173
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(new genus;
<typeStatus id="5492D2CD1A69B15FFD8C07D2D6E4F831" box="[629,673,1948,1969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFD0407D5D0F8F830" authority="Champion 1898: 174" authorityName="Champion" authorityPageNumber="174" authorityYear="1898" box="[765,1213,1946,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megalops">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFD0407D5D7A5F831" box="[765,992,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ploiariopsis megalops</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFC1F07D4D0F8F830" author="Champion" box="[998,1213,1946,1968]" page="174" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1898">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFC1F07D4D0C9F830" author="Champion" box="[998,1164,1946,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Champion, G. C. (1898) Insecta Rhynchota. Hemiptera - Heteroptera, Vol. II. In: Godwin and Salvin (Eds.) Biologia Centrali Americana. Rhynchota, London, pp. 33 - 192." type="book chapter" year="1898">Champion 1898</bibRefCitation>
: 174
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent designation by
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFED507F4D610F84F" author="McAtee" box="[300,597,1977,1999]" page="95" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1922">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFED507F4D66AF84F" author="McAtee" box="[300,559,1977,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="McAtee, W. L. &amp; Malloch, J. R. (1922) Changes in names of American Rhynchota, chiefly Emesinae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 35, 95 - 96." type="journal article" year="1922">McAtee &amp; Malloch 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 95
</treatmentCitation>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFD9107F4D7C8F84F" author="McAtee" box="[616,909,1977,1999]" page="95" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1922">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFD9107F4D72FF84F" author="McAtee" box="[616,874,1977,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="McAtee, W. L. &amp; Malloch, J. R. (1922) Changes in names of American Rhynchota, chiefly Emesinae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 35, 95 - 96." type="journal article" year="1922">McAtee &amp; Malloch 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 95
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymy)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A69B150FF6E0796D504FF2E" blockId="7.[151,1436,1701,2030]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,266]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB394B411A69B150FF6E0796D504FF2E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFF6E0796D5D9F86E" authority="Distant 1909: 504" authorityName="Distant" authorityPageNumber="504" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,412,2008,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Elymas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFF6E0796D4A7F86E" box="[151,226,2008,2030]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Elymas</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFF1E0796D5D9F86E" author="Distant" box="[231,412,2008,2030]" page="504" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFF1E0796D529F86D" author="Distant" box="[231,364,2008,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe Entomologiqe de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376." type="journal article" year="1909">Distant 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 504
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(new genus;
<typeStatus id="5492D2CD1A69B15FFDDA0797D60AF86E" box="[547,591,2009,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A69B15FFD520796D045F86D" authority="Distant 1909" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1909" box="[683,1024,2008,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Elymas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praesentans">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A69B15FFD520796D730F86E" box="[683,885,2008,2030]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Elymas praesentans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFC850796D045F86D" author="Distant" box="[892,1024,2008,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe Entomologiqe de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376." type="journal article" year="1909">Distant 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A69B15FFB5C0796D1D9F86E" author="Wygodzinsky" box="[1189,1436,2008,2030]" page="158" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A69B15FFB5C0796D128F86E" author="Wygodzinsky" box="[1189,1389,2008,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Wygodzinsky, P. (1966) A monograph of the Emesinae (Reduviidae, Hemiptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 133, 1 - 614." type="journal article" year="1966">Wygodzinsky 1966</bibRefCitation>
: 158
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymy)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A66B150FF6E00F9D5EDFF6B" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,266]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB394B411A66B150FF6E00F9D5EDFF6B" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A66B150FF6E00F9D598FF4C" authority="Villiers 1948: 446" authorityName="Villiers" authorityPageNumber="446" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,477,182,205]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Culicimimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A66B150FF6E00F9D552FF4D" box="[151,279,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Culicimimus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A66B150FED900F8D598FF4C" author="Villiers" box="[288,477,182,204]" page="446" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FED900F8D5EEFF4C" author="Villiers" box="[288,427,182,204]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Villiers, A. (1948) Faune de L'Empire Francais. IX. Hemipteres Reduviides de l'Afrique Noire. Paris, Editions du Museum, 489 pp." type="book" year="1948">Villiers 1948</bibRefCitation>
: 446
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(new genus;
<typeStatus id="5492D2CD1A66B150FD9700F9D6DFFF4C" box="[622,666,183,204]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A66B150FD0500F9D0C6FF4C" authority="Villiers 1948" authorityName="Villiers" authorityYear="1948" box="[764,1155,182,205]" class="Insecta" family="Aradidae" genus="Culcimimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gabonensis">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A66B150FD0500F9D7B4FF4D" box="[764,1009,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Culcimimus gabonensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FC0300F8D0C6FF4C" author="Villiers" box="[1018,1155,182,204]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Villiers, A. (1948) Faune de L'Empire Francais. IX. Hemipteres Reduviides de l'Afrique Noire. Paris, Editions du Museum, 489 pp." type="book" year="1948">Villiers 1948</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy);
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A66B150FACA00F8D565FF6A" author="Putschkov" page="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FACA00F8D4B8FF6A" author="Putschkov" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Putschkov, P. V. (1984) New reduviid bugs from southern USSR (Heteroptera, Reduviidae). Vestnik Zoologi, 1984, 14 - 19." type="journal article" year="1984">Putschkov 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 18
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymy).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A66B150FF6E00BAD116FE89" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,266]" box="[151,1363,243,266]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB394B411A66B150FF6E00BAD116FE89" box="[151,1363,243,266]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A66B150FF6E00BAD580FE89" authority="Dispons 1964: 71" authorityName="Dispons" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,453,243,266]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Wahrmania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A66B150FF6E00BAD549FE8A" box="[151,268,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Wahrmania</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A884A7E1A66B150FEEB00BDD580FE89" author="Dispons" box="[274,453,243,265]" page="71" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FEEB00BDD5E7FE89" author="Dispons" box="[274,418,243,265]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Dispons, P. (1964) Emesinae d'Israel (Hemiptera - Heteroptera, Reduviidae). Israel Journal of Zoology, 13, 69 - 77." type="journal article" year="1964">Dispons 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 71
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(new genus;
<typeStatus id="5492D2CD1A66B150FDB500BBD63DFE8A" box="[588,632,245,266]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A66B150FD2C00BAD012FE89" authority="Dispons 1964" authorityName="Dispons" authorityYear="1964" box="[725,1111,243,266]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Wahrmania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="katznelsoni">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A66B150FD2C00BAD787FE8A" box="[725,962,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Wahrmania katznelsoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FC3000BDD012FE89" author="Dispons" box="[969,1111,243,265]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Dispons, P. (1964) Emesinae d'Israel (Hemiptera - Heteroptera, Reduviidae). Israel Journal of Zoology, 13, 69 - 77." type="journal article" year="1964">Dispons 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3333FE41A66B150FF6E0178D7FFFE3A" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A66B150FF6E0178D7FFFE3A" blockId="8.[151,1436,310,587]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A66B150FF6E0178D54FFECF" bold="true" box="[151,266,310,335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Macropterous, brachypterous, micropterous or apterous,
<quantity id="4CD1C18A1A66B150FC680178D7BAFECE" box="[913,1023,310,334]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="4.0">4–20 mm</quantity>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A66B150FBF00178D023FECE" box="[1033,1126,310,334]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A66B150FBF00178D023FECE" box="[1033,1126,310,334]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Ploiaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed by the following combination of characters: ventral surface of head lacking spinelike setae, posterior margin of prosternum medially emarginate, posterior lobe of pronotum not covering mesonotum, scutellum and metanotum lacking spines, forefemora lacking penicillate processes, and tarsi 3-segmented.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3333FE41A66B150FF3C0189D7B8FDCB" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B966C6F1A66B150FF3C0189D7B8FDCB" blockId="8.[151,1436,310,587]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A66B150FF3C0189D57CFE5E" bold="true" box="[197,313,455,479]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A66B150FEB80188D5DBFE5E" box="[321,414,454,478]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploiaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB07D1A66B150FEB80188D5DBFE5E" box="[321,414,454,478]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Ploiaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the largest genera of
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A66B150FCF80188D734FE5E" box="[769,881,454,478]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Emesinae">Emesinae</taxonomicName>
, with around 130 described species (
<taxonomicName id="4C2917EC1A66B150FAED0188D1D1FE5E" box="[1300,1428,454,478]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Atisne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reidi">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FAED0188D1D1FE5E" author="Reidi" box="[1300,1428,454,478]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Reidi, D. (2008) A new species of Ploiaria (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae) from peninsular Malaysia. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56 (1), 11 - 15." type="journal article" year="2008">Reidi 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and many more undetermined specimens in museum collections (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FC6501A4D03AFD82" author="Wygodzinsky" box="[924,1151,490,514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Wygodzinsky, P. (1956) Synopsis of the Australian Emesinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). University of California Publications in Entomology, 11, 193 - 246." type="journal article" year="1956">Wygodzinsky 1956</bibRefCitation>
). Although the genus is highly variable,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FEB40240D674FDA6" author="Wygodzinsky" box="[333,561,526,550]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Wygodzinsky, P. (1956) Synopsis of the Australian Emesinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). University of California Publications in Entomology, 11, 193 - 246." type="journal article" year="1956">Wygodzinsky (1956</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8119E1A66B150FDC50240D630FDA6" author="Wygodzinsky" box="[572,629,526,550]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Wygodzinsky, P. (1966) A monograph of the Emesinae (Reduviidae, Hemiptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 133, 1 - 614." type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
) it is thought that it nonetheless reflects a true monophyly, as no characters have yet been found to subdivide it into additional well-definable groups.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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