544 lines
70 KiB
XML
544 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="4B725FDE04B2019B343466B81C943928" ID-CLB-Dataset="7393" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8adfa0f6-06a7-44b5-a3be-351d0bdc7a62" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681813" ID-ZooBank="380D2F75-D4F9-4974-97E2-25E0C62CB3B0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615997073071" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kobayashi, Shigeki, Johns, Chris A. & Kawahara, Akito Y." docDate="2021" docId="038087CBFFC40722FF7591C3FEC7A597" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4944.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4944 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Philodoria lama Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFB9FFB3FFEE070FFFE29409FF89A136" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698933850732" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="571675B8850638D6EB2B3D364E6712ED" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="FD3B493D3EC454501FC31618816CAFCE">
|
||
<mods:title id="4766F0A3BFC4429D5EC4EA185FCDFD2D">Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="E22476B2215F8AB6F040A377ADF99E60" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="CB5825E1D39F2DB5B9206AEF306F96A6">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="520DCC543EC46B01B28BA7C4B86E4167">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4461ABD51AC0E8CF36424BE77A0DF3C3">Kobayashi, Shigeki</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F248ECEEC9E602B173906F3E8D2BAFCA" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1336-4730</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2DDA715D00A5AB997C5ABC40E601015D" type="email">crossroad1994@hotmail.co.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="F5BFB9A7C16CD3C383A4B7D732822506" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="710016F29B074B00615CB50F5489FDCE">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E1EC85DD56143ADB74ADC238B0D65E90">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8665A340DFB49A19A16258152DE9FBDA">Johns, Chris A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1473FED004E1E37FD9C4FF657CC51325" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1749-3847</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="64AC892BE48861CCD8ACED213802801F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="35F9B0C3AB4AF792DCEA19950681FC27">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A1569C129FB157F0885A5E465172056D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="067F208563E39D8043EFE0027D14B5F9">Kawahara, Akito Y.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D907AF62F7EABEE86BA4C578C706EB0C" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1749-3847</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="E757ACA66CAE59410DD7380CEACBA208">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="5676E5A0E75EB8996F44A036E1C28256" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="E0EA40CD587A06B5995FD07543B12D4A">
|
||
<mods:title id="64B97777554F3BF1AFC4BB943B62A175">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="1FA33CED3598D733C48D2C1303161E60">
|
||
<mods:date id="F32669D1B3E40B7AD2E475594609F0E2">2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="1842F2D11A4D44515F6472513945D54A" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="2262D7A61D02C0F129C2458F9FF5DCEE">2021-03-17</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9E89CD23DFE4173C5A8E003C9A5B5BEE" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="81347A6FF85FBD4895C9C5389852EFA7">4944</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="FD0B426BAF6D5C6C8C3E5F0ED47EBC25" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="113B1EB0F4EA40A066D81E6DF8A88FEE">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="EFBFED572325E18429EF180F931D735C" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="5E647D6BBB91C5E755E18C2CF994DF7C">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="04866455C6A68AE88DAEA3E48B46A49E">175</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="B1E23DEC9BA2A14EDE0CE07BA11AA499">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DA862FAE09483AB1160A2C59B3B1F200" type="CLB-Dataset">7393</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CC631FBB7E70E48FCBFE17D8965BDB31" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6FC9C91B07683CC5CBAF98CAAF04638B" type="GBIF-Dataset">8adfa0f6-06a7-44b5-a3be-351d0bdc7a62</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="856EE74A71C3D27347542C2BF2F58628" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B0D54A66C61E22A26D502281F8FF13A9" type="Zenodo-Dep">4681813</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="ACD5D9DDF3681814BACDA40623E8D480" type="ZooBank">380D2F75-D4F9-4974-97E2-25E0C62CB3B0</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="038087CBFFC40722FF7591C3FEC7A597" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4683230" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181002401" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4683230" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087CBFFC40722FF7591C3FEC7A597" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087CBFFC40722FF7591C3FEC7A597" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC40725FF7591C3FCB4A4D2" box="[151,829,1482,1509]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC40725FF7591C3FCB4A4D2" blockId="42.[151,829,1482,1545]" box="[151,829,1482,1509]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="D0DE81B1FFC40725FF7591C3FCB4A4D2" bold="true" box="[151,829,1482,1509]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FF7591C3FCB4A4D2" bold="true" box="[151,829,1482,1509]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC40725FF7591C3FD67A4D2" ID-CoL="8VM44" authority="Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara" authorityName="Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara" box="[151,750,1482,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FF7591C3FED2A4D3" bold="true" box="[151,347,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Philodoria lama</emphasis>
|
||
Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57B4FFC40725FD1891C3FCB4A4D2" box="[762,829,1482,1508]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC40725FF7591E7FDB7A77D" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC40725FF7591E7FDF9A73E" blockId="42.[151,829,1482,1545]" box="[151,624,1518,1545]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC40725FF7591E7FF71A73E" box="[151,248,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1194,1218]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,204,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-23@24.[151,1437,200,1170]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 9. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. splendida Walsingham, 1907 lectotype male, B Female, Oahu, C P. lama sp. n. holotype male, D P. napaliensis sp. n. holotype (sex unknown). Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681831/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC40725FEE691E7FEBDA73E" box="[260,308,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="76.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,183,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-23@76.[151,1436,181,1662]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 41. Male valva of Philodoria, inner view. A–F, H–J, L, M: Left valva, G, K, N: Right valva. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F, G P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, H P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, I P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, J P. splendida, Maui, SK696, K Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., L P. lama, holotype, Maui SK744, M P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767, N Same as L, paratype, Kauai, SK745." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681901/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">41L</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC40725FEDD91E7FEFBA73E" box="[319,370,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,187,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-20@77.[158,1430,181,1748]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 42. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK745. Abbreviation: ta: tuba analis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681903/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">42K</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC40725FE9F91E7FE39A73E" box="[381,432,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,191,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-23@78.[151,1436,181,1766]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 43. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK755, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681905/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">43K</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC40725FE5E91E7FE62A73F" box="[444,491,1518,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="106.[151,250,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[170,1411,192,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-23@106.[165,1422,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURE 56. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. succedanea, paralectotype, Maui, SK714, B Same species, Hawaii (Big Island), SK624, C P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK623, D P. kauaulaensis, holotype, SK690, E Same species, lateral view, F P. kolea, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK634, G P. lysimachiella, SK654, H P. sp. A, SK753, I P. molokaiensis, SK668, lateral view, J Same ventral view, K P. splendida, SK621, L P. lama, paratype, SK813." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681931/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">56L</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC40725FE1591E7FDCBA73F" box="[503,578,1518,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 73" captionStartId="125.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,241,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-57@125.[151,1436,237,1675]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="FIGURE 73. Resting posture of adult Philodoria and Caloptilia. A P. molokaiensis, Molokai, CJ229, host: Lysimachia hillebrandii, B P. splendida, Oahu, CJ319, host: Metrosideros polymorpha, C Same species, Oahu, D Caloptilia mabaella, Lanai, CJ333, host: Diospyros sandwicensis, E P. lama, Maui, CJ190, F Same species, Maui, CJ194." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681967/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">73E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC40725FDAF91E7FDE5A73E" box="[589,620,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="145.[151,250,1446,1470]" captionTargetBox="[161,1397,187,1418]" captionTargetId="figure-20@145.[156,1431,181,1423]" captionTargetPageId="145" captionText="FIGURE 83. Philodoria lama with its host plant Diospyros sandiwensis. A–C Leaf mine with taco cocoon cut outs, D Old mine without taco, E Close-up view of “taco” cocoon, F Dead adult, lateral view (CJ161). A, F: East Maui, B, C, E: Lanai, D: Oahu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681988/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">83</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC40725FF75923AFDB7A77D" blockId="42.[151,574,1587,1611]" box="[151,574,1587,1611]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC40725FF75923AFE8CA77D" box="[151,261,1587,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FF75923AFE8CA77D" box="[151,261,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Philodoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 9;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFC40725FEAB923AFE70A77D" author="Johns, C. A. & Toussaint, E. F. A. & Breinholt, J. W. & Kawahara, A. Y." box="[329,505,1587,1611]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="20181047" refId="ref101297" refString="Johns, C. A., Toussaint, E. F. A., Breinholt, J. W. & Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Origin and macroevolution of micro-moths on sunken Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285, 20181047. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2018.1047" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Johns
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FE6B923AFE3CA77D" box="[393,437,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC40725FF759270FD8BA7A2" box="[151,514,1657,1684]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC40725FF759270FD8BA7A2" blockId="42.[151,1437,1657,2043]" box="[151,514,1657,1684]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FF759270FEBFA7A5" bold="true" box="[151,310,1657,1683]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFC40725FF759270FF5BA7A5" box="[151,210,1657,1683]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Kanepuu (Lanai).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC40725FF259294FD9EA7ED" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC40725FF259294FD9EA7ED" blockId="42.[151,1437,1657,2043]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FF259294FEC7A781" bold="true" box="[199,334,1693,1719]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC40725FDDD9294FDFEA781" box="[575,631,1693,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lama">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FDDD9294FDFEA781" box="[575,631,1693,1719]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">lama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pronounced 'La-mah') is a noun in apposition taken from the Hawaiian name of the host plant,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC40725FE7C92CBFD99A7ED" box="[414,528,1730,1755]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FE7C92CBFD99A7ED" box="[414,528,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diospyros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC40724FF2592ECFCB1A6E1" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC40724FF2592ECFEC5A6B9" blockId="42.[151,1437,1657,2043]" lastBlockId="43.[151,1436,1873,2008]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FF2592ECFEFCA7C9" bold="true" box="[199,373,1765,1791]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FFC40725FE9E92ECFD42A615" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273301" collectingDate="2014-08-05" collectingDateMax="2014-08-24" collectingDateMin="2014-08-05" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="K. Bustamente" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFC40725FE9E92ECFE6DA7C9" box="[380,484,1765,1791]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
♂,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC40725FDEC92ECFDFFA7C9" box="[526,630,1765,1791]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Kanepuu</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC40725FD6392ECFD4DA7C9" box="[641,708,1765,1791]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Lanai</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF97101DFFC40725FD2D92ECFCDFA7C9" box="[719,854,1765,1791]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2014-08-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FFC40725FD2D92ECFCDFA7C9" box="[719,854,1765,1791]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2014-08-24">24.viii.2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(stored),
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC40725FC2192ECFBE0A7C9" box="[963,1129,1765,1791]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. Bustamente</collectorName>
|
||
leg., host:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC40725FB0792EFFF7FA615" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FB0792EFFF7FA615" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diospyros sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF97101DFFC40725FEE49300FE02A615" box="[262,395,1801,1828]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2014-08-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FFC40725FEE49300FE02A615" box="[262,395,1801,1828]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2014-08-05">5.viii. 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, CJ382, SK744♂ in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FFC40725FD989300FD42A615" box="[634,715,1801,1827]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FFC40725FD3A9300FE88A65D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273432" collectingDate="2016-05-24" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="K. Bustamente " pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="815" specimenCount-female="815" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFC40725FD3A9300FCB3A615" box="[728,826,1801,1827]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
4 (3♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FFC40725FC779300FC3EA615" box="[917,951,1801,1827]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
), All types were preserved in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FFC40725FAF69300FAECA615" box="[1300,1381,1801,1827]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
. 3♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FFC40725FF759324FF33A671" box="[151,186,1837,1863]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Lualailua, Maui,
|
||
<date id="FF97101DFFC40725FE659324FE7CA671" box="[391,501,1837,1863]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2016-05-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FFC40725FE659324FE7CA671" box="[391,501,1837,1863]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2016-05-24">24.v.2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(stored),
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC40725FDBD9324FC8CA671" box="[607,773,1837,1863]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">K. Bustamente</collectorName>
|
||
leg., host:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC40725FC9C9327FB5AA671" authority=", Spring. 2016" authorityName="Spring." authorityYear="2016" box="[894,1235,1837,1863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC40725FC9C9327FBBDA671" box="[894,1076,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
, Spring. 2016
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, CJ540, SK
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FFC40725FAB99324FA1EA671" box="[1371,1431,1837,1863]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="female">813♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, SK814
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC40725FF0E9358FE88A65D" box="[236,257,1873,1899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">♂.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FFC40724FEE59358FEC1A6B9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273360" collectingDate="2016-05-24" collectionCode="BPBM" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="815" specimenCount-female="815" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFC40725FED89358FE15A65D" box="[314,412,1873,1899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was mounted by placing four wings without mountant under a coverslip (2/3 of two forewings and apical half of two hindwings); four
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFC40725FD6E937CFD75A6B9" box="[652,764,1909,1935]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: a female specimen mounted as a dry pinned specimen with the nearly entire right forewing without mountant under a coverslip; CJ540 / SK813); two male specimens mounted as dry pinned specimens with its near complete forewing without mountant under a coverslip; a male specimen mounted by placing two forewings without mountant under a coverslip (two near complete forewings slightly damaged at base; CJ540 / SK814).
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC50724FDC89358FDDFA65D" box="[554,598,1873,1899]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">The</collectorName>
|
||
head, antenna, thorax, and legs for all specimens were sacrificed for molecular analysis
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF566655FFC50724FF759273FD91A614" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681859" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681859/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[151,250,1658,1682]" targetBox="[154,1431,187,1628]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC50724FF759273FD91A614" blockId="43.[151,1437,1658,1827]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FF759273FEA9A7A4" bold="true" box="[151,288,1658,1682]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC50724FE689272FE71A7A5" box="[394,504,1659,1683]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FE689272FE71A7A5" box="[394,504,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Philodoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FDB69273FDEFA7A4" bold="true" box="[596,614,1658,1682]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC50724FD8E9272FC75A7A5" authority="(Walsingham, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[620,1020,1659,1683]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginestrigata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FD8E9272FCAEA7A4" box="[620,807,1659,1682]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">P. marginestrigata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFC50724FCD79272FC7CA7A5" author="Walsingham, Thomas" box="[821,1013,1659,1683]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="469 - 759" refId="ref102986" refString="Walsingham, Thomas, de Grey (Lord) (1907) Microlepidoptera. In: Sharp, D. (Ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis. 1 (5). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907">Walsingham, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paralectotype male (BPBM 34197),
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FA909272FA0AA7A5" bold="true" box="[1394,1411,1659,1683]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC50724FA689272FD85A781" authority="(Walsingham, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginestrigata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FA689272FEB0A780" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">P. marginestrigata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFC50724FEA49296FD8CA781" author="Walsingham, Thomas" box="[326,517,1695,1719]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="469 - 759" refId="ref102986" refString="Walsingham, Thomas, de Grey (Lord) (1907) Microlepidoptera. In: Sharp, D. (Ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis. 1 (5). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907">Walsingham, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lectotype female, left wings,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FCDE9297FCC7A780" bold="true" box="[828,846,1694,1718]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C</emphasis>
|
||
Same specimen, right wings,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FB989296FB05A781" bold="true" box="[1146,1164,1695,1719]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC50724FB709296FF5BA7ED" authority="(Swezey, 1940)" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetaella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FB709296FAB2A781" box="[1170,1339,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">P. lipochaetaella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFC50724FAA59296FF42A7ED" author="Swezey, O. H." pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="461 - 465" refId="ref102730" refString="Swezey, O. H. (1940) New species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceeding Hawaiian Entomological Society, 10 (3), 461 - 465." type="journal article" year="1940">Swezey, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paralectotype male, one of four cotypes on the same mount (upper left specimen on mount),
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FB7992CAFB25A7ED" bold="true" box="[1179,1196,1731,1755]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">E</emphasis>
|
||
Lectotype male (upper right specimen on mount),
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FE4B92EEFE31A7C9" bold="true" box="[425,440,1767,1791]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">F</emphasis>
|
||
Paralectotype female (lower left specimen on mount),
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FC0492EFFC73A7C8" bold="true" box="[998,1018,1766,1790]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">G</emphasis>
|
||
Paralectotype (sex unknown, lower right specimen on mount). Scale bar 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC50724FF259390FCB1A6E1" blockId="43.[151,1436,1873,2008]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FF259390FE49A685" bold="true" box="[199,448,1945,1971]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Additional material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FFC50724FE2F9390FCBAA6E1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273399" collectingDate="2013-12-24" collectingDateMax="2013-12-30" collectingDateMin="2013-12-24" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="C. A. Johns" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1♂,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC50724FDE69390FDF8A685" box="[516,625,1945,1971]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Lualailua</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC50724FD609390FD49A685" box="[642,704,1945,1971]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Maui</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF97101DFFC50724FD339390FCD8A685" box="[721,849,1945,1971]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2013-12-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FFC50724FD339390FCD8A685" box="[721,849,1945,1971]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2013-12-30">30.xii.2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(stored),
|
||
<collectorName id="26DC530BFFC50724FC2B9390FBC2A685" box="[969,1099,1945,1971]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C.A. Johns</collectorName>
|
||
leg., host:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC50724FB3B9393FA1CA685" box="[1241,1429,1945,1971]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC50724FB3B9393FA1CA685" box="[1241,1429,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">D. sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF97101DFFC50724FF7593B4FE90A6E1" box="[151,281,1981,2007]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2013-12-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FFC50724FF7593B4FE90A6E1" box="[151,281,1981,2007]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2013-12-24">24.xii.2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, CJ161, PHIL0037♂ (abdomen only) in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FFC50724FD0093B4FCBAA6E1" box="[738,819,1981,2007]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF566655FFC20723FF75927DFC08A62A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681861" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681861/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" startId="44.[151,250,1652,1676]" targetBox="[158,1429,187,1621]" targetPageId="44">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC20723FF75927DFC08A62A" blockId="44.[151,1436,1652,1821]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FF75927DFEADA7BB" bold="true" box="[151,292,1652,1677]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FE7E927CFD83A7BB" box="[412,522,1653,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FE7E927CFD83A7BB" box="[412,522,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Philodoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FD8E927DFDF7A7BA" bold="true" box="[620,638,1652,1676]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FD6B927CFCB4A7BB" box="[649,829,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FD6B927CFCB0A7BB" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[649,825,1653,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetaella">P. lipochaetaella</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
specimens originally described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FB51927CFEA1A787" authority="Swezey, 1946" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1946" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FB51927CFA15A7BB" box="[1203,1436,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Parectopa lipochaetae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFC20723FF759290FEA1A787" author="Swezey, O. H." box="[151,296,1689,1713]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="625 - 628" refId="ref102759" refString="Swezey, O. H. (1946) New species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 12 (3), 625 - 628." type="journal article" year="1946">Swezey, 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, syntype male
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FE279290FE5FA787" bold="true" box="[453,470,1689,1713]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FE3D9290FC95A787" authority="(Meyrick, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[479,796,1689,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FE3D9290FDE5A787" box="[479,620,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFC20723FD999290FC9CA787" author="Meyrick, E." box="[635,789,1689,1713]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="104" refId="ref102144" refString="Meyrick, E. (1928) Some new species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7 (1), 104." type="journal article" year="1928">Meyrick, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lectotype male
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FC269291FC5FA786" bold="true" box="[964,982,1688,1712]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C</emphasis>
|
||
Paralectotype male
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FB489290FB35A787" bold="true" box="[1194,1212,1689,1713]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D</emphasis>
|
||
Paralectotype female
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FF7592B4FF21A7E3" bold="true" box="[151,168,1725,1749]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">E</emphasis>
|
||
Male left forewing of specimen CJ164, host:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FD6292B4FCE6A7E3" box="[640,879,1725,1749]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kamolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FD6292B4FCE6A7E3" box="[640,879,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Melanthera kamolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Maui
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FC5B92B4FC41A7E3" bold="true" box="[953,968,1725,1749]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">F</emphasis>
|
||
Same specimen, right forewing
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FAF492B5FAA3A7E2" bold="true" box="[1302,1322,1724,1748]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">G</emphasis>
|
||
Male right forewing of specimen CJ189, host:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FDE592E8FD7FA7CF" box="[519,758,1761,1785]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kamolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FDE592E8FD7FA7CF" box="[519,758,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Melanthera kamolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Maui
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FCA092E8FCDFA7CF" bold="true" box="[834,854,1761,1785]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FCBF92E8FC42A7CF" box="[861,971,1761,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FCBF92E8FC42A7CF" box="[861,971,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Philodoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. B nr.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FBD092E8FB3DA7CF" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[1074,1204,1761,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FBD092E8FB3DA7CF" box="[1074,1204,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(specimen CJ483, sex unknown) right forewing, host:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FE38930CFC9BA62B" authority=", Kauai. Scale" authorityName="Kauai. Scale" box="[474,786,1797,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FE38930CFD0CA62A" box="[474,645,1797,1821]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Lipochaeta acris</emphasis>
|
||
, Kauai. Scale
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bar 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC20723FF259342FC7EA6E7" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC20723FF259342FC7EA6E7" blockId="44.[151,1436,1867,2038]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FF259342FECBA653" bold="true" box="[199,322,1867,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The forewing pattern, genital structure and larval habit are very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FAF39345FEABA6BF" authority="Walsingham" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FAF39345FA15A653" box="[1297,1436,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. splendida</emphasis>
|
||
Walsingham
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FEBB9379FDD1A6BF" authority="Walsingham" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[345,600,1903,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FEBB9379FE4AA6BF" box="[345,451,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. basalis</emphasis>
|
||
Walsingham
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but are distinguished from them because of the basal oblique fascia of the forewing, slender saccus and longer coecum in male genitalia, and coecum which is about 1/4 length of phallus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FF7593B1FF62A6E7" box="[151,235,1975,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lama">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FF7593B1FF62A6E7" box="[151,235,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. lama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but about 1/6~1/5 length in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC20723FDD293B1FD30A6E7" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[560,697,1975,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FDD293B1FD30A6E7" box="[560,697,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. splendida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC20723FD2A93BEFCA3A6E7" box="[712,810,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1194,1218]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,204,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-23@24.[151,1437,200,1170]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 9. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. splendida Walsingham, 1907 lectotype male, B Female, Oahu, C P. lama sp. n. holotype male, D P. napaliensis sp. n. holotype (sex unknown). Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681831/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC20723FCD493BEFCD4A6E7" box="[822,861,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,187,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-20@77.[158,1430,181,1748]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 42. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK745. Abbreviation: ta: tuba analis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681903/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">42I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC20723FC8B93BEFC18A6E7" box="[873,913,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,191,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-23@78.[151,1436,181,1766]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 43. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK755, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681905/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">43I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC20723FC7E93BEFC62A6E7" box="[924,1003,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 73" captionStartId="125.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,241,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-57@125.[151,1436,237,1675]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="FIGURE 73. Resting posture of adult Philodoria and Caloptilia. A P. molokaiensis, Molokai, CJ229, host: Lysimachia hillebrandii, B P. splendida, Oahu, CJ319, host: Metrosideros polymorpha, C Same species, Oahu, D Caloptilia mabaella, Lanai, CJ333, host: Diospyros sandwicensis, E P. lama, Maui, CJ190, F Same species, Maui, CJ194." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681967/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">73E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC20722FF2593D2FD22A39F" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC20722FF2593D2FB6CA0C3" blockId="44.[151,1436,1867,2038]" lastBlockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC20723FF2593D2FE2CA6C3" bold="true" box="[199,421,2011,2037]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Description: Adult</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC20723FE5693D2FD9FA6C3" box="[436,534,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1194,1218]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,204,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-23@24.[151,1437,200,1170]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 9. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. splendida Walsingham, 1907 lectotype male, B Female, Oahu, C P. lama sp. n. holotype male, D P. napaliensis sp. n. holotype (sex unknown). Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681831/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC20723FDC193D2FDF8A6C3" box="[547,625,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 73" captionStartId="125.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,241,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-57@125.[151,1436,237,1675]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="FIGURE 73. Resting posture of adult Philodoria and Caloptilia. A P. molokaiensis, Molokai, CJ229, host: Lysimachia hillebrandii, B P. splendida, Oahu, CJ319, host: Metrosideros polymorpha, C Same species, Oahu, D Caloptilia mabaella, Lanai, CJ333, host: Diospyros sandwicensis, E P. lama, Maui, CJ190, F Same species, Maui, CJ194." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681967/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">73E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Forewing length 3.4,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC20723FC9493D2FC45A6C3" box="[886,972,2011,2038]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in two
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFC20723FBC393D2FB19A6C3" box="[1057,1168,2011,2037]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. Head and frons brown; maxillary palpus reduced; labial palpus ocherous to brown with dark brown scales at apex. Antenna grayish fuscous, about
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC30722FF3994B2FEB9A1E3" box="[219,304,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long in
|
||
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFC30722FE6894B2FE67A1E3" box="[394,494,187,213]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Thorax gray. Forewing dark shiny, pale leaden gray with brownish ocherous patches enclosing gray fascia:
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FE7494D6FE3CA1CF" bold="true" box="[406,437,223,249]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">bp</emphasis>
|
||
sometimes absent in Lanai specimens, from base along to dorsum 1/4, sometimes from near base of costal fold to near dorsum 1/
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC30722FD8A950AFD1CA02B" box="[616,661,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
Maui specimens;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FC81950BFCFFA02A" bold="true" box="[867,886,258,284]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">tf</emphasis>
|
||
from costal 1/3 to dorsal 1/2,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FB28950AFB6AA02B" bold="true" box="[1226,1251,259,285]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">tp</emphasis>
|
||
after the middle to apical portion, distinctly narrowing in the dorsum, extending to dorsal 2/3, containing two short, shiny, steel gray costal spots; apical portion with black
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FDAE9542FDECA053" bold="true" box="[588,613,331,357]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">as</emphasis>
|
||
and a large jet-black terminal patch from tornus to apex, containing two upright steel-gray spots near its opposite extremities; a single bright white spot in its middle; a very narrow ocherous line along the base of tornus; cilia shining, leaden gray with a blackish fringe line; two white costal streaks, long one extend apex; terminal cilia often blackish. Hindwing coppery brown; cilia tawny. Abdomen tawny brown, white below. Legs grayish fuscous, with white spots on the tarsal joints; spurs white with fuscous scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC30722FF2595F6FCE6A357" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF2595F6FEFAA32E" bold="true" box="[199,371,510,537]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FE6095F6FE7BA32F" box="[386,498,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="76.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,183,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-23@76.[151,1436,181,1662]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 41. Male valva of Philodoria, inner view. A–F, H–J, L, M: Left valva, G, K, N: Right valva. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F, G P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, H P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, I P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, J P. splendida, Maui, SK696, K Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., L P. lama, holotype, Maui SK744, M P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767, N Same as L, paratype, Kauai, SK745." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681901/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs. 41L</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FE1C95F6FDB8A32F" box="[510,561,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,187,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-20@77.[158,1430,181,1748]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 42. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK745. Abbreviation: ta: tuba analis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681903/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">42K</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FDDF95F6FDE7A32F" box="[573,622,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,191,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-23@78.[151,1436,181,1766]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 43. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK755, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681905/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">43K</figureCitation>
|
||
) (n=3). Capsule
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC30722FCCF95F6FC01A32F" box="[813,904,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="810.0">810 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Tegumen slightly shorter than length of valva; valva
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC30722FF39962AFEBBA30B" box="[219,306,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="460.0">460 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FE08962AFDFBA30B" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[490,626,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FE08962AFDFBA30B" box="[490,626,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. splendida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except minute spines on dorsal process covered from apically to basally and on inner margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FE6A964EFE67A357" box="[392,494,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="76.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,183,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-23@76.[151,1436,181,1662]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 41. Male valva of Philodoria, inner view. A–F, H–J, L, M: Left valva, G, K, N: Right valva. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F, G P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, H P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, I P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, J P. splendida, Maui, SK696, K Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., L P. lama, holotype, Maui SK744, M P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767, N Same as L, paratype, Kauai, SK745." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681901/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 41L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Phallus
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC30722FDB9964FFD3BA357" box="[603,690,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="560.0">560 µm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FD18964EFCEAA357" box="[762,867,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,191,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-23@78.[151,1436,181,1766]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 43. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK755, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681905/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 43K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC30722FF259662FD22A39F" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF259662FE05A3B2" bold="true" box="[199,396,618,645]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FE789662FE74A3B3" box="[410,509,618,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="106.[151,250,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[170,1411,192,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-23@106.[165,1422,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURE 56. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. succedanea, paralectotype, Maui, SK714, B Same species, Hawaii (Big Island), SK624, C P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK623, D P. kauaulaensis, holotype, SK690, E Same species, lateral view, F P. kolea, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK634, G P. lysimachiella, SK654, H P. sp. A, SK753, I P. molokaiensis, SK668, lateral view, J Same ventral view, K P. splendida, SK621, L P. lama, paratype, SK813." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681931/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 56L</figureCitation>
|
||
) (n=1).
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC30722FDB59662FD35A3B3" box="[599,700,619,645]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1240.0">1240 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Lamella antevaginalis
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC30722FC1C9662FBDCA3B3" box="[1022,1109,619,645]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="160.0">160 µm</quantity>
|
||
in length. Corpus bursae
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFC30722FA909662FF34A39F" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="770.0">770 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FE989686FE6CA39F" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[378,485,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FE989686FE6CA39F" box="[378,485,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. basalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FDF99686FD2DA39F" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[539,676,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FDF99686FD2DA39F" box="[539,676,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. splendida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC30722FF2596BBFDFBA3FB" box="[199,626,690,717]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC30722FF2596BBFDFBA3FB" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" box="[199,626,690,717]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF2596BBFEE8A3FA" bold="true" box="[199,353,690,716]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Oahu, Lanai, and Maui.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC30722FF2596DEFD88A293" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC30722FF2596DEFA80A223" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF2596DEFEDFA3C7" bold="true" box="[199,342,727,753]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Host plants.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FEBE96DEFE51A3C7" box="[348,472,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ebenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FE0396DEFC39A3C7" authority="(A. DC.) Fosberg" authorityName="Fosberg" baseAuthorityName="A. DC." box="[481,944,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FE0396DEFD67A3C7" box="[481,750,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Diospyros sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
(A.DC.) Fosberg
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FBE196DEFA14A3C7" authority="(A. DC.) Fosberg. We" authorityName="Fosberg. We" baseAuthorityName="A. DC." box="[1027,1437,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Lysimachia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hillebrandii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FBE196DEFB20A3C7" box="[1027,1193,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D. hillebrandii</emphasis>
|
||
(A.DC.) Fosberg. We
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could not separate the two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FE2696F2FDBFA222" box="[452,566,763,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FE2696F2FDBFA222" box="[452,566,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Diospyros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FD7E96F2FCDBA223" box="[668,850,763,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FD7E96F2FCDBA223" box="[668,850,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D. sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the closely related
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FBB996F2FA80A223" box="[1115,1289,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FBB996F2FA8CA223" box="[1115,1285,763,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Lysimachia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hillebrandii">D. hillebrandii</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC30722FF259717FD88A293" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF259717FEAEA20E" bold="true" box="[199,295,798,824]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FED49716FE00A20F" box="[310,393,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="145.[151,250,1446,1470]" captionTargetBox="[161,1397,187,1418]" captionTargetId="figure-20@145.[156,1431,181,1423]" captionTargetPageId="145" captionText="FIGURE 83. Philodoria lama with its host plant Diospyros sandiwensis. A–C Leaf mine with taco cocoon cut outs, D Old mine without taco, E Close-up view of “taco” cocoon, F Dead adult, lateral view (CJ161). A, F: East Maui, B, C, E: Lanai, D: Oahu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681988/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
|
||
). Biology unknown, but it is presumably similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FBFA9716FB0BA20F" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[1048,1154,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FBFA9716FB0BA20F" box="[1048,1154,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. basalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FB5B9716FAC8A20F" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[1209,1345,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FB5B9716FAC8A20F" box="[1209,1345,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. splendida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Larvae form an elongate blotch mine on the adaxial leaf surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FCC6974AFC27A26B" box="[804,942,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="145.[151,250,1446,1470]" captionTargetBox="[161,1397,187,1418]" captionTargetId="figure-20@145.[156,1431,181,1423]" captionTargetPageId="145" captionText="FIGURE 83. Philodoria lama with its host plant Diospyros sandiwensis. A–C Leaf mine with taco cocoon cut outs, D Old mine without taco, E Close-up view of “taco” cocoon, F Dead adult, lateral view (CJ161). A, F: East Maui, B, C, E: Lanai, D: Oahu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681988/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 83A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). One mine per leaf (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FB7F974AFA8FA26B" box="[1181,1286,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="145.[151,250,1446,1470]" captionTargetBox="[161,1397,187,1418]" captionTargetId="figure-20@145.[156,1431,181,1423]" captionTargetPageId="145" captionText="FIGURE 83. Philodoria lama with its host plant Diospyros sandiwensis. A–C Leaf mine with taco cocoon cut outs, D Old mine without taco, E Close-up view of “taco” cocoon, F Dead adult, lateral view (CJ161). A, F: East Maui, B, C, E: Lanai, D: Oahu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681988/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 83A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Most of the “Taco” cocoons were still attached to the leaf and leaves with cocoons were both on ground and on tree, based on observations at Lualailua, Maui.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFC30722FF2597A6FEC7A597" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFC30722FF2597A6FEC7A597" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF2597A6FEB2A2FF" bold="true" box="[199,315,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
We have observed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FDFD97A6FD11A2FF" box="[543,664,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FDFD97A6FD11A2FF" box="[543,664,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Philodoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaf mines on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FCA497A6FC31A2FE" box="[838,952,943,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FCA497A6FC31A2FE" box="[838,952,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Diospyros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on Oahu, but we were unable to find any mines with larvae in them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FE2897DAFDBAA2DB" box="[458,563,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="145.[151,250,1446,1470]" captionTargetBox="[161,1397,187,1418]" captionTargetId="figure-20@145.[156,1431,181,1423]" captionTargetPageId="145" captionText="FIGURE 83. Philodoria lama with its host plant Diospyros sandiwensis. A–C Leaf mine with taco cocoon cut outs, D Old mine without taco, E Close-up view of “taco” cocoon, F Dead adult, lateral view (CJ161). A, F: East Maui, B, C, E: Lanai, D: Oahu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681988/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 83D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFC30722FDA597DAFD75A2DB" author="Swezey, O. H." box="[583,764,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="88 - 90" refId="ref102267" refString="Swezey, O. H. (1910 a). The ebony leaf-miner (Gracilaria [sic] mabaella). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 2 (3), 88 - 90, pl. 3." type="journal article" year="1910">Swezey (1910a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FC7D97DAFB98A2DA" box="[927,1041,979,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FC7D97DAFB98A2DA" box="[927,1041,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Diospyros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaf-miner,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FB7897DAFA9BA2DB" box="[1178,1298,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Gracilaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FB7897DAFA9BA2DB" box="[1178,1298,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Gracilaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[sic] (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FA9097DAFF61A527" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Caloptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FA9097DAFF61A527" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Caloptilia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FF1B97FEFEE8A527" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[249,353,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Caloptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabaella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF1B97FEFEE8A527" box="[249,353,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">mabaella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Oahu and did not mention the unnamed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FC9397FEFC63A527" box="[881,1002,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FC9397FEFC63A527" box="[881,1002,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Philodoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaf miner on
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FB7397FEFA82A526" box="[1169,1291,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FB7397FEFA8EA526" box="[1169,1287,1015,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diospyros</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFC30722FAF097FEFF67A503" author="Zimmerman, E. C." pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref103182" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978 a) Gracillarioidea. In: Microlepidoptera. Part 1. Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 9. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 644 - 718." type="book" year="1978">Zimmerman (1978a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FE899012FDC5A503" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[363,588,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Caloptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabaella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FE899012FDC5A503" box="[363,588,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Caloptilia mabaella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be an introduced species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E764DFFC30722FC109012FBBBA503" box="[1010,1074,1051,1077]" name="Japan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
or North America. We observed the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FF239036FE9FA56F" box="[193,278,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lama">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF239036FE9FA56F" box="[193,278,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. lama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FEAC9036FDA6A56F" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[334,559,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Caloptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabaella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FEAC9036FDA6A56F" box="[334,559,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Caloptilia mabaella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CJ333) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFC30722FD409036FC82A56F" box="[674,779,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 73" captionStartId="125.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,241,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-57@125.[151,1436,237,1675]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="FIGURE 73. Resting posture of adult Philodoria and Caloptilia. A P. molokaiensis, Molokai, CJ229, host: Lysimachia hillebrandii, B P. splendida, Oahu, CJ319, host: Metrosideros polymorpha, C Same species, Oahu, D Caloptilia mabaella, Lanai, CJ333, host: Diospyros sandwicensis, E P. lama, Maui, CJ190, F Same species, Maui, CJ194." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681967/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 73D</figureCitation>
|
||
), occurring sympatrically at Kanepuu, Lanai. The mine of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FF75906AFE80A54B" box="[151,265,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Caloptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FF75906AFE80A54B" box="[151,265,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Caloptilia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFC30722FDB1906AFD2FA54B" box="[595,678,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lama">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFC30722FDB1906AFD2FA54B" box="[595,678,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. lama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the brown in coloration and oval cocoon which is situated at the end of the mine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |