323 lines
37 KiB
XML
323 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="3FE3A734C8A06E3AACA77162C2A59A22" ID-CLB-Dataset="27715" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4541.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9c3fecf1-4e11-4c79-a908-e0a5abbaf3ca" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2617460" ID-ZooBank="B11E734C-218B-418C-84E6-719AB3C58AFF" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553927824231" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arachchige, Gayashan M., Jayakody, Sevvandi, Mooi, Rich & Kroh, Andreas" docDate="2019" docId="038087B4FFEF893FFF02F89D713C9BA1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4541.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4541 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Brissus agassizii Doderlein 1885" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="FFB9FFCCFFAA8975FF95FFB47314996C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and distribution of irregular echinoids (Echinoidea: Irregularia) from Sri Lanka" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1698715306146" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="CDF6ABD40FAB5787698ECA3DAA0A9A28" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="0E4AA5D62E622811F63CD7A3C77445CD">Taxonomy and distribution of irregular echinoids (Echinoidea: Irregularia) from Sri Lanka</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="F18A01A5B35E68B267D8F19F937F0F3B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1A97ACC7666B3CDC29E07683F7C6C6B1">Arachchige, Gayashan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="163F22CF628ABB409B079F05A6A9E454">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="60F17339F3F34715603A950324F06D3E">Jayakody, Sevvandi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="47B7DEAF042A6EF2B3C5D81277924B5A">Mooi, Rich</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="914C668FA2E5508694557032C9AB324F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B8CF74D41648F722777346E53861A201">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="49E50864F6CCBF60D162A9ADAA0B5085">Kroh, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FFF1BC11EF0AD161288E815F050AAAD8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="650145ED9714047B1AE4E9A0971B5D6B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FEB71D9F3ED655E177CDD10E94A8CF97">
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<mods:date id="FB13539B509526048945EEB92B846EFB">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C4052ADA59BBCAFCD699274B1D758877">2019-01-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="7EC133E6B814A25E146058C87B29398C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="037D6F88D8B77207DA6A8D4334CA2BFC">4541</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3E8AE95B8BF0C646E82E3CACDC9B4F74" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="896E47D7FF5EB5D8AC7560AA2D3B91CF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A83E6983C34611E0041F154739792E35" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4541.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038087B4FFEF893FFF02F89D713C9BA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5935464" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154529628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5935464" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFEF893FFF02F89D713C9BA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087B4FFEF893FFF02F89D713C9BA1" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFEF8930FF02F89D71449E2F" box="[151,592,1833,1859]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFEF8930FF02F89D71449E2F" blockId="69.[151,592,1833,1893]" box="[151,592,1833,1859]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<heading id="D0DE81CEFFEF8930FF02F89D71449E2F" bold="true" box="[151,592,1833,1859]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFEF8930FF02F89D71449E2F" ID-CoL="NBLT" authority="Doderlein, 1885" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,592,1833,1859]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEF8930FF02F89D71449E2F" bold="true" box="[151,592,1833,1859]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEF8930FF02F89D73E59E2F" bold="true" box="[151,241,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Brissus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEF8930FE88F89D72979E2F" bold="true" box="[285,387,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">agassizii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFEF8930FE1EF89D71449E2F" author="Doderlein, L." box="[395,592,1833,1859]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="73 - 112" refId="ref34594" refString="Doderlein, L. (1885) Seeigel von Japan und den Liu-Kiu Inseln. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 51, 73 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 1569" type="journal article" year="1885">Döderlein, 1885</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFEF8930FF02F8F872E59E8B" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFEF8930FF02F8F8722C9E09" blockId="69.[151,592,1833,1893]" box="[151,312,1868,1893]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<figureCitation id="13122A27FFEF8930FF02F8F8722C9E09" box="[151,312,1868,1893]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 62" captionStart-1="FIGURE 63" captionStart-2="FIGURE 64" captionStartId-0="70.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionStartId-1="71.[151,250,970,992]" captionStartId-2="72.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,193,1855]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,949]" captionTargetBox-2="[182,1426,219,1848]" captionTargetId-0="figure@70.[151,1436,193,1855]" captionTargetId-1="figure@71.[151,1436,193,949]" captionTargetId-2="figure@72.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId-0="70" captionTargetPageId-1="71" captionTargetPageId-2="72" captionText-0="FIGURE 62. Brissus cf. agassizii: A, aboral view (WUSL/EI/81); B, oral view (WUSL/EI/81); C, lateral view (WUSL/EI/81); D, posterior (WUSL/EI/81); E, sternal view (WUSL/EI/75)." captionText-1="FIGURE 63. Subanal fasciole of Brissus cf. agassizii (WUSL/EI/75)." captionText-2="FIGURE 64. Distribution map of Brissus cf. agassizii recorded in this study." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2617577/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2617579/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2617581/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figures 62–64</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFEF8930FF02F82072E59E8B" blockId="69.[151,1436,1940,2023]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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1885
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFEF8930FF45F82172FF9EC6" authority="Agassizii Doderlein" authorityName="Agassizii Doderlein" box="[208,491,1940,1962]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEF8930FF45F82172699EC6" box="[208,381,1941,1962]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Brissus Agassizii</emphasis>
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Döderlein
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</taxonomicName>
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: p. 108–109. 1951
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFEF8930FF5AF80071629EA5" authority="Agassizii Doderlein." authorityName="Agassizii Doderlein." box="[207,630,1971,1993]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Allobrissus">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEF8930FF5AF800720E9EA5" box="[207,282,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Brissus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEF8930FEBDF807728E9EA5" box="[296,410,1971,1993]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Allobrissus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEF8930FE3CF80771119EA4" box="[425,517,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Agassizii</emphasis>
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Döderlein.
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</taxonomicName>
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—Mortensen: p. 520–522; pl. 33: fig. 7; pl. 34: fig. 2; pl. 35: figs. 1, 6–8; pl. 62: figs. 9, 10, 12, 16–21, 23–28.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF56662AFFEC8933FF02F8E171EC9EE5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617577/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" startId="70.[151,250,1877,1899]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1855]" targetPageId="70">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFEC8933FF02F8E171EC9EE5" blockId="70.[151,1436,1876,1929]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEC8933FF02F8E1720B9E06" bold="true" box="[151,287,1877,1899]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">FIGURE 62.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFEC8933FEB0F8E272FB9E07" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[293,495,1876,1899]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEC8933FEB0F8E272649E07" box="[293,368,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Brissus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFEC8933FE03F8E272FB9E07" box="[406,495,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">agassizii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: A, aboral view (WUSL/EI/81); B, oral view (WUSL/EI/81); C, lateral view (WUSL/EI/81); D, posterior (WUSL/EI/81); E, sternal view (WUSL/EI/75).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF56662AFFED8932FF02FC7E70499A8C" box="[151,861,970,992]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617579/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" startId="71.[151,250,970,992]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,949]" targetPageId="71">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF02FC7E70499A8C" blockId="71.[151,861,970,992]" box="[151,861,970,992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF02FC7E720B9AB3" bold="true" box="[151,287,970,992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 63.</emphasis>
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Subanal fasciole of
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFED8932FE7BFC7F71AC9A8C" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[494,696,970,992]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FE7BFC7F712D9A8C" box="[494,569,971,992]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Brissus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FDCAFC7F71AC9A8C" box="[607,696,971,992]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">agassizii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(WUSL/EI/75).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFED8932FF02FBB372C49D28" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF02FBB372C49D28" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF02FBB372489D4C" bold="true" box="[151,348,1031,1056]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Material studied</emphasis>
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. Six denuded tests: WUSL/EI/75, EI/76, EI/77, EI/79, and EI/81 from Silavathurai, WUSL/EI/80 from Baththalangunduwa 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFED893CFF52FBFB778B9F3F" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF52FBFB71549DDC" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF52FBFB724D9D04" bold="true" box="[199,345,1103,1128]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FEF7FBFB71199D04" box="[354,525,1103,1128]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Shape and size</emphasis>
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—Test medium,
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<quantity id="4CD19B47FFED8932FD58FBFB70669D0B" box="[717,882,1103,1128]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.21" metricValueMin="2.79" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="52.1" valueMin="27.9">27.9–52.1 mm</quantity>
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TL; width 72.9–73.8% TL; height 52–59% TL; outline elliptical, without anterior depression; anterior end rounded in lateral view; posterior end of test ovoid and not pointed when viewed from above.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF52FB0F778C9D94" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF52FB0F72709DB8" box="[199,356,1211,1236]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Apical system</emphasis>
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—Ethmolytic, madreporite extending beyond posterior oculars; with four gonopores; posterior pair larger than anterior pair; situated anteriorly, c. 20% TL (SD=0.8) from anterior margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF52FAB777B89F74" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF52FAB772579C70" box="[199,323,1283,1308]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Ambulacra</emphasis>
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—Ambulacrum III narrow and flush, pore pairs small, simple isopores; paired ambulacra distinctly petaloid; petals sunken, narrow, closed distally; anterior paired petals extending laterally almost 180° to each other, spanning c. 46% of TW; posterior paired petals 126% longer than anterior paired petals; mean petal lengths of anterior paired petals and posterior paired petals 31% and 39% TL respectively; interporiferous zones very narrow; anterior paired petals slightly curved anteriorly at the tips; posterior paired petals slightly divergent at an angle of 44° and curved laterally at the tips; inner and outer pores elliptical, more or less equal in size; distinctly conjugate; ridges between consecutive pore pairs low with 3–5 small tubercles; anterior paired ambulacra bear well-developed phyllodes; periplastronal areas narrow and naked, but also forming phyllodes near peristome.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF52F99776169FEF" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF52F99772639F50" box="[199,375,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Interambulacra</emphasis>
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—Aboral side convex; posterior interambulacrum raised but not keeled, not projecting above periproct; posterior end nearly vertically truncated; densely packed with perforate, crenulate primary tubercles, larger tubercles inside peripetalous fasciole especially along ambulacrum III and anterior part of test.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF52F93B764E9F9C" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF52F93B72269FC4" box="[199,306,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Fascioles</emphasis>
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—Peripetalous fasciole well-developed, closely outlining petals with strong indentation between petals; subanal fasciole broad, bilobed and kidney shaped, width of fasciole 43–47% TL concavity in outline directed towards periproctal region; usually encloses five pore pairs on each side; no anal branches (
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<figureCitation id="13122A27FFED8932FB6FF963765A9F9C" box="[1274,1358,1751,1776]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="71.[151,250,970,992]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,949]" captionTargetId="figure@71.[151,1436,193,949]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 63. Subanal fasciole of Brissus cf. agassizii (WUSL/EI/75)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617579/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF52F94F710E9E7F" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" box="[199,538,1787,1812]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF52F94F72329E78" box="[199,294,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Plastron</emphasis>
|
||
—Wide, 39–45% TL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF52F89571B19EEC" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF52F895722D9E54" box="[199,313,1825,1848]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Peristome</emphasis>
|
||
—Kidney-shaped; about twice as wide as long; moderately large, length 9–13% TL, width 18–21% TL; located anteriorly, anterior margin of peristome c. 15% TL (SD=0.4) from anterior margin of test; labrum short and wide, thickened, rounded and downturned.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFED8932FF52F83971DD9EA4" blockId="71.[151,1437,1031,1992]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFED8932FF52F83972259EC8" box="[199,305,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Periproct</emphasis>
|
||
—Vertically elongate; teardrop-shaped, outline pointed aborally and orally; large, 1.5 times longer than wide, length 18–22% TL, width 12–15% TL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF56662AFFE2893DFF02F8E170B09E07" box="[151,932,1877,1899]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617581/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" startId="72.[151,250,1877,1899]" targetBox="[182,1426,219,1848]" targetPageId="72">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE2893DFF02F8E170B09E07" blockId="72.[151,932,1877,1899]" box="[151,932,1877,1899]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE2893DFF02F8E172349E06" bold="true" box="[151,288,1877,1899]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 64.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE2893DFE61F8E271AA9E07" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[500,702,1877,1899]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE2893DFE61F8E2712B9E07" box="[500,575,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Brissus</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE2893DFDF0F8E271AA9E07" box="[613,702,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">agassizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded in this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF56662AFFE3893CFF02FAF077659C36" box="[151,1137,1348,1370]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617583/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" startId="73.[151,250,1348,1370]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE3893CFF02FAF077659C36" blockId="73.[151,1137,1348,1370]" box="[151,1137,1348,1370]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE3893CFF02FAF0720D9C35" bold="true" box="[151,281,1348,1370]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">FIGURE 65</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE3893CFEB0FAF172649C36" box="[293,368,1349,1370]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE3893CFEB0FAF172649C36" box="[293,368,1349,1370]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Brissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (WUSL/EI/74): A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, lateral view, right side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE3893CFF52FA3271B29CAF" blockId="73.[151,1437,1414,2015]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE3893CFF52FA3272B39CF3" bold="true" box="[199,423,1414,1439]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Geographic range.</emphasis>
|
||
Indo-West Pacific, from Green Head to Swain Reefs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFE3893CFB81FA3277AA9CF3" author="Miskelly, A." box="[1044,1214,1414,1439]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref35198" refString="Miskelly, A. (2002) Sea urchins of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. Capricornica Publications, Lindfield, 179 pp." type="book" year="2002">Miskelly 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFE3893CFB46FA3C76079CF3" box="[1235,1299,1416,1439]" name="Japan" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFE3893CFAB7FA3373C49CAF" author="Mortensen, T." pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref35636" refString="Mortensen, T. (1951) A Monograph of the Echinoidea V. 2. Spatangoida. 2. Amphisternata. II. Spatangidae, Loveniidae, Pericosmidae, Schizasteridae, Brissidae. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 593 pp." type="book" year="1951">Mortensen 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Philippine (van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFE3893CFE54FA1E718E9CAF" author="van Noordenburg, H." box="[449,666,1450,1475]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref36274" refString="van Noordenburg, H. (2008) Sea Urchins of the Philippines. Part I. The Irregulars. Artificial Harmonics, Utrecht, 153 pp." type="book" year="2008">Noordenburg 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE3893CFF52FA7A70929C8B" blockId="73.[151,1437,1414,2015]" box="[199,902,1486,1511]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE3893CFF52FA7A72BA9C8B" bold="true" box="[199,430,1486,1511]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Bathymetric range.</emphasis>
|
||
Intertidal zone to
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFE3893CFDE9FA7B71D79C8B" box="[636,707,1487,1511]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFE3893CFD44FA7A706F9C8B" author="Miskelly, A." box="[721,891,1486,1511]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref35198" refString="Miskelly, A. (2002) Sea urchins of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. Capricornica Publications, Lindfield, 179 pp." type="book" year="2002">Miskelly 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE3893CFF52FA46778B9F3F" blockId="73.[151,1437,1414,2015]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE3893CFF52FA4671799F67" bold="true" box="[199,621,1522,1547]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Observed occurrence in
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFE3893CFE78FA4671799F67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147524388" box="[493,621,1522,1547]" country="Sri Lanka" county="Sri Lanka" elevation="15" location="Denuded" municipality="Baththalangunduwa" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFE3893CFE78FA46717C9F67" box="[493,616,1522,1547]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EF66079FFE3893CFDE0FA4671CE9F67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFEF893FFF02F89D713C9BA1:8EF66079FFE3893CFDE0FA4671CE9F67" box="[629,730,1522,1547]" country="Sri Lanka" county="Sri Lanka" municipality="Baththalangunduwa" name="Denuded" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Denuded</location>
|
||
specimens were collected from a sandy bottom with sea grass beds in
|
||
<location id="8EF66079FFE3893CFF60F9A272689F43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFEF893FFF02F89D713C9BA1:8EF66079FFE3893CFF60F9A272689F43" box="[245,380,1558,1583]" country="Sri Lanka" county="Sri Lanka" municipality="Baththalangunduwa" name="Silavathurai" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Silavathurai</location>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF2ACD8FFE3893CFE2FF9A271899F43" box="[442,669,1558,1583]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Baththalangunduwa</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, north-western coast of
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F74E2EFFE3893CFC22F9A2773C9F43" box="[951,1064,1558,1583]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Sri Lanka</collectingCounty>
|
||
at a depth range of
|
||
<elevation id="0004D191FFE3893CFA8EF9A376639F43" box="[1307,1399,1559,1583]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="14.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="9.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFE3893CFA8EF9A376639F43" box="[1307,1399,1559,1583]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="14.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="9.0">9–20 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
. In addition, this species was observed in Kalmunai, on the eastern coast of Sri Lanka (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFE3893CFBABF98E77869F3F" box="[1086,1170,1594,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="72.[151,250,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,219,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 64. Distribution map of Brissus cf. agassizii recorded in this study." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617581/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFE3893FFF52F9EA713C9BA1" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE3893CFF52F9EA779D9E23" blockId="73.[151,1437,1414,2015]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE3893CFF52F9EA722F9F1B" bold="true" box="[199,315,1630,1655]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In examined specimens, relative peristome size decreases during growth. This indicates negative allometry for the peristome, which is common throughout the Irregularia. Test height of this species was observed to decrease with growth. In addition, width of the subanal fasciole decreases relative to test length. Average ratio between the subanal fasciole width and periproct width is 3.5 for the studied specimens (SD=0.12, N=4). This ratio was higher than that in specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE3893CFDD1F94471D39E6B" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[580,711,1776,1799]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE3893CFDD1F94471D39E6B" box="[580,711,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">B. agassizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(3.0 [SD=0.02, N=3, based on NHMW 2008z0168/0028, 0 0 29 and 0030]), or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE3893CFEA8F8A072A89E47" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[317,444,1810,1835]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE3893CFEA8F8A072A89E47" box="[317,444,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">B. unicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2.8 [SD=0.44, N=7, based on NHMW 2006z0300/0002a, 0002b, 0002c, 0002d, 0002e, 2009z0207/0001 and 2015/0529/0001] examined at the Natural History Museum
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EDF840FFE3893CFBBCF882776A9E23" box="[1065,1150,1846,1871]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Vienna</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE3893CFF52F8EE70F09EB3" blockId="73.[151,1437,1414,2015]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The largest specimen (collected from Hiriketiya, southern coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFE3893CFC57F8EE77279E1F" box="[962,1075,1882,1907]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
) with a TL of
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFE3893CFB48F8EF76569E1E" box="[1245,1346,1883,1907]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.09" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="80.9">80.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
had six pore pairs in the right lobe of the subanal fasciole and five in the left lobe, indicating that the number of pore pairs in the subanal fasciole can vary with test length. In addition, this specimen’s apical system was very close to the anterior margin (9% TL from anterior edge) and the test broader (81% TL).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE0893FFF52FF23722698EB" blockId="74.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
The Sri Lankan
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFEEEFF2D72DA99DC" box="[379,462,153,176]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFEEEFF2D72DA99DC" box="[379,462,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Brissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFE4BFF2D719699DC" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[478,642,151,176]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFE4BFF2D72FB99DC" box="[478,495,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
|
||
. cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFDB5FF2D719699DC" box="[544,642,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">agassizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) specimens clearly do not belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFB88FF2D77C499DC" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[1053,1232,151,176]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="latecarinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFB88FF2D77C499DC" box="[1053,1232,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B. latecarinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the periproct is not overhung by the posterior interambulacrum. The posterior end is almost vertically truncated, so that the periproct is not fully visible from the oral side. In addition, aboral interambulacrum 5 is not strongly carinate. In the Sri Lankan material, the periproct is not broadly oval, but elongate and pointed, and the plastron is about half the test width.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFE84FE9D72A1982C" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[273,437,295,320]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFE84FE9D723E982C" box="[273,298,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFEC6FE9D72A1982C" box="[339,437,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">agassizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also tends to have five pore pairs on each side of the subanal fasciole even in the smallest (
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFE0893FFF0BFEF872189808" box="[158,268,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="27.8">27.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) specimen. The apical system is placed more anteriorly in the Sri Lankan specimens than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFA11FEF9723F98E4" baseAuthorityName="Leske" baseAuthorityYear="1778" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="latecarinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFA11FEF9723F98E4" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B. latecarinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE0893FFF52FE2077979898" blockId="74.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Although, the specimens collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFE0893FFDE1FE2071F798C1" box="[628,739,404,429]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
are more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFC58FE21774498C0" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[973,1104,405,428]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFC58FE21774498C0" box="[973,1104,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B. agassizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the test is high compared to that species. However, this feature appears to be quite variable and relative test height decreases with growth in the studied specimens. In addition, the posterior petals are shorter than in typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFC6EFE6977689898" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1885" box="[1019,1148,477,500]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="agassizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFC6EFE6977689898" box="[1019,1148,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B. agassizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFE0893FFF52FDB4713C9BA1" blockId="74.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
A specimen (WUSL/EI/74, TL
|
||
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFE0893FFDB2FE4B71989B7B" box="[551,652,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.31" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="53.1">53.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFE0893FFD02FE4B71F39B74" box="[663,743,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="73.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@73.[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURE 65. Brissus sp. (WUSL/EI/74): A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, lateral view, right side." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617583/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
|
||
) collected from Hikkaduwa Beach had the major features of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFF02FD9173FE9B50" box="[151,234,549,572]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFF02FD9173FE9B50" box="[151,234,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Brissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differed from typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFD8FFD9171799B50" box="[538,621,549,572]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFD8FFD9171799B50" box="[538,621,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Brissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the confluent nature of its posterior paired petals (giving a similar appearance as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFECAFDF371349B0C" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[351,544,583,608]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Metalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sternalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFECAFDF371349B0C" box="[351,544,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Metalia sternalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFDDEFDF371AF9B0C" authorityName="Coppard" authorityYear="2008" box="[587,699,583,608]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissalius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFDDEFDF371AF9B0C" box="[587,699,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Brissalius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Different interpretations for this specimen are possible: 1) the peculiar morphology could be the result of abnormal growth, or 2) this could be a new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFE0893FFA95FDD976479BE8" box="[1280,1363,621,644]" class="Echinoidea" family="Brissidae" genus="Brissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spatangoida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFE0893FFA95FDD976479BE8" box="[1280,1363,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Brissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Until additional specimens showing this peculiar feature are found, we favour interpretation 1 and refrain from identifying the specimen to species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |