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<document id="BA1BCD06C3B509B26C334C4DDAD4C09D" ID-CLB-Dataset="27715" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4541.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9c3fecf1-4e11-4c79-a908-e0a5abbaf3ca" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2617460" ID-ZooBank="B11E734C-218B-418C-84E6-719AB3C58AFF" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553927824231" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arachchige, Gayashan M., Jayakody, Sevvandi, Mooi, Rich &amp; Kroh, Andreas" docDate="2019" docId="038087B4FFA58967FF02FF6972109A54" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4541.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4541 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Koehleraster abnormalis" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFB9FFCCFFAA8975FF95FFB47314996C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and distribution of irregular echinoids (Echinoidea: Irregularia) from Sri Lanka" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698715306146" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8D89C66B2769199D37F885D235710E9E">Taxonomy and distribution of irregular echinoids (Echinoidea: Irregularia) from Sri Lanka</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="486C1B52A8801D25E0BB2CEEFF1FB537">Arachchige, Gayashan M.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA5897AFF02FF69718C999B" box="[151,664,221,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA5897AFF02FF69718C999B" blockId="15.[151,664,221,280]" box="[151,664,221,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0DE81CEFFA5897AFF02FF69718C999B" bold="true" box="[151,664,221,247]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA5897AFF02FF69718C999B" ID-CoL="3RBFQ" authority="(de Loriol, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="de Loriol" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[151,664,221,247]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinoneidae" genus="Koehleraster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinoneoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFF02FF69718C999B" bold="true" box="[151,664,221,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFF02FF6972D6999B" bold="true" box="[151,450,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Koehleraster abnormalis</emphasis>
(de
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA5897AFE62FF697184999B" author="De Loriol, P." box="[503,656,221,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref34555" refString="De Loriol, P. (1883) Catalogue raisonne des Echinodermes recueillis par MV de Robillard a l'ile Maurice. Memoires de la Societe de physique et d'histoire naturelle de Geneve, 28, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1883">Loriol, 1883</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA5897AFF02FF4B70FA9810" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA5897AFF02FF4B72409874" blockId="15.[151,664,221,280]" box="[151,340,255,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFA5897AFF02FF4B7216987B" box="[151,258,255,280]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[219,1377,193,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[219,1377,193,1895]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. SEM images comparing aboral tuberculation on Echinoneus cyclostomus and Koehleraster abnormalis: A, glassy tubercles, miliary tubercles, and primary tubercles of E. cyclostomus; B, primary tubercles and miliary tubercles of K. abnormalis; C, imperforate and non-crenulate primary tubercle of E. cyclostomus; D, perforate and non-crenulate primary tubercle K. abnormalis; A and C, E. cyclostomus (WUSL/EI/6): B and D, K. abnormalis (WUSL/EI/8)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617472/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figures 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFA5897AFE9BFEB472409874" box="[270,340,256,280]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 10" captionStart-1="FIGURE 11" captionStart-2="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="15.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1756,1778]" captionStartId-2="17.[151,250,1949,1971]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,610,1971]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1735]" captionTargetBox-2="[182,1426,291,1899]" captionTargetId-0="figure@15.[151,1436,610,1971]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1735]" captionTargetId-2="figure@17.[151,1436,265,1928]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionText-0="FIGURE 10. Koehleraster abnormalis (WUSL/EI/8): A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, lateral view, right side." captionText-1="FIGURE 11. SEM images showing details on test surface of Koehleraster abnormalis (WUSL/EI/8): A, apical system; B, periproct; C, orientation of pores on aboral surface; D, orientation of pores on oral surface." captionText-2="FIGURE 12. Distribution map of Koehleraster abnormalis recorded in this study." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2617478/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2617480/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2617482/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">1012</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA5897AFF02FEFC71F59832" blockId="15.[151,1006,328,380]" box="[151,737,328,350]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
1883
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA5897AFF45FEFC71339832" authority="de Loriol" authorityName="de Loriol" box="[208,551,328,350]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinoneidae" genus="Echinoneus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinoneoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFF45FEFC72D49832" box="[208,448,328,350]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Echinoneus abnormalis</emphasis>
de Loriol
</taxonomicName>
: p. 41; pl. 5:fig. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA5897AFF02FED270FA9810" blockId="15.[151,1006,328,380]" box="[151,1006,358,380]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
1948a
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA5897AFF4EFED271219810" authority="de Loriol." authorityName="de Loriol." box="[219,565,358,380]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinoneidae" genus="Echinoneus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinoneoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFF4EFED272DF9810" box="[219,459,358,380]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Echinoneus abnormalis</emphasis>
de Loriol.
</taxonomicName>
—Mortensen: p. 8081; pl. 12: figs. 20, 22.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA5897AFF02FE1D7219988A" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA5897AFF02FE1D7219988A" blockId="15.[151,1436,425,558]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFF02FE1D727398AE" bold="true" box="[151,359,425,450]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Material studied.</emphasis>
Two denuded tests: WUSL/EI/8 from Hiriketiya and WUSL/EI/9 from Baththalangunduwa 1,
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFA5897AFF02FE79721C988A" box="[151,264,461,486]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA58967FF52FE4573FD9BE9" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA5897AFF52FE45725C9B41" blockId="15.[151,1436,425,558]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFF52FE45724D9B66" bold="true" box="[199,345,497,522]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFECAFE4571129B65" box="[351,518,497,522]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Shape and size</emphasis>
—Test small to medium-sized, ovoid, 20.4 and
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFA5897AFB8CFE4577699B65" box="[1049,1149,497,521]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="21.8">21.8 mm</quantity>
TL, TW 76 and 77% TL, height 47% TL.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF56662AFFA5897AFF02F87C77E09EB2" box="[151,1268,1992,2014]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617478/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[151,250,1992,2014]" targetBox="[151,1436,610,1971]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA5897AFF02F87C77E09EB2" blockId="15.[151,1268,1992,2014]" box="[151,1268,1992,2014]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFF02F87C720B9EB1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1992,2014]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA5897AFEB0F87C71309EB2" baseAuthorityName="de Loriol" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[293,548,1992,2014]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinoneidae" genus="Koehleraster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinoneoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA5897AFEB0F87C71309EB2" box="[293,548,1992,2014]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Koehleraster abnormalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(WUSL/EI/8): A, aboral view; B, oral view; C, lateral view, right side.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF56662AFFBA8965FF02F968773A9E7D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617480/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[151,250,1756,1778]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1735]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFBA8965FF02F968773A9E7D" blockId="16.[151,1435,1756,1809]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFBA8965FF02F96872359F9D" bold="true" box="[151,289,1756,1778]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
SEM images showing details on test surface of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFBA8965FCB4F96877369F9E" baseAuthorityName="de Loriol" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[801,1058,1756,1778]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinoneidae" genus="Koehleraster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinoneoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFBA8965FCB4F96877369F9E" box="[801,1058,1756,1778]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Koehleraster abnormalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(WUSL/EI/8): A, apical system; B, periproct; C, orientation of pores on aboral surface; D, orientation of pores on oral surface.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFBA8965FF52F88C712C9E18" blockId="16.[151,1436,1848,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFBA8965FF52F88C72759E3C" box="[199,353,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Apical system</emphasis>
—Tetrabasal; four gonopores, situated slightly anterior of centre of aboral surface, approximately 45% TL from anterior margin of test.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFBA8965FF52F83470729ED1" blockId="16.[151,1436,1848,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFBA8965FF52F83472579EF5" box="[199,323,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ambulacra</emphasis>
—Non-petaloid; interporiferous zone not elevated; pore-zone depressed and narrow; pores on oral surface smaller and closer together than those on aboral surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFBA8965FF52F87C76889E8D" blockId="16.[151,1436,1848,2017]" box="[199,1436,1992,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFBA8965FF52F87C72779E8D" box="[199,355,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tuberculation</emphasis>
—Test surface densely covered by small, perforate, non-crenulate primary tubercles; ring of
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFBB8964FF02FF23705899B9" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">imperforate and non-crenulate miliary tubercles more or less evenly distributed among primary tubercles; primary tubercles on aboral surface smaller than those on oral surface.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF56662AFFBB8964FF02F82970CC9EDF" box="[151,984,1949,1971]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617482/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[151,250,1949,1971]" targetBox="[182,1426,291,1899]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFBB8964FF02F82970CC9EDF" blockId="17.[151,984,1949,1971]" box="[151,984,1949,1971]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFBB8964FF02F829720B9EDE" bold="true" box="[151,287,1949,1971]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFBB8964FE61F82971E59EDF" baseAuthorityName="de Loriol" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[500,753,1949,1971]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinoneidae" genus="Koehleraster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinoneoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFBB8964FE61F82971E59EDF" box="[500,753,1949,1971]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Koehleraster abnormalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recorded in this study.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFB88967FF52FF2D767B9994" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFB88967FF52FF2D722D99DC" box="[199,313,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Peristome</emphasis>
—Smaller than periproct, length approximately 15% and 16% TL; width 17% and 21% TL; irregularly oval to triangular in shape, pointed towards interambulacrum 2 and 4, moderately sunken, situated slightly anterior to centre of oral surface, c. 47% TL from anterior margin of test to anterior edge of peristome.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFB88967FF52FEB170879809" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFB88967FF52FEB172259870" box="[199,305,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Periproct</emphasis>
—Larger than peristome, length 25% and 29% TL; width 15% and 17% TL; teardrop-shaped, slightly pointed toward peristome, longitudinally elongate; located orally in interambulacrum 5, close to peristome, 13% TL from posterior margin of test to posterior edge of periproct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFB88967FF52FEDB73CB98BC" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFB88967FF52FEDB72BD98E4" bold="true" box="[199,425,367,392]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Geographic range.</emphasis>
Indo-West Pacific, from
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFB88967FD44FEDB702A98E4" box="[721,830,367,392]" name="Mauritius" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
(de
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FCE3FEDB771598E4" author="De Loriol, P." box="[886,1025,367,392]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref34555" refString="De Loriol, P. (1883) Catalogue raisonne des Echinodermes recueillis par MV de Robillard a l'ile Maurice. Memoires de la Societe de physique et d'histoire naturelle de Geneve, 28, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1883">Loriol 1883</bibRefCitation>
), East Indies (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FB3FFEC4766098E4" author="Mortensen, T." box="[1194,1396,368,392]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref35354" refString="Mortensen, T. (1948 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea IV. 1. Holectypoida, Cassiduloida. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 371 pp." type="book" year="1948">Mortensen 1948a</bibRefCitation>
) to Coral Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FE8DFE2072D798C0" author="Miskelly, A." box="[280,451,404,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref35198" refString="Miskelly, A. (2002) Sea urchins of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. Capricornica Publications, Lindfield, 179 pp." type="book" year="2002">Miskelly 2002</bibRefCitation>
), South Pacific Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FD49FE20707A98C1" author="Clark, H. L." box="[732,878,404,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref34415" refString="Clark, H. L. (1925 a) A Catalogue of the Recent Sea-Urchins (Echinoidea) in the Collection of the British Museum (Natural History). Oxford University Press, London, 250 pp." type="book" year="1925">Clark 1925a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FCE9FE21775798C0" author="Mortensen, T." box="[892,1091,404,428]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref35354" refString="Mortensen, T. (1948 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea IV. 1. Holectypoida, Cassiduloida. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 371 pp." type="book" year="1948">Mortensen 1948a</bibRefCitation>
) and Hawaiian Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FAC9FE2073C798BC" author="Clark, H. L." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="81 - 283" refId="ref34331" refString="Clark, H. L. (1917) Hawaiian and other Pacific Echini, Echinoneidae, Nucleolitidae, Urechinidae, Echinocorythidae, Calymnidae, Pourtalesiidae, Palaestomatidae, Aeropsidae, Palaeopneustidae, Hemiasteridae, and Spatangidae. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 46, 81 - 283." type="journal article" year="1917">Clark 1917</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFB88967FF52FE68705E9898" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,824]" box="[199,842,476,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFB88967FF52FE6872BA9899" bold="true" box="[199,430,476,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Bathymetric range.</emphasis>
Littoral to
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFB88967FDB8FE6871729898" box="[557,614,476,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FDE0FE68702A9898" author="Mortensen, T." box="[629,830,476,500]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref35354" refString="Mortensen, T. (1948 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea IV. 1. Holectypoida, Cassiduloida. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 371 pp." type="book" year="1948">Mortensen 1948a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFB88967FF52FE4B73FD9BE9" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFB88967FF52FE4B71619B74" bold="true" box="[199,629,511,536]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Observed occurrence in
<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFB88967FE67FE4B71649B74" box="[498,624,511,536]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Dead specimens were found among biogenic sands at Hiriketiya Bay Beach on the southern coast of Sri Lanka and in a coarse sand patch in a sea grass bed at
<quantity id="4CD19B47FFB88967FBE5FD90778E9B50" box="[1136,1178,548,572]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="9.0">9 m</quantity>
in Baththalangunduwa on the north-western coast of Sri Lanka (
<figureCitation id="13122A27FFB88967FDE3FDF371D89B0C" box="[630,716,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1949,1971]" captionTargetBox="[182,1426,291,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,265,1928]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 12. Distribution map of Koehleraster abnormalis recorded in this study." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2617482/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). This species was first recorded from Sri Lanka by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FAA7FDF373F19BE9" author="Fernando, M." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="259 - 273" refId="ref34713" refString="Fernando, M. (2006) Coral associated invertebrates: An overview of the current taxonomic status. In: Bambaradeniya, C. N. B. (Ed.), The Fauna of Sri Lanka, Section 3: Status of Marine Fauna in Sri Lanka. IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Gland, pp. 259 - 273." type="book chapter" year="2006">Fernando (2006)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFB88967FF52FD3B72109A54" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFB88967FF52FD3B72109A54" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFB88967FF52FD3B722F9BC4" bold="true" box="[199,315,655,680]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
Collected materials indicate that two genera of echinoneids occur in Sri Lankan waters. At Hiriketiya Bay Beach, dead specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFB88967FDE7FD01700F9BA1" authorityName="Leske" authorityYear="1778" box="[626,795,692,717]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinoneidae" genus="Echinoneus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinoneoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cyclostomus">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFB88967FDE7FD01700F9BA1" box="[626,795,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E. cyclostomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFB88967FCC6FD0170E79BA1" baseAuthorityName="de Loriol" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[851,1011,692,717]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinoneidae" genus="Koehleraster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echinoneoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abnormalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFB88967FCC6FD0170E79BA1" box="[851,1011,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">K. abnormalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur together. As no live specimens of both species were collected together in their original habitat, it is inconclusive whether these two species cooccur in the same habitat.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFB88967FE43FD4971F59A78" author="Mortensen, T." box="[470,737,764,788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref35354" refString="Mortensen, T. (1948 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea IV. 1. Holectypoida, Cassiduloida. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 371 pp." type="book" year="1948">Mortensen (1948a: 81)</bibRefCitation>
suggests that the two species do not co-occur at the same localities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>