170 lines
21 KiB
XML
170 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="8802EF19CF210CA1EAAE78262507B9D7" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f65b06c-5600-4172-9ee2-854f09ef4455" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191594" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461129936904" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Haddad, Charles R., Lyle, Robin, Bosselaers, Jan & Ramirez, Martin J." docDate="2009" docId="038087A2DA50450FFF4FF9B96764FC32" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02296p038.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2296" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Austrachelas kalaharinus Haddad, Lyle, Bosselaers & Ramirez, 2009, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FFB9FFDADA42451CFFD8FFC5641CFFEC" masterDocTitle="A revision of the endemic South African spider genus Austrachelas, with its transfer to the Gallieniellidae (Arachnida: Araneae)" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698597546718" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A4223900B95425D0D5230410594D5F00">
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<mods:title id="B36C4239269AC7796D68F4FC8DAA14DE">A revision of the endemic South African spider genus Austrachelas, with its transfer to the Gallieniellidae (Arachnida: Araneae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EC583667871C055689528693DECBF863" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E090AF30A3D2208500D5B1FA1509C935">Haddad, Charles R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="749383E3CFBE8C1EEE79B5499319CF8A">Lyle, Robin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="4BC20D580F8400CA0B1C24BEF004DCCA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BEC2F11AD904585B8AAC8A14BBE69980">Bosselaers, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B05726531C9BF3D4E0D5CC0B54201556">Ramirez, Martin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A77DCA9053B458D5FBED181EF06068A7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7F215027818417DC96AF69E64E77093D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="31FFDC5866DC67B04ECCB7B3A999DABA">
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<mods:date id="27AF25EC52F4A7390BF3EDD4A8D542EF">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E5326FA7398AF3AE3C9750E59DF17FA5">2296</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7D888AC466F7D8A18AD501553D45C496">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AA4CC6336A981FD8A1623D4955DC384D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.191594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038087A2DA50450FFF4FF9B96764FC32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6225453" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6225453" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087A2DA50450FFF4FF9B96764FC32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087A2DA50450FFF4FF9B96764FC32" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="C333653FDA50450EFF4FF9B96556F950" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA50450EFF4FF9B96604F979" blockId="18.[151,536,1659,1724]" box="[151,536,1659,1686]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="D0DE81D8DA50450EFF4FF9B96604F979" bold="true" box="[151,536,1659,1686]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFF4FF9B96604F979" bold="true" box="[151,536,1659,1686]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D37DA50450EFF4FF9B965D3F97A" ID-CoL="5VXK8" box="[151,463,1660,1686]" class="Arachnida" family="Gallieniellidae" genus="Austrachelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalaharinus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFF4FF9B965D3F97A" bold="true" box="[151,463,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Austrachelas kalaharinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57DDDA50450EFE0EF9BE6604F979" box="[470,536,1659,1685]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA50450EFF4FF9676556F950" blockId="18.[151,536,1659,1724]" box="[151,330,1698,1724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13122A31DA50450EFF47F96764F7F950" box="[159,235,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,315,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,313,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. Digital microscope photographs of the habitus of Austrachelas species: (1) A. bergi n. sp., female; (2) A. incertus Lawrence, 1938, female; (3) same, male; (4) A. kalaharinus n. sp., male; (5) A. merwei n. sp., female; (6) same, male; (7) A. natalensis Lawrence, 1942, female; (8) same, male; (9) A. pondoensis n. sp., female; (10) same, male; (11) A. reavelli n. sp., female; (12) same, male; (13) A. sexoculata n. sp., male; (14) A. wassenaari n. sp., female; (15) same, male. Scale bars = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191595/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13122A31DA50450EFF20F967655FF950" box="[248,323,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 59" captionStartId="17.[151,269,1148,1172]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,181,1124]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,181,1125]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 59. Genitalic morphology of Austrachelas species. (52 – 53) A. bergi n. sp.: female epigyne, ventral view (52), dorsal view (53); (54 – 57) A. incertus Lawrence, 1938: female epigyne, ventral view (54), dorsal view (55), male palp, ventral view (56), retrolateral view (57); (58 – 59) A. kalaharinus n. sp., male palp, ventral view (58), retrolateral view (59). Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191602/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">58, 59</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C333653FDA50450EFF4FF92A64E9F8DC" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA50450EFF4FF92A64E9F8DC" blockId="18.[151,1436,1775,2034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFF4FF92A6501F8E5" bold="true" box="[151,285,1775,1801]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Etymology</emphasis>
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. This species is named for the Kalahari Desert, which has its southernmost reaches near the
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<typeStatus id="54928816DA50450EFAB1F9356180F8E6" box="[1385,1436,1776,1802]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C333653FDA50450EFF1EF8F86155F848" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA50450EFF1EF8F86155F848" blockId="18.[151,1436,1775,2034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFF1EF8F86523F8BB" bold="true" box="[198,319,1853,1879]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. This species is closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D37DA50450EFD17F8F86771F8BA" box="[719,877,1853,1878]" class="Arachnida" family="Gallieniellidae" genus="Austrachelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexoculata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFD17F8F86771F8BA" box="[719,877,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. sexoculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFCACF8F867ABF8BB" bold="true" box="[884,951,1853,1879]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57DDDA50450EFCACF8F867ABF8BB" box="[884,951,1853,1879]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, but the two species can be distinguished by the eight eyes of
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D37DA50450EFE55F8A16623F891" box="[397,575,1892,1917]" class="Arachnida" family="Gallieniellidae" genus="Austrachelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalaharinus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFE55F8A16623F891" box="[397,575,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. kalaharinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFD9FF8A66690F891" bold="true" box="[583,652,1891,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57DDDA50450EFD9FF8A66690F891" box="[583,652,1891,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(six in
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D37DA50450EFD31F8A16790F891" box="[745,908,1892,1917]" class="Arachnida" family="Gallieniellidae" genus="Austrachelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexoculata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFD31F8A16790F891" box="[745,908,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. sexoculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFC4CF8A667C4F891" bold="true" box="[916,984,1891,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57DDDA50450EFC4CF8A667C4F891" box="[916,984,1891,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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) and the presence of denticles on the retrolateral tibial apophysis of
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D37DA50450EFE26F84E66B7F848" box="[510,683,1931,1956]" class="Arachnida" family="Gallieniellidae" genus="Austrachelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalaharinus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFE26F84E66B7F848" box="[510,683,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. kalaharinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFD6AF84F66E9F848" bold="true" box="[690,757,1930,1956]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57DDDA50450EFD6AF84F66E9F848" box="[690,757,1930,1956]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13122A31DA50450EFCDCF84F6747F848" box="[772,859,1930,1956]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 59" captionStartId="17.[151,269,1148,1172]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,181,1124]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,181,1125]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 59. Genitalic morphology of Austrachelas species. (52 – 53) A. bergi n. sp.: female epigyne, ventral view (52), dorsal view (53); (54 – 57) A. incertus Lawrence, 1938: female epigyne, ventral view (54), dorsal view (55), male palp, ventral view (56), retrolateral view (57); (58 – 59) A. kalaharinus n. sp., male palp, ventral view (58), retrolateral view (59). Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191602/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
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), which are absent in
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D37DA50450EFB83F84E60E5F848" box="[1115,1273,1931,1956]" class="Arachnida" family="Gallieniellidae" genus="Austrachelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexoculata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFB83F84E60E5F848" box="[1115,1273,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. sexoculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFAD8F84F615FF848" bold="true" box="[1280,1347,1930,1956]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57DDDA50450EFAD8F84F615FF848" box="[1280,1347,1930,1956]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C333653FDA50450FFF1EF87567DEFC86" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA50450EFF1EF8756142F81E" blockId="18.[151,1436,1775,2034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA50450EFF1EF87565C5F826" bold="true" box="[198,473,1968,1994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Male. Measurements:</emphasis>
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CL 3.58, CW 2.58, FL 0.35, AL 3.60, AW 1.90, SL 2.00, SW 1.40, TL 7.20, AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.37, PME–PME 0.09, PME–PLE 0.12, PLE–PLE 0.54.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA51450FFF1DFF5D65D5FF13" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,990]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Length of leg segments (sequence from femur to tarsus, and total): I 2.45 + 1.37 + 1.83 + 1.40 + 0.90 = 7.95; II 2.35 + 1.35 + 1.70 + 1.33 + 0.85 = 7.58; III 2.00 + 1.03 + 1.13 + 1.48 + 0.73 = 6.37; IV 2.70 + 1.33 + 2.00 + 2.38 + 0.90 = 9.31.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA51450FFF1DFEC967DEFC86" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,990]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Carapace uniform deep red-brown, black along margins (
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<figureCitation id="13122A31DA51450FFC87FEC967BBFECA" box="[863,935,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,315,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,313,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. Digital microscope photographs of the habitus of Austrachelas species: (1) A. bergi n. sp., female; (2) A. incertus Lawrence, 1938, female; (3) same, male; (4) A. kalaharinus n. sp., male; (5) A. merwei n. sp., female; (6) same, male; (7) A. natalensis Lawrence, 1942, female; (8) same, male; (9) A. pondoensis n. sp., female; (10) same, male; (11) A. reavelli n. sp., female; (12) same, male; (13) A. sexoculata n. sp., male; (14) A. wassenaari n. sp., female; (15) same, male. Scale bars = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191595/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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); AER strongly procurved, laterals slightly larger than medians; AME separated by distance equal to ½ their diameter, AME nearly touching ALE, separated from ALE by distance equal to ½ AME diameter; clypeus height equal to 1½ times AME diameter at AME, equal to ALE diameter at ALE; PER straight, laterals slightly larger than medians; PME separated by distance equal to ½ their diameter, PME separated from PLE by distance equal to PME diameter. Chelicerae deep red-brown, anterior surface with coarse ridges; promargin with four teeth, proximal tooth smallest, second tooth largest; large space before third and fourth teeth, close to fang base and intermediate in size; retromargin with single small denticle, situated close to third promarginal tooth. Legs all deep orange, slightly paler distally. Leg spination: femora: I pl 1 do 1, II pl 1 do 1, III pl 1 do 2 rl 1, IV do 2; patellae: spineless; tibiae: I & II spineless, III pl 2 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 1 vt 2, IV pl 1 rl 2 plv 2 rlv 2 vt 2; metatarsi: I & II spineless, strongly scopulate, III & IV scopulate in distal half, III pl 6 rl 4 plv 1 rlv 1 vt 2, IV pl 6 rl 5 plv 2 rlv 1 vt 2. Abdomen grey with cream chevron dorsally (
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<figureCitation id="13122A31DA51450FFD1FFD70670FFD23" box="[711,787,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,315,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,313,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. Digital microscope photographs of the habitus of Austrachelas species: (1) A. bergi n. sp., female; (2) A. incertus Lawrence, 1938, female; (3) same, male; (4) A. kalaharinus n. sp., male; (5) A. merwei n. sp., female; (6) same, male; (7) A. natalensis Lawrence, 1942, female; (8) same, male; (9) A. pondoensis n. sp., female; (10) same, male; (11) A. reavelli n. sp., female; (12) same, male; (13) A. sexoculata n. sp., male; (14) A. wassenaari n. sp., female; (15) same, male. Scale bars = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191595/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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), cream laterally and ventrally; small anterior dorsal scutum present, venter without any sclerites. Male palp with broad spoon-shaped prolateral tibial apophysis and triangular retrolateral tibial apophysis with two denticles on inner margin; median tegular apophysis hook-shaped; embolus curved in broad arc, with tooth-like prolateral and hook-like retrolateral projections on outer margin of embolus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A31DA51450FFE1FFC956653FC86" box="[455,591,848,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 59" captionStartId="17.[151,269,1148,1172]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,181,1124]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,181,1125]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 59. Genitalic morphology of Austrachelas species. (52 – 53) A. bergi n. sp.: female epigyne, ventral view (52), dorsal view (53); (54 – 57) A. incertus Lawrence, 1938: female epigyne, ventral view (54), dorsal view (55), male palp, ventral view (56), retrolateral view (57); (58 – 59) A. kalaharinus n. sp., male palp, ventral view (58), retrolateral view (59). Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191602/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 58, 59</figureCitation>
|
||
); palpal spination: femora do 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C333653FDA51450FFF1DFCB367E5FC5B" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA51450FFF1DFCB367E5FC5B" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,990]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA51450FFF1DFCB36567FC7C" bold="true" box="[197,379,886,912]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54928816DA51450FFF1DFCB3651CFC7C" box="[197,256,886,912]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54928816DA51450FFE5CFCB365EDFC7C" box="[388,497,886,912]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
3:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33E7624DA51450FFDC6FCB366EBFC7C" box="[542,759,886,912]" name="South Africa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA51450FFCD9FCB267F5FC7C" box="[769,1001,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Free State Province</emphasis>
|
||
, near Kimberley, Farm “Benfontein” [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5073DA51450FFF46FC5864E2FC5B" box="[158,254,925,951]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="-28.883333">28°53'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1D5073DA51450FFED3FC586571FC5B" box="[267,365,925,951]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="925" value="24.833334">24°50'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<date id="FF971074DA51450FFE59FC5865FEFC5B" box="[385,482,925,951]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1981-03">III.1981</date>
|
||
, S. Erasmus (pitfall traps) (NCA 2008/2763).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C333653FDA51450FFF1DFC066764FC32" box="[197,888,963,990]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636B4DA51450FFF1DFC066764FC32" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,990]" box="[197,888,963,990]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAA6DA51450FFF1DFC066542FC31" bold="true" box="[197,350,963,989]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54928816DA51450FFDA9FC0166BFFC32" box="[625,675,964,990]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13122A31DA51450FFCCBFC016776FC32" box="[787,874,964,990]" captionStart="FIGURE 82" captionStartId="28.[151,255,1122,1146]" captionTargetBox="[274,1329,188,1095]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[268,1335,181,1109]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 82. Distribution of the genus Austrachelas, endemic to South Africa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191606/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |